CN103342845B - Fire proofing material and preparation method thereof, light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel - Google Patents
Fire proofing material and preparation method thereof, light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fire proofing material, it is characterised in that include matrix resin, foaming agent and fire retardant；The percentage by weight of each component of described fire proofing material is: polyolefin 15%～60%, foaming agent 0.5%～30%, fire retardant 20%～80%；Described foaming agent is aluminium hydroxide.Fire proofing material provided by the invention, processing fluidity is higher, it is easier to processing, has lightweight, fire-retardant, insulation, the feature such as heat insulation, inexpensive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fire proofing material and preparation method thereof, light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel.
Background technology
The casualties and the property loss that cause due to the fire of building have unprecedented soaring in recent years, and country also increases the fire-retardant of structure material and fire protection requirement.Ornament materials for exterior wall must reach certain fire-protection rating.Aluminium-plastic panel, owing to having light weight, the advantage such as corrosion-resistant, heat insulation, obtains rapid development as a kind of building and ornament materials.For fire-retardant requirement, low cigarette, Halogen flame-retardant aluminum plastic plate also develop, for instance patent CN02113998.9 discloses the core material of the polyolefin aluminium-plastic panel being manufactured low cigarette, halogen-free flameproof by inorganic combustion inhibitor magnesium hydroxide, Hydroxide Filled Polyolefin.This kind of material is the major product of flame-retardant aluminum plastic plate in the market.For halogen-free flameproof aluminium-plastic panel core, high anti-flammability to be reached, it is necessary to strengthen the loading of inorganic combustion inhibitor.High loading can reduce inserts extrusion and add the mobility in man-hour, reduces extrusion efficiency, increases energy consumption, the quality of infringement aluminium-plastic panel, simultaneously high loading makes density increase, and the quality of corresponding aluminium-plastic panel increases, have influence on the use of aluminium-plastic panel, reduce range of application.In traditional handicraft, aluminium hydroxide is applied in fire proofing material usually used as fire retardant, flame retardant efficiency is lost in order to prevent aluminium hydroxide decomposes, in preparation process, the strict processing temperature that controls must not be higher than the decomposition temperature of aluminium hydroxide, and this kind of machining at low temperature temperature reduces the fire protecting performance of production efficiency and fire proofing material to a certain extent.
For reducing the quality of aluminium-plastic panel, patent CN1014757 discloses foaming aluminium-plastic panel inflaming retarding core material, is adopt CBA-141b or dichloromethane, by the decomposition of foaming agent in extrusion, produces gas and foams.Although the method can prepare the core of foaming, but the foam of foaming is bigger and uneven, the intensity of core after impact foaming.Simultaneously because this Foaming temperatures controls comparatively strict, it is impossible to foam at a higher temperature, otherwise can cause the failure of foaming, therefore extrusion temperature will need strict control, and this efficiency that will result in extrusion reduces, and affects the speed of extrusion board.
Therefore, develop a kind of feasible foaming system, reduce the size of foaming foam, improve the uniformity of foaming foam, reduce the reduction of the mechanical property of materials caused owing to foam is larger in size；Meanwhile, foaming temperature influence is less, it is possible to foam within the scope of wider processing temperature, improves production efficiency；Tool has very great significance.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to overcome deficiency of the prior art, it is provided that a kind of will not the high fire proofing material of mechanical performance.
For real the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of fire proofing material, it is characterised in that include matrix resin, foaming agent and fire retardant；The percentage by weight of each component of described fire proofing material is: polyolefin 15%～60%, foaming agent 0.5%～30%, fire retardant 10%～80%.
Preferably, described matrix resin percentage by weight is 25%～60%.
Preferably, described matrix resin includes a kind of or arbitrarily several mixture in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), EP rubbers (EPDM), BS (SBS), hydrogenated butadiene-styrene copolymer (SEBS), ethylene maleic acid anhydride copolymer.
Preferably, described fire retardant percentage by weight is 20%～60%；More preferably, the percentage by weight of described fire retardant is 35%～50%.
Preferably, described fire retardant is magnesium hydroxide.
Preferably, described foaming agent is be heated at higher than 180 DEG C, lower than 320 DEG C to produce the material of gas or water vapour.
Preferably, described foaming agent is the material producing water at higher than 180 DEG C, lower than 320 DEG C, and described water is heated generation water vapour.
Preferably, described blowing agent composition weight percentage ratio is 1%～20%, more preferably 2%～10%..
Preferably, described foaming agent is aluminium hydroxide.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described foaming agent is 20 nanometers～10 microns；It is more preferably 20 nanometers～0.5 micron.
Preferably, fire retarding synergist is also included；Described fire retarding synergist includes a kind of or any several mixture in Firebrake ZB, antimony oxide, sodium antimonate, zinc oxide, and percentage by weight is 0%～10%, for coordinating the physical property of described fire retardant, improves flame retardant effect.
Preferably, stabilization aid is also included；Described stabilization aid includes a kind of or any several mixing in surface conditioning agent, lubricant, interface modifier, antioxidant, the steady agent of light, and percentage by weight is 0%～10%.
Preferably, described surface conditioning agent includes a kind of or any several mixture in silane coupler, titanate coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent, oxidic polyethylene, ethylene-maleic acid copolymer waxes, stearic acid, for reducing described foaming agent or described fire retardant surface polarity, improve processing fluidity.
Preferably, described lubricant includes a kind of or arbitrarily several mixture in Tissuemat E, stearic acid, stearate, ethylene bis stearamide (EBS), fluorine high molecular polymer (PPA), silicone, erucyl amide, oleamide, for improving the processing characteristics of described fire proofing material.
Preferably, described interface modifier includes a kind of or arbitrarily several mixture in maleic anhydride stem grafting polyolefin, glycidyl methacrylate graft polymer or copolymer, for increasing the interface adhesion of described fire proofing material.
Preferably, described antioxidant includes a kind of in hindered phenolic antioxidant, phosphite ester kind antioxidant or both mixing, for improving the oxidation resistance of described fire proofing material, strengthens its stability.Wherein hindered phenolic antioxidant includes but not limited to anti-oxidant Irganox 1010 or anti-oxidant Irganox 1098；Phosphite ester kind antioxidant includes but not limited to antioxidant Irgafos168.
Preferably, the steady agent of described light includes a kind of or any several mixing in phenyl salicylate, Octabenzone, bisphenol-A salsalate, for improving the light stabilizing power of described fire proofing material.
The preparation method that it is a further object to provide the high fire proofing material of a kind of mechanical performance.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of fire proofing material, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
A, each component being added in banbury and mediated, mediate temperature and produce the temperature of gas lower than being heated of described foaming agent, banburying obtains foaming agent and the finely dispersed mixture of fire retardant；
B, the mixture after above-mentioned kneading being used extruding pelletization in extruder, extrusion temperature is heated lower than described foaming agent and produces the temperature of gas；
C, said mixture granule is extruded on a production line；Extrusion temperature be heated higher than described foaming agent produce gas temperature, lower than the decomposition temperature of described fire retardant so that foaming agent is heated generation gas in extrusion, and described foaming agent is made the mixture of extrusion be internally formed cavity by thermogenetic gas.
Preferably, the kneading temperature described in step a is lower than 180 DEG C.
Preferably, the extrusion temperature described in step b is lower than 180 DEG C.
Preferably, the extrusion temperature described in step c is higher than 180 DEG C and lower than 320 DEG C.
It is a further object to provide the light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel of a kind of fire proofing material using mechanical performance high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel, it is characterised in that include aluminium sheet and fireprotection layer；Described fireprotection layer uses aforesaid fire proofing material to make.
Preferably, adhesive foil is also included；Described fire proofing material rolls through tri-roll press machine, carries out compound with described adhesive foil and described aluminium sheet, obtains described light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel.
Fire proofing material provided by the invention, processing fluidity is higher, it is easier to processing, has lightweight, fire-retardant, insulation, the feature such as heat insulation, inexpensive.By adding foaming agent aluminium hydroxide, utilize aluminium hydroxide decomposes at a certain temperature, produce steam, it is achieved the foaming to fireproof material layer.Relatively conventional foaming agents, aluminium hydroxide decomposes, produce without toxic gas, play the analyte steam nontoxic pollution-free of foaming effect, be a kind of environment-friendly foaming mode, be conducive to the protection of environment.
Foaming agent aluminium hydroxide particle diameter preferably 20 nanometers～0.5 micrometer range, ultra-fine particle diameter is conducive to producing less foaming body, foam also more uniform, avoid the fireproof material layer intensity that conventional foaming agents causes because foaming body is excessive or uneven to reduce or the problem such as fireproof aluminum-plastic board deformation, improve the quality of light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel.Aluminium hydroxide is selected to have the additional advantage that as foaming agent relatively conventional foaming agents has broader blowing temperature, can foam at a higher temperature, namely foam easy to control, further increase the production efficiency of light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel, add the quality of light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel.
The interpolation of fire retarding synergist, for coordinating the physical property of described fire retardant, is favorably improved flame retardant effect.The interpolation of surface conditioning agent, reduce the surface polarity of aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, promote its dispersion in melted matrix resin polyolefin and improve matrix resin and the interface interaction of aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, the processing fluidity of foamed light fire proofing material can be promoted simultaneously.The interpolation of antioxidant, improves the oxidation resistance of fire proofing material, enhances its stability in use.For ensureing that fire proofing material has good extrusion processing characteristics, add a certain amount of lubricant.In order to ensure that there is between fire retardant and matrix resin good interfacial bonding property, add a certain amount of interface modifier.The interpolation of the steady agent of light, for improving the light stability of foamed light fire proofing material.
Fire proofing material during the present invention is genuine, foaming agent produces gas or water in high temperature extrusion, and water forms water vapour, gas or water vapor expansion through high-temperature heating and makes fire proofing material be internally formed cavity.After cooling, water recovery is water, and its volume is very little, and therefore, the foaming process of the present invention will not produce the gas of contaminative, production process environmental protection.Foaming agent is uniformly dispersed, and therefore the cavity within fire proofing material is evenly distributed, and the aluminium-plastic panel mechanical performance made is uniform.
The preparation method of fire proofing material provided by the invention, technique is simple, and does not produce any chemical gas, environmentally safe in fireproof material layer foaming process, is the preparation method of a kind of cleaning, environmental protection.
The light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel including fire proofing material provided by the invention, processing technique is simple.Owing to adopting above-mentioned fire proofing material as fireprotection layer, fire protecting performance strengthens, and service life also extends further, improves the mechanical strength of aluminium-plastic panel simultaneously, reduces the quality of aluminium-plastic panel, expands range of application.
Due to the aluminium hydroxide that foaming agent is low particle diameter of the present invention, consequent foam size is relatively low, and is typically between 50 nanometers to 5 microns, far below the size of the foam having CBA to produce.Simultaneously because particle in the base dispersed of the aluminium hydroxide as foaming agent so that the foam of the present invention evenly, so so that light fire-proof material has higher intensity and better thermal insulation.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Fire proofing material, its each component with corresponding percentage by weight as shown in Table 1:
Table one
Preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that
A, aluminium hydroxide that 15% mean diameter is 5 microns and 40% magnesium hydroxide and 45% low density polyethylene (LDPE) are mediated 30 minutes in the banbury of 155 DEG C, obtain aluminium hydroxide and the finely dispersed mixture of magnesium hydroxide.
B, with single screw extrusion machine by said mixture extruding pelletization when 155 DEG C, obtain compound particles.
C, said mixture granule is extruded at aluminium-plastic panel composite production line first carries out foaming extrusion.The temperature of extrusion die is set as 300 DEG C, higher than the decomposition temperature 180 DEG C of aluminium hydroxide, lower than the decomposition temperature 320 DEG C of magnesium hydroxide.Fire proofing material is obtained after extrusion.
According to prior art by fire proofing material and aluminium sheet compound, produce fireproof aluminum-plastic board.
Embodiment 2
Fire proofing material, its each component with corresponding percentage by weight as shown in Table 2:
Table two
Preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that
A, each component is mediated 30 minutes in the banbury of 160 DEG C, obtain the finely dispersed mixture of each component.
B, with single screw extrusion machine by said mixture extruding pelletization at 160 DEG C, obtain compound particles.
C, said mixture granule is extruded at aluminium-plastic panel composite production line first carries out foaming extrusion.The temperature of extrusion die is set as 260 DEG C, higher than the decomposition temperature 180 DEG C of aluminium hydroxide, lower than the decomposition temperature 320 DEG C of magnesium hydroxide.Fire proofing material is obtained after extrusion.
According to prior art by fire proofing material and aluminium sheet compound, produce fireproof aluminum-plastic board.
Embodiment 3
Fire proofing material, its each component with corresponding percentage by weight as shown in Table 3:
Table three
Preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that
A, each component is mediated 30 minutes in the banbury of 120 DEG C, obtain the finely dispersed mixture of each component.
B, with single screw extrusion machine by said mixture extruding pelletization at 175 DEG C, obtain compound particles.
C, said mixture granule is extruded at aluminium-plastic panel composite production line first carries out foaming extrusion.The temperature of extrusion die is set as 200 DEG C, higher than the decomposition temperature 180 DEG C of aluminium hydroxide, lower than the decomposition temperature 320 DEG C of magnesium hydroxide.Fire proofing material is obtained after extrusion.
According to prior art by fire proofing material and aluminium sheet compound, produce fireproof aluminum-plastic board.
Embodiment 4
Fire proofing material, its each component with corresponding percentage by weight as shown in Table 4:
Table four
Preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that
A, each component is mediated 30 minutes in the banbury of 130 DEG C, obtain the finely dispersed mixture of each component.
B, with single screw extrusion machine by said mixture extruding pelletization at 155 DEG C, obtain compound particles.
C, said mixture granule is extruded at aluminium-plastic panel composite production line first carries out foaming extrusion.The temperature of extrusion die is set as 220 DEG C, higher than the decomposition temperature 180 DEG C of aluminium hydroxide, lower than the decomposition temperature 320 DEG C of magnesium hydroxide.Fire proofing material is obtained after extrusion.
According to prior art by fire proofing material and aluminium sheet compound, produce fireproof aluminum-plastic board.
Embodiment 5
Fire proofing material, its each component with corresponding percentage by weight as shown in Table 5:
Table five
Preparation method specifically comprises the following steps that
A, each component is mediated 30 minutes in the banbury of 140 DEG C, obtain the finely dispersed mixture of each component.
B, with single screw extrusion machine by said mixture extruding pelletization at 150 DEG C, obtain compound particles.
C, said mixture granule is extruded at aluminium-plastic panel composite production line first carries out foaming extrusion.The temperature of extrusion die is set as 280 DEG C, higher than the decomposition temperature 180 DEG C of aluminium hydroxide, lower than the decomposition temperature 320 DEG C of magnesium hydroxide.Fire proofing material is obtained after extrusion.
According to prior art by fire proofing material and aluminium sheet compound, produce fireproof aluminum-plastic board.
There is provided the fire proofing material component of comparative example fireproof aluminum-plastic board as shown in Table 6:
Table six
The manufacture of materials aluminium-plastic panel in comparative example is used according to prior art.
The fireproof aluminum-plastic board of embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 and comparative example carries out performance test, obtains test data as shown in Table 7:
Table seven
Test data according to table seven, fire proofing material provided by the invention, by adding foaming agent aluminium hydroxide, utilizes little particle diameter aluminium hydroxide decomposes at a certain temperature to produce the chemical feature of steam, realizing the even foaming to fireproof material layer, foaming body particle diameter is little.More traditional fire proofing material, density of material is greatly lowered, but tensile property increases, and bending strength is also greatly improved, and while namely reducing the quality of fire proofing material, improves the mechanical strength of aluminium-plastic panel, extends service life, expand range of application.On the other hand, the fire proofing material that fire proofing material provided by the invention is more traditional, heat conductivity is greatly lowered, and improves the heat-insulating property of fireproof aluminum-plastic board provided by the invention, its fire protecting performance very high further.
Fire proofing material during the present invention is genuine, foaming agent produces gas or water in high temperature extrusion, and water forms water vapour, gas or water vapor expansion through high-temperature heating and makes fire proofing material be internally formed cavity.After cooling, water recovery is water, and its volume is very little, and therefore, the foaming process of the present invention will not produce the gas of contaminative, production process environmental protection.Foaming agent is uniformly dispersed, and therefore the cavity within fire proofing material is evenly distributed, and the aluminium-plastic panel mechanical performance made is uniform.
The preparation method of fire proofing material provided by the invention, technique is simple, and does not produce any chemical gas, environmentally safe in fireproof material layer foaming process, is the preparation method of a kind of cleaning, environmental protection.
The light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel including fire proofing material provided by the invention, processing technique is simple.Owing to adopting above-mentioned fire proofing material as fireprotection layer, fire protecting performance strengthens, and service life also extends further, improves the mechanical strength of aluminium-plastic panel simultaneously, reduces the quality of aluminium-plastic panel, expands range of application.
Due to the aluminium hydroxide that foaming agent is low particle diameter of the present invention, consequent foam size is relatively low, and is typically between 50 nanometers to 5 microns, far below the size of the foam having CBA to produce.Simultaneously because particle in the base dispersed of the aluminium hydroxide as foaming agent so that the foam of the present invention evenly, so so that light fire-proof material has higher intensity and better thermal insulation.
Embodiment in the present invention, only for the present invention will be described, is not intended that the restriction to right, those skilled in that art it is contemplated that other replacements being substantially equal to, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a fire proofing material, it is characterised in that include matrix resin, foaming agent and fire retardant；The percentage by weight of each component of described fire proofing material is: polyolefin 15%～60%, foaming agent 0.5%～30%, fire retardant 10%～80%；Described foaming agent is aluminium hydroxide.
2. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described matrix resin includes a kind of or arbitrarily several mixture in Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), EP rubbers (EPDM), BS (SBS), hydrogenated butadiene-styrene copolymer (SEBS), ethylene maleic acid anhydride copolymer.
3. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fire retardant is magnesium hydroxide.
4. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is the material being heated at higher than 180 DEG C, lower than 320 DEG C and producing gas or water vapour.
5. fire proofing material according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described foaming agent is the material producing water at higher than 180 DEG C, lower than 320 DEG C, described water is heated generation water vapour.
6. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of described foaming agent is 20 nanometers～10 microns.
7. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include fire retarding synergist；Described fire retarding synergist includes a kind of or any several mixture in Firebrake ZB, antimony oxide, sodium antimonate, zinc oxide, and percentage by weight is 0%～10%, for coordinating the physical property of described fire retardant, improves flame retardant effect.
8. fire proofing material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include stabilization aid；Described stabilization aid includes a kind of or any several mixing in surface conditioning agent, lubricant, interface modifier, antioxidant, the steady agent of light, and percentage by weight is 0%～10%.
9. the preparation method of the fire proofing material according to any one of claim 1～8, it is characterised in that specifically comprise the following steps that
A, each component being added in banbury and mediated, mediate temperature and produce the temperature of gas lower than being heated of described foaming agent, banburying obtains foaming agent and the finely dispersed mixture of fire retardant；
B, the mixture after above-mentioned kneading being used extruding pelletization in extruder, extrusion temperature is heated lower than described foaming agent and produces the temperature of gas；
C, said mixture granule is extruded on a production line；Extrusion temperature be heated higher than described foaming agent produce gas temperature, lower than the decomposition temperature of described fire retardant so that foaming agent is heated generation gas in extrusion, and described foaming agent is made the mixture of extrusion be internally formed cavity by thermogenetic gas.
10. the preparation method of fire proofing material according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the kneading temperature described in step a is lower than 180 DEG C.
11. the preparation method of fire proofing material according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the extrusion temperature described in step b is lower than 180 DEG C.
12. the preparation method of fire proofing material according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the extrusion temperature described in step c is higher than 180 DEG C and lower than 320 DEG C.
13. light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel, it is characterised in that include aluminium sheet and fireprotection layer；Described fireprotection layer includes using fire proofing material described in claim 1-8 any claim to make.
14. light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel according to claim 13, it is characterised in that also include adhesive foil；Described fire proofing material rolls through tri-roll press machine, carries out compound with described adhesive foil and described aluminium sheet, obtains described light fire-proof aluminium-plastic panel.
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| CN104018665B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2017-09-26 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of building template material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103978744B (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2016-01-06 | 义乌市晒康塑胶厂 | Plastic-aluminum combined stiff sheet material of a kind of halogen-free flameproof and preparation method thereof |
| CN105058920B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-11-14 | 上海婉静纺织科技有限公司 | Fire prevention advertisement aluminium-plastic panel |
| CN107022110B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2018-07-31 | 三斯达（江苏）环保科技有限公司 | The preparation of compound antimony oxide and its application in high flame retardant EVA expanded materials |
| CN108793091A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-13 | 贵州大学 | A kind of technique preparing flame-retardant plastic building materials co-producing sulfuric acid |
| CN110760137A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-07 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | High-performance flame-retardant foaming material and preparation method thereof |
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