CN113817487B - Comprehensive utilization method for agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method for agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113817487B CN113817487B CN202110762737.7A CN202110762737A CN113817487B CN 113817487 B CN113817487 B CN 113817487B CN 202110762737 A CN202110762737 A CN 202110762737A CN 113817487 B CN113817487 B CN 113817487B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a recycling comprehensive utilization method of agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure, 1) crushing the agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like by a crusher, drying, carbonizing and cooling to obtain intermediate carbon powder; 2) the livestock and poultry manure in the collecting tank is sent to a fermentation device for fermentation to generate methane and intermediate product methane slag; 3) combustible residual gas generated by material carbonization and methane generated by fermentation are recycled as heat sources for material carbonization; recycling the high-temperature tail gas as a heat source for drying the raw materials; 4) the tail gas enters a tail gas purification system to be cooled for multiple times and cleaned and purified for multiple times, and the emission standard is reached; 5) and (3) conveying the intermediate product carbon powder and the biogas residues into a mixer, mixing according to a proportion, making the mixture into granules in a granulator, and drying to prepare the soil conditioner. The utility model comprehensively utilizes agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure as resources to finally form a single product, namely the soil conditioner, and has the beneficial effects of energy conservation and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for recycling and comprehensively utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure.
Background
In order to protect the environment, the agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like are not required to be burned, the fresh rice straws are not required to be directly reused, and the harmless treatment of the agricultural and forestry wastes such as the rice straws and the like is a trend. At present, the common method is to carbonize the agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like into powder for recycling.
In order to protect the environment, the livestock and poultry manure cannot be directly discharged, the livestock and poultry manure is recycled and fermented to generate biogas for combustion, and the biogas residue is used as a biological fertilizer, which has become a trend.
However, the prior art still lacks a method for comprehensively utilizing the agricultural and forestry wastes and the livestock and poultry manure as resources, and directly recycles the generated combustible gas to produce effective products.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the utility model is as follows: aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the utility model provides a method for comprehensively recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure, which is used for comprehensively recycling the agricultural and forestry waste and the livestock and poultry manure to finally form a single product, namely a soil conditioner, and has the beneficial effects of energy conservation and high efficiency.
The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model relates to a method for recycling and comprehensively utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps:
1) crushing agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like by a crusher, drying the crushed materials in a raw material drying device, carbonizing the dried materials in a dry burning carbonizing device, and cooling the carbonized carbon powder in a multi-stage water cooling system to obtain an intermediate product carbon powder;
2) the livestock and poultry manure in the collecting tank is sent to a fermentation device for fermentation to generate methane and intermediate product methane slag;
3) combustible residual gas generated by material carbonization and methane generated by fermentation are recycled by a combustible residual gas recycling device to heat the carbonization furnace and serve as heat sources for material carbonization; high-temperature tail gas generated after combustible residual gas and methane are combusted enters a raw material drying device to be recycled, so that the materials are heated and dried to be used as a heat source for drying the raw materials;
4) the tail gas enters a tail gas purification system to be subjected to repeated cooling and repeated cleaning and purification operations, so that the tail gas reaches the emission standard;
5) and conveying the intermediate product carbon powder and the biogas residues into a mixer, mixing according to a proportion, feeding the uniformly mixed mixture into a granulator to prepare granules, feeding the granules into a granule dryer to dry, and then feeding the granules into a finished product packaging machine to pack to prepare the soil conditioner.
The dry-burning carbonization device comprises a feed hopper, a rotary carbonization furnace and a discharge hopper which are connected in sequence, wherein a combustion heater is arranged below the rotary carbonization furnace, and the discharge hopper is connected with a multi-stage water cooling system through a cooling pipe; the combustible residual gas recovery device comprises a cyclone dust collector, a high-temperature fan and a pressure stabilizing tank which are connected in sequence, wherein the cyclone dust collector is connected with the discharge hopper through a pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing tank is connected with the combustion heater through a combustible residual gas pipe; a drying bent pipe is arranged in the raw material drying device, one end of the drying bent pipe is connected with a dry burning carbonization device through a hot tail gas pipe, the other end of the drying bent pipe is connected with a tail gas purification system through a tail gas pipe, the raw material drying device is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is positioned above the feed hopper; the rotary carbonization furnace is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the rotary carbonization furnace and the horizontal plane is 5-30 degrees, and the feeding end of the rotary carbonization furnace is higher than the discharging end of the rotary carbonization furnace; the combustion heater is arranged in parallel with the rotary carbonization furnace; the combustible residual gas pipe is communicated with the fermentation device.
The raw materials used by the dry-burning carbonization device enter a feed hopper of the dry-burning carbonization device through a discharge port of the raw material drying device and then enter a rotary carbonization furnace for rotary carbonization; carbon powder generated after the material is carbonized in the rotary carbonization furnace enters the cooling pipe through the discharge hopper and then enters the multi-stage water cooling system for cooling, and intermediate product carbon powder is obtained.
The rotary carbonization furnace is characterized in that combustible residual gas generated after materials are carbonized in the rotary carbonization furnace enters a cyclone dust collector of the combustible residual gas recovery device through a pipeline to remove dust, enters a pressure stabilizing tank under the action of a high-temperature fan, enters a combustion heater of the dry combustion carbonization device together with biogas generated by fermentation of livestock and poultry feces in the fermentation device through a combustible residual gas pipe, heats the rotary carbonization furnace through combustion, and promotes carbonization of the materials in the rotary carbonization furnace.
The tail gas purification system comprises a tail gas pipe, a tail gas inlet pipe, a vertical heat pipe of a heat exchanger, a tail gas outlet pipe, a fan, a first spray tower, a second spray tower, a purification tower, a transverse cold pipe of the heat exchanger and a chimney which are connected in sequence; the vertical heat exchange heat pipes are connected through bent pipes; the transverse cold pipes comprise a plurality of transverse heat exchange cold pipes which are connected through bent pipes.
When the tail gas purification system is used, combustion tail gas enters the vertical heat pipes of the heat exchanger from the tail gas inlet pipe, the vertical heat pipes and the transverse cold pipes are arranged in a vertical and crossed mode, heat exchange is carried out between the vertical heat pipes and the transverse cold pipes, and the tail gas in the vertical heat pipes is cooled for one time; under the action of a fan, tail gas enters a first spray tower, and is cleaned and cooled for the second time; then the tail gas enters a second spray tower, and the tail gas is cleaned and cooled for three times; and the tail gas enters a purification tower, and the treated tail gas reaches the emission standard.
The multi-stage water cooling system comprises a tank body connected with a cooling pipe, the tank body is communicated with a cooling tower through an external circulating cooling pipe, the tank body is divided into a first area, a second area, a third area, a fourth area and a fifth area which are sequentially communicated through a first partition plate, a second partition plate, a third partition plate and a fourth partition plate, and a cooling hopper, a first spiral feeder, a second spiral feeder, a third spiral feeder, a fourth spiral feeder, a fifth spiral feeder, a sixth spiral feeder and a discharge port which are sequentially connected are arranged in the tank body; the cooling hopper is positioned at the water inlet end of the circulating cooling pipe, and the discharge port is positioned at the water outlet end of the circulating cooling pipe; the second spiral feeder penetrates through a fourth partition plate, the third spiral feeder penetrates through the third partition plate, the fourth spiral feeder penetrates through the second partition plate, the fifth spiral feeder penetrates through the first partition plate, and the sixth spiral feeder penetrates through the side wall of the tank body; the cooling hopper is connected with the cooling pipe. Furthermore, the first area, the second area, the third area, the fourth area and the fifth area are sequentially connected end to end through end channels; the first screw feeder, the second screw feeder, the third screw feeder, the fourth screw feeder, the fifth screw feeder and the sixth screw feeder are all obliquely arranged; the included angle between the first spiral feeder, the second spiral feeder, the third spiral feeder, the fourth spiral feeder, the fifth spiral feeder and the sixth spiral feeder and the horizontal plane is 35-55 degrees; the first screw feeder, the second screw feeder, the third screw feeder, the fourth screw feeder, the fifth screw feeder and the sixth screw feeder are connected through vertical connecting pipes.
The cell body communicate with the cooling tower through outside circulative cooling pipe, the cooling fill is located circulative cooling pipe's the end of intaking, the discharge gate is located circulative cooling pipe's play water end, the water after the cooling is fought from the cooling and is got into the cell body, pass through the fifth region in proper order, the fourth region, the third region, the second region and first region, to first spiral feeder, the second spiral feeder, the third spiral feeder, the fourth spiral feeder, the fifth spiral feeder, the material in the sixth spiral feeder cools off, absorb the heat of material away, the water of high temperature gets into circulative cooling pipe and reaches the cooling tower and cools off, the water after the cooling gets into the cell body once more through circulative cooling pipe, cool off the material.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following remarkable advantages: the utility model directly utilizes combustible residual gas generated by carbonizing the agricultural and forestry waste materials and methane generated by fermenting the livestock and poultry manure through an autonomously designed comprehensive utilization method, and the combustible residual gas and the methane are used for heating the carbonization furnace and are used as heat sources for carbonizing the materials. Meanwhile, the utility model reuses the high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion, and the tail gas is used for heating and drying materials and is used as a heat source for drying raw materials. And the tail gas purification system is used for cooling for multiple times and cleaning for multiple times, so that the emission standard is finally reached, and the tail gas purification system is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The utility model aims at the high-temperature carbon powder generated by carbonizing the material in the dry-burning carbonizing device 1, and the high-temperature carbon powder is cooled for multiple times in multiple stages through a multi-stage water cooling system, so that the carbon powder is convenient to reuse. The carbon powder is only an intermediate product, and the carbon powder and biogas residues generated after the fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure are sent to a mixer to be mixed according to the proportion, and other required elements can be added to prepare the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner is the final product of the utility model. The utility model can comprehensively utilize agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure as resources, finally forms a single product, namely the soil conditioner, and has the beneficial effects of energy conservation and high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dry-burning carbonization device, a combustible residual gas recovery device, a raw material drying device and a tail gas purification system of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the multistage water cooling system of the present invention 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-stage water cooling system of the present invention, FIG. 2;
in the figure, 1 is a dry combustion carbonization device, 2 is a combustible residual gas recovery device, 3 is a raw material drying device, 4 is a feed hopper, 5 is a rotary carbonization furnace, 6 is a discharge hopper, 7 is a combustion heater, 8 is a cooling pipe, 9 is a cyclone dust collector, 10 is a high-temperature fan, 11 is a pressure stabilizing tank, 12 is a combustible residual gas pipe, 13 is a hot tail gas pipe, 14 is a drying bent pipe, 15 is a tail gas pipe, 16 is a discharge port, 17 is a tail gas inlet pipe, 18 is a heat exchanger, 19 is a tail gas outlet pipe, 20 is a fan, 21 is a first spray tower, 22 is a second spray tower, 23 is a purifying tower, 24 is a chimney, 25 is a vertical heat pipe, 26 is a transverse cooling pipe, 27 is a tank body, 28 is a circulating cooling pipe, 29 is a cooling tower, 30 is a first clapboard, 31 is a second clapboard, 32 is a third clapboard, 33 is a fourth clapboard, 34 is a first area, 35 is a second area, 36 is a third area, 37 is a fourth area, Reference numeral 38 denotes a fifth zone, 39 denotes a cooling hopper, 40 denotes a first screw feeder, 41 denotes a second screw feeder, 42 denotes a third screw feeder, 43 denotes a fourth screw feeder, 44 denotes a fifth screw feeder, 45 denotes a sixth screw feeder, 46 denotes a discharge port, and 47 denotes a vertical connecting pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The utility model relates to a method for recycling and comprehensively utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps:
1) crushing agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like by a crusher, drying the crushed materials in a raw material drying device 3, carbonizing the dried materials in a dry burning carbonization device 1, and cooling carbonized carbon powder in a multi-stage water cooling system to obtain intermediate product carbon powder;
2) the livestock and poultry manure in the collecting tank is sent to a fermentation device for fermentation to generate methane and intermediate product methane slag;
3) combustible residual gas generated by material carbonization and methane generated by fermentation are recycled by the combustible residual gas recycling device 2 to heat the carbonization furnace and serve as heat sources for material carbonization; high-temperature tail gas generated after combustible residual gas and methane are combusted enters the raw material drying device 3 to be recycled, so that the materials are heated and dried to be used as a heat source for drying the raw materials;
4) the tail gas enters a tail gas purification system to be subjected to repeated cooling and repeated cleaning and purification operations, so that the tail gas reaches the emission standard;
5) and conveying the intermediate product carbon powder and the biogas residues into a mixer, mixing according to a proportion, feeding the uniformly mixed mixture into a granulator to prepare granules, feeding the granules into a granule dryer to dry, and then feeding the granules into a finished product packaging machine to pack to prepare the soil conditioner.
The dry-burning carbonization device 1, the combustible residual gas recovery device 2 and the raw material drying device 3 have the following structures:
the dry-burning carbonization device 1 comprises a feed hopper 4, a rotary carbonization furnace 5 and a discharge hopper 6 which are connected in sequence, wherein a combustion heater 7 is arranged below the rotary carbonization furnace 5, and the discharge hopper 6 is connected with a multi-stage water cooling system through a cooling pipe 8; the combustible residual gas recovery device 2 comprises a cyclone dust collector 9, a high-temperature fan 10 and a pressure stabilizing tank 11 which are sequentially connected, wherein the cyclone dust collector 9 is connected with the discharge hopper 6 through a pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing tank 11 is connected with the combustion heater 7 through a combustible residual gas pipe 12; a drying bent pipe 14 is arranged in the raw material drying device 3, one end of the drying bent pipe 14 is connected with the dry burning carbonization device 1 through a hot tail gas pipe 13, the other end of the drying bent pipe 14 is connected with a tail gas purification system through a tail gas pipe 15, the raw material drying device 3 is provided with a discharge port 16, and the discharge port 16 is positioned above the feed hopper 4; the rotary carbonization furnace 5 is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the rotary carbonization furnace 5 and the horizontal plane is 5-30 degrees, and the feeding end of the rotary carbonization furnace 5 is higher than the discharging end of the rotary carbonization furnace 5; the combustion heater 7 is arranged in parallel with the rotary carbonization furnace 5; the combustible waste gas pipe 12 is communicated with a fermentation device.
The use method of the dry-burning carbonization device 1 is as follows:
the raw materials used by the dry-burning carbonization device 1 enter a feed hopper 4 of the dry-burning carbonization device 1 through a discharge port 16 of the raw material drying device 3 and then enter a rotary carbonization furnace 5 for rotary carbonization; the rotary carbonization furnace 5 adopts the carbonization furnace product in the prior art, and the carbon powder generated after the material is carbonized by the rotary carbonization furnace 5 enters the cooling pipe 8 through the discharge hopper 6 and then enters the multistage water cooling system for cooling, so that the intermediate product carbon powder is obtained.
The use method of the combustible residual gas recovery device 2 is as follows:
combustible residual gas generated after the material is carbonized in the rotary carbonization furnace 5 enters the cyclone dust collector 9 of the combustible residual gas recovery device 2 through a pipeline to remove dust, enters the surge tank 11 under the action of the high-temperature fan 10, enters the combustion heater 7 of the dry combustion carbonization device 1 together with biogas generated by fermentation of livestock and poultry feces in the fermentation device through the combustible residual gas pipe 12, heats the rotary carbonization furnace 5 through combustion, and promotes carbonization of the material in the rotary carbonization furnace 5.
The method is adopted to recycle the combustible residual gas after the material carbonization and the methane generated by fermentation, and the combustible residual gas and the methane are used as one of heat sources for material carbonization, so that the cost is reduced. Combustible residual gas and biogas generated by fermentation are burnt, and generated high-temperature tail gas enters the drying bent pipe 14 of the raw material drying device 3 through the hot tail gas pipe 13, the raw materials are dried through the hot tail gas, the used tail gas enters the tail gas pipe 15, and the tail gas pipe 15 is connected with an external tail gas purification system. By adopting the structural design, the combustible residual gas and the high-temperature tail gas generated after the methane is combusted are recycled and used as one of heat sources for drying raw materials, so that the cost is reduced.
Secondly, the structure of the tail gas purification system is as follows:
the tail gas purification system comprises a tail gas pipe 15, a tail gas inlet pipe 17, a vertical heat pipe 25 of a heat exchanger 18, a tail gas outlet pipe 19, a fan 20, a first spray tower 21, a second spray tower 22, a purification tower 23, a transverse cold pipe 26 of the heat exchanger 18 and a chimney 24 which are connected in sequence; the vertical heat pipes 25 comprise a plurality of vertical heat exchange heat pipes which are connected through bent pipes; the transverse cold pipes 26 comprise a plurality of transverse heat exchange cold pipes which are connected through bent pipes.
The application method of the tail gas purification system comprises the following steps:
when the tail gas purification system is used, combustion tail gas enters the vertical heat pipes 25 of the heat exchanger 18 from the tail gas inlet pipe 17, the vertical heat pipes 25 and the transverse cold pipes 26 are arranged in a vertical and crossed mode, the vertical heat pipes 25 exchange heat with the transverse cold pipes 26, and the tail gas in the vertical heat pipes 25 is cooled for the first time; under the action of the fan 20, the tail gas enters the first spray tower 21, and the tail gas is cleaned and cooled for the second time; then the tail gas enters a second spray tower 22, and the tail gas is cleaned and cooled for three times; the tail gas enters the purifying tower 23 and reaches the emission standard after being treated.
By adopting the method, the treated gas enters the transverse cold pipe 26 of the heat exchanger 18, and the gas temperature is lower, so that the heat of the combustion tail gas in the vertical heat pipes 25 can be absorbed, and the tail gas in the vertical heat pipes 25 is cooled once. Eventually, the gas that meets emission standards is discharged from the stack 24. The chimney 24 adopts a high-altitude discharge mode, so that the temperature of the gas can be reduced for four times in the rising process, and the safe discharge of the gas is not influenced. The utility model relates to a purification system designed for combustion tail gas and a use method thereof, which are used for cooling the tail gas for multiple times and cleaning and purifying the tail gas for multiple times, and finally reach the emission standard. Meanwhile, the heat exchanger 18 is specially designed, the vertical heat pipes 25 and the transverse cold pipes 26 are arranged in a vertical and crossed mode, and the vertical heat pipes 25 exchange heat with the transverse cold pipes 26 to cool tail gas in the vertical heat pipes 25. By adopting the structure, the temperature of tail gas entering the fan 20 and the first spray tower 21 is prevented from being too high, the equipment is prevented from being damaged by the too high temperature, the service life of the equipment is prolonged, and the use cost of the purification system is reduced. Moreover, the high-temperature combustion tail gas is cooled for the first time through the processed low-temperature gas, and the cooling cost is reduced through the ingenious structural design on the basis of not influencing the safe emission of the gas.
Thirdly, the structure of the multistage water cooling system is as follows:
the multi-stage water cooling system comprises a tank body 27 connected with the cooling pipe 8, the tank body 27 is communicated with a cooling tower 29 through an external circulating cooling pipe 28, the tank body 27 is divided into a first area 34, a second area 35, a third area 36, a fourth area 37 and a fifth area 38 which are sequentially communicated through a first partition plate 30, a second partition plate 31, a third partition plate 32 and a fourth partition plate 33, and a cooling hopper 39, a first spiral feeder 40, a second spiral feeder 41, a third spiral feeder 42, a fourth spiral feeder 43, a fifth spiral feeder 44, a sixth spiral feeder 45 and a discharge port 46 which are sequentially connected are arranged in the tank body 27; the cooling hopper 39 is positioned at the water inlet end of the circulating cooling pipe 28, and the discharge hole 46 is positioned at the water outlet end of the circulating cooling pipe 28; the second screw feeder 41 passes through the fourth partition 33, the third screw feeder 42 passes through the third partition 32, the fourth screw feeder 43 passes through the second partition 31, the fifth screw feeder 44 passes through the first partition 30, and the sixth screw feeder 45 passes through the side wall of the tank body 27; the cooling bucket 39 is connected to the cooling pipe 8. The first area 34, the second area 35, the third area 36, the fourth area 37 and the fifth area 38 are sequentially connected end to end through end channels; the first screw feeder 40, the second screw feeder 41, the third screw feeder 42, the fourth screw feeder 43, the fifth screw feeder 44, and the sixth screw feeder 45 are all disposed obliquely; the included angles between the first screw feeder 40, the second screw feeder 41, the third screw feeder 42, the fourth screw feeder 43, the fifth screw feeder 44 and the sixth screw feeder 45 and the horizontal plane are 35-55 degrees; the first screw feeder 40, the second screw feeder 41, the third screw feeder 42, the fourth screw feeder 43, the fifth screw feeder 44, and the sixth screw feeder 45 are connected to each other by a vertical connection pipe 47.
The use method of the multi-stage water cooling system comprises the following steps:
the tank body 27 is communicated with the cooling tower 29 through the external circulating cooling pipe 28, the cooling hopper 39 is positioned at the water inlet end of the circulating cooling pipe 28, the discharge port 46 is positioned at the water outlet end of the circulating cooling pipe 28, the cooled water body enters the tank body 27 from the cooling hopper 39, sequentially passes through the fifth area 38, the fourth area 37, the third area 36, the second area 35 and the first area 34, cools materials in the first spiral feeder 40, the second spiral feeder 41, the third spiral feeder 42, the fourth spiral feeder 43, the fifth spiral feeder 44 and the sixth spiral feeder 45, absorbs the amount of the materials, the high-temperature water body enters the circulating cooling pipe 28 to reach the cooling tower 29 for cooling, and the cooled water body enters the tank body 27 again through the circulating cooling pipe 28 to cool the materials.
By adopting the method, the operation time of the materials in the tank body 28 is increased, the materials can be cooled more sufficiently, and the cooled materials are discharged from the discharge hole 46. The multistage water cooling system has the beneficial effects that the multistage water cooling system can cool materials for multiple times and has a good cooling effect.
And fourthly, conveying the intermediate product carbon powder and the biogas residues into a mixer, mixing according to a proportion, feeding the uniformly mixed mixture into a granulator to prepare granules, feeding the granules into a granule dryer to dry, and then feeding the granules into a finished product packaging machine to package to prepare the soil conditioner.
The final purpose of the utility model is to carry out resource comprehensive utilization on the agricultural and forestry wastes and the livestock and poultry manure, the conventional method generates various products comprising carbon powder, methane, biological fertilizer and the like, the method is not beneficial to comprehensive utilization, and the single product is always lost and cannot generate benefit. The utility model directly utilizes combustible residual gas generated by carbonizing the agricultural and forestry waste materials and methane generated by fermenting the livestock and poultry manure through an autonomously designed comprehensive utilization method, and the combustible residual gas and the methane are used for heating the carbonization furnace and are used as heat sources for carbonizing the materials. Meanwhile, the utility model reuses the high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion, and the tail gas is used for heating and drying materials and is used as a heat source for drying raw materials. And the tail gas purification system is used for cooling for multiple times and cleaning for multiple times, so that the emission standard is finally reached, and the tail gas purification system is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
The utility model aims at the high-temperature carbon powder generated by carbonizing the material in the dry-burning carbonizing device 1, and the high-temperature carbon powder is cooled for multiple times in multiple stages through a multi-stage water cooling system, so that the carbon powder is convenient to reuse. The carbon powder is only an intermediate product, and the carbon powder and biogas residues generated after the fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure are sent to a mixer to be mixed according to the proportion, and other required elements can be added to prepare the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner is the final product of the utility model. The utility model can comprehensively utilize agriculture and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure as resources, finally forms a single product, namely the soil conditioner, and has the beneficial effects of energy saving and high efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. A method for recycling and comprehensively utilizing agricultural and forestry wastes and livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) crushing agricultural and forestry wastes such as rice straws and the like by a crusher, drying the crushed materials in a raw material drying device (3), carbonizing the dried materials in a dry burning carbonizing device (1), and cooling the carbonized carbon powder in a multi-stage water cooling system to obtain an intermediate product carbon powder;
2) the livestock and poultry manure in the collecting tank is sent to a fermentation device for fermentation to generate methane and intermediate product methane slag;
3) combustible residual gas generated by material carbonization and methane generated by fermentation are recycled by a combustible residual gas recycling device (2) to heat the carbonization furnace and serve as heat sources for material carbonization; high-temperature tail gas generated after combustible residual gas and methane are combusted enters a raw material drying device (3) for recycling, heating and drying the materials, and the high-temperature tail gas is used as a heat source for drying the raw materials;
4) the tail gas enters a tail gas purification system to be subjected to repeated cooling and repeated cleaning and purification operations, so that the tail gas reaches the emission standard;
5) and conveying the intermediate product carbon powder and the biogas residues into a mixer, mixing according to a proportion, feeding the uniformly mixed mixture into a granulator to prepare granules, feeding the granules into a granule dryer to dry, and then feeding the granules into a finished product packaging machine to pack to prepare the soil conditioner.
2. The method for recycling comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the dry-burning carbonization device (1) comprises a feed hopper (4), a rotary carbonization furnace (5) and a discharge hopper (6) which are connected in sequence, wherein a combustion heater (7) is arranged below the rotary carbonization furnace (5), and the discharge hopper (6) is connected with a multi-stage water cooling system through a cooling pipe (8); the combustible residual gas recovery device (2) comprises a cyclone dust collector (9), a high-temperature fan (10) and a pressure stabilizing tank (11) which are sequentially connected, the cyclone dust collector (9) is connected with the discharge hopper (6) through a pipeline, and the pressure stabilizing tank (11) is connected with the combustion heater (7) through a combustible residual gas pipe (12); a drying bent pipe (14) is arranged in the raw material drying device (3), one end of the drying bent pipe (14) is connected with the dry burning carbonization device (1) through a hot tail gas pipe (13), the other end of the drying bent pipe (14) is connected with a tail gas purification system through a tail gas pipe (15), the raw material drying device (3) is provided with a discharge hole (16), and the discharge hole (16) is positioned above the feed hopper (4); the rotary carbonization furnace (5) is obliquely arranged, the included angle between the rotary carbonization furnace (5) and the horizontal plane is 5-30 degrees, and the feed end of the rotary carbonization furnace (5) is higher than the discharge end of the rotary carbonization furnace (5); the combustion heater (7) is arranged in parallel with the rotary carbonization furnace (5); the combustible residual gas pipe (12) is communicated with the fermentation device.
3. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the raw materials used by the dry-burning carbonization device (1) enter a feed hopper (4) of the dry-burning carbonization device (1) through a discharge hole (16) of the raw material drying device (3) and then enter a rotary carbonization furnace (5) for rotary carbonization; carbon powder generated after the material is carbonized in the rotary carbonization furnace (5) enters a cooling pipe (8) through a discharge hopper (6) and then enters a multi-stage water cooling system for cooling, and intermediate product carbon powder is obtained.
4. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the rotary type carbonization furnace (5) the carbonization material after the combustible residual gas that produces gets into cyclone (9) of combustible residual gas recovery unit (2) through the pipeline and removes dust, get into surge tank (11) under the effect of high temperature fan (10), get into combustion heater (7) of dry combustion carbonization device (1) through combustible residual gas pipe (12) together with the marsh gas that the dirty fermentation of beasts and birds excrement produced in the fermenting installation, heat rotary type carbonization furnace (5) through burning, promote the carbomorphism of material in rotary type carbonization furnace (5).
5. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tail gas purification system comprises a tail gas pipe (15), a tail gas inlet pipe (17), a vertical heat pipe (25) of a heat exchanger (18), a tail gas outlet pipe (19), a fan (20), a first spray tower (21), a second spray tower (22), a purification tower (23), a transverse cold pipe (26) of the heat exchanger (18) and a chimney (24) which are connected in sequence; the vertical heat pipes (25) comprise a plurality of vertical heat exchange heat pipes which are connected through bent pipes; the transverse cold pipes (26) comprise a plurality of transverse heat exchange cold pipes which are connected through bent pipes.
6. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: when the tail gas purification system is used, combustion tail gas enters the vertical heat pipes (25) of the heat exchanger (18) from the gas inlet and outlet pipes (17), the vertical heat pipes (25) and the transverse cold pipes (26) are arranged in a vertical and crossed mode, the vertical heat pipes (25) exchange heat with the transverse cold pipes (26), and the tail gas in the vertical heat pipes (25) is cooled for the first time; under the action of a fan (20), tail gas enters a first spray tower (21) and is cleaned and cooled for the second time; then the tail gas enters a second spray tower (22) to be cleaned and cooled for three times; the tail gas enters a purification tower (23) and reaches the emission standard after being treated.
7. The method for recycling comprehensive utilization of agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the multi-stage water cooling system comprises a tank body (27) connected with a cooling pipe (8), the tank body (27) is communicated with a cooling tower (29) through an external circulating cooling pipe (28), the tank body (27) is divided into a first area (34), a second area (35), a third area (36), a fourth area (37) and a fifth area (38) which are sequentially connected and communicated through a first partition plate (30), a second partition plate (31), a third partition plate (32) and a fourth partition plate (33), and a cooling hopper (39), a first spiral feeder (40), a second spiral feeder (41), a third spiral feeder (42), a fourth spiral feeder (43), a fifth spiral feeder (44), a sixth spiral feeder (45) and a discharge hole (46) which are sequentially connected are arranged in the tank body (27); the cooling hopper (39) is positioned at the water inlet end of the circulating cooling pipe (28), and the discharge hole (46) is positioned at the water outlet end of the circulating cooling pipe (28); the second spiral feeder (41) penetrates through a fourth partition plate (33), the third spiral feeder (42) penetrates through a third partition plate (32), the fourth spiral feeder (43) penetrates through the second partition plate (31), the fifth spiral feeder (44) penetrates through the first partition plate (30), and the sixth spiral feeder (45) penetrates through the side wall of the tank body (27); the cooling hopper (39) is connected with the cooling pipe (8).
8. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the first area (34), the second area (35), the third area (36), the fourth area (37) and the fifth area (38) are sequentially connected end to end through end channels; the first screw feeder (40), the second screw feeder (41), the third screw feeder (42), the fourth screw feeder (43), the fifth screw feeder (44) and the sixth screw feeder (45) are all obliquely arranged; the included angle between the first spiral feeder (40), the second spiral feeder (41), the third spiral feeder (42), the fourth spiral feeder (43), the fifth spiral feeder (44) and the sixth spiral feeder (45) and the horizontal plane is 35-55 degrees; the first screw feeder (40), the second screw feeder (41), the third screw feeder (42), the fourth screw feeder (43), the fifth screw feeder (44) and the sixth screw feeder (45) are connected through a vertical connecting pipe (47).
9. The method for recycling agricultural and forestry waste and livestock and poultry manure according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that: the tank body (27) is communicated with a cooling tower (29) through an external circulating cooling pipe (28), a cooling hopper (39) is positioned at a water inlet end of the circulating cooling pipe (28), a discharge hole (46) is positioned at a water outlet end of the circulating cooling pipe (28), a cooled water body enters the tank body (27) from the cooling hopper (39), sequentially passes through materials in a fifth area (38), a fourth area (37), a third area (36), a second area (35) and a first area (34), and is cooled by a first spiral feeder (40), a second spiral feeder (41), a third spiral feeder (42), a fourth spiral feeder (43), a fifth spiral feeder (44) and a sixth spiral feeder (45) to absorb heat of the materials, the high-temperature water body enters the circulating cooling pipe (28) to reach the cooling tower (29) for cooling, and the cooled water body enters the tank body (27) again through the circulating cooling pipe (28), and cooling the materials.
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| CN109534636A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-29 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of production system that waste straw is utilized with livestock and poultry feces integrated treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109534636A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-29 | 湖北金日生态能源股份有限公司 | A kind of production system that waste straw is utilized with livestock and poultry feces integrated treatment |
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