CN101813316B - Municipal sludge drying and incineration system and treatment process thereof - Google Patents
Municipal sludge drying and incineration system and treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101813316B CN101813316B CN 201010149945 CN201010149945A CN101813316B CN 101813316 B CN101813316 B CN 101813316B CN 201010149945 CN201010149945 CN 201010149945 CN 201010149945 A CN201010149945 A CN 201010149945A CN 101813316 B CN101813316 B CN 101813316B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- incinerator
- drier
- drying
- communicated
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011499 joint compounds Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environment-protective process, relate in particular to a kind of municipal sludge drying and incineration system and treatment process thereof.
Background technology
Currently sludge Disposal is mainly contained landfill, burning, soil utilization both at home and abroad.The mud landfill takies a large amount of soils, the percolate of generation gentle cognition severe contamination underground water and atmosphere.When utilizing, the soil, will be detrimental to health and animal and plant growth owing to contain pathogen, parasitic ovum, heavy metal and multiple biodegradable organic compounds in the mud.Burning is to realize sewage sludge harmlessness, minimizing, stabilisation means the most completely, shared ratio improves year by year in Treatment of Sludge is disposed, and has become the major technique that developed country adopts, but its technology and equipment investment is big, operating cost height, high-temperature flue gas fail to make full use of.Some resource technologies that occur recent years are also too high because of processing cost, and some technology still is in the laboratory research stage, are difficult to large-scale promotion application in the actual production.
Handle from domestic and international city sewage and sludge and to dispose present situation, drying technique is with fastest developing speed, be suitable for the extensive minimizing of mud most.And how effectively that water capacity is high sludge drying makes it stable and be the common difficulty that present countries in the world face as a kind of resource.
At present, drying sludge company of family surplus the whole world nearly 50.Italy turbine device and technology company (VOMM), Austrian An Deli thatch company (Andritz), Dutch model are stepped on the dry technology that Brooker company develops and are widely used at mud and moist garbage disposal field, numerous abroad sewage treatment plant's successful Application many decades.
Domestic in China, the favourable at present waste heat with power plant's low-temperature flue gas carries out sludge drying (for example application number is 200510048978.6,200510049554.1,200510049556.0,200510050634.9,200510050701.7 Chinese patent), and utilizes CFBB (for example application number is 200510011942.0,200510077292.X, 200510038416.3,93242549.6,200610037604.9 Chinese patent) wet mud to be carried out the report of direct burning disposal.The former need take a large amount of occupations of land, and disposing capacity is low, and the stable operation of power plant is influenced to some extent; The latter seems simply, but through measuring and calculating, will directly influence the about 5-6% of boiler operating efficiency, and causes position dust stratification such as boiler heating surface and corrosion to strengthen, and disposal costs is higher, does not consider that as yet boiler attendance cost and efficient reduce the expense increase that brings.
Generally speaking, domestic sludge incineration treatment system complexity, operating procedure condition harshness, investment operating cost is higher, and device therefor is single, and integrated degree is low, and system reliability is not strong, and there are the following problems: the heat transfer efficiency of (1) sludge dry system is low; (2) mud viscosity is big, the sticking wall problem that is prone in drying process; (3) sludge drying needs additional energy source, and energy consumption is bigger; (4) secondary pollution that is prone in the sludge anhydration burning process; (5) pollution of tail gas is wayward in the active sludge carbon preparation.For example Chinese patent 200510111467.4 has provided a kind of sludge drying and burning process and system and device thereof, be applicable to the processing of municipal sewage plant's activated sludge, technological process process: wet mud feed bin, weighing hopper, sludge mixer, sludge drier, granular separator, cooler, mummification product bunker, incinerator, smoke eliminator, described incinerator adopts the bubbling fluidized bed incinerator, the incinerator afterbody is furnished with economizer, air preheater, burn the high-temperature flue gas that is produced and be used for heating conduction oil and cold air respectively, the conduction oil after being heated is delivered to sludge drier dry wet mud by circulating pump.Because it adopts the conduction oil indirect heat exchange, to passing through secondary heat exchange with the mud heat exchange, has not only reduced the mummification efficient of system from flue gas, has increased energy consumption; And increased devices such as waste heat boiler, conduction oil station, cause that system investment is big, structure is more complicated, also increased workman's operation easier.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the energy consumption height that present municipal sludge treatment system exists, secondary pollution is arranged, complex disposal process, problems such as fault rate height, provide a kind of and have system's formation simply, sludge handling process less energy consumption, non-secondary pollution, the municipal sludge drying and incineration system and the treatment process thereof of advantages such as the entire process process is succinct, and fault rate is low.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of municipal sludge drying and incineration system, it comprises incinerator, the exhanst gas outlet of described incinerator is communicated with sludge drier; The outlet of sludge drier tail gas is communicated with heat exchanger and incinerator respectively, and heat exchanger is communicated with exhaust treatment system; The discharging opening one tunnel of sludge drier directly is communicated with incinerator, and another road is communicated with pyrolysis oven, and the pyrolysis oven discharging opening is communicated with active carbon exhaust treatment system and incinerator respectively.
Described sludge drier is for breaing up revolving drum drier, it comprises cylindrical shell, the upper and lower of cylindrical shell is respectively equipped with dewatered sludge import and dewatered sludge outlet, be provided with in the cylindrical shell and break up axle, break up axle and be provided with some groups perpendicular to the knife system of breaing up of breaing up axle, each group is broken up knife system and is made up of two parallel cuttves of breaing up in same plane, described each group break up two of knife system parallel break up between the cutter by some with break up the vertical and parallel each other crushing teeth of cutter and connect; Break up the two ends of axle and stretch out outside the cylindrical shell, and be supported in and break up on the bracing strut, an end of breaing up axle is provided with driving pulley.
A kind of treatment process of municipal sludge drying and incineration system may further comprise the steps:
1) moisture content is that the dewatered sludge of 70%-90% winches to the dewatered sludge feed bin by the dewatered sludge lifting machine from sludge sump, enter in the sludge drier by conveying worm or sludge pump, in bulk the putting of economy-combat broken up the back and realized drying-granulating from the direct contact heat-exchanging of the flue gas of incinerator in sludge drier again;
2) lead up to conveying worm or the drag conveyor in the sludge drier gained dewatered sludge sent into incinerator and burned in the step 1), send into sludge drier after high-temperature flue gas after the burning and the air mixing temperature adjustment, directly contact and carry out drying, effectively raise heat transfer efficiency with mud;
3) two warm area pyrolysis ovens are sent into by conveying worm in another road in the sludge drier gained dewatered sludge in the step 1), and dewatered sludge at first carries out pyrolysis charring at low-temperature space; Enter the high-temperature region then, this moment, activated gas entered in the pyrolysis oven by the air inlet that is located on the body of heater, and the low-temperature space pyrolysis product is activated the generation active carbon, and active carbon finished products is sent into the active carbon exhaust treatment system, pollutant in the absorption tail gas; The pyrolysis oven byproduct is that the gas that pyrolysis produces is sent into the incinerator burning, has both effectively utilized the combustible component of mud, avoids the pollution emission environment again;
4) tail gas of sludge drier extract one the tunnel with send into incinerator after combustion air mixes, this part gas not only can warm-up combustion-supporting air, and reduced the combustion zone oxygen concentration, and then combustion rate and flame temperature have been reduced, can improve burning indoor temperature temperature homogeneity, prevent hot-spot, therefore avoided the generation of fuel coking and high temperature modification NOx effectively;
5) another road of sludge drier tail gas connects heat exchanger, after treated tail gas heat exchange, enters exhaust treatment system again, and this step below the dew-point temperature, causes corrosion to equipment at it for fear of the exhaust temperature of handling; Discharge after the heat exchanger heat exchange through the tail gas that exhaust treatment system is handled.
Described step 2) in, it is 750-1300 ℃ that incinerator burns the high-temperature flue gas that produces, and stops 2-4 at least in the high-temperature region of incinerator and enters sludge drier after second, and this high-temperature flue gas is chilled to below 300 ℃ after entering; Its objective is that avoiding decomposing under the high temperature De bioxin synthesizes in cooling procedure once more, this method can be controlled the discharging of bioxin effectively.
Described flue gas quick cooling method is: wet mud enters to be broken up member behind the sludge drier and is broken for the particle that equivalent diameter is 2-15mm rapidly, and the cross section flow velocity is cooled to below 300 ℃ with the rapid heat exchange of wet mud granule at 0.5-5m/s in the control sludge drier.
In the described step 5), exhaust treatment system comprises activated carbon adsorber and alkali lye absorption tower.
The present invention has realized the partly self-supporting of the anhydration system energy, utilizes mud after the mummification to act as a fuel and burns, and the high-temperature flue gas that is produced directly provides the required energy for sludge drying.Dewatered sludge for more than needed can be used for the preparation of high value added products such as active sludge carbon.The present invention has realized that mummification power self-support rate reaches more than 80% not by the interpolation of external heat.
Wet mud does not have the direct drying technique of returning charge, adopts the directly reinforced drying technique of wet mud, the effect of breaing up member by dryer inner, realize that anhydration system moves quietly, avoid the revert system of the complexity that other mummification modes are adopted, reduced system's investment, improved equipment reliability;
Adopt the direct granulating technique of drying sludge, in the wet sludge anhydration process,, realize that drying particles is integrated by the effect that member is broken up in inside, directly obtain the graininess dewatered sludge, need not further granulation and promptly can be used for dewatered sludge burning and the preparation of sludge activity carbon.
The chilling technique of bioxin control in drying machine, in the wet sludge anhydration process, break up the member effect by dryer inner, wet mud is broken up particle into equivalent diameter 2-15mm rapidly, with speed be the high-temperature flue gas contact heat-exchanging of 0.5-5m/s, can realize high-temperature flue gas with by dewatered sludge high strength heat and mass transfer process, high-temperature flue gas can be chilled to rapidly below 300 ℃ by 850-1100 ℃, realizes that effectively the Dui bioxin generates control.
Adopt dried tail gas and combustion air mist to send into incinerator, not only can warm-up combustion-supporting air, and reduced the combustion zone oxygen concentration, and then combustion rate and flame temperature have been reduced, can improve burning indoor temperature temperature homogeneity, prevent hot-spot, therefore avoided the generation of fuel coking and high temperature modification NOx effectively;
The Preparation of Activated Carbon accessory substance utilize again and system's vent gas treatment in application, in process for preparing active carbon, can generate the high heating value byproduct of liquid gentle attitude simultaneously, byproduct is introduced the incinerator burning, effectively utilized the energy, and avoided secondary pollution.Activated carbon product is used for the processing of native system tail gas, demonstrates fully the advantage that the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another and technology are concentrated complete set.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. utilize high-temperature flue gas convection drying mud, solved the low technological difficulties of heat transfer efficiency of sludge dry system;
2. utilize the sludge drying can the anti-stick feature, it be big to solve mud viscosity, the sticking wall problem that is prone in drying process;
3. utilize the fluidized combustion feature, solve the partly self-supporting of the sludge drying energy, realize energy saving of system consumption reduction problem;
4. utilize the built-in chilling feature of system, solve the technological difficulties of the secondary pollution that in the sludge anhydration burning process, is prone to;
5. utilize active sludge carbon to prepare the reutilization technology of tail gas, solve the pollution control problem of tail gas in the active sludge carbon preparation;
6. system constitutes simply, and take up an area of and lack, small investment, operating cost is low, and operating process is simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process chart of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is for revolving drum drier and break up the member profile;
Fig. 4 be among Fig. 3 A-A to cutaway view;
Wherein, 1. incinerator, 2. sludge drier, 3. pyrolysis oven, 4. heat exchanger, 5. exhaust treatment system, 6. combustion chamber, 7. cyclone separator, 8. material returning device, 9. mud feed hopper, 10. dewatered sludge feed hopper, 11. mixing chambers, 12. gas distributing chamber, 13. dewatered sludge imports, 14. cylindrical shells, 15. break up cutter (crushing teeth support), 16. crushing teeths, 17. break up axle, 18. driving pulley, 19. break up bracing strut, the outlet of 20. dewatered sludges.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
Shown in Fig. 1-4, municipal sludge drying and incineration system, it comprises incinerator 1, the exhanst gas outlet of described incinerator 1 is communicated with sludge drier 2; The outlet of sludge drier 2 tail gas is communicated with heat exchanger 4 and incinerator 1 respectively, and heat exchanger 4 is communicated with exhaust treatment system 5; The discharging opening one tunnel of sludge drier 2 directly is communicated with incinerator 1, and another road is communicated with pyrolysis oven 3, and pyrolysis oven 3 discharging openings are communicated with exhaust treatment system 5 and incinerator 1 respectively.
Described sludge drier 2 is for breaing up revolving drum drier, it comprises cylindrical shell 14, the upper and lower of cylindrical shell 14 is respectively equipped with dewatered sludge import 13 and dewatered sludge outlet 20, be provided with in the cylindrical shell 14 and break up axle 17, break up axle 17 and be provided with some groups perpendicular to the knife system of breaing up of breaing up axle 17, each group is broken up knife system and is made up of two parallel cuttves 15 of breaing up in same plane, described each group break up two of knife system parallel break up between the cutter 15 by some with break up the vertical and parallel each other crushing teeth 16 of cutter 15 and connect; Break up axle 17 two ends and stretch out outside the cylindrical shell 14, and be supported in and break up on the bracing strut 19, an end of breaing up axle 17 is provided with driving pulley 18.
Incinerator 1 is a circulating fluidized bed incinerator.
A kind of treatment process of municipal sludge drying and incineration system may further comprise the steps:
1) moisture content is that the dewatered sludge of 70%-90% winches to dewatered sludge feed hopper 9 by the dewatered sludge lifting machine from sludge sump, enter in the sludge drier 2 by conveying worm or sludge pump, in bulk the putting of economy-combat broken up the back and realized drying-granulating from the direct contact heat-exchanging of the flue gas of incinerator 1 in sludge drier 2 again;
2) lead up to conveying worm or the drag conveyor in the sludge drier 2 gained dewatered sludges sent into dewatered sludge feed bin 10 in the step 1), sending into incinerator 1 through conveying device burns, send into sludge drier 2 after high-temperature flue gas after the burning and the air mixing temperature adjustment, directly contact and carry out drying, effectively raise heat transfer efficiency with mud;
3) two warm area pyrolysis ovens 3 are sent into by conveying worm in another road in the sludge drier 2 gained dewatered sludges in the step 1), and dewatered sludge at first carries out pyrolysis charring at low-temperature space; Enter the high-temperature region then, this moment, activated gas entered in the pyrolysis oven 3 by the air inlet that is located on the body of heater, the low-temperature space pyrolysis product is activated the generation active carbon, and active carbon finished products is sent into exhaust treatment system 5, and heavy metal ion in the absorption tail gas is with pollutants such as bioxin; The pyrolysis oven byproduct is that the gas that pyrolysis produces is sent into incinerator 1 burning, has both effectively utilized the combustible component of mud, avoids the pollution emission environment again.
4) tail gas of sludge drier 2 extracts one the tunnel and sends into gas distributing chamber 12 with combustion air after mixing chamber 11 mixes, gas distributing chamber 12 is drawn four branch roads, three one, two, three combustion-supporting gases wherein as fluidized bed incinerator 1, this part gas not only can warm-up combustion-supporting air, and combustion rate and flame temperature have been reduced, can improve temperature temperature homogeneity in the combustion chamber 5, prevent hot-spot, therefore avoid the generation of fuel coking and high temperature modification NOx effectively; An other branch road is introduced material returning device 8 as returning charge wind, and cyclone separator 7 isolated mud granules are sent into combustion chamber 6.NOx is the general name of oxynitrides, comprises NO and NO 2
5) another road of sludge drier 2 tail gas connects heat exchanger 4, after treated tail gas heat exchange, enters exhaust treatment system 5 again, and this step below the dew-point temperature, causes corrosion to equipment at it for fear of the exhaust temperature of handling; Discharge after heat exchanger 4 heat exchange through the tail gas that exhaust treatment system 5 is handled.
Described step 2) in, it is 750-1300 ℃ that incinerator 1 burns the high-temperature flue gas that produces, and stops 2-4 at least in the high-temperature region of incinerator 1 and enters sludge drier 2 after second, and this high-temperature flue gas is chilled to below 300 ℃ after entering.Its objective is that avoiding decomposing under the high temperature De bioxin synthesizes in cooling procedure once more, this method can be controlled the discharging of bioxin effectively.
Described flue gas quick cooling method is: wet mud enters sludge drier 2 back and is broken up member and be broken for the particle that equivalent diameter is 2-15mm rapidly, the cross section flow velocity is cooled to below 300 ℃ with the rapid heat exchange of wet mud granule at 0.5-5m/s in the control sludge drier 2.
In the described step 5), exhaust treatment system 5 comprises activated carbon adsorber and alkali lye absorption tower.
The present invention has realized the partly self-supporting of the anhydration system energy, utilizes mud after the mummification to act as a fuel and burns, and the high-temperature flue gas that is produced directly provides the required energy for sludge drying.Dewatered sludge for more than needed can be used for the preparation of high value added products such as active sludge carbon.The present invention has realized that mummification power self-support rate reaches more than 80% not by the interpolation of external heat.
Wet mud does not have the direct drying technique of returning charge, adopts the directly reinforced drying technique of wet mud, the effect of breaing up member by dryer inner, realize that anhydration system moves quietly, avoid the revert system of the complexity that other mummification modes are adopted, reduced system's investment, improved equipment reliability; Adopt the direct granulating technique of drying sludge, in the wet sludge anhydration process,, realize that drying particles is integrated by the effect that member is broken up in inside, directly obtain the graininess dewatered sludge, need not further granulation and promptly can be used for dewatered sludge burning and the preparation of sludge activity carbon.
Adopt dried tail gas and combustion air mist to send into incinerator, not only can warm-up combustion-supporting air, and reduced the combustion zone oxygen concentration, and then combustion rate and flame temperature have been reduced, can improve burning indoor temperature temperature homogeneity, prevent hot-spot, therefore avoided the generation of fuel coking and high temperature modification NOx effectively;
The chilling technique of bioxin control in drying machine, in the wet sludge anhydration process, break up the member effect by dryer inner, wet mud is broken up particle into equivalent diameter 2-15mm rapidly, with speed be the high-temperature flue gas contact heat-exchanging of 0.5-5m/s, can realize high-temperature flue gas with by dewatered sludge high strength heat and mass transfer process, high-temperature flue gas can be chilled to rapidly below 300 ℃ by 850-1100 ℃, realizes that effectively the Dui bioxin generates control.
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| CN102338389A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-02-01 | 上海电力学院 | Sewage and sludge joint treatment system |
| CN103244957A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-08-14 | 四川宇阳环境工程有限公司 | Integral treatment method for drying and incinerating sludge |
| CN102607043B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2014-08-06 | 浙江大学 | Method and device for synergetic stable incineration of sludge and solid waste and dioxin emission suppression |
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