CN113816718A - Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light wall board for building and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113816718A CN113816718A CN202111146368.5A CN202111146368A CN113816718A CN 113816718 A CN113816718 A CN 113816718A CN 202111146368 A CN202111146368 A CN 202111146368A CN 113816718 A CN113816718 A CN 113816718A
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- Prior art keywords
- building
- wallboard
- magnesium silicate
- powder
- light
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Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Talc Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O FKHIFSZMMVMEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-UHOFOFEASA-O Serpentine Natural products O=C(OC)C=1[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](C)OC=1)C[n+]1c(c3[nH]c4c(c3cc1)cccc4)C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-UHOFOFEASA-O 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011776 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052634 enstatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 light ceramsite Substances 0.000 description 6
- BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].O[Si](O)=O BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KQMBEUPSQAQIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dihydroxy(oxo)silane;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca].O[Si](O)=O KQMBEUPSQAQIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001691 hercynite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010336 energy treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B9/00—Magnesium cements or similar cements
- C04B9/11—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Abstract
The invention provides a building light wallboard and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method can comprise the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material; according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar; placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demolding to obtain a building light wallboard blank; and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard. The building lightweight wallboard comprises a product prepared according to the method. The invention expands the material source of the light wallboard, realizes the resource utilization of various asbestos-containing wastes, and the prepared product has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat insulation, flame retardance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy treatment and utilization, in particular to a light building wallboard and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light wall board is a representative and model of modern novel building materials due to light weight and heat insulation performance, is a leading soldier of novel green building materials which are vigorously developed by national and local governments, and particularly, the application of the inner partition wall is that the light partition wall material can be completely rival to bricks. And the light partition wall material is energy-saving and environment-friendly, is light in weight and convenient to use, is widely welcomed by people, and the market share of the light partition wall material is continuously increased.
The main raw materials of the light wallboard comprise: cement, gypsum, GRC, magnesite, furnace slag, fly ash, foamed polyphenyl granules, foamed perlite, light ceramsite, wood chips, straws and other materials. Among them, although the organic materials are light, they are inflammable, while the inorganic materials such as gypsum and fly ash are greatly affected by the production area of the raw materials, and the radiation radius of the product is limited.
A large amount of domestic solid wastes containing serpentine can only be stockpiled for treatment due to lack of an effective resource approach, and have potential pollution to the surrounding environment while occupying valuable land resources.
Therefore, the preparation of the light wallboard by using the solid waste has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objects of the present invention is to improve the utilization efficiency of solid waste resources.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight wallboard for buildings.
The preparation method can comprise the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material;
according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar; placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demolding to obtain a building light wallboard blank; and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard.
Further, the magnesium silicate powder can comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 25-40% of MgO and 38-45% of SiO2，2～5％CaO，2～15％Fe2O3，5～15％Al2O3。
Furthermore, the main body of the magnesium silicate powder is an amorphous magnesium silicate component, the crystalline phase accounts for less than 30%, and the crystalline phase comprises an olivine phase.
Further, the magnesium silicate powder can be prepared by the following method: pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain first powder; calcining the first powder body to obtain magnesium silicate active powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h. Further, the pretreatment comprises crushing and grinding; still further, the pretreatment may also include drying.
Further, the serpentine-containing solid waste may include at least one of serpentine-type exfoliated waste, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings, and asbestos tailings.
Further, the cementitious material may include at least one of cement, lime, and plaster of paris.
Further, the auxiliary agent may include at least one of a retarder, an early strength agent, and a water reducing agent.
Further, the magnesite silicate sand can be prepared by the following method: pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain second powder, wherein the solid waste containing serpentine comprises at least one of serpentine stripped waste stone, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings; and calcining the second powder to obtain the magnesium silicate sand, wherein the calcining temperature is 850-1200 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h. Further, the pretreatment comprises crushing and grinding; still further, the pretreatment may also include drying.
Furthermore, the magnesite silicate mainly comprises a crystalline phase, the content of the crystalline phase is 95-100%, the crystalline phase mainly comprises olivine and enstatite, and the magnesite silicate further comprises a small amount of diopside and hercynite.
Further, the lightweight aggregate may include at least one of expanded perlite, lightweight ceramsite, pumice, and organic matter foamed particles.
Further, the reinforcing fiber may include at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, organic fiber, and plant fiber.
Further, the construction sand may include one or more of river sand, sea sand, and rock-crushed machine sand.
Further, the placing the building mortar into the forming mold comprises: and (3) filling the building mortar into a forming die to be uniformly paved.
Further, the molding means may include pressing, extrusion, or solidification molding.
Further, the building lightweight wallboard loading, uniform paving and pressing or extrusion molding mode can be carried out according to the program by adopting wallboard production equipment.
Wherein, the pressure forming pressure can be 20-50 MPa, such as 25, 30, 40, 45MPa, etc.; the extrusion molding pressure may be 30 to 45MPa, for example, 31, 35, 40, 44MPa, or the like.
Further, the molding dies may include solid lightweight wallboard dies, hollow wallboard dies, and the like. The length of the die is generally 2.5-3.3 m, the width is generally 600mm, 610mm and 1200mm, and the thickness is generally 80mm, 90mm, 100mm and 120mm or 60 mm, 75 mm, 100mm and 150 mm.
Further, the maintaining comprises: sending the building light wall board blank into a curing device for curing, comprising: heating the building light wall board blank by steam in a curing room; or, the hot tail gas generated in the kiln is adopted for heating, and the spraying device is adopted for increasing the humidity in the curing room; the curing condition is that the temperature of the curing room is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is that the temperature rises slowly (3-5 ℃/min) and then rises rapidly (10-15 ℃/min), the curing time is 12-72 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 90%.
Further, the maintaining comprises: and (3) pressurizing and curing by adopting high-temperature steam in an autoclave, wherein the curing pressure is 1.2-1.5 Mpa, the curing temperature is 180-205 ℃, and the curing time is 12-72 hours.
In another aspect, the invention provides a lightweight wallboard for buildings.
The building light wallboard can comprise a product prepared by the preparation method of the building light wallboard.
The obtained light building wallboard has the surface density of 70-110 kg/m2E.g. 75, 80, 90, 100kg/cm3Etc.; the compressive strength is more than or equal to 3.5 Mpa; the fire resistance limit is more than or equal to 1 h.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can comprise at least one of the following:
(1) the invention prepares the light wallboard of the building by using the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects, can realize the resource utilization of various asbestos-containing wastes, and has important ecological and sustainable development significance for resource protection, saving and high-value utilization.
(2) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form the light wallboard for the building, expands the material source of the light wallboard, provides more raw material selection for the product manufacture, and effectively widens the production and radiation range of the product.
(3) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form and prepare the light wallboard for the building, avoids the defects of inflammable organic raw materials, poor fireproof performance and the like, and realizes the purpose of changing waste into valuable.
(4) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to form and prepare the light wallboard for the building, has the advantages of light weight, fire resistance, heat insulation, flame retardance and the like, and effectively expands the service performance of the product.
(5) The invention adopts the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder as subjects to prepare the light wallboard for the building for the first time, can effectively reduce the cement consumption, is beneficial to reducing the carbon emission and environmental pollution, realizes the resource utilization of the serpentine-containing mineral solid waste, is beneficial to protecting the environment, saving land resources and changing waste into valuable, provides a new idea for the non-toxic harmless treatment of hazardous waste, and has important ecological, environmental, economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a novel architectural lightweight wallboard and a method of manufacturing the same of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
Exemplary embodiment 1
The preparation method of the building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) mixing the magnesium silicate active powder with a cementing material and an auxiliary agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
After the magnesium silicate active powder is mixed with the cementing material, the obtained mixed cementing material has composite cementing property, and can fully exert the activity and the gelatinization property of the cementing material and the magnesium silicate active powder, wherein a hydration product of the cementing material can also form an excitation effect on the magnesium silicate active powder, so that the chemical reaction activity of the magnesium silicate active powder is effectively improved, and the strength of the light wallboard of the building is improved.
In this embodiment, the magnesium silicate active powder is a powder obtained by crushing, grinding, and calcining at least one of serpentine type exfoliated waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings, and asbestos tailings.
Wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, such as 650, 700, 750, 800, 870 ℃; the calcination time may be 5min to 1.5h, for example, 10min, 30min, 50min, 60min, 80min, etc. The calcination time may be 2min to 1.5h, for example, 5min, 10min, 30min, 50min, 60min, 80min, etc.
The main purpose of calcination is to convert the powder mainly containing serpentine mineral raw material into amorphous phase product with magnesium silicate active powder mainly containing magnesium oxide and silicon oxide, so as to improve the reaction activity of the powder, and simultaneously contain a small amount of olivine crystal phase. When the calcination temperature is too low, the conversion rate of the amorphous product is low and cannot reach the calcination purpose, and the calcination temperature is too high, the amorphous product is mainly converted into a crystal phase, so that the activity of the gelled material can be obviously reduced, the calcination time is also the same, and the gelling property of the powder can be reduced when the calcination time is too short or too long, so that the optimum temperature and the optimum time range are provided.
The powder obtained after calcination comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by weight: 25-40% of MgO and SiO2 38～45％，CaO 2～5％，Fe2O3 2～15％，Al2O3 5～15％。
The magnesium silicate active powder body is an amorphous magnesium silicate component which only contains a small amount of 0-30% of crystalline phase, and the crystalline phase component is mainly olivine.
In this example, the particle size of the magnesium silicate active powder was 10 μm to 75 μm. If the particle size of the powder is too fine, the performance of a product in the later period is improved, but the processing cost is too high, the cost performance is low, and the particle size of the powder is too coarse, so that the activity of the prepared composite cementing material is low, and the composite cementing material is not beneficial to practical application.
In the present embodiment, the gelling materials used are at least one of cement, lime and plaster of paris, which meet commercial requirements. The lime can comprise quicklime powder and slaked lime, when the quicklime powder is adopted, the 150-mesh passing rate is 100 percent, the 200-mesh passing rate is not less than 85 percent, and the 325-mesh passing rate is not less than 55 percent; when the plaster is used, the 200-mesh passing rate is 100 percent, and the 325-mesh passing rate is not less than 45 percent.
In this example, the auxiliaries used are the relevant auxiliaries which meet the commercial requirements. Further, the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of retarder, defoamer and water reducer.
In this embodiment, the weight percentage of the usage amount of each material in the mixed cementitious material ingredients may be:
65-90% of magnesium calcium silicate active powder, such as 66%, 70%, 80%, 85% and 89%;
10-35% of a cementing material, such as 11%, 15%, 25%, 30% and 34%;
0 to 2% of an auxiliary, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 1.9%.
Wherein, 10-35% of the cementing material can comprise:
0-15% cement, e.g. 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 14%;
0-25% lime, e.g. 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 24%;
0 to 35% of plaster of paris, for example 1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 34%.
Step 2: the construction mortar mainly comprises the magnesite silicate, construction sand, lightweight aggregate, reinforcing fiber, mixed cementing material and water, wherein the magnesite silicate, the construction sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber, the mixed cementing material and the water are proportioned in proportion and uniformly mixed to obtain the construction mortar mainly comprising the magnesite silicate and magnesium silicate active powder.
The addition of the magnesium silicate sand reduces the addition of other sand, the fireproof performance of the building mortar can be improved while valuable resources such as natural sand are effectively saved, the magnesium silicate sand and the building sand are added simultaneously, the performance advantages of the magnesium silicate sand and the building sand can be fully exerted, the fireproof building mortar meeting the strength and the use requirement is prepared, the heat insulation and heat preservation performance of the building mortar can be improved, the addition of the reinforcing fiber can effectively improve the toughness and the crack resistance of the building mortar, and the integrity of the building mortar is improved.
In this embodiment, the magnesite silicate is machine-made sand obtained by crushing and calcining one or more of serpentine-type stripped waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings. Wherein, the calcining temperature can be 850-1200 ℃, such as 860, 900, 1000, 1150, 1190 ℃; the heating rate is 10-30 ℃/min, and the calcining time can be 10 min-1.5 h, such as 11min, 25min, 45min, 60min, 71min, 79min, 86min and the like.
The main purpose of calcination is to convert the serpentine in the ore into harmless olivine and enstatite, and if the calcination temperature is lower than 850 ℃ or the calcination time is lower than 10min, the phase conversion of the serpentine-containing ore cannot be realized; and when the calcining temperature is more than 1200 ℃, the serpentine-containing mineral starts to sinter and melt, the subsequent utilization value is influenced although the crystalline phase of the serpentine-containing mineral is changed, and meanwhile, the high-temperature phase change needs to consume a large amount of heat and does not meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. The calcination time is more than 2h, and the serpentine-containing mineral finishes the crystal phase transformation, so that the calcination time is increased, and energy is wasted.
If the temperature rise speed in the calcining process is too low or the calcining time is too long, the production efficiency is low, the production cost is increased, energy waste is caused, and the cycle is prolonged; if the temperature rise rate is too high or the calcination time is too short, the crystal phase conversion effect is poor and insufficient.
The calcined magnesite silicate is mainly crystalline phase with the content of 95-100%, the crystalline phase mainly comprises olivine and enstatite and contains a small amount of diopside and hercynite.
In this embodiment, the construction sand may include one or more of river sand, sea sand, and rock-broken machine sand.
In this embodiment, the lightweight aggregate may include one or more of expanded perlite, lightweight ceramsite, pumice, and organic matter foamed particles (e.g., polystyrene foamed particles).
In this embodiment, the reinforcing fibers may include one or more of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, organic fibers, and plant fibers. The organic fibers may include polypropylene fibers.
In this embodiment, the material amounts in step 2 are, by weight:
45-60% of mixed cementing materials, such as 46%, 50%, 55%, 59% and the like;
15-40% of magnesite silicate, such as 16%, 20%, 30%, 35%, 39% and the like;
0 to 15% of building sand, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 14% or the like;
0 to 15% of lightweight aggregate, for example, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 14%, etc.;
0 to 5% of reinforcing fibers, for example, 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4.5%, etc.;
6 to 25% of water, for example, 10%, 15%, 20%, 44%, etc.
And step 3: and (3) filling the building mortar for the building light wall board obtained in the step (2) into a forming die, paving, and demolding after pressurization, extrusion or solidification forming to obtain the building light wall board blank.
And 4, step 4: and (4) conveying the building light wall body blank obtained in the step (3) into a curing device for curing to obtain the building light wall board.
Sending the building light wall board blank into a curing device for curing, comprising the following steps: and (2) heating the building light wall board blank in a curing room by steam, or heating by using hot tail gas generated in a kiln and increasing the humidity in the curing room by using a spraying device, wherein the curing condition is that the temperature of the curing room is 20-95 ℃, the temperature rising mode is slow temperature rising (3-5 ℃/min) and then fast temperature rising (10-15 ℃/min), the curing time is 3-8 h, and the humidity in the curing room is more than 90%.
The invention can also adopt high-temperature steam to pressurize and cure in an autoclave, the oxygen protection pressure is 1.2-1.5 Mpa, and the curing temperature is 180-205 ℃.
In order that the above-described exemplary embodiments of the invention may be better understood, further description thereof with reference to specific examples is provided below.
Example 1
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps of crushing the serpentine tailings serving as a raw material under reduced pressure, grinding, and calcining at 850 ℃ for 10min to obtain the magnesium silicate active powder.
The powder and particle body comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: MgO 38%, SiO2 41％，CaO 3％，Fe2O3 5％，Al2O311 percent. Wherein the content of main crystal phase olivine accounts for 8%, the content of amorphous phase accounts for 90%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 2%.
(2) Mixing the obtained magnesium silicate active powder with lime according to a proportion of 80: and (3) proportioning and uniformly stirring the materials according to the mass ratio of 20 to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) The asbestos tailings are crushed and calcined at 900 ℃ for 60min to obtain the magnesite silicate containing 96% of olivine and enstatite and 4% of diopside and hercynite.
(4) Mixing a mixed cementing material, magnesium silicate sand, light ceramsite, polypropylene fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 58: 22: 3: 2: 15, after being uniformly mixed, the mixture is transferred into a 3300mm multiplied by 600mm multiplied by 90mm die and is extruded and molded under the pressure of 45MPa, and a light wallboard blank for buildings is obtained.
(5) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building at 70 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The surface density of the obtained light wall board is 90kg/m2, the compressive strength is 4.5MPa, and the fire resistance limit is 3.5 h.
Example 2
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the asbestos tailings are used as raw materials, and are subjected to pressure reduction crushing, grinding and calcination at 700 ℃ for 60min to obtain the magnesium silicate active powder.
The powder and particle body comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: MgO 30%, SiO245％，CaO 5％，Fe2O3 9％，Al2O39 percent. Wherein, the content of the main crystal phase olivine accounts for 15%, the content of the amorphous phase accounts for 80%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 5%.
(2) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, cement and a water reducing agent according to a ratio of 85: 19.7: and (3) proportioning and uniformly stirring the materials according to the mass ratio of 0.3 to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) The asbestos tailings are crushed and calcined for 15min at 1100 ℃ to obtain the magnesite silicate with the content of olivine and enstatite of 96 percent and the content of diopside and ferrispinel of 4 percent.
(3) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, magnesium silicate sand, expanded perlite, glass fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 50: 23: 10: 5: 12, transferring the mixture into a die with the diameter of 3000mm multiplied by 1200mm multiplied by 100mm after being uniformly mixed, and carrying out extrusion forming under the pressure of 40MPa to obtain a light wallboard blank for buildings.
(4) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building in an autoclave at 1.5Mpa and 200 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The surface density of the obtained light wallboard is 100kg/m2, the compressive strength is 5.5MPa, and the fire resistance limit is 5 h.
Example 3
A preparation method of a building light wallboard comprises the following steps:
(1) the asbestos tailings are used as raw materials, and are subjected to pressure reduction crushing, grinding and calcination at 750 ℃ for 30min to obtain magnesium silicate active powder.
The powder and particle body comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: 35% of MgO and SiO239％，CaO 4％，Fe2O3 8％，Al2O312 percent. Wherein, the content of the main crystal phase olivine accounts for 10%, the content of the amorphous phase accounts for 87%, and the content of the rest crystal phase accounts for 3%.
(2) Mixing the obtained magnesium silicate active powder with calcined gypsum according to the weight ratio of 70: and (3) proportioning and uniformly stirring the materials according to the mass ratio of 30 to obtain the mixed cementing material for the building mortar.
(3) Crushing the serpentine tailings, and calcining the serpentine tailings for 30min at 1000 ℃ to obtain the magnesium silicate sand with the contents of olivine and enstatite of 97 percent and the contents of diopside and hercynite of 3 percent.
(4) Mixing magnesium silicate active powder, magnesium silicate sand, river sand, ceramic fiber and water according to a mass ratio of 55: 25: 8: 2: 18, uniformly mixing, placing into a 2800mm × 610mm × 800mm die, and carrying out extrusion forming under the pressure of 35MPa to obtain a light wallboard blank for buildings.
(5) And curing the light wallboard blank for the building at 60 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the light wallboard for the building, which mainly comprises the magnesium silicate sand and the magnesium silicate active powder. The surface density of the obtained light wallboard is 75kg/m2, the compressive strength is 4.0MPa, and the fire resistance limit is 4 h.
Although the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a building light wallboard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the mass ratio of 65-90: 10-35: 0-2, uniformly mixing the magnesium silicate active powder, the cementing material and the auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed cementing material;
according to the mass ratio of 45-60: 15-40: 0-15: 0-15: 0-5: 6-25, uniformly mixing the mixed cementing material, the magnesium silicate sand, the building sand, the lightweight aggregate, the reinforcing fiber and water to obtain building mortar;
placing the building mortar into a forming die, forming, and demolding to obtain a building light wallboard blank;
and curing the building light wallboard blank to obtain the building light wallboard.
2. The method for preparing the light wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate powder comprises the following components by mass percent:
25～40％MgO，38～45％SiO2，2～5％CaO，2～15％Fe2O3，5～15％Al2O3。
3. the method for preparing lightweight wallboard for buildings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate powder comprises amorphous magnesium silicate component, crystalline phase is less than 30%, and crystalline phase comprises olivine phase.
4. The method for preparing light weight wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium silicate powder is prepared by the following method:
pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain first powder;
calcining the first powder body to obtain magnesium silicate active powder, wherein the calcining temperature is 600-900 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the serpentine mineral feedstock comprises at least one of serpentine type exfoliated waste rock, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings, and asbestos tailings.
6. The method of making a lightweight wallboard for construction according to claim 1, wherein the cementitious material comprises at least one of cement, lime and plaster of paris;
the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of retarder, early strength agent and water reducing agent.
7. The method for preparing the light weight wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the light weight aggregate comprises at least one of expanded perlite, light weight ceramsite, pumice and organic matter foaming particles;
the reinforcing fiber includes at least one of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, organic fiber and plant fiber.
8. The method for preparing a light wallboard for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the magnesite silicate is prepared by the following method:
pretreating the solid waste containing serpentine to obtain second powder, wherein the solid waste containing serpentine comprises at least one of serpentine stripped waste stone, serpentine tailings, asbestos tailings and asbestos tailings;
and calcining the second powder to obtain the magnesium silicate sand, wherein the calcining temperature is 850-1200 ℃, and the calcining time is less than 1.5 h.
9. A construction lightweight wallboard prepared by the method for preparing the construction lightweight wallboard according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The building lightweight wallboard of claim 9, wherein the areal density of the building lightweight wallboard is 70-110 kg/m2The compressive strength is more than or equal to 3.5Mpa, and the fire resistance limit is more than or equal to 1 h.
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| CN114644500A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-06-21 | 福建众合开发建筑设计院有限公司 | Novel light wallboard material for prefabricated building and preparation method thereof |
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