CN113816718B - Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113816718B
CN113816718B CN202111146368.5A CN202111146368A CN113816718B CN 113816718 B CN113816718 B CN 113816718B CN 202111146368 A CN202111146368 A CN 202111146368A CN 113816718 B CN113816718 B CN 113816718B
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building
wallboard
magnesium silicate
light
powder
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CN113816718A (en
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罗利明
彭同江
孙红娟
唐颂
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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Southwest University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B9/00—Magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B9/11—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires

Abstract

The invention provides a building light wallboard and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method can comprise the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material; according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar; placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demoulding to obtain a building light wallboard blank; and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard. The building lightweight wallboard comprises a product prepared according to the method. The invention expands the material source of the light wallboard, realizes the resource utilization of various asbestos-containing wastes, and the prepared product has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat insulation, flame retardance and the like.

Description

Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy treatment and utilization, in particular to a light building wallboard and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light wall board is a representative and model of modern novel building materials due to light weight and heat insulation performance, is a leading soldier of novel green building materials which are vigorously developed by national and local governments, and particularly, the application of the inner partition wall is that the light partition wall material can be completely rival to bricks. And the light partition wall material is energy-saving and environment-friendly, is light in weight and convenient to use, is widely welcomed by people, and the market share of the light partition wall material is continuously increased.
The main raw materials of the light wallboard comprise: cement, gypsum, GRC, magnesite, furnace slag, fly ash, foamed polyphenyl granules, foamed perlite, light ceramsite, wood chips, straws and other materials. Among them, although the organic materials are light, they are inflammable, while the inorganic materials such as gypsum and fly ash are greatly affected by the production area of the raw materials, and the radiation radius of the product is limited.
A large amount of domestic solid wastes containing serpentine can only be stockpiled for treatment due to lack of an effective resource approach, and have potential pollution to the surrounding environment while occupying valuable land resources.
Therefore, the preparation of the light wallboard by using the solid waste has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objects of the present invention is to improve the utilization efficiency of solid waste resources.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight wallboard for buildings.
The preparation method can comprise the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material;
according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar; placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demolding to obtain a building light wallboard blank; and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard.
Further, the magnesium silicate powder can comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of MgO and 38-45% of SiO2，2～5％CaO，2～15％Fe2O3，5～15％Al2O3。
Furthermore, the main body of the magnesium silicate powder is an amorphous magnesium silicate component, the crystalline phase accounts for less than 30%, and the crystalline phase comprises an olivine phase.
Further, the magnesium silicate powder can be prepared by the following method: pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain first powder; calcining the first powder body to obtain magnesium silicate active powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h. Further, the pretreatment comprises crushing and grinding; still further, the pretreatment may also include drying.
Further, the serpentine-containing solid waste may include at least one of serpentine-type exfoliated waste, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings, and asbestos tailings.
Further, the cementitious material may include at least one of cement, lime, and plaster of paris.
Further, the auxiliary agent may include at least one of a set retarder, an early strength agent, and a water reducing agent.
Further, the magnesite silicate sand can be prepared by the following method: pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain second powder, wherein the solid waste containing serpentine comprises at least one of serpentine stripped waste stone, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings; and calcining the second powder to obtain the magnesium silicate sand, wherein the calcining temperature is 850-1200 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h. Further, the pretreatment comprises crushing and grinding; still further, the pretreatment may also include drying.
Furthermore, the magnesite silicate mainly comprises a crystalline phase, the content of the crystalline phase is 95-100%, the crystalline phase mainly comprises olivine and enstatite, and the magnesite silicate further comprises a small amount of diopside and hercynite.
Further, the lightweight aggregate may include at least one of expanded perlite, lightweight ceramsite, pumice, and organic matter foamed particles.
Further, the reinforcing fiber may include at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, organic fiber, and plant fiber.
Further, the construction sand may include one or more of river sand, sea sand, and rock-crushed machine sand.
Further, the placing the building mortar into the forming mold comprises: and (3) filling the building mortar into a forming die to be uniformly paved.
Further, the molding means may include pressing, extrusion, or solidification molding.
Further, the building lightweight wallboard loading, uniform paving and pressing or extrusion molding mode can be carried out according to the program by adopting wallboard production equipment.
Wherein, the pressure forming pressure can be 20-50 MPa, such as 25, 30, 40, 45MPa, etc.; the extrusion molding pressure may be 30 to 45MPa, for example, 31, 35, 40, 44MPa, or the like.
Further, the molding dies may include solid lightweight wallboard dies, hollow wallboard dies, and the like. The length of the die is generally 2.5-3.3 m, the width is generally 600mm, 610mm and 1200mm, and the thickness is generally 80mm, 90mm, 100mm and 120mm or 60 mm, 75 mm, 100mm and 150 mm.
Further, the maintaining comprises: sending the building light wall board blank into a curing device for curing, comprising: heating the building light wall board blank by steam in a curing room; or, the hot tail gas generated in the kiln is adopted for heating, and the spraying device is adopted for increasing the humidity in the curing room; the curing condition is that the temperature of the curing room is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is that the temperature rises slowly (3-5 ℃/min) and then rises rapidly (10-15 ℃/min), the curing time is 12-72 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 90%.
Further, the maintaining comprises: and (3) pressurizing and curing by adopting high-temperature steam in an autoclave, wherein the curing pressure is 1.2-1.5 Mpa, the curing temperature is 180-205 ℃, and the curing time is 12-72 hours.
In another aspect, the invention provides a lightweight wallboard for buildings.
The building light wallboard can comprise a product prepared by the preparation method of the building light wallboard.
The obtained light building wallboard has the surface density of 70-110 kg/m2E.g. 75, 80, 90, 100kg/cm3Etc.; the compressive strength is more than or equal to 3.5 Mpa; the fire resistance limit is more than or equal to 1 h.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the invention prepares the light wallboard of the building by using the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects, can realize the resource utilization of various asbestos-containing wastes, and has important ecological and sustainable development significance for resource protection, saving and high-value utilization.
(2) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form the light wallboard for the building, expands the material source of the light wallboard, provides more raw material selection for the product manufacture, and effectively widens the production and radiation range of the product.
(3) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form and prepare the light wallboard for the building, avoids the defects of inflammable organic raw materials, poor fireproof performance and the like, and realizes changing waste into valuable.
(4) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form and prepare the light wallboard for the building, has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat insulation, flame retardance and the like, and effectively expands the service performance of the product.
(5) The invention prepares the light wallboard for the building by taking the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects, can effectively reduce the cement consumption, is beneficial to reducing the carbon emission and environmental pollution, realizes the resource utilization of the serpentine-containing mineral solid waste, is beneficial to protecting the environment, saving land resources and changing waste into valuable, provides a new idea for the non-toxic harmless treatment of hazardous wastes, and has important ecological, environmental, economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a novel architectural lightweight wallboard and a method of manufacturing the same of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
Exemplary embodiment 1
The preparation method of the building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) mixing the magnesium silicate active powder with a cementing material and an auxiliary agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
After the magnesium silicate active powder is mixed with the cementing material, the obtained mixed cementing material has composite cementing property, and can fully exert the activity and the gelatinization property of the cementing material and the magnesium silicate active powder, wherein a hydration product of the cementing material can also form an excitation effect on the magnesium silicate active powder, so that the chemical reaction activity of the magnesium silicate active powder is effectively improved, and the strength of the light wallboard of the building is improved.
In this embodiment, the magnesium silicate active powder is a powder obtained by crushing, grinding, and calcining at least one of serpentine type exfoliated waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings, and asbestos tailings.
Wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, such as 650, 700, 750, 800, 870 ℃; the calcination time may be 5min to 1.5h, such as 10min, 30min, 50min, 60min, 80min, and the like. The calcination time may be 2min to 1.5h, for example, 5min, 10min, 30min, 50min, 60min, 80min, etc.
The main purpose of calcination is to convert the powder mainly containing serpentine mineral raw material into amorphous phase product with magnesium silicate active powder mainly containing magnesium oxide and silicon oxide, so as to improve the reaction activity of the powder, and simultaneously contain a small amount of olivine crystal phase. When the calcination temperature is too low, the conversion rate of the amorphous product is low and the calcination purpose cannot be achieved, and when the calcination temperature is too high, the amorphous product is mainly converted into a crystal phase, so that the activity of the gelled material can be obviously reduced, and the calcination time is also the same, and when the calcination time is too short or too long, the gelling property of the powder can be reduced, so that the optimum temperature and the optimum time range are provided.
The powder obtained after calcination comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by weight: 25-40% of MgO and SiO2 38～45％，CaO 2～5％，Fe2O3 2～15％，Al2O3 5～15％。
The magnesium silicate active powder body is an amorphous magnesium silicate component which only contains a small amount of 0-30% of crystalline phase, and the crystalline phase component is mainly olivine.
In this example, the particle size of the magnesium silicate active powder was 10 μm to 75 μm. If the particle size of the powder is too fine, the performance of a product in the later period is improved, but the processing cost is too high, the cost performance is low, and the particle size of the powder is too coarse, so that the activity of the prepared composite cementing material is low, and the composite cementing material is not beneficial to practical application.
In the present embodiment, the cementing material is at least one of cement, lime and plaster of Paris which meet the commercial requirements. The lime can comprise quicklime powder and slaked lime, when the quicklime powder is adopted, the 150-mesh passing rate is 100 percent, the 200-mesh passing rate is not less than 85 percent, and the 325-mesh passing rate is not less than 55 percent; when the plaster is used, the 200-mesh passing rate is 100 percent, and the 325-mesh passing rate is not less than 45 percent.
In this example, the auxiliaries used are the relevant auxiliaries which meet the commercial requirements. Further, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of retarder, defoamer and water reducer.
In this embodiment, the weight percentage of the usage amount of each material in the mixed cementitious material ingredients may be:
65-90% of magnesium calcium silicate active powder, such as 66%, 70%, 80%, 85% and 89%;
10-35% of a cementing material, such as 11%, 15%, 25%, 30% and 34%;
0 to 2% of an auxiliary, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 1.9%.
Wherein, 10-35% of the cementing material can comprise:
0-15% cement, e.g. 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 14%;
0-25% lime, e.g. 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 24%;
0 to 35% of plaster of paris, for example 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 34%.
Step 2: the construction mortar mainly comprises the following components of magnesium silicate sand, construction sand, lightweight aggregate, reinforcing fiber, mixed cementing material and water in proportion and uniformly mixed to obtain the construction mortar mainly comprising the magnesium silicate sand and magnesium silicate active powder.
The addition of the magnesium silicate sand reduces the addition of other sand, the fireproof performance of the building mortar can be improved while valuable resources such as natural sand are effectively saved, the magnesium silicate sand and the building sand are added simultaneously, the performance advantages of the magnesium silicate sand and the building sand can be fully exerted, the fireproof building mortar meeting the strength and the use requirement is prepared, the heat insulation and heat preservation performance of the building mortar can be improved, the addition of the reinforcing fiber can effectively improve the toughness and the crack resistance of the building mortar, and the integrity of the building mortar is improved.
In this embodiment, the magnesite silicate is machine-made sand obtained by crushing and calcining one or more of serpentine-type stripped waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings. Wherein, the calcining temperature can be 850-1200 ℃, such as 860, 900, 1000, 1150, 1190 ℃; the heating rate is 10-30 ℃/min, and the calcining time can be 10 min-1.5 h, such as 11min, 25min, 45min, 60min, 71min, 79min, 86min and the like.
The main purpose of calcination is to convert the serpentine in the ore into harmless olivine and enstatite, and if the calcination temperature is lower than 850 ℃ or the calcination time is lower than 10min, the phase conversion of the serpentine-containing ore cannot be realized; and when the calcining temperature is more than 1200 ℃, the serpentine-containing mineral starts to sinter and melt, the subsequent utilization value is influenced although the crystalline phase of the serpentine-containing mineral is changed, and meanwhile, the high-temperature phase change needs to consume a large amount of heat and does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. The calcination time is more than 2h, and the serpentine-containing mineral finishes the crystal phase transformation, so that the calcination time is increased, and energy is wasted.
If the temperature rise speed in the calcining process is too low or the calcining time is too long, the production efficiency is low, the production cost is increased, energy waste is caused, and the cycle is prolonged; if the temperature rise rate is too high or the calcination time is too short, the crystal phase conversion effect is poor and insufficient.
The calcined magnesite silicate is mainly crystalline phase with the content of 95-100%, the crystalline phase mainly comprises olivine and enstatite and contains a small amount of diopside and hercynite.
In this embodiment, the construction sand may include one or more of river sand, sea sand, and rock-broken machine sand.
In this embodiment, the lightweight aggregate may include one or more of expanded perlite, lightweight ceramsite, pumice, and organic expanded particles (e.g., polyphenyl expanded particles).
In this embodiment, the reinforcing fibers may include one or more of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, organic fibers, and plant fibers. The organic fibers may include polypropylene fibers.
In this embodiment, the material amounts in step 2 are, by weight:
45-60% of mixed cementing materials, such as 46%, 50%, 55%, 59% and the like;
15-40% of magnesite silicate, such as 16%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 39% and the like;
0 to 15% of building sand, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 14% and the like;
0 to 15% of lightweight aggregate, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 14%, etc.;
0 to 5% of reinforcing fibers, for example, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4.5%, etc.;
6 to 25% of water, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 44%, etc.
And step 3: and (3) filling the building mortar for the building light wall board obtained in the step (2) into a forming die, paving, and demolding after pressurization, extrusion or solidification forming to obtain the building light wall board blank.
And 4, step 4: and (4) conveying the building light wall body blank obtained in the step (3) into a curing device for curing to obtain the building light wall board.
Sending the building light wall board blank into a curing device for curing, comprising the following steps: and (2) heating the building light wall board blank in a curing room by steam, or heating by using hot tail gas generated in a kiln and increasing the humidity in the curing room by using a spraying device, wherein the curing condition is that the temperature of the curing room is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is slow temperature rising (3-5 ℃/min) and then fast temperature rising (10-15 ℃/min), the curing time is 3-8 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 90%.
The invention can also adopt high-temperature steam to pressurize and cure in an autoclave, the oxygen protection pressure is 1.2-1.5 Mpa, and the curing temperature is 180-205 ℃.
In order that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the invention may be better understood, further description thereof with reference to specific examples is provided below.
Example 1
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps of crushing the serpentine tailings serving as a raw material under reduced pressure, grinding, and calcining at 850 ℃ for 10min to obtain the magnesium silicate active powder.
The main chemical compositions of the powder particles in percentage by mass are as follows: 38% of MgO and SiO2 41％，CaO 3％，Fe2O3 5％，Al2O311 percent. Wherein the content of main crystal phase olivine accounts for 8%, the content of amorphous phase accounts for 90%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 2%.
(2) Mixing the magnesium silicate active powder with lime according to a proportion of 80: and (3) proportioning at the mass ratio of 20, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) Crushing the asbestos tailings, and calcining the crushed asbestos tailings for 60min at 900 ℃ to obtain the magnesite silicate with the content of 96% of olivine and enstatite and the content of diopside and ferrispinel being 4%.
(4) Mixing a mixed cementing material, magnesium silicate sand, light ceramsite, polypropylene fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 58: 22: 3: 2: 15, after being uniformly mixed, the mixture is transferred into a 3300mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 90mm die and is extruded and molded under the pressure of 45MPa, and a light wallboard blank for buildings is obtained.
(5) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building at 70 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The obtained light wallboard has the surface density of 90kg/m < 2 >, the compressive strength of 4.5MPa and the fire resistance limit of 3.5 h.
Example 2
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the asbestos tailings are used as raw materials, and are subjected to pressure reduction crushing, grinding and calcination at 700 ℃ for 60min to obtain the magnesium silicate active powder.
The powder and particle body comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: MgO 30%, SiO245％，CaO 5％，Fe2O3 9％，Al2O39 percent. WhereinThe content of the main crystal phase olivine accounts for 15%, the content of the amorphous phase accounts for 80%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 5%.
(2) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, cement and a water reducing agent according to a ratio of 85: 19.7: and (3) proportioning and uniformly stirring the materials according to the mass ratio of 0.3 to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) The asbestos tailings are crushed and calcined for 15min at 1100 ℃ to obtain the magnesite silicate with the content of olivine and enstatite of 96 percent and the content of diopside and ferrispinel of 4 percent.
(3) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, magnesium silicate sand, expanded perlite, glass fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 50: 23: 10: 5: 12, transferring the mixture into a die with the diameter of 3000mm multiplied by 1200mm multiplied by 100mm after being uniformly mixed, and carrying out extrusion forming under the pressure of 40MPa to obtain a light wallboard blank for buildings.
(4) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building in an autoclave at 1.5Mpa and 200 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The surface density of the obtained light wallboard is 100kg/m2, the compressive strength is 5.5MPa, and the fire resistance limit is 5 h.
Example 3
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the asbestos tailings are used as raw materials, and are subjected to pressure reduction crushing, grinding and calcination at 750 ℃ for 30min to obtain magnesium silicate active powder.
The powder and particle body comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: 35% of MgO and SiO239％，CaO 4％，Fe2O3 8％，Al2O312 percent. Wherein, the content of the main crystal phase olivine accounts for 10%, the content of the amorphous phase accounts for 87%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 3%.
(2) Mixing the obtained magnesium silicate active powder with calcined gypsum according to a weight ratio of 70: and (3) proportioning and uniformly stirring the materials according to the mass ratio of 30 to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) Crushing the serpentine tailings, and calcining the serpentine tailings for 30min at 1000 ℃ to obtain the magnesium silicate sand with the contents of olivine and enstatite of 97 percent and the contents of diopside and hercynite of 3 percent.
(4) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, magnesium silicate sand, river sand, ceramic fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 55: 25: 8: 2: 18, uniformly mixing, placing into a 2800mm × 610mm × 800mm die, and carrying out extrusion forming under the pressure of 35MPa to obtain a light wallboard blank for buildings.
(5) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building at 60 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The surface density of the obtained light wallboard is 75kg/m2, the compressive strength is 4.0MPa, and the fire resistance limit is 4 h.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a building light wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material;
according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar;
placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demolding to obtain a building light wallboard blank;
and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard.
2. The method for preparing the light wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate activated powder comprises the following components by mass percent:
25～40％MgO，38～45％SiO2，2～5％CaO，2～15％Fe2O3，5～15％Al2O3。
3. the method for preparing a light weight wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate activated powder comprises an amorphous magnesium silicate component, wherein the crystalline phase accounts for less than 30%, and the crystalline phase comprises an olivine phase.
4. The method for preparing light weight wallboard for buildings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate activated powder is prepared by the following method:
pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain first powder;
calcining the first powder body to obtain magnesium silicate active powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h.
5. The method of manufacturing lightweight wallboard for construction as claimed in claim 4, wherein the serpentine-containing solid waste comprises at least one of serpentine type peeled waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings.
6. The method of making a lightweight wallboard for construction according to claim 1, wherein the cementitious material comprises at least one of cement, lime and plaster of paris;
the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of retarder, early strength agent and water reducing agent.
7. The method for preparing the light weight wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the light weight aggregate comprises at least one of expanded perlite, light weight ceramsite, pumice and organic matter foaming particles;
the reinforcing fiber includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, organic fiber and plant fiber.
8. The method for preparing a light wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesite silicate is prepared by the following method:
pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain second powder, wherein the solid waste containing serpentine comprises at least one of serpentine stripped waste stone, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings;
and calcining the second powder to obtain the magnesium silicate sand, wherein the calcining temperature is 850-1200 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h.
9. A construction lightweight wallboard prepared by the method for preparing the construction lightweight wallboard according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The building lightweight wallboard of claim 9, wherein the areal density of the building lightweight wallboard is 70-110 kg/m2The compressive strength is more than or equal to 3.5Mpa, and the fire resistance limit is more than or equal to 1 h.
CN202111146368.5A 2021-09-28 2021-09-28 Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof Active CN113816718B (en)

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CN110606722B (en) * 2019-09-30 2022-03-22 武汉工程大学 Building wallboard and preparation method thereof
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