CN113814678B - Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part - Google Patents
Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113814678B CN113814678B CN202111400011.5A CN202111400011A CN113814678B CN 113814678 B CN113814678 B CN 113814678B CN 202111400011 A CN202111400011 A CN 202111400011A CN 113814678 B CN113814678 B CN 113814678B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- processing
- milling
- pressing plate
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses an integral processing technology of a stainless steel box type structural part, which relates to the technical field of processing technology and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, drawing the appearance of a part on a blank, and determining the blank allowance; then roughly milling a reference, and roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank according to the thickness of the part; then roughly milling the shape, and roughly milling the shape of the part on the blank; then, checking whether the size of the part is qualified and the size of the deformation; further carrying out heat treatment on the part to eliminate the residual stress of the part; then, the deformation of the heat-treated part is checked; thereby correcting the part according to the deformation amount; finally, finish milling the appearance, and finish milling the corrected part to obtain the appearance of the part; according to the invention, different cutting processes are adopted for different places, and a special tool is adopted, so that the deformation of parts is reduced, and the process development speed is accelerated by utilizing a parameter optimization method based on the force measuring knife handle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining processes, in particular to an integral machining process for a stainless steel box type structural member.
Background
The box-type structural part mainly has beam-type and plate-type structures, the thickness of structural parts is smaller than the length and width, and the parts tend to curl during processing; in terms of material properties, stainless steel, particularly austenitic stainless steel, has low thermal conductivity and serious work hardening phenomenon, so that the cutting force and the cutting heat are large and difficult to be taken away by cutting chips during the processing of the stainless steel; in conclusion, stainless steel is easy to deform in the machining process, and the tool abrasion speed is higher than that of common structural steel in the machining process.
In terms of material manufacturing, in order to improve material performance, a structural part adopts a forging blank, but the forging can cause the inside of the blank to generate considerable internal stress, and after mechanical processing, the internal stress is released to cause the deformation of parts to be out of tolerance; in addition, the general size of whole structure spare is great, and the structure is complicated, uses conventional general clamping frock probably to lead to the clamping locating surface not enough, and weak rigidity position support nature is not enough, and these clamping problems all can cause the machining precision poor, and the processing deformation is difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the whole machining process for the stainless steel box type structural part solves the problems that the existing box type structural part is easy to deform in the machining process, the tool abrasion speed is higher during machining, the deformation of a machined and formed part is larger, a conventional universal clamping tool is used, the clamping positioning surface is possibly insufficient, the weak rigidity position is insufficient in support, the machining precision is poor, and the machining deformation is difficult to control.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-3, an overall process for manufacturing a stainless steel box structure includes the following steps:
s1: drawing the appearance of the part on the blank, and determining the blank allowance; as shown in fig. 2, the thick lines are blank outlines, and the thin lines are part outlines;
s2: roughly milling a reference, roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of a blank according to the thickness of a part, and reserving a certain allowance; after the machining is finished, detecting flatness errors of the top surface and the bottom surface of the blank, wherein the flatness errors are guaranteed to be within 1m, otherwise, subsequent clamping generates larger clamping stress, and adverse effects are caused on subsequent deformation elimination;
s3: roughly milling the appearance, roughly milling the appearance of a part on the blank after rough milling reference, and reserving a certain allowance;
s4: checking whether the size of the part is qualified and the size of the deformation; the inspection can be carried out manually;
s5: carrying out heat treatment on the part to eliminate the residual stress of the part;
s6: inspecting the deformation of the heat-treated part; the inspection can be carried out manually;
s7: correcting the part according to the deformation;
s8: and (5) finish milling the appearance, and finish milling the corrected part to obtain the part.
Further, the detailed step of step S2 is:
s21: clamping the blank; fixing the blank on a processing plane by adopting a side jacking tool and a pressing plate; for the long part of the box type structural member, vice clamping is inconvenient to use, a pressing plate is conventionally adopted to prop against a milling plane, the clamping is not firm in the mode, so that the processing parameters are low, and elastic cutters are easy to occur; if only the pressing plate is used for pressing, pressure is applied to the processing surface of the blank, so that the blank cannot be milled flat; therefore, the part deformation caused by applying pressure to the processing surface can be avoided through the side jacking tool; as shown in fig. 3, the blank is mounted on the processing plane through a side top tool and a pressing plate;
s22: roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank according to the thickness of the part, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm; after one surface of the blank is roughly milled, turning the blank to fix again, and roughly milling the other surface;
s23: drilling at least two alignment pin holes on the blank; preferably, the number of the alignment pin holes is two, and the alignment pin holes are respectively arranged on two opposite angles of the blank; the aperture phi of the alignment pin hole is 10mm +/-0.1, and the requirement on the positioning precision of rough machining is not high, so the requirement on the aperture tolerance of the alignment pin hole is also not high; the processed blank is shown in FIG. 5.
Furthermore, the side jacking tool and the pressing plate are detachably fixed on the processing plane; preferably, the side top tool and the pressing plate are both installed on the processing plane through screws; the side top tooling is shown in fig. 4.
Further, the side top frock includes: the device comprises a fixed block which can be fixed on a processing plane and a side top bolt which is arranged on the fixed block; rotating the side top bolt to apply lateral pressure to the blank, and fixing the blank under the combined action of the side top bolt and the pressing plate; when the blank is installed, the pressing plate and the side jacking tool are installed at preset positions, then one side of the blank is tightly attached to the pressing plate and placed on a machining plane, and then the side jacking bolt is rotated, so that the blank is jacked tightly.
Further, the detailed step of step S3 is:
s31: fixing the blank after rough milling reference on a processing plane through a mounting base plate and a pressing plate; as shown in fig. 7;
s32: processing the side wall of the end part of the blank by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s33: replacing the pressing plate, and processing the end web plate on the blank by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank is mounted as shown in FIG. 8;
s34: replacing the pressing plate again, and processing the middle web plate on the blank by adopting a processing method of fast feeding to the rough milling cavity, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; after the processing of step S32-step S34, the upper half of the blank is already processed, but the lower half is not yet processed; mounting of the blanks is shown in FIG. 9
S35: at the moment, turning over the blank, and fixing the blank on a processing plane through a supporting tool and a pressing plate; the supporting tool is used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank; the supporting tool can provide enough processing rigidity for irregular parts, so that the processing parameters can be greatly improved after the supporting tool is used; the upper half part of the blank is processed and cannot be directly placed on a processing plane as the ground, so that the blank is installed by adopting a supporting tool; the subsequent processing steps of step S36-step S38 are substantially identical to steps S32-step S34; the blank is mounted as shown in FIG. 11;
s36: processing the side wall of the end part of the blank by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s37: replacing the pressing plate, and processing the end web plate on the blank by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank is mounted as shown in FIG. 12;
s38: replacing the pressing plate again, and processing the middle web plate on the blank by adopting a processing method of fast feeding to the rough milling cavity, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank is mounted as shown in FIG. 13.
Furthermore, a first positioning pin hole and a bolt hole for mounting the pressure plate are formed in the mounting base plate, and the first positioning pin hole is phi 10 and is consistent with the alignment pin hole; the number, the size and the position of the first positioning pin holes are consistent with those of alignment pin holes on the blank; the mounting base plate is detachably mounted on the processing plane and is mounted on the processing plane in a screw mode; fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the mounting mat.
Further, the structure of the supporting tool is shown in fig. 10, and the supporting tool comprises a tool base and a top plate installed on the tool base; the bottom surface of the tool base is provided with a base plate for fixing the tool base with the processing plane, and the pressing plate is pressed on the base plate and connected with the processing plane to realize the connection of the tool base and the processing plane; the number of the top plates is at least two, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent top plates; a bolt hole, a supporting block, an alignment process hole and a second positioning pin hole are arranged above the top plate; the bolt hole is used for installing a pressing plate, the supporting block is used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank, the alignment process hole is used for supporting tool alignment, the second positioning pin hole is matched with the alignment pin hole, and the number, the size and the position of the second positioning pin hole are consistent with those of the alignment pin hole in the blank.
Further, the tool base is formed by welding rectangular steel pipes, the number of the base plates is 8, the number of the top plates is 7, the 7 top plates are uniformly welded on the tool base, various supporting blocks are installed on the top plates, and the specifications and the positions of the supporting blocks can be customized according to the shapes of parts.
Further, in the step S5, the part is subjected to a low temperature tempering process to eliminate the residual stress of the part.
In step S7, the part is corrected according to the deformation amount, the part deformation amount is reduced, and the part deformation amount is controlled to be within 1 mm.
Further, the detailed step of step S8 is:
s81: fixing the part on a processing plane in a matching way through the supporting tool and the pressing plate in the step S35; part installation is shown in fig. 14;
s82: processing the side wall of the end part on the part by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s83: replacing the pressing plate, and machining the end web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling, wherein the part is installed as shown in fig. 15;
s84: replacing the pressing plate again, and machining the middle web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling, wherein the part is installed as shown in fig. 16;
s85: the pin hole is precisely corrected and aligned for turning positioning;
s86: turning the part, and fixing the part on a processing plane through a supporting tool and a pressing plate;
s87: processing the side wall of the end part on the part by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s88: replacing the pressing plate, and machining the end web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling;
s89: and replacing the pressing plate again, and machining the middle web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling.
Furthermore, the gap between the part and the supporting tool is filled by using a thin copper sheet, the principle is that the part is naturally placed on the supporting tool, and the gap between the supporting tool and the part is filled, so that the part is not deformed due to clamping when being pressed, the part is in a fixed state but has no internal stress, and the part cannot rebound and deform after a plane is milled.
Further, the processing parameters in step S2, step S3 and step S8 are selected by the following steps:
a1: preliminarily determining a group of processing parameters of each program according to experience;
a2: carrying out a cutting test by using empirical parameters and monitoring the cutting force in real time by using a spike force measuring tool handle;
a3: adjusting the set of machining parameters according to the cutting test effect and the cutting force;
a4: continuing the cutting test by using the adjusted parameters;
a5: judging whether the machining process is abnormal or not, whether the machining effect meets the requirement or not and whether the machine tool power is sufficiently utilized or not;
if not, jumping to the step A3, and continuously adjusting the set of processing parameters;
and when the judgment result is yes, the program parameter selection is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a whole machining process for a stainless steel box type structural part comprises the following steps: s1: drawing the appearance of the part on the blank, and determining the blank allowance; s2: roughly milling a reference, roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of a blank according to the thickness of a part, and reserving a certain allowance; s3: roughly milling the appearance, roughly milling the appearance of a part on the blank after rough milling reference, and reserving a certain allowance; s4: checking whether the size of the part is qualified and the size of the deformation; s5: carrying out heat treatment on the part to eliminate the residual stress of the part; s6: inspecting the deformation of the heat-treated part; s7: correcting the part according to the deformation; s8: finish milling the appearance, finish milling the part after correcting, finish milling out the part appearance; different cutting processes are adopted for different places, and a special tool is adopted, so that the deformation of parts is reduced.
2. The integral machining process of the stainless steel box type structural part comprises the following steps of S2, S3 and S8: a1: preliminarily determining a group of processing parameters of each program according to experience; a2: carrying out a cutting test by using empirical parameters and monitoring the cutting force in real time by using a spike force measuring tool handle; a3: adjusting the set of machining parameters according to the cutting test effect and the cutting force; a4: continuing the cutting test by using the adjusted parameters; a5: judging whether the machining process is abnormal or not, whether the machining effect meets the requirement or not and whether the machine tool power is sufficiently utilized or not; if not, jumping to the step A3, and continuously adjusting the set of processing parameters; when the judgment result is yes, the program parameter selection is completed; the optimal machining parameters can be quickly and accurately found by utilizing the machining parameter optimization method based on the force measuring knife handle, and compared with the prior art, the method has lower process development cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an overall processing technique of a stainless steel box type structural member;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the blank scribed in step S1, wherein the upper part is a side view and the lower part is a corresponding top view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the blank in step S21;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a side-top tooling;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the blank after processing in step S23, wherein the top side is a side view and the bottom side is a corresponding top view;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the mounting mat;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation of the blank in step S31;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the blank in step S33;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the blank set up in step S34;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a support tool;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the blank set up in step S35;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the blank set up in step S37;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the blank set up in step S38;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of the mounting of parts in step S81;
fig. 15 is a schematic view of the mounting of parts in step S83;
fig. 16 is a schematic view of the mounting of the parts in step S84;
FIG. 17 is a flow chart of using a tool shank to facilitate rapid selection of machining parameters.
Reference numerals: 1-blank, 2-part shape, 3-side jacking tool, 4-pressing plate, 31-fixing block, 32-side jacking bolt, 5-aligning pin hole, 6-mounting backing plate, 61-first positioning pin hole, 11-end side wall, 12-end web, 13-middle web, 7-supporting tool, 71-tool base, 72-top plate, 73-backing plate, 74-supporting block, 75-aligning process hole, 76-second positioning pin hole, 8-part and 9-copper sheet.
Detailed Description
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-16, an overall process for manufacturing a stainless steel box-type structural member includes the following steps:
s1: drawing a part appearance 2 on the blank 1, and determining blank allowance; as shown in fig. 2, the thick line is a blank 1, and the thin line is a part profile 2;
s2: roughly milling a reference, roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank 1 according to the thickness of the part, and reserving a certain allowance; after the machining is finished, detecting flatness errors of the top surface and the bottom surface of the blank 1, wherein the flatness errors are guaranteed to be within 1m, otherwise, subsequent clamping generates larger clamping stress, and adverse effects are caused on subsequent deformation elimination;
s3: roughly milling the shape, roughly milling the part shape 2 on the blank 1 after rough milling reference, and reserving a certain allowance; obtaining a part 8 after rough milling is finished;
s4: checking whether the size of the part 8 is qualified and the size of the deformation; the inspection can be carried out manually;
s5: carrying out heat treatment on the part 8 to eliminate the residual stress of the part 8;
s6: inspecting the deformation of the heat-treated part 8; the inspection can be carried out manually;
s7: correcting the part 8 according to the deformation;
s8: and (5) finish milling the appearance, namely finish milling the corrected part 8 to obtain the appearance of the part.
The detailed step of step S2 is:
s21: clamping the blank 1; fixing the blank 1 on a processing plane by adopting a side jacking tool 3 and a pressing plate 4; for the long part of the box type structural part, vice clamping is inconvenient to use, a milling plane is propped by the pressing plate 4 conventionally, the clamping is not firm, so that the processing parameters are low, and elastic cutters are easy to occur; if only the pressing plate 4 is used for pressing, pressure is applied to the processing surface of the blank 1, so that the blank 1 cannot be milled flat; therefore, the part deformation caused by applying pressure to the processing surface can be avoided through the side top tool 3; as shown in fig. 3, a blank 1 is mounted on a processing plane through a side top tool 3 and a pressing plate 4;
s22: roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank according to the thickness of the part, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm; after one surface of the blank is roughly milled, turning the blank 1 and fixing again, and roughly milling the other surface;
s23: drilling at least two alignment pin holes 5 on the blank 1; preferably, the number of the alignment pin holes 5 is two, and the alignment pin holes are respectively arranged on two opposite angles of the blank 1; the aperture phi of the alignment pin hole 5 is 10mm +/-0.1, and the requirement on the positioning precision of rough machining is not high, so the requirement on the aperture tolerance of the alignment pin hole 5 is also not high; the processed blank 1 is shown in FIG. 5.
The side jacking tool 3 and the pressing plate 4 are detachably fixed on the processing plane; preferably, the side top tool 3 and the pressure plate 4 are both installed on the processing plane through screws; the side top tooling 3 is shown in fig. 4.
Side top frock 3 includes: a fixed block 31 which can be fixed on the processing plane and a side top bolt 32 which is arranged on the fixed block 31; the side top bolt 32 is rotated to apply lateral pressure to the blank 1, and the blank 1 is fixed under the combined action of the side top bolt 32 and the pressing plate 4; when the blank processing device is installed, the pressing plate 4 and the side jacking tool 3 are installed at preset positions, then one side of the blank 1 is tightly attached to the pressing plate 4 and placed on a processing plane, and then the side jacking bolt 32 is rotated, so that the blank 1 is jacked tightly.
The detailed step of step S3 is:
s31: fixing the blank 1 after rough milling reference on a processing plane through a mounting base plate 6 and a pressing plate 4; as shown in fig. 7;
s32: processing the end part side wall 11 on the blank 1 by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s33: replacing the pressing plate 4, and processing the end web 12 on the blank 1 by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. 8;
s34: replacing the pressing plate 4 again, and processing the middle web plate 13 on the blank 1 by adopting a processing method of feeding the rough milling cavity with fast feeding, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; after the processing of step S32-step S34, the upper half of the blank 1 has been processed, but the lower half has not been processed; the blank 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. 9;
s35: at the moment, the blank 1 is turned over, and the blank 1 is fixed on a processing plane through a supporting tool 7 and a pressing plate 4; the supporting tool 7 is used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank 1; the supporting tool 7 can provide enough processing rigidity for irregular parts, so that the processing parameters after the supporting tool 7 is used can be greatly improved; the upper half part of the blank 1 is processed and cannot be directly placed on a processing plane as the ground, so that the blank is installed by adopting the supporting tool 7; the subsequent processing steps of step S36-step S38 are substantially identical to steps S32-step S34; the blank 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. 11;
s36: processing the end part side wall 11 on the blank 1 by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s37: replacing the pressing plate 4, and processing the end web 12 on the blank 1 by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. 12;
s38: replacing the pressing plate 4 again, and processing the middle web plate 13 on the blank 1 by adopting a processing method of feeding the rough milling cavity with fast feeding, wherein the allowance is 2 mm; the blank 1 is mounted as shown in FIG. 13.
The mounting base plate 6 is provided with a first positioning pin hole 61 and a bolt hole for mounting the pressure plate 4, and the first positioning pin hole 61 is phi 10 and is consistent with the alignment pin hole 5; the number, the size and the position of the first positioning pin holes 61 are consistent with those of the alignment pin holes 5 on the blank 1; the mounting base plate 6 is detachably mounted on the processing plane, and the mounting base plate 6 is mounted on the processing plane in a screw mode; fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the mounting mat 6.
When the fixing device is used, the mounting base plate 6 is firstly mounted on a processing plane through screws, then the blank 1 is placed on the mounting base plate 6, the alignment pin hole 5 is aligned with the first positioning pin hole 61, the bolt is inserted, and then the blank 1 is fixed by the pressing plate 4, so that the blank 1 is completely fixed on the mounting base plate 6.
The structure of the supporting tool 7 is shown in fig. 10, and the supporting tool 7 includes a tool base 71 and a top plate 72 mounted on the tool base 71; a base plate 73 for fixing with the processing plane is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool base 71, and the pressing plate 4 is pressed on the base plate 73 and connected with the processing plane to realize the connection of the tool base 71 and the processing plane; at least two of the top plates 72 are provided, and a gap is formed between the adjacent top plates 72; a bolt hole, a supporting block 74, an alignment process hole 75 and a second positioning pin hole 76 are arranged above the top plate 72; the bolt holes are used for installing the pressing plate 4, the supporting blocks 74 are used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank 1, the alignment process holes are used for supporting the alignment of the tool 7, the second positioning pin holes 76 are matched with the alignment pin holes 5 for use, and the number, the size and the positions of the second positioning pin holes 76 are consistent with those of the alignment pin holes 5 in the blank 1.
Preferably, the tool base 71 is formed by welding rectangular steel pipes, the number of the backing plates 73 is 8, the number of the top plates 72 is 7, the 7 top plates 72 are uniformly welded on the tool base 71, various supporting blocks 74 are installed on the top plates 72, and the specifications and the positions of the supporting blocks 74 can be customized according to the shape 2 of the part 8.
When the supporting tool 7 is installed, the alignment process hole 75 on the supporting tool 7 is straightened, the straightening error is within 0.03, and 8 backing plates 73 of the supporting tool 7 are pressed by the pressing plate 4; after the supporting tool 7 is installed, the flatness of the supporting surface of the supporting tool 7 is checked, the flatness error is within 0.05, and if the flatness error exceeds the tolerance, the supporting surface of the supporting tool needs to be repaired.
Firstly, the pressing plate 4 is pressed on the backing plate 73 and connected with a processing plane, the supporting tool 7 is installed on the processing plane, then the blank 1 is placed on the supporting block 74, the alignment pin hole 5 is aligned with the second positioning pin hole 76, the plug pin is inserted, and then the blank 1 is fixed by the pressing plate 4, so that the blank 1 is completely fixed on the supporting tool 7.
Step S3, a high removal rate and low precision mode is adopted on a processing strategy, three different milling methods are applied to different positions, processing parameters of the three processing methods are shown in Table 1, and a large-cutting-depth or large-feed milling mode is basically adopted, and the milling modes have high cutting efficiency but large cutting force and are easy to deform; the technological scheme is the technological parameters determined through continuous regulation and test, and can ensure the machining deformation within the allowance range and raise the cutting efficiency to the maximum extent.
Table 1 shows the comparison of specific parameters between the rough milling scheme of the present invention and the conventional rough milling scheme
And (3) comparison shows that: due to the fact that the cutting force for opening the adaptive cavity is larger, compared with the method that the adaptive cavity is fast fed to the cavity milling machine integrally, the adaptive cavity is larger in deformation amount, but the cutting efficiency is higher; the parameters with the deformation in the acceptable range and higher processing efficiency are finally obtained through the adjustment and the test of the processing parameters, as shown in table 1.
In step S5, the part 8 is subjected to low-temperature tempering to remove residual stress of the part 8.
In step S7, the component 8 is corrected according to the deformation amount, the deformation amount of the component 8 is reduced, and the deformation amount of the component 8 is controlled within 1 mm.
The detailed step of step S8 is:
s81: fixing the part 8 on the processing plane through the support tool 7 and the pressing plate 4 in a matching manner in the step S35; the part 8 is mounted as shown in fig. 14;
s82: processing the end part side wall 11 on the part 8 by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s83: replacing the pressing plate 4, and machining the end web 12 on the part 8 by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling, wherein the part 8 is installed as shown in fig. 15;
s84: replacing the pressing plate 4 again, and processing the middle web plate 13 on the part 8 by adopting a processing method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling, wherein the part 8 is installed as shown in fig. 16;
s85: the pin hole 5 is precisely aligned and used for turning positioning;
s86: turning over the part 8, and fixing the part 8 on a processing plane through the supporting tool 7 and the pressing plate 4;
s87: processing the end part side wall 11 on the part 8 by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s88: replacing the pressing plate 4, and machining the end web 12 on the part 8 by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling;
s89: and replacing the pressing plate 4 again, and machining the middle web plate 13 on the part 8 by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling.
The gap between the part 8 and the supporting tool 7 is filled by the thin copper sheet 9, the principle is that the part 8 is naturally placed on the supporting tool 7, and the gap between the supporting tool 7 and the part 8 is filled, so that the part 8 cannot deform due to clamping when being compressed, the part 8 is fixed, but has no internal stress, and the part 8 cannot rebound and deform after a plane is milled.
Table 2 shows a comparison of two sets of parameters for the finish milling scheme of the present invention:
TABLE 2 comparison of two sets of parameters for the finish-milling strategy of the present invention
Example two
The second embodiment further describes the first embodiment, the same components are not repeated herein, and a parameter optimization method based on a force measuring knife handle is also used in the design of the machining process in the invention, wherein the force measuring knife handle is a knife handle capable of directly measuring dynamic changes of cutting force in the machining process, and can acquire data such as axial force, torque, bending moment and the like in real time and wirelessly transmit the data to a computer; in a cutting experiment, the cutting state can be quickly known by detecting the cutting force, and the optimal parameter optimization direction is worked out.
EXAMPLE III
In the third embodiment, further description is given to the first embodiment, and the same components are not described herein again, please refer to fig. 17, and the processing parameters in step S2, step S3, and step S8 are selected by the following steps:
a1: preliminarily determining a group of processing parameters of each program according to experience;
a2: carrying out a cutting test by using empirical parameters and monitoring the cutting force in real time by using a spike force measuring tool handle;
a3: adjusting the set of machining parameters according to the cutting test effect and the cutting force;
a4: continuing the cutting test by using the adjusted parameters;
a5: judging whether the machining process is abnormal or not, whether the machining effect meets the requirement or not and whether the machine tool power is sufficiently utilized or not;
if not, jumping to the step A3, and continuously adjusting the set of processing parameters;
and when the judgment result is yes, the program parameter selection is finished.
Fig. 17 is a specific flow chart of using a tool shank to facilitate rapid selection of machining parameters, wherein the key step is to adjust the parameters according to the cutting effect and cutting force.
Taking a deep cavity and a thin wall part as an example, a cutter of the deep cavity and thin wall part is in suspension extension, if vibration is generated during machining, in a conventional cutting test, it is difficult to determine whether the main factor is insufficient rigidity of the part or insufficient rigidity of the cutter, so that various rigidity compensation measures are traversed once by adopting a trial-and-error method, which is a truly feasible method, but the test period is long; if the cutting force data is acquired in the cutting test, the reason of the abnormal processing condition can be quickly known, and the technological parameters are pertinently adjusted according to the reason.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The integral machining process of the stainless steel box type structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: drawing the appearance of the part on the blank, and determining the blank allowance;
s2: roughly milling the reference, roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank according to the thickness of the part;
s3: roughly milling the shape, and roughly milling the shape of a part on the blank subjected to rough milling reference;
s4: checking whether the size of the part is qualified and the size of the deformation;
s5: carrying out heat treatment on the part to eliminate the residual stress of the part;
s6: inspecting the deformation of the heat-treated part;
s7: correcting the part according to the deformation;
s8: finish milling the appearance, finish milling the part after correcting, finish milling out the part;
the detailed step of step S3 is:
s31: fixing the blank after rough milling reference on a processing plane through a mounting base plate and a pressing plate;
s32: processing the side wall of the end part of the blank by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s33: replacing the pressing plate, and processing the end web plate on the blank by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm;
s34: replacing the pressing plate again, and processing the middle web plate on the blank by adopting a processing method of fast feeding to the rough milling cavity, wherein the allowance is 2 mm;
s35: turning over the blank, and fixing the blank on a processing plane through a supporting tool and a pressing plate; the supporting tool is used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank;
s36: processing the side wall of the end part of the blank by adopting a processing method of roughly milling the side wall with large cutting depth, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s37: replacing the pressing plate, and processing the end web plate on the blank by adopting a self-adaptive cavity roughing processing method, wherein the allowance is 2 mm;
s38: replacing the pressing plate again, and processing the middle web plate on the blank by adopting a processing method of fast feeding to the rough milling cavity, wherein the allowance is 2 mm;
the detailed step of step S8 is:
s81: fixing the part on a processing plane in a matching way through the supporting tool and the pressing plate in the step S35;
s82: processing the side wall of the end part on the part by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s83: replacing the pressing plate, and machining the end web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling;
s84: replacing the pressing plate again, and machining the middle web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling;
s85: the pin hole is precisely corrected and aligned for turning positioning;
s86: turning over the part, fixing the part on a processing plane through a supporting tool and a pressing plate, and filling a gap between the part and the supporting tool by using a thin copper sheet;
s87: processing the side wall of the end part on the part by adopting a processing method of firstly carrying out semi-finish milling and then carrying out finish milling;
s88: replacing the pressing plate, and machining the end web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling;
s89: and replacing the pressing plate again, and machining the middle web plate on the part by adopting a machining method of firstly performing semi-finish milling and then performing finish milling.
2. The integral processing technology for the stainless steel box structural member according to claim 1, wherein the detailed steps of the step S2 are as follows:
s21: clamping the blank; fixing the blank on a processing plane by adopting a side jacking tool and a pressing plate;
s22: roughly milling the upper surface and the lower surface of the blank according to the thickness of the part, and reserving the allowance of 2 mm;
s23: and drilling at least two alignment pin holes on the blank.
3. The integral machining process of the stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 2, wherein the side jacking tool and the pressing plate are detachably fixed on a machining plane;
the side top frock includes: the device comprises a fixed block which can be fixed on a processing plane and a side top bolt which is arranged on the fixed block;
the side top bolt is rotated to apply lateral pressure to the blank, and the blank is fixed under the combined action of the side top bolt and the pressing plate.
4. The integral machining process for the stainless steel box type structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting base plate is provided with a first positioning pin hole and a bolt hole for mounting a pressure plate; the number, the size and the position of the first positioning pin holes are consistent with those of alignment pin holes on the blank; the mounting base plate is detachably mounted on the processing plane;
firstly, the mounting base plate is mounted on a processing plane, then the blank is placed on the mounting base plate, the alignment pin hole is aligned with the first positioning pin hole, the bolt is inserted, and then the blank is fixed by the pressing plate, so that the blank is completely fixed on the mounting base plate.
5. The integral machining process for the stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 4, wherein the supporting tool comprises a tool base and a top plate installed on the tool base;
the bottom surface of the tool base is provided with a base plate for fixing the tool base with the processing plane, and the pressing plate is pressed on the base plate and connected with the processing plane to realize the connection of the tool base and the processing plane;
the number of the top plates is at least two, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent top plates; a bolt hole, a supporting block, an alignment process hole and a second positioning pin hole are arranged above the top plate; the bolt holes are used for installing a pressing plate, the supporting blocks are used for supporting the bottom surface of the blank, the alignment process holes are used for supporting tool alignment, the second positioning pin holes are matched with the alignment pin holes for use, and the number, the size and the positions of the second positioning pin holes are consistent with those of the alignment pin holes in the blank;
firstly, pressing a pressing plate on a base plate and connecting the pressing plate with a processing plane, mounting a supporting tool on the processing plane, then placing a blank on a supporting block, aligning an alignment pin hole with a second positioning pin hole, inserting a bolt, and fixing the blank by using the pressing plate so that the blank is completely fixed on the supporting tool.
6. The integral processing technology of a stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 1, wherein the part is subjected to low-temperature tempering treatment in step S5 to eliminate residual stress of the part.
7. The integral processing technology of a stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, the part is corrected according to the deformation amount, the part deformation amount is reduced, and the part deformation amount is controlled within 1 mm.
8. The integral processing technology for stainless steel box structural members as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the processing parameters in the steps S2, S3 and S8 are selected by the following steps:
a1: preliminarily determining a group of processing parameters of each program according to experience;
a2: carrying out a cutting test by using empirical parameters and monitoring the cutting force in real time by using a spike force measuring tool handle;
a3: adjusting the set of machining parameters according to the cutting test effect and the cutting force;
a4: continuing the cutting test by using the adjusted parameters;
a5: judging whether the machining process is abnormal or not, whether the machining effect meets the requirement or not and whether the machine tool power is sufficiently utilized or not;
if not, jumping to the step A3, and continuously adjusting the set of processing parameters;
and when the judgment result is yes, the program parameter selection is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111400011.5A CN113814678B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111400011.5A CN113814678B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113814678A CN113814678A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
| CN113814678B true CN113814678B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
Family
ID=78918130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111400011.5A Active CN113814678B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113814678B (en) |
Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3617892A1 (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-04 | Kabushikigaisha Sankoh Chemica | POSITIONING DEVICE FOR MACHINING TOOLS OF MACHINE TOOLS |
| CN102303226A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-01-04 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for controlling distortion of large-sized integral structural member in numerical control machining |
| CN202344285U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-25 | 安徽绿能技术研究院 | Machining and installation technology equipment for sleeper beam |
| CN103231279A (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | 北京工业大学 | Testing device of machine tool spindle dynamics of numerically-controlled machine tool in cutting state |
| CN106312459A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-11 | 晋西工业集团有限责任公司 | Processing technology of aluminum special-shaped long thin plate |
| CN108890227A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-27 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of H-shaped material numerical-control processing method |
| CN208467807U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽金陵恒昕装备制造有限公司 | A kind of dual-purpose edge beam of underframe machining fixture |
| CN109483166A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-19 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | High-precision metal ultra thin plate parts machining process |
| CN109531206A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 佛山市普拉迪数控科技有限公司 | A kind of luggage carrier process equipment |
| CN110465782A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | The control method of thin and long units machining deformation |
| CN111531333A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 三河建华高科有限责任公司 | Method for processing special-shaped thin-wall shell part |
| CN111730114A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-02 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Milling method for aluminum alloy thin-wall web structural member |
| CN111958320A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-20 | 北京理工大学 | Integrated real-time monitoring system and method for tool handle |
| CN213916225U (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-08-10 | 昆山鼎军机械制造有限公司 | Auxiliary jig for machining inclined holes of base plate |
-
2021
- 2021-11-24 CN CN202111400011.5A patent/CN113814678B/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3617892A1 (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-04 | Kabushikigaisha Sankoh Chemica | POSITIONING DEVICE FOR MACHINING TOOLS OF MACHINE TOOLS |
| CN102303226A (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2012-01-04 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for controlling distortion of large-sized integral structural member in numerical control machining |
| CN202344285U (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-07-25 | 安徽绿能技术研究院 | Machining and installation technology equipment for sleeper beam |
| CN103231279A (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2013-08-07 | 北京工业大学 | Testing device of machine tool spindle dynamics of numerically-controlled machine tool in cutting state |
| CN106312459A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-11 | 晋西工业集团有限责任公司 | Processing technology of aluminum special-shaped long thin plate |
| CN208467807U (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-02-05 | 安徽金陵恒昕装备制造有限公司 | A kind of dual-purpose edge beam of underframe machining fixture |
| CN108890227A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-27 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of H-shaped material numerical-control processing method |
| CN109483166A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-19 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | High-precision metal ultra thin plate parts machining process |
| CN109531206A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 佛山市普拉迪数控科技有限公司 | A kind of luggage carrier process equipment |
| CN110465782A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-19 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | The control method of thin and long units machining deformation |
| CN111531333A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 三河建华高科有限责任公司 | Method for processing special-shaped thin-wall shell part |
| CN111730114A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-02 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Milling method for aluminum alloy thin-wall web structural member |
| CN111958320A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-20 | 北京理工大学 | Integrated real-time monitoring system and method for tool handle |
| CN213916225U (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-08-10 | 昆山鼎军机械制造有限公司 | Auxiliary jig for machining inclined holes of base plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113814678A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Sunseri et al. | Accommodation of springback error in channel forming using active binder force control: numerical simulations and experiments | |
| CN107984165B (en) | Machining method for large wind tunnel compressor shell | |
| CN110449848B (en) | Processing technology for overlaying stellite hard alloy thin-wall sleeve | |
| CN109551178B (en) | Method for controlling machining deformation of split case | |
| US20050247101A1 (en) | Forging die with marking means | |
| CN106239071A (en) | A kind of die processing method | |
| CN108941321B (en) | Method for manufacturing stamping die of beam parts | |
| Lehtinen et al. | The effect of local heating by laser irradiation for aluminum, deep drawing steel and copper sheets in incremental sheet forming | |
| CN105252310A (en) | Box machining device | |
| US5634361A (en) | Apparatus and method for straightening damaged or bent wheels | |
| CN113814678B (en) | Integral machining process for stainless steel box type structural part | |
| CN107097040A (en) | A kind of Axle Surface rolling device | |
| CN110280845B (en) | Machining method and machining tool for double-fixed-point threads | |
| CN206936047U (en) | A kind of rear axle housing is straightened detecting tool | |
| CN116673705B (en) | Manufacturing method of high-precision sleeve part | |
| CN113319613A (en) | Efficient machining method for large aircraft seat slide rail parts | |
| US10245630B2 (en) | Smart fixture distortion correction system | |
| CN109128711B (en) | Method and tool for machining thin-wall part aluminum arm by utilizing bent plate | |
| JP5547408B2 (en) | Workpiece machining method | |
| CN210587290U (en) | Frock clamp to eccentric cover processing of metallurgical class | |
| CN108044307B (en) | Large high-strength alloy steel hook forging and machining method | |
| JP2013180339A (en) | Press brake and workpiece bending method | |
| CN104384875A (en) | Large-modulus rack machining method | |
| CN204366565U (en) | Oblique adjusting v block | |
| CN204843583U (en) | Heavy vehicle drive axle housing dead eye processing frock |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 618400 Shifang Economic Development Zone, Deyang City, Sichuan Province (Lingjie Park) Patentee after: Sichuan Xinhang Titanium Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 618400 Shifang Economic Development Zone, Deyang City, Sichuan Province (Lingjie Park) Patentee before: SICHUAN FUTURE AEROSPACE INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. |