CN113815225B - Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device - Google Patents
Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113815225B CN113815225B CN202111122641.0A CN202111122641A CN113815225B CN 113815225 B CN113815225 B CN 113815225B CN 202111122641 A CN202111122641 A CN 202111122641A CN 113815225 B CN113815225 B CN 113815225B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- printing
- nozzle
- reinforcing
- slurry
- controllable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for direct-writing forming 3D printing of a composite material with controllable reinforcing phase arrangement, wherein the device comprises the following steps: a three-dimensional movement mechanism; a slurry delivery mechanism comprising: a cartridge for loading printing paste; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or pasty mixture and comprises a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system; a pressurizing device for providing a pushing force for extruding the printing paste; the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel; and the computer control system is used for controlling the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism. The nozzle rotating mechanism is controlled to drive the nozzle to rotate, so that the printing paste in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, the printing paste can generate a shear rheological effect during extrusion, the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a paste printing path and can be positioned controllably, and the whole or partial mechanical properties of a printing product are improved in a targeted manner, so that a composite material component with special mechanical properties is prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of printing, in particular to a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device.
Background
Compared with the traditional material, the reinforced composite material has the characteristics of excellent mechanical property, small specific gravity, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like. Is widely applied to the preparation of key structural components in aircrafts, automobiles and precision machinery. The composite material component with light weight, high strength and toughness and impact resistance can be prepared, the comprehensive performance and service life of the composite material component can be improved, and the loss of resources and energy sources can be reduced. Composite components meeting the above characteristics typically have complex trans-scale gradient composite structures.
Direct write 3D printing is a common method of preparing composite components with complex structures. However, the printing precision of the prior art is low, the arrangement mode of the conventional reinforcing phases which are far smaller than the diameter of the nozzle and have no special field response characteristic is difficult to control, the reinforcing phases in the prepared composite material component product are arranged irregularly, and the mechanical properties of the micro-scale are unstable, so that the macroscopic mechanical properties and the service life of the composite material component can be influenced, and the application of the composite material component is further limited.
Accordingly, the prior art is still in need of improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the reinforced phase arrangement is controllable, and the reinforced phase arrangement is arranged randomly in a printing entity to cause unstable micromechanics in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct write forming 3D printing device, comprising:
a three-dimensional movement mechanism;
the slurry conveying mechanism is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism; the slurry conveying mechanism comprises:
the charging barrel is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or pasty mixture and comprises a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;
the pressurizing device is arranged on the charging barrel and is used for providing pushing force for extruding printing slurry;
the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel;
and the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the slurry conveying mechanism, the nozzle rotating mechanism and the three-dimensional movement mechanism.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device, wherein the nozzle rotating mechanism comprises:
the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the charging barrel;
a luer fitting disposed on the connector;
a nozzle provided in the luer fitting;
the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and the positioning is controllable;
the reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device, wherein the rotary driving device comprises:
the rotary driving piece is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism;
a pulley provided on a rotating shaft of the rotation driving member;
and two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the connecting piece and the belt wheel.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device, wherein the three-dimensional movement mechanism comprises:
a base;
the sliding component is arranged on the base;
the motor is arranged on the sliding component and used for driving the sliding component to move;
and the fixed clamp is arranged on the sliding assembly and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing device, wherein the sliding component comprises:
the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;
the X-axis moving part is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;
the Z-axis sliding rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;
the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis sliding rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;
the Y-axis moving part is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis moving piece is connected with the fixed clamp; or alternatively
The base is an equilateral triangle base, and the sliding assembly comprises:
three vertical sliding rails are vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base respectively;
the three vertical moving parts are respectively arranged on each vertical sliding rail;
and one end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with each vertical moving part, the other end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with the fixing clamp, and the fixing clamp is moved in a three-dimensional coordinate system under the combined action of the three vertical moving parts moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.
A 3D printing method for direct write forming of a composite material with controllable reinforcing phase arrangement, which uses the device as set forth in any one of the above to print, wherein the printing method comprises:
providing a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or pasty mixture meeting printing requirements, and then filling the semi-fluid or pasty mixture into the charging barrel;
the nozzle is driven to rotate through the nozzle rotating mechanism;
the pressurizing device is used for pressurizing the printing paste in the feed cylinder, so that the printing paste is extruded from the nozzle rotating mechanism, and the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along a paste printing path and can be controllably positioned.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps of: at least one of a metal material, a ceramic material and a polymer material;
the reinforcing phase comprises: the microcosmic morphology is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, carbon simple substance and high molecular compound in one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional lamellar morphology;
the auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, an antifoaming agent, a lubricant, and a curing agent.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-writing forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps of:
the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the charging barrel;
a luer fitting disposed on the connector;
a nozzle provided in the luer fitting;
the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the nozzle rotation mechanism to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and can be positioned controllably;
the diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 mu m, the rotating speed of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0Mpa-2Mpa.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-write forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps:
and curing the printing sizing agent to obtain an initial printing product, and performing post-treatment on the initial printing product to obtain a target printing product.
The reinforcing phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-write forming 3D printing method comprises the following steps of: at least one of natural curing, photo-curing and low temperature curing;
the post-processing includes: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating.
The beneficial effects are that: the nozzle rotating mechanism is controlled to drive the nozzle to rotate, so that the printing paste in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, the printing paste can generate a shear rheological effect during extrusion, and the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a paste printing path and are controllable in positioning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a 3D printing device for direct-write forming of a composite material with controllable arrangement of reinforcement phases in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a 3D printing device for direct-write forming of a composite material with controllable arrangement of reinforcement phases in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the enhanced phase oriented in the print path when the nozzle is not rotating in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the enhanced phase oriented in the print path when the nozzles are not rotating in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the invention with the reinforcing phase oriented in the print path as the nozzle rotates.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the enhanced phase oriented in the print path as the nozzle rotates in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a structure in which reinforcing phases at the middle part of a printing path are spirally arranged in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the reinforcing phases at both end portions of the printing path in a spiral arrangement in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention in which the reinforcing phase is spirally arranged at the first rotational speed.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention in which the reinforcing phase is arranged in a spiral at the second rotation speed.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the nozzle of the present invention in which the reinforcing phases are arranged in a spiral in the first direction.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the reinforcing phase in a spiral arrangement of the nozzle in the second direction in the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a pressurizing device; 2. a charging barrel; 3. a connecting piece; 4. a luer fitting; 5. a nozzle; 6. a synchronous belt; 7. a belt wheel; 8. a rotary driving member; 9. a fixing clamp; 10. a computer control system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-12, embodiments of a composite direct write 3D printing device with controllable reinforcement phase arrangement are provided.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing device, comprising:
a three-dimensional movement mechanism;
slurry conveying mechanism, slurry conveying mechanism includes:
a charging barrel 2 arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or pasty mixture and comprises a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;
a pressurizing device 1 provided to the cartridge 2 and configured to provide a pushing force for extruding the printing paste;
a nozzle rotating mechanism arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel 2,
and the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism.
The three-dimensional movement mechanism is a device which can move in three-dimensional space, the nozzle rotation mechanism is a device for driving the nozzles to rotate, when printing operation is carried out, the computer control system 10 controls the pressurizing device 1 to apply pushing force to the printing paste in the charging barrel 2, so that the printing paste is smoothly extruded, the nozzle 5 is driven to rotate by controlling the nozzle rotation mechanism, the parameters of the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the nozzle 5 are regulated, and the arrangement mode (deflection angle and pitch) of the enhancement phase in the printing path is changed. Compared with the common 3D printing, the mechanical property of the printing product is obviously improved, and the application requirements of the composite material component with a high-performance bionic structure (such as a cloth Li Gang structure of a hammer toe rod of a mantis, a brick-concrete structure of a shellfish pearl layer, a columnar fiber structure of a bamboo thick wall and the like) can be met.
It is worth to say that, the invention is based on the traditional direct-writing forming printing technology, proposes the auxiliary shear stress field control enhancement phase arrangement technology, utilizes the nozzle rotating mechanism to enable printing sizing agent in the nozzle to generate the shear rheological effect, controls the orientation and the distribution of the enhancement phase in the printing sizing agent, improves the printing fineness, enables the microstructure precision of the printed composite material product to be lower than the diameter dimension of the nozzle, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional enhancement phase arrangement mode in the direct-writing forming 3D printing composite material product is uncontrollable and the micro-scale mechanical property is unstable.
Specifically, the pressurizing device 1 is connected to the cartridge 2 through a hose, so as to apply pressure to the printing paste in the cartridge 2, push the printing paste from the cartridge 2 into the nozzle rotation mechanism, and then extrude from the nozzle 5. When the nozzle rotating mechanism does not work, a rotary shear stress field does not exist in the printing paste, after the printing paste is extruded from the nozzle 5, the reinforcing phases are axially arranged along the printing path, and particularly as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the length direction of the reinforcing phases is parallel to the axial direction of the printing path.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the nozzle rotation mechanism includes:
the connecting piece 3 is rotationally connected with the charging barrel 2;
a luer fitting 4 provided to the connector 3;
a nozzle 5 provided in the luer fitting 4;
the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be arranged in a spiral manner along the slurry printing path and the positioning is controllable.
Specifically, the nozzle rotation mechanism is rotatably connected with the cartridge 2, and the nozzle 5 is rotatable relative to the cartridge 2, and the nozzle rotation mechanism drives the nozzle 5 to rotate specifically by a rotation driving device. Under the action of the rotary driving device, zhou Xiangjian stress field is generated by the printing paste in the nozzle 5, so that the shearing rheological effect is generated when the printing paste is extruded, the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along the paste printing path and are positioned controllably, and the whole or partial mechanical property of the printing product is purposefully improved, so that the composite material component with special mechanical property is prepared.
The reinforcing phases are spirally arranged in the printing path through the cooperation of the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism, the change of the spiral size of the reinforcing phases can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the rotary driving device, and when the rotating speed is high, the spiral pitch of the reinforcing phases is small, and the included angle between the reinforcing phases and the central axis of the printing path is large; when the rotating speed is low, the screw pitch of the reinforcing phase spiral arrangement is large, and the included angle between the reinforcing phase and the central axis of the printing path is small.
The diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, and the length-diameter ratio of the reinforcing phase is 8-200. The pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0Mpa-2Mpa. Under these parameters, a controlled helical arrangement of the reinforcing phase in the matrix material is facilitated.
The end of the feed cylinder 2 connected with the connecting piece 3 is narrowed, so that the length direction of the reinforcing phase tends to be aligned in the direction of the central axis of the nozzle 5, the orientation of the reinforcing phase is convenient to initially control, the reinforcing phase is oriented to the nozzle 5, and the controllability of the arrangement direction of the reinforcing phase in the nozzle 5 is improved.
Specifically, since the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the pressurizing device 1, and the rotation driving device need to be controlled synchronously during printing, the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the pressurizing device 1, and the rotation driving device are controlled by the computer control system 10. The start and stop, rotational speed and steering of the rotary drive are controlled by the computer control system 10. The control of the rotary driving device can be realized by programming a program for controlling the rotary driving device into the computer control system 10, and structural materials with reinforcing phases in different arrangement modes can be printed in one operation program by controlling the movement mode of the rotary driving device, so that the overall or local mechanical properties of the materials can be improved in a targeted manner.
In particular, the advantage of using a luer connection 4 between the connector 3 and the nozzle 5 is:
(1) Luer fitting 4 is a standardized fitting with excellent air tightness.
(2) The nozzle 5 is easy to replace. When the nozzle 5 is plugged during printing, a new nozzle 5 can be directly replaced.
The outlet of the nozzle 5 is narrowed to further facilitate the axial alignment of the reinforcement phase along the nozzle 5. The outlet diameter of the nozzle 5 is 0.1mm-3mm, that is, the diameter at the smallest of the outlet of the nozzle 5 is 0.1mm-3mm.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the rotation driving device includes:
a rotation driving member 8 provided to the three-dimensional movement mechanism;
a pulley 7 provided on a rotation shaft of the rotation driving member 8;
and the two ends of the synchronous belt 6 are respectively connected with the connecting piece 3 and the belt pulley 7.
Specifically, in order to realize the rotation of the nozzle 5, the rotation driving member 8 and the synchronous belt 6 are adopted to drive the nozzle 5 to rotate, and specifically drive the connecting member 3 to rotate. The pulley 7 is provided with a first belt groove, the connecting piece 3 is provided with a second belt groove, the synchronous belt 6 surrounds the outside of the pulley 7 and the connecting piece 3 and is clamped in the first belt groove and the second belt groove, so that friction force between the synchronous belt 6 and the pulley 7 and friction force between the synchronous belt 6 and the connecting piece 3 can be increased, and stability of rotating speed of the nozzle 5 can be ensured. The rotational speed of the nozzle 5 is in the range of 0-3000rpm. The rotary drive 8 may be a servo motor or a stepper motor.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the three-dimensional motion mechanism of the device includes:
a base;
the sliding component is arranged on the base;
the motor is arranged on the sliding component and used for driving the sliding component to move;
and a fixing clamp 9 which is arranged on the sliding component and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece 8.
The slide assembly means a slidable member, and the fixing jig 9 means a member for fixing the cartridge and the nozzle rotation mechanism (specifically, fixing the rotary driver 8 in the nozzle rotation mechanism). The fixed clamp 9 is moved through the sliding component, so that the feed cylinder and the nozzle rotating mechanism are driven to move, and printing slurry is printed on the corresponding position.
In a preferred implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, the sliding assembly may employ a sliding rail movement system, and the sliding assembly includes:
the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;
the X-axis moving part is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;
the Z-axis sliding rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;
the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis sliding rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;
the Y-axis moving part is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis moving member is connected with the fixed clamp 9.
Specifically, the X-axis moving member refers to a member moving in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis moving member refers to a member moving in the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis moving member refers to a member moving in the Z-axis direction, and the nozzle rotating mechanism can be positioned at any position in the XY-plane coordinate system by the X-axis moving member and the Y-axis moving member, thereby facilitating printing.
Specifically, in the printing process, a layer-by-layer printing mode is adopted, when each layer is printed, the nozzle rotating mechanism can be aligned to any position of the layer to print through the X-axis moving part and the Y-axis moving part, then the nozzle rotating mechanism is lifted to the height of one layer through the Z-axis moving part, and the printing of the next layer is continuously carried out through the X-axis moving part and the Y-axis moving part until the printing is finished.
The nozzle rotation mechanism may be moved by a three-dimensional movement mechanism of a delta structure.
The base is an equilateral triangle base, and the sliding assembly comprises:
three vertical sliding rails are vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base respectively;
the three vertical moving parts are respectively arranged on the vertical sliding rail;
and one end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with each vertical moving part, the other end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with the fixed clamp 9, and the movement of the fixed clamp 9 in a three-dimensional coordinate system is realized through the combined action of the three vertical moving parts moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.
Specifically, a delta structure is adopted, and the positions of the three vertical moving parts on the vertical sliding rail are adjusted, so that the three parallel arms can be driven to adjust the positions of the nozzle rotating mechanism in a three-dimensional space.
Based on the reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-write forming 3D printing device in any embodiment, the invention further provides a preferred embodiment of a reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct-write forming 3D printing method:
as shown in fig. 1, the 3D printing method for the reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S100, providing a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or pasty mixture meeting printing requirements, and then filling the semi-fluid or pasty mixture into the charging barrel.
Specifically, the matrix material includes: at least one of metal material, ceramic material and polymer material. For example, the matrix material is alumina ceramic powder.
The reinforcing phase comprises: the microcosmic form is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, carbon simple substance and high molecular compound in one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional lamellar form.
Specifically, the staple fiber comprises: at least one of metal fibers, oxide fibers, carbide fibers, boride fibers, nitride fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers, and polyester fibers. The two-dimensional sheet-like morphology of the material includes: silicon alkene, germanium alkene, graphene, phosphazene, boron alkene stannene, transition metal disulfides (TMDs, such as MoS 2 、ReS 2 、ReSe 2 ) Transition metal carbon (nitrogen) compounds (e.g. Mo 2 C、W 2 C. WC, taC), hexagonal boron nitride.
The auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, an antifoaming agent, a lubricant, and a curing agent.
For example, in the auxiliary reagent system, ammonium polyacrylate with the mass fraction of 2% is adopted, polyethylene glycol diacrylate with the mass fraction of 1% and polyethylene glycol with the mass fraction of 1% are respectively used as a dispersing agent, a binder and a plasticizer, so as to prevent agglomeration of printing paste and strengthen the adhesiveness and flowability of the paste.
In order to ensure the performance of the composite material, the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary agent system are mixed first so that the reinforcing phase is uniformly dispersed in the matrix material, and after the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary agent system are uniformly mixed, the mixture is loaded into the cartridge 2, specifically, after the mixture is well mixed, the reinforcing phase is in a disordered state in the printing paste, that is, the reinforcing phase is not arranged in a certain order.
Step 200, driving the nozzle 5 to rotate through the nozzle rotating mechanism.
Specifically, when the rotation driving device drives the nozzle 5 to rotate in the nozzle rotation mechanism, the reinforcing phases are circumferentially arranged around the central axis of the nozzle 5, and when the reinforcing phases are circumferentially arranged around the central axis of the nozzle 5, the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing phases is not necessarily parallel to the outlet direction of the nozzle 5. In order to ensure that the reinforcing phases are arranged in a spiral in the printing paste, the pressurizing device 1 may be started first so that the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing phases is directed to the outlet of the nozzle 5, and then the rotary driving device is started to drive the nozzle 5 to rotate. The reinforcing phase is spirally arranged in the printing paste in cooperation with the rotary driving device and the pressurizing device 1.
And step S300, pressurizing the printing paste in the feed cylinder through the pressurizing device to enable the printing paste to be extruded from the nozzle rotating mechanism, so that the reinforcing phases can be arranged in a spiral mode along a paste printing path and the positioning is controllable.
When the sizes of the reinforcing phases are different, the parameters of the printing apparatus are also different. When the size of the reinforcing phase is large, a nozzle having a large outlet diameter is used, and when the size of the reinforcing phase is small, a nozzle having a large outlet diameter may be used, or a nozzle having a small outlet diameter may be used. The diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 mu m, the rotating speed of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0Mpa-2Mpa.
Specifically, when the carbon nano tube is adopted as the reinforcing phase, the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle is 0.2mm-0.5mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-50nm, the rotating speed range of the nozzle is 0-800rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0.5Mpa-0.6Mpa.
Specifically, when the reinforcing phase adopts carbon fiber, the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle is 1mm-2mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 μm, the rotating speed of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device 1 is 0.8Mpa-1.2Mpa.
And step 400, curing the printing slurry to obtain an initial printing product.
And after the sample is printed, curing the printed sample to obtain an initial printed product. The curing treatment includes: at least one of natural curing, photo curing, and low temperature curing.
And S500, performing post-treatment on the initial printing product to obtain a target printing product. The post-processing includes: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating. The heat treatment includes degreasing pre-sintering and high-temperature sintering.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
1. And establishing a three-dimensional model, storing the model into an STL file format, and slicing the file.
2. And preparing printing slurry required for printing, and adding the printing slurry into the charging barrel 2 after the preparation is finished.
3. By programming and setting the computer control system 10, the motion track of the nozzle rotating mechanism, the pressurizing size and the rotation of the rotation driving device can be controlled, and the sliced three-dimensional model STL file can be input for printing.
4. The connecting piece 3 is rotatably connected with the feed cylinder 2, the pressurizing device 1 applies pushing force to printing paste in the feed cylinder 2 through a hose, so that the printing paste is extruded into a nozzle rotating mechanism from the feed cylinder 2 and then is extruded by the nozzle 5. The nozzle 5 is capable of circular movement relative to the barrel 2, and when the nozzle 5 rotates, the printing paste in the nozzle can generate a circumferential shear stress field, so that the printing paste generates a shear rheological effect when being extruded, and the reinforcing phases are spirally arranged along a paste printing path.
5. The start and stop, rotational speed and steering of the nozzle rotation mechanism are controlled by the computer control system 10. The control of the nozzle rotation mechanism can be realized by programming a program for controlling the nozzle rotation mechanism into the computer control system 10, and structural materials with reinforcing phases in different arrangement modes can be printed in one operation program by controlling the movement mode of the nozzle rotation mechanism, so that the overall or local mechanical properties of the materials can be improved in a targeted manner.
6. The change of the size of the enhancement phase spiral can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the nozzle rotating mechanism (specifically controlling the rotating driving device), namely, when the rotating speed is high, the pitch of the enhancement phase spiral arrangement is small, and the included angle between the enhancement phase and the central axis of the printing path is large; when the rotating speed is low, the screw pitch of the reinforcing phase spiral arrangement is large, and the included angle between the reinforcing phase and the central axis of the printing path is small.
7. And when in printing, the 3D printing system prints the sliced model layer by layer. After each layer of printing is finished, the nozzle rotating mechanism can be lifted to the height of one layer in the Z-axis direction, and then printing of the next layer is performed. Repeating the steps until the printing is finished.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the nozzle rotation mechanism is not activated (i.e., the rotation driving device is not activated) and only the pressurizing device 1 is activated, the nozzle 5 does not rotate, and a circumferential shear stress field cannot be formed, so that the reinforcing phases are aligned in the axial direction of the printing path.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the nozzle rotation mechanism and the pressurizing device 1 are activated, the nozzle 5 rotates to form a circumferential shear stress field, and the reinforcing phases are arranged in a spiral in the print path.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the nozzle rotation mechanism may be started or stopped in the middle, for example, when the pressurizing device 1 is started first and then the pressurizing device 1 is started for a while, the nozzle rotation mechanism is started, and the reinforcing phase at the middle of the print path is obtained in a spiral arrangement (as shown in fig. 7). The nozzle rotation mechanism and the pressurizing device 1 may be started at the same time, then the nozzle rotation mechanism is stopped, and after stopping the nozzle rotation mechanism for a period of time, the nozzle rotation mechanism is started again, so that the reinforcing phases at both ends are arranged in a spiral shape (as shown in fig. 8).
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, by adjusting the rotational speed of the nozzle 5, the angle between the spirally arranged reinforcing phase and the central axis of the composite material can be adjusted
Thereby adjusting the pitch of the reinforcing phase spiral arrangement and the positioning direction of the reinforcing phase. The rotational speed used in fig. 9 is greater than that used in fig. 10, then +.>
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the spiral direction of the reinforcing phases arranged in a spiral manner may be adjusted by changing the rotation direction of the nozzle 5.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a reinforcing phase arranges controllable combined material direct writing shaping 3D printing device which characterized in that includes:
a three-dimensional movement mechanism;
the slurry conveying mechanism is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism; the slurry conveying mechanism comprises:
the charging barrel is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and used for loading printing slurry; the printing slurry is a semi-fluid or pasty mixture and comprises a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system;
the pressurizing device is arranged on the charging barrel and is used for providing pushing force for extruding printing slurry;
the nozzle rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the charging barrel;
the computer control system is respectively connected with the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism and is used for controlling the three-dimensional movement mechanism, the slurry conveying mechanism and the nozzle rotating mechanism;
the nozzle rotation mechanism includes:
the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the charging barrel;
a luer fitting disposed on the connector;
a nozzle provided in the luer fitting;
the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the connecting piece to rotate and driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be arranged in a spiral manner along the slurry printing path and the positioning is controllable.
2. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite direct write molding 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotary drive means comprises:
the rotary driving piece is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism;
a pulley provided on a rotating shaft of the rotation driving member;
and two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the connecting piece and the belt wheel.
3. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct write molding 3D printing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional motion mechanism comprises:
a base;
the sliding component is arranged on the base;
the motor is arranged on the sliding component and used for driving the sliding component to move;
and the fixed clamp is arranged on the sliding assembly and is connected with the charging barrel and the rotary driving piece.
4. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite direct write molding 3D printing apparatus of claim 3, wherein the slide assembly comprises:
the X-axis sliding rail is arranged on the base;
the X-axis moving part is arranged on the X-axis sliding rail;
the Z-axis sliding rail is arranged on the X-axis moving piece;
the Z-axis moving piece is arranged on the Z-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis sliding rail is arranged on the Z-axis moving piece;
the Y-axis moving part is arranged on the Y-axis sliding rail;
the Y-axis moving piece is connected with the fixed clamp; or alternatively
The base is an equilateral triangle base, and the sliding assembly comprises:
three vertical sliding rails are vertically arranged at each corner of the equilateral triangle base respectively;
the three vertical moving parts are respectively arranged on each vertical sliding rail;
and one end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with each vertical moving part, the other end of each parallel arm is rotationally connected with the fixing clamp, and the fixing clamp is moved in a three-dimensional coordinate system under the combined action of the three vertical moving parts moving in the vertical direction and the parallel arms.
5. A method for direct write forming 3D printing of a composite material with controllable reinforcement phase arrangement, using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the printing method comprises:
providing a matrix material, a reinforcing phase and an auxiliary reagent system, mixing the matrix material, the reinforcing phase and the auxiliary reagent system into a semi-fluid or pasty mixture meeting printing requirements, and then filling the semi-fluid or pasty mixture into the charging barrel;
the nozzle is driven to rotate by the nozzle rotating mechanism;
the pressurizing device is used for pressurizing the printing paste in the feed cylinder, so that the printing paste is extruded from the nozzle rotating mechanism, and the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along a paste printing path and can be controllably positioned.
6. The method for direct write molding 3D printing of a composite material with controllable reinforcement phase arrangement according to claim 5, wherein the matrix material in the printing paste comprises: at least one of a metal material, a ceramic material and a polymer material;
the reinforcing phase comprises: the microcosmic morphology is at least one of metal, oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, carbon simple substance and high molecular compound in one-dimensional short fiber or two-dimensional lamellar morphology;
the auxiliary reagent system comprises: at least one of a dispersant, a surfactant, a binder, a plasticizer, a suspending agent, an antifoaming agent, a lubricant, and a curing agent.
7. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite direct write molding 3D printing method of claim 5, wherein the nozzle rotation mechanism comprises:
the connecting piece is rotationally connected with the charging barrel;
a luer fitting disposed on the connector;
a nozzle provided in the luer fitting;
the rotary driving device is arranged on the three-dimensional movement mechanism and is used for driving the nozzle to rotate so that the reinforcing phases can be spirally arranged along the slurry printing path and the positioning is controllable;
the diameter of the nozzle is 0.1mm-3mm, the diameter of the reinforcing phase is 1nm-11 mu m, the rotating speed of the nozzle is 0-3000rpm, and the pressure of the pressurizing device is 0Mpa-2Mpa.
8. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite direct write molding 3D printing method of claim 5, further comprising:
and curing the printing sizing agent to obtain an initial printing product, and performing post-treatment on the initial printing product to obtain a target printing product.
9. The reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite direct write molding 3D printing method of claim 8, wherein the curing process comprises: at least one of natural curing, photo-curing and low temperature curing;
the post-processing includes: at least one of cleaning, machining, and heat treating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111122641.0A CN113815225B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111122641.0A CN113815225B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113815225A CN113815225A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
| CN113815225B true CN113815225B (en) | 2023-06-02 |
Family
ID=78915344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111122641.0A Active CN113815225B (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2021-09-24 | Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113815225B (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6475232B2 (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2019-02-27 | マークフォージド，インコーポレーテッド | Fiber reinforced additive manufacturing method |
| JP2015030211A (en) * | 2013-08-04 | 2015-02-16 | 泰 金田 | Three-dimensional printing method and 3d printer, capable of performing printing along natural direction |
| US10150249B2 (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-12-11 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Dual head extruder for three-dimensional additive printer |
| US11701813B2 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2023-07-18 | Kornit Digital Technologies Ltd. | Methods for three-dimensionally printing and associated multi-input print heads and systems |
| RU2724163C1 (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-06-22 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «АМТ» | Building mix extruder for 3d printer |
| US11220049B2 (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-01-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System and method for three-dimensional printing of fiber reinforced thermoplastics with multi-axial reinforcement |
-
2021
- 2021-09-24 CN CN202111122641.0A patent/CN113815225B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113815225A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10384393B2 (en) | Polymeric ceramic precursors, apparatuses, systems, and methods | |
| Lu et al. | Microstructure control of highly oriented short carbon fibres in SiC matrix composites fabricated by direct ink writing | |
| CN109226766B (en) | Device and method for preparing metal matrix composite material in high flux | |
| JP6707319B2 (en) | Additional manufacturing system and additional manufacturing method | |
| JP2018536770A (en) | 3D printing device | |
| Doreau et al. | Stereolithography for manufacturing ceramic parts | |
| WO2019213602A1 (en) | A crafting medium containing a water-based binder composition for three-dimensional printing | |
| US20140183792A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for freeze-form extrusion fabrication of functionally gradient composite parts | |
| CN110756805B (en) | 3D printing device for laser selective solidification metal and application method thereof | |
| US20190070778A1 (en) | Additive manufacturing systems and process automation | |
| CN107803983A (en) | Preparation method and application method for the compound 4D print wires of shape-memory polymer of fusion sediment printing | |
| JP2020501941A (en) | Material system for additive manufacturing | |
| Ye et al. | Direct ink writing of 3D-Honeycombed CL-20 structures with low critical size | |
| WO2015120429A1 (en) | Three-dimensional (3d) printed composite structure and 3d printable composite ink formulation | |
| CN108456456B (en) | 3D direct-writing zirconia colloidal ink | |
| CN101376932A (en) | Preparation and preparing apparatus for magnesium-based composite material | |
| Yang et al. | 3D gel-printing of Sr ferrite parts | |
| CN112140533B (en) | 3D printing device and method for compounding continuous fibers and particle matrix material | |
| CN113815225B (en) | Reinforced phase arrangement controllable composite material direct writing forming 3D printing method and device | |
| CN113997565B (en) | 3D printing equipment and method for integrally manufacturing functionally graded material and three-dimensional structure | |
| Piotter et al. | Metal and ceramic parts fabricated by microminiature powder injection molding | |
| CN103847104A (en) | Three-dimensional waxing printer and using method thereof | |
| CN205629377U (en) | Printable metal powder's fused deposition type 3D printing device | |
| Martin et al. | Low cost 3D printing of metals using filled polymer pellets | |
| Vaidyanathan | Additive manufacturing technologies for polymers and composites |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |