CN113817274A - Light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, sound insulation pad and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, sound insulation pad and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113817274A
CN113817274A CN202111222736.XA CN202111222736A CN113817274A CN 113817274 A CN113817274 A CN 113817274A CN 202111222736 A CN202111222736 A CN 202111222736A CN 113817274 A CN113817274 A CN 113817274A
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sound insulation
parts
layer
composite material
rubber
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CN113817274B (en
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高纪明
熊昌义
颜渊巍
高玮
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Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
    • C08L23/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
    • C08L23/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/06—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/18—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general

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Abstract

The light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: butyl rubber: 5-20 parts of styrene elastomer: 5-20 parts of floating beads: 20-50 parts of a flame retardant: 10-50 parts of a plasticizer: 2-15 parts of inorganic filler: 20-200 parts of an auxiliary agent: 2-5 parts; the sound insulation pad comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing a light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a calendaring mode to form a three-layer structure in a compounding mode. The technical scheme adopts environment-friendly raw materials, the composite material comprises butyl rubber and styrene block copolymer which are all high molecular compounds with full-hydrocarbon structure, low VOC and no formaldehyde, and the halogen-free flame retardant is adopted, so that the smoke and smoke are low, the smoke and toxicity are low, and toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride and dioxin are not released during combustion; the floating beads, the inorganic filler and the like are natural materials, are environment-friendly and non-combustible.

Description

Light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, sound insulation pad and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a sound insulation composite material which is environment-friendly, light in weight, high in flexibility, good in sound insulation and vibration reduction performance and convenient to produce and install, a sound insulation pad using the sound insulation composite material and a preparation method of the sound insulation pad.
Background
At present, the high polymer sound insulation material applied to the field of rail transit mainly takes polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin as a base material, and contains phthalic acid plasticizer, antimony trioxide and inorganic filler so as to meet the performance requirements of flexibility, high flame retardance and high density of the material. The material is poor in environmental protection property due to the fact that a large amount of plasticizers, antimony trioxide and other flame retardants are required to be added, and cannot meet RoSH environmental protection instructions of European Union.
With the advancement of science and technology and the attention and importance of people on living comfort, environmental protection and health, excellent environmental protection, flame retardant property, flexibility and convenience for construction are basic requirements for sound insulation materials, higher requirements are provided for the selection of resin matrixes, flame retardants and fillers of the sound insulation materials, and high sound insulation property, good damping and vibration reduction property and light weight are the development directions of the sound insulation materials. However, the prior art always has certain problems in the aspects of environmental protection, flame retardance, flexibility and damping, the materials such as PVC, asphalt and the like which are commonly used in the past cannot meet the requirements, and part of the technology has high cost and cannot be widely used in large quantities. Another common problem is that in order to achieve better sound insulation, the prior art generally adopts a method of filling a large amount of inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, barium sulfate and the like with large density, which leads to the great increase of the density of the sound insulation material, and runs counter to the light weight requirement of the material for energy conservation and emission reduction.
The patent with the application number of 201910501200.8 discloses a wide-temperature-range flame-retardant environment-friendly sound-insulating material based on EVA modified polyurethane, which comprises polyurethane, EVA resin, hollow quartz fibers, expanded vermiculite, inorganic filler, a tackifier, a flame retardant and the like. The resin matrix selected by the method is a polar material, the hardness of the material is high, the flexibility of the prepared sound insulation material is poor, and in addition, a large amount of inorganic materials are added, so that the material density is high, and the light weight requirement is not met.
The patent with application number 201210199919.9 discloses a high density, fire-retardant type sound insulation pad of low smoke toxicity, the fire retardant of application relates to intumescent fire retardant among this technical scheme, but the resin base member of this material chooses polarity rubber such as chlorinated polyethylene and butadiene styrene rubber for use, the material hardness is great, and chlorinated polyethylene contains chlorine element moreover, have the release of the poisonous gas of hydrogen chloride when leading to its burning, can not satisfy the environmental protection requirement, a large amount of inorganic filler has been added in addition, lead to heavy weight, be not conform to the lightweight requirement.
The patent with the application number of 201110340796.1 discloses a sound insulation material, wherein polyethylene resin is used as matrix resin, and the sound insulation material can effectively reduce the material density and improve the sound insulation performance by adding hollow glass beads, so that the development direction of material light weight is met, but the material cost is too high, and the sound insulation material cannot be generally applied to the field of sound insulation materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings mentioned in the background technology, and provide a light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound-insulation composite material, a sound-insulation pad and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
butyl rubber: 5 to 20 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,
styrene-based elastomer: 5 to 20 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,
floating beads: 20 to 50 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,
flame retardant: 10 to 50 parts by weight of a surfactant,
plasticizer: 2 to 15 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,
inorganic filler: 20 to 200 parts by weight of a surfactant,
auxiliary agent: 2-5 parts;
the floating bead is subjected to surface treatment by a surface treatment agent, and the surface treatment agent comprises one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and bis- [ gamma- (triethoxy) propyl ] tetrasulfide. The butyl rubber has excellent heat resistance stability, chemical resistance stability and weather resistance, and good compatibility with styrene elastomers, and can obtain the sound insulation composite material with stable chemical properties.
The surface treatment agent is selected to carry out surface treatment on the floating beads, and the surface treatment agent is used for grafting on the surfaces of the floating beads, so that the lipophilicity of the floating beads and the compatibility of the floating beads and a polymer matrix can be improved.
Preferably, the butyl rubber is prepared by copolymerizing isobutene and isoprene. Isobutylene and isoprene are copolymerized, the obtained butyl rubber molecular chain has good flexibility, and the sound insulation pad prepared from the composite material is softer and convenient to mount. The butyl rubber molecular chain contains a great number of side methyl groups, the internal friction is large when the molecular chain moves, the damping loss factor is high, and the damping vibration attenuation performance of the sound insulation pad can be improved.
Preferably, the styrenic elastomer is a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and/or a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer. The styrene block copolymer has the same elasticity as rubber, has good flexibility and mechanical strength, has the thermoplastic property of plastics and has good processability; the styrene block copolymer has good high and low temperature resistance, the use temperature range is-40-120 ℃, and the working stability under extremely cold and high temperature states can be ensured.
Preferably, the floating beads are hollow spheres with the particle size of 40-1000 meshes. The hollow microspheres have thin and hollow walls, are in semi-vacuum in the cavities, only contain trace gas and can isolate the transmission of sound, the filling of the hollow structure microspheres can break the homogeneity and the uniformity in the sound insulation pad material, change the transmission path of the sound in the sound insulation pad, increase the reflection and refraction of the sound and increase the loss of the sound, thereby improving the sound insulation performance of the sound insulation pad; the hollow structure of the floating bead causes poor heat conductivity and has excellent heat preservation and heat insulation performance; in addition, the floating beads have high hardness, high strength and light weight, so that the weight of the material can be reduced, the light weight is realized, and the energy consumption is saved;
more preferably, the particle size of the floating beads is 200-800 meshes, when the mesh number is too small, the particle size of the floating beads is too large, the influence on the mechanical property of the material is large, and when the mesh number is too large, the particle size of the floating beads is too small, and the improvement effect on the sound insulation performance is not obvious.
Preferably, the floating bead chemical composition comprises silica and/or alumina.
Preferably, the surface treatment specifically comprises: drying the floating beads at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours, diluting the surface treating agent by using a solvent, adding the surface treating agent into the floating beads, stirring at the rotating speed of 400-800 r/min, heating to the temperature of 110-120 ℃, and continuously stirring for 20-30 minutes to obtain the floating beads after surface treatment.
Drying the floating beads at 110 ℃ of 105 ℃ to dry water, heating to 120 ℃ of 110 ℃ to evaporate the mixed solvent, wherein the boiling point of isopropanol is 82.4 ℃, the boiling point of toluene is 110.6 ℃, and the temperature range of 110-120 ℃ can be selected.
Preferably, the solvent of the surface treating agent is a mixed solution of isopropanol and toluene, the dilution with the solvent is to dilute the surface treating agent to 10%, and the addition of the surface treating agent to the floating beads is to add the surface treating agent in a spraying form under stirring.
The solvent selection needs to consider the solubility of the solvent to the surface treatment agent and the volatility of the subsequent solvent, and the isopropanol and toluene combined solvent is better comprehensively; the surface treatment agent is added in the form of spray to more uniformly cover the surface of the floating beads, thereby improving the uniformity of the surface treatment.
Preferably, the plasticizer is a paraffinic oil and/or a naphthenic oil. The paraffin oil and the naphthenic oil are selected preferably, so that the environment-friendly performance is better, and the density is low, thereby better meeting the light-weight requirement;
the flame retardant is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, melamine phosphate, melamine cyanurate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite and zinc borate.
The filler is an inorganic filler; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-3 parts of stearic acid and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
Under the same technical idea, the invention also provides a sound insulation pad, which comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a calendaring mode to form a three-layer structure in a compounding mode.
Preferably, the cladding layer comprises an aluminum plastic film and/or a reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer comprises glass fiber cloth and/or non-woven fabric.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation pad select an aluminum-plastic film and/or a reinforcing layer as a coating layer according to actual needs, the aluminum-plastic film has the function of improving the fireproof and heat insulation performance of the sound insulation material, and the reinforcing layer is glass fiber cloth or non-woven fabric, can improve the stability and tensile strength of the sound insulation material and is favorable for bonding.
Under the same technical idea, the invention also provides a preparation method of the sound insulation pad, which comprises the following steps:
(1) banburying: banburying the raw materials of the sound insulation composite material at 160-200 ℃ for 20-30min according to the proportion until the materials are mixed and plasticized uniformly;
(2) rolling: extruding, stretching and shaping the plasticized material to form a flat sound insulation rubber-plastic layer;
(3) compounding: unreeling the coating layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the sound-insulation rubber-plastic layer, and then rolling and compounding to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(4) cutting: and cutting edges and rolling the compounded material to obtain the sound insulation pad.
Banburying for 20-30min is the optimization of the composite material in the application, if the temperature is too low or the time is too short, the plasticizing degree and uniformity of the material are not enough, and if the temperature is too high or the time is too long, the high polymer is likely to be broken and degraded, so that the performance is affected.
Preferably, the banburying is performed in an internal mixer, and the calendering and compounding are performed in a calender.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) excellent environment-friendly flame retardance
The technical scheme adopts environment-friendly raw materials, the composite material comprises butyl rubber and styrene block copolymer which are all high molecular compounds with full-hydrocarbon structure, low VOC and no formaldehyde, and the halogen-free flame retardant is adopted, so that the smoke and smoke are low, the smoke and toxicity are low, and toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride and dioxin are not released during combustion; the floating beads, the inorganic filler and the like are natural materials, are environment-friendly and non-combustible.
(2) Excellent sound insulation and damping properties
On the one hand, inorganic heavy filler fills and does benefit to the material more closely knit, increase the reflection of sound on the surface, in addition, it has special hollow structure to float the pearl, be the semi-vacuum in the cavity, only trace gas, can completely cut off the propagation of sound, the inside homogeneity uniformity of sound insulating pad material can be broken in the packing of this kind of hollow structure microballon, change sound in the inside propagation path of sound insulating material, increase the scattering and the refraction of sound, increase the loss of sound, thereby improve the sound insulating pad's sound-proof performance. The butyl rubber molecular chain contains a great number of side methyl groups, the internal friction is large when the molecular chain moves, the damping loss factor is high, and the damping performance of the sound insulation pad can be improved.
(3) Excellent physical and mechanical properties
The butyl rubber and the styrene elastomer are both nonpolar materials, good compatibility can realize performance complementation, the butyl rubber has good molecular chain flexibility but lower strength, the styrene elastomer has a special styrene block copolymer, like countless nano rigid particles are uniformly dispersed in a flexible high molecular chain segment, the material is endowed with good elasticity, strength and high and low temperature resistance, the two elastomers have complementary performance, the material has good flexibility at the temperature of-40 ℃ to 120 ℃, the construction is convenient, the low temperature is not brittle, the high temperature does not flow, and the requirement of long-distance crossing of a high-speed railway from a high and cold area to a high temperature area is met. In addition, the two elastomers belonging to thermoplastic materials can be prepared by a simple extrusion process, and leftover materials can be recycled, so that the energy is saved and the environment is protected.
(4) Lightweight
The floating bead has a thin-wall hollow structure, is light in weight, can float on the water surface, and has the weight of only 400kg/m3To 750kg/m3The density of the sound insulation material can be effectively reduced, the weight is reduced, and the requirement of material light weight is met.
(5) Excellent additional properties
The sound insulation pad adopts a three-layer sandwich composite structure, the upper and lower coating layers freely select the aluminum plastic film and/or the enhancement layer to be compounded according to needs, the fireproof and heat insulation or tensile strength performance is improved, flexibility and changeability are realized, and the market application space of the sound insulation material is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
a light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
butyl rubber: 18 parts of (a) to (b),
styrene-based elastomer: 6 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
floating beads: 50 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
aluminum hydroxide: 40 parts of (a) to (b),
barium sulfate: 60 parts of (a) to (b),
naphthenic oil: 8 parts of (a) a mixture of (b),
stearic acid: 1 part of (A) and (B),
antioxidant: 1 part.
A sound insulation pad comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a rolling mode and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The preparation method of the lightweight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation pad comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the floating beads at 110 ℃ for 2 hours, diluting gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to 10 percent by using a mixed solvent of isopropanol and toluene (1:1), adding the diluted gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a spraying mode under a stirring state, stirring at a rotating speed of 600r/min, heating to 110 ℃, and continuously stirring for 20min to obtain floating beads after surface treatment;
(2) weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(3) extruding the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (2) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender and properly stretching and shaping to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 5 mm;
(4) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(5) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Example 2
A light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
butyl rubber: 15 parts of (a) to (b),
styrene-based elastomer: 9 parts of (a) to (b),
floating beads: 40 parts of (a) to (b),
aluminum hypophosphite: 40 parts of (a) to (b),
barium sulfate: 70 parts of (a) to (b),
naphthenic oil: 10 parts of (a) to (b),
auxiliary agent: and 2 parts.
A sound insulation pad comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a rolling mode and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The preparation method of the lightweight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation pad comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the floating beads at 110 ℃ for 2 hours, diluting gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to 10 percent by using a mixed solvent of isopropanol and toluene (1:1), adding the diluted gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a spraying mode under a stirring state, stirring at a rotating speed of 600r/min, heating to 110 ℃, and continuously stirring for 20min to obtain floating beads after surface treatment;
(2) weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(3) extruding the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (2) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender and properly stretching and shaping to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 5 mm;
(4) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(5) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Example 3
A light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
butyl rubber: 12 parts of (a) to (b),
styrene-based elastomer: 12 parts of (a) to (b),
floating beads: 30 parts of (a) to (b),
melamine polyphosphate: 30 parts of (a) to (b),
calcium carbonate: 60 parts of (a) to (b),
paraffin oil: 10 parts of (a) to (b),
auxiliary agent: and 2 parts.
A sound insulation pad comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a rolling mode and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The preparation method of the lightweight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation pad comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the floating beads at 110 ℃ for 2 hours, diluting bis- [ gamma- (triethoxy) propyl ] tetrasulfide to 10 percent by using a mixed solvent of isopropanol and toluene (1:1), adding the diluted solution in a spraying mode under the stirring state, stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min, heating to 120 ℃, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain floating beads after surface treatment;
(2) weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(3) extruding and properly stretching and shaping the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (2) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 2 mm;
(4) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(5) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Example 4
A light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
butyl rubber: 9 parts of (a) to (b),
styrene-based elastomer: 15 parts of (a) to (b),
floating beads: 20 parts of (by weight), and mixing the components,
magnesium hydroxide: 40 parts of (a) to (b),
calcium carbonate: 60 parts of (a) to (b),
paraffin oil: 12 parts of (a) to (b),
auxiliary agent: and 2 parts.
A sound insulation pad comprises a sound insulation rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulation rubber layer is formed by plasticizing the light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulation rubber layer in a rolling mode and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The preparation method of the lightweight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation pad comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the floating bead at 110 ℃ for 2 hours, diluting bis- [ gamma- (triethoxy) propyl ] tetrasulfide to 10 percent by using a mixed solvent of isopropanol and toluene (1:1), adding the diluted solution in a spraying mode under the stirring state, stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min, heating to 120 ℃, and continuing stirring for 20min to obtain the floating bead after surface treatment.
(2) Weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(3) extruding and properly stretching and shaping the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (2) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 2 mm;
(4) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(5) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Comparative example 1
A sound insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
18 parts of butyl rubber, namely 18 parts of butyl rubber,
6 parts of styrene elastomer(s),
aluminum hydroxide: 40 parts of (a) to (b),
60 parts of barium sulfate, namely barium sulfate,
8 parts of naphthenic oil, namely 8 parts of naphthenic oil,
and 2 parts of an auxiliary agent.
A sound insulating pad comprises a sound insulating rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulating rubber layer is formed by plasticizing a sound insulating material of the comparative example, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulating rubber layer in a rolling manner and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The method for producing the sound insulating mat of the present comparative example comprises the steps of:
(1) weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(2) extruding the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (1) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender and properly stretching and shaping to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 5 mm;
(3) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(4) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Comparative example 2
A sound insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
24 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
melamine polyphosphate: 30 parts of (a) to (b),
60 parts of calcium carbonate, namely calcium carbonate,
10 parts of paraffin oil, namely 10 parts of paraffin oil,
and 2 parts of an auxiliary agent.
A sound insulating pad comprises a sound insulating rubber layer and a coating layer, wherein the sound insulating rubber layer is formed by plasticizing a sound insulating material of the comparative example, and the coating layer is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sound insulating rubber layer in a rolling manner and compounded into a three-layer structure; one side of the coating layer is provided with an aluminum plastic film and a non-woven fabric.
The method for producing the sound insulating mat of the present comparative example comprises the steps of:
(1) weighing and preparing all materials, putting the materials into an internal mixer preheated to 180 ℃, carrying out internal mixing for 25 minutes, requiring resin to be melted and plasticized, and uniformly mixing all the materials;
(2) extruding the mixture subjected to banburying in the step (1) by a first pair of double rollers of a calender and properly stretching and shaping to form a sound insulation sheet rubber-plastic layer with the thickness of 2 mm;
(3) respectively unreeling the non-woven fabric and the aluminum plastic film on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rubber plastic layer after passing through the first pair of double rollers, and calendering and compounding the rubber plastic layer and the plastic film through the second pair of rollers of a calender to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(4) the compounded material is subjected to edge cutting and rolling to form a finished product of the sound insulation material coiled material.
Comparative example 3
Commercially available PVC-based sound-deadening coiled material (2 mm).
TABLE 1 test table for the performance of the sound-insulating material coil of each example and comparative example
Figure BDA0003313231150000091
Figure BDA0003313231150000101
As can be seen from comparison of example 1 with comparative example 1, example 1 has lighter weight and better sound insulation performance due to the addition of the floating bead, wherein the weight is reduced by 21.5%, and the sound insulation performance is improved by 2.7 dB.
As can be seen from comparison of example 3 with comparative example 2, example 3 has lighter weight and more excellent soundproofing performance because of the addition of the floating beads, wherein the weight is reduced by 15.8%, and the soundproofing performance is improved by 2.0 dB. In addition, because the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) is adopted as the resin matrix, the sound insulation material of the comparative example 2 has higher hardness, poorer flexibility, smaller loss factor and poor damping performance.
Comparative example 3 is a commercially available 2mm pvc-based sound-insulating material, which has a larger weight, poorer sound-insulating property, a higher smoke density and smoke toxicity during combustion, and releases toxic gases such as dioxin and hydrogen chloride, which have a very adverse effect on escape of personnel during a fire, compared to example 3, and is a material that needs to be restricted in use.

Claims (10)

1. The light-weight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
butyl rubber: 5 to 20 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,
styrene-based elastomer: 5 to 20 parts of (A) a water-soluble polymer,
floating beads: 20 to 50 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,
flame retardant: 10 to 50 parts by weight of a surfactant,
plasticizer: 2 to 15 parts of (a) a water-soluble polymer,
inorganic filler: 20 to 200 parts by weight of a surfactant,
auxiliary agent: 2-5 parts;
the floating bead is subjected to surface treatment by a surface treatment agent, and the surface treatment agent comprises one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, N- (beta-aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and bis- [ gamma- (triethoxy) propyl ] tetrasulfide.
2. A lightweight, environmentally friendly, elastic acoustical insulation composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein said butyl rubber is prepared by copolymerizing isobutylene and isoprene.
3. A lightweight environmentally friendly elastic acoustical insulation composite as set forth in claim 1, wherein said styrenic elastomer is a hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer and/or a hydrogenated styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer.
4. The lightweight environment-friendly elastic sound insulation composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating beads are hollow spheres with a particle size of 40-1000 meshes, and the chemical components comprise silicon dioxide and/or aluminum oxide.
5. A lightweight environmentally friendly elastic sound insulating composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said surface treatment is in particular: drying the floating beads at the temperature of 105-plus-110 ℃, diluting the surface treating agent with a solvent, adding the surface treating agent into the floating beads, stirring at the rotating speed of 400-800 r/min, heating to the temperature of 110-plus-120 ℃, and continuing stirring for 20-30min to obtain the floating beads after surface treatment.
6. The lightweight, environmentally friendly, elastic acoustical insulation composite of claim 5, wherein said surface treatment agent is a mixed solution of isopropyl alcohol and toluene, said diluting with a solvent is to dilute said surface treatment agent to 10%, and said adding is to spray said surface treatment agent in a stirred state.
7. The lightweight environmentally friendly elastic acoustical composite of claim 1, wherein said plasticizer is a paraffinic oil and/or a naphthenic oil; the flame retardant is one or more of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, melamine phosphate, melamine cyanurate, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite and zinc borate; the filler is an inorganic filler; the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.2-3 parts of stearic acid and 0.5-1 part of antioxidant.
8. An acoustic insulator mat comprising an acoustic insulator rubber layer plasticized by the lightweight, environmentally friendly, elastic acoustic insulator composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a coating layer formed by calendering and joining the upper and lower surfaces of the acoustic insulator rubber layer to form a three-layer structure.
9. The acoustic insulator mat as set forth in claim 8 wherein said covering layer comprises an aluminum plastic film and/or a reinforcing layer comprising a glass fiber cloth and/or a non-woven fabric.
10. A method for preparing an acoustic insulator mat according to any one of claims 8 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) banburying: banburying the raw materials of the sound insulation composite material at 160-200 ℃ for 20-30min according to the proportion until the materials are mixed and plasticized uniformly;
(2) rolling: extruding, stretching and shaping the plasticized material to form a flat sound insulation rubber-plastic layer;
(3) compounding: unreeling the coating layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the sound-insulation rubber-plastic layer, and then rolling and compounding to form a three-layer sandwich structure;
(4) cutting: and cutting edges and rolling the compounded material to obtain the sound insulation pad.
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