CN113809521A - Holographic antenna and control method - Google Patents
Holographic antenna and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113809521A CN113809521A CN202110984476.3A CN202110984476A CN113809521A CN 113809521 A CN113809521 A CN 113809521A CN 202110984476 A CN202110984476 A CN 202110984476A CN 113809521 A CN113809521 A CN 113809521A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
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Abstract
The present application relates to a holographic antenna and a control method. The hologram antenna includes: the power divider comprises a first power dividing structure, a first metal plate and a second metal plate, wherein the first metal plate and the second metal plate are positioned on the first surface of the first power dividing structure, the second metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate, and the third metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second power dividing structure. The first power division structure is configured to generate a transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) wave and transmit the TEM wave to the second power division structure through the second metal plate. And the second power dividing structure is used for receiving the TEM wave and radiating the TEM wave through the slot array of the first metal plate. The holographic antenna adopting the scheme can provide wider bandwidth.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of direct current transmission, in particular to a holographic antenna and a control method.
Background
An antenna is an important component of a wireless communication system, and its main function is to transmit and receive wireless signals. With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, the performance requirements on the antenna itself are higher and higher, and the requirements on the antenna beam directivity are higher and higher, such as the beam scanning capability is realized.
In the prior art, the most common array antenna belongs to a printed dipole antenna, and the printed dipole antenna has the problem of narrow bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a hologram antenna and a control method for the hologram antenna. A wider bandwidth can be provided.
A holographic antenna, comprising: the power divider comprises a first power dividing structure, a first metal plate and a second metal plate, wherein the first metal plate and the second metal plate are positioned on the first surface of the first power dividing structure, the second metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate, and the third metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second power dividing structure.
The first power division structure is configured to generate a transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) wave and transmit the TEM wave to the second power division structure through the second metal plate.
And the second power dividing structure is used for receiving the TEM wave and radiating the TEM wave through the slot array of the first metal plate.
In one embodiment, the first power dividing structure includes a first dielectric structure, at least one first waveguide power divider is integrated in the first dielectric structure, the first waveguide power dividers are located on the same plane and are parallel to each other, and a distance between every two adjacent first waveguide power dividers is equal.
The first waveguide power divider is used for generating uniform TEM waves.
In one embodiment, the first dielectric structure comprises a first upper dielectric plate and a first lower dielectric plate positioned on the second surface of the first upper dielectric plate; a plurality of first metal columns penetrate through the first upper-layer dielectric plate and the first lower-layer dielectric plate; the first surface of the first lower dielectric slab is provided with an inner core of the first waveguide power divider; the plurality of first metal columns and the closed structure formed by the first metal plate and the second metal plate form the outer shaft of the first waveguide power divider.
In one embodiment, the second power splitting structure comprises a second waveguide power splitter; the second waveguide power divider is provided with at least one second output end; each second output end is correspondingly connected with one first waveguide power divider; the second metal plate and the third metal plate are both grounded.
And the second waveguide power divider is used for transmitting the TEM waves to the corresponding first waveguide power divider through each second output end.
In one embodiment, the second power dividing structure includes a second upper dielectric plate and a second lower dielectric plate located on a second surface of the second upper dielectric plate; a plurality of second metal columns penetrate through the second upper dielectric plate and the second lower dielectric plate; the first surface of the second lower dielectric slab is provided with an inner core of the second waveguide power divider; the plurality of second metal columns and the closed structure formed by the second metal plate and the third metal plate form the outer shaft of the second waveguide power divider.
In one embodiment, the holographic antenna further comprises a second electromagnetic bandgap array; the second electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of second electromagnetic bandgaps; the second electromagnetic bandgap is formed by a plurality of third metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the second metal plate, the second power division structure and the third metal plate; the plurality of third metal posts are located on the same plane.
And the second electromagnetic band gap array is used for inhibiting a higher-order mode in the second power division structure.
In one embodiment, the holographic antenna further comprises a first electromagnetic bandgap array; the first electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of first electromagnetic bandgaps; the first electromagnetic band gap is formed by a plurality of second metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the first metal plate, the first power division structure and the second metal plate; the plurality of second metal columns are located on the same plane.
The first electromagnetic band gap array is used for suppressing higher-order modes in the first power division structure.
In one embodiment, the first waveguide power divider is a one-to-two waveguide power divider; the second output end is correspondingly connected with the center of the one-to-two waveguide power divider.
In one embodiment, the slot array comprises a plurality of slots and a radio frequency switch on each slot.
The radio frequency switch is used for controlling the radiation of the TEM waves through the gap.
A control method applied to the holographic antenna, the method comprising:
the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave to pass through the slot array are obtained.
And determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on the gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array.
And controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave to pass through the slot array are obtained.
And determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on the gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array.
And controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave to pass through the slot array are obtained.
And determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on the gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array.
And controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
According to the holographic antenna and the control method, the holographic antenna is formed by the first power dividing structure, the first metal plate positioned on the first surface of the first power dividing structure, the second metal plate positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate, the second power dividing structure positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate and the third metal plate positioned on the second surface of the second power dividing structure, and the generated transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) wave can be transmitted to the second power dividing structure through the second metal plate by the first power dividing structure. So that the second power dividing structure receives uniform TEM waves. So that the second power dividing structure radiates the TEM wave through the slot array of the first metal plate. In addition, the TEM wave is radiated in the form of a slot array, so that the radiation aperture of the antenna is enlarged, and a wider bandwidth is provided. Moreover, the slot array can realize holographic beam forming by TEM waves in any direction, and further generate directional beams.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a holographic antenna according to one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first waveguide power divider in an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second waveguide power divider in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slot unit for loading an RF switch according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a control method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Element number description:
a second metal plate: 3; a first metal plate: 1; gap array: 11; the control circuit: 12; a radio frequency switch: 112, a first electrode; the second waveguide power divider: 4 a; the second power division structure: 4; second upper dielectric plate: 41; a second lower dielectric plate: 43; a third metal plate: 5; the first waveguide power divider: 2 b; the first power division structure: 2; first dielectric structure: 2 a; first upper dielectric plate: 21; first lower dielectric sheet: 24; inner core of the first waveguide power divider: 22; a first metal pillar: 23; a first input terminal: 231; a first output terminal: 232; a second output terminal: 4a 2; a second input terminal: 4a 1; gap: 111.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, the first metal plate 1 may be referred to as the second metal plate 3, and similarly, the second metal plate 3 may be referred to as the first metal plate 1, without departing from the scope of the present application. Both the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 3 are metal plates, but they are not the same metal plate.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a holographic antenna, which includes a first power dividing structure 2, a first metal plate 1 and a second metal plate 3 on a first surface and a second surface of the first power dividing structure 2, a second power dividing structure 4 on a second surface of the second metal plate 3, and a third metal plate 5 on a second surface of the second power dividing structure 4.
The first power dividing structure 2 is configured to generate a transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) wave, and transmit the TEM wave to the second power dividing structure 4 through the second metal plate 3. And a second power dividing structure 4 for receiving the TEM wave and radiating the TEM wave through the slot array 11 of the first metal plate 1.
Specifically, as the material of the first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3, and the third metal plate 5, a metal such as copper can be used.
The first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3, and the third metal plate 5 are rectangular plates each having the same size as the first surface and the second surface. The first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3 and the third metal plate 5 have the same or different thicknesses according to the practical application requirements. In addition, the first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3, the third metal plate 5, the first power dividing structure 2, and the second power dividing structure 4 respectively have a first surface and a second surface, and the first surfaces of the first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3, the third metal plate 5, the first power dividing structure 2, and the second power dividing structure 4 are oriented in the same direction. The first metal plate 1, the second metal plate 3, the third metal plate 5, the first power dividing structure 2, and the second power dividing structure 4 have the same second surface orientation.
It can be understood that the second surface of the first metal plate 1 is attached to the first surface of the first power dividing structure 2, and the second surface of the first power dividing structure 2 is attached to the first surface of the second metal plate 3.
In the holographic antenna, the first power dividing structure 2, the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 3 on the first surface of the first power dividing structure 2, the second power dividing structure 4 on the second surface of the second metal plate 3, and the third metal plate 5 on the second surface of the second power dividing structure 4 form the holographic antenna, and the generated TEM wave can be transmitted to the second power dividing structure 4 through the second metal plate 3 by the first power dividing structure 2. So that the second power dividing structure 4 receives a uniform TEM wave. So that the second power dividing structure 4 radiates the TEM wave through the slot array 11 of the first metal plate 1. In addition, the TEM wave is radiated in the form of the slot array 11, the radiation aperture of the antenna is enlarged, thereby providing a wider bandwidth. The slot array 11 can realize holographic beam forming by TEM waves in any direction, and can generate a directional beam.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first power dividing structure 2 includes a first dielectric structure 2a, at least one first waveguide power divider 2b is integrated in the first dielectric structure 2a, each first waveguide power divider 2b is located on the same plane and is parallel to the same plane, and the distances between every two adjacent first waveguide power dividers 2b are equal.
Wherein, the first waveguide power divider 2b is used for generating uniform TEM waves.
Specifically, the first waveguide power divider 2b is a coaxial power divider.
In this implementation, the plurality of first waveguide power splitters 2b are located on the same plane and are parallel to each other, and the electromagnetic waves radiated from the slot array 11 are more uniform due to the arrangement mode that the distances between every two adjacent first waveguide power splitters 2b are equal.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the first dielectric structure 2a includes a first upper dielectric sheet 21, and a first lower dielectric sheet 24 on a second surface of the first upper dielectric sheet 21; a plurality of first metal posts 2322 penetrate through the first upper dielectric plate 21 and the first lower dielectric plate 24; the first surface of the first lower dielectric slab 24 is received with an inner core 2223 of the first waveguide power divider; the plurality of first metal posts 2322 and the closed structure formed by the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 3 constitute the outer shaft of the first waveguide power divider 2 b.
Further, an inner core 2223 of the first waveguide power divider is a microstrip line, and the plurality of first metal posts 2322 and the closed structure formed by the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 3 form an outer shaft wrapped inner core of the first waveguide power divider 2b to form the first coaxial power divider. It should be noted that, a first cavity is formed between the outer shaft and the inner core of the first waveguide power divider 2b, and is used for transmitting TEM waves.
It is understood that, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of first metal pillars 2322 and the first and second metal plates 1 and 3 form a first Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) structure. Specifically, the first SIW structure is formed by combining an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface (i.e., a first plane of the second metal plate 3 and a second plane of the first metal plate 1) and metal pillars periodically arranged on two sides, two rows of metal pillars are equivalent to two side walls of the first SIW, and TEM waves are transmitted in a first cavity formed between an outer shaft and an inner core formed by two rows of the first metal pillars 2322 and the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface.
In this embodiment, the first surface of the first lower dielectric slab 24 is received with an inner core 2223 of the first waveguide power divider; the plurality of first metal posts 2322 penetrating through the first upper dielectric plate 21 and the first lower dielectric plate 24 and the closed structure formed by the first metal plate 1 and the second metal plate 3 form the form of an outer shaft of the first waveguide power divider 2b, so that the first waveguide power divider 2b realizes the structure of a coaxial power divider so as to transmit TEM waves.
In one embodiment, the first waveguide power divider 2b is a one-to-two waveguide power divider; the second output end 4a2 is correspondingly connected to the center of the one-to-two waveguide power divider.
Illustratively, fig. 2 shows 2 first waveguide power splitters 2b, each of the 2 first waveguide power splitters 2b is a one-to-two first coaxial power splitter, and includes a first input end 231 and two first output ends 232, the two first output ends 232 are oriented in opposite directions to form a structure similar to a cylinder, and the first input end 231 is connected to a second output end 4a2 of the second waveguide power splitter 4a through a metal column in the second metal plate 3. It should be noted that the number of the first waveguide power splitters 2b is the same as the number of the output ends of the second waveguide power splitter 4a, and in the embodiment of the present application, the number of the first waveguide power splitters 2b and the number of the output ends of the second waveguide power splitter 4a are the same as each other
In this embodiment, when the first waveguide power divider 2b is a one-to-two waveguide power divider, the second output end 4a2 is correspondingly connected to the center of the one-to-two waveguide power divider, so as to achieve uniform distribution of TEM waves in the first waveguide power divider 2 b.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the second power splitting structure 4 comprises a second waveguide power splitter 4 a; the second waveguide power divider 4a has at least one second output terminal 4a 2; each second output end 4a2 is correspondingly connected with one first waveguide power divider 2 b; the second metal plate 3 and the third metal plate 5 are both grounded.
The second waveguide power splitter 4a is configured to transmit the TEM wave to the corresponding first waveguide power splitter 2b through each second output end 4a 2.
Specifically, the second waveguide power divider 4a is a coaxial power divider.
In this embodiment, based on the characteristics of the waveguide power divider, each second output end 4a2 of the second waveguide power divider 4a is correspondingly connected to one first waveguide power divider 2b, so that the second waveguide power divider 4a transmits the same TEM wave to the corresponding first waveguide power divider 2b through each second output end 4a 2.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the second power dividing structure 4 includes a second upper dielectric plate 41 and a second lower dielectric plate 43 located on a second surface of the second upper dielectric plate 41; a plurality of second metal posts penetrate through the second upper dielectric plate 41 and the second lower dielectric plate 43; the first surface of the second lower dielectric plate 43 is received with the inner core of the second waveguide power divider 4 a; the plurality of second metal posts and the closed structure formed by the second metal plate 3 and the third metal plate 5 constitute the outer shaft of the second waveguide power divider 4 a.
Further, an inner core of the second waveguide power divider 4a is also a microstrip line, and the plurality of second metal posts and a closed structure formed by the second metal plate 3 and the third metal plate 5 form an outer shaft of the second waveguide power divider 4a to wrap the inner core to form a second coaxial power divider. It should be noted that a second cavity is formed between the outer shaft and the inner core of the second waveguide power divider 4a, and is used for transmitting TEM waves.
Optionally, referring to fig. 3, the second waveguide power divider 4a is an one-to-eight coaxial power divider, which may be formed by 7 one-to-two coaxial power dividers, and each one-to-two coaxial power divider includes 1 input end and 2 output ends. Specifically, 2 output ends of one-to-two coaxial power divider are respectively connected with the input end of one-to-two coaxial power divider to form one-to-four coaxial power divider. The one-to-four coaxial power divider comprises 1 input end and 4 output ends. And the 4 output ends of the one-to-four coaxial power divider are respectively connected with the input end of the one-to-two coaxial power divider to finally form the one-to-eight coaxial power divider. The one-to-eight power division in the embodiment of the present application includes 1 second input terminal 4a1 and 8 second output terminals 4a 2.
Further, the second waveguide power divider 4a may be selected according to practical situations, such as a one-to-two coaxial power divider, a one-to-four coaxial power divider, or a one-to-sixteen coaxial power divider.
It will be appreciated that the plurality of second metal studs and the second and third metal plates 3 and 5 form a second SIW structure as shown in connection with fig. 1. Specifically, the second SIW structure is formed by combining an upper metal surface and a lower metal surface (i.e., a first plane of the third metal plate 5 and a second plane of the second metal plate 3) and metal pillars periodically arranged on both sides, two rows of metal pillars are equivalent to two side walls of the second SIW, and the TEM wave propagates through a second cavity formed between an outer shaft and an inner core formed by two rows of the first metal pillars 2322 and the upper metal surface and the lower metal surface (i.e., the first metal plate 1 and the second metal).
It should be noted that, considering that the microstrip line is at a corner, if the microstrip line is at a right angle, the line width is suddenly increased, and the microstrip line in the second power dividing structure 4 is cut at the corner. Impedance discontinuities, causing signal reflections. To reduce the discontinuity, the corners are treated. Specifically, there are two ways: corner cuts and rounded corners.
In this embodiment, the first surface of the second lower dielectric plate 43 is received with the inner core of the second waveguide power divider 4 a; the plurality of second metal posts penetrating through the second upper dielectric plate 41 and the second lower dielectric plate 43 and the closed structure formed by the second metal plate 3 and the third metal plate 5 form a form of an outer shaft of the second waveguide power divider 4a, so that the second waveguide power divider 4a realizes a structure of a coaxial power divider so as to transmit TEM waves.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the holographic antenna further comprises a second electromagnetic bandgap array; the second electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of second electromagnetic bandgaps; the second electromagnetic band gap is formed by a plurality of third metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the second metal plate 3, the second power division structure 4 and the third metal plate 5; a plurality of third metal columns are positioned on the same plane;
wherein the second electromagnetic bandgap array is configured to suppress higher order modes in the second power splitting structure 4.
It can be understood that the second electromagnetic bandgap array is disposed in the second waveguide power divider 4a, the plurality of second electromagnetic bandgaps are uniformly distributed on two sides of the inner core of the second waveguide power divider 4a, and a structure similar to a diaphragm formed by the second electromagnetic bandgap is perpendicular to the inner core, so as to achieve an effect of a high-order mode.
In this embodiment, the suppression of the higher-order mode in the second power dividing structure 4 is realized by the second electromagnetic bandgap formed by the plurality of third metal posts sequentially penetrating through the second metal plate 3, the second power dividing structure 4, and the third metal plate 5.
In one embodiment, the holographic antenna further comprises a first electromagnetic bandgap array; the first electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of first electromagnetic bandgaps; the first electromagnetic band gap is formed by a plurality of second metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the first metal plate 1, the first power division structure 2 and the second metal plate 3; the plurality of second metal columns are located on the same plane.
A first electromagnetic bandgap array for suppressing higher order modes in the first power splitting structure 2.
It can be understood that the first electromagnetic bandgap array is disposed in the first waveguide power divider 2b, the plurality of first electromagnetic bandgaps are uniformly distributed on two sides of the inner core 2223 of the first waveguide power divider, and a structure similar to a diaphragm formed by the first electromagnetic bandgap is perpendicular to the inner core, so as to achieve an effect of suppressing a higher-order mode.
In this embodiment, the suppression of the higher-order mode in the first power division structure 2 is realized by the first electromagnetic bandgap formed by the plurality of second metal posts sequentially penetrating through the first metal plate 1, the first power division structure 2, and the second metal plate 3.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 (a), the slot array 11 includes a plurality of slots 111 and rf switches 112 disposed on the slots 111.
Wherein the radio frequency switch 112 is used for controlling the radiation of the TEM wave through the slot 111.
Specifically, the rf switch 112 is disposed in the control circuit 12; the rf switches 112 correspond to the slots 111 in the slot array 11 one to one.
Optionally, the control circuit 12 is configured to apply different dc bias voltages to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the radio frequency switch 112 to control the on-off state of the radio frequency switch 112. And the radio frequency switch 112 is used for controlling the radiation of the TEM wave in the first waveguide power divider 2b through the slot 111 through the on-off state.
In one implementation, the holographic antenna further includes a third dielectric plate, and the plurality of control circuits 12 are loaded on the third dielectric plate; the third dielectric plate is attached to the first surface of the first metal plate 1, and the rf switches 112 correspond to the slots 111 in the slot array 11 one to one.
As an example, referring to (b) in fig. 4, an opening having the same size as the slot 111 is formed in the third dielectric plate, the opening is located right above the slot 111, and the rf switch 112 of the control circuit 12 is disposed at the opening.
In the second example, the third dielectric plate includes a first surface and a second surface, and the control circuit 12 may be loaded on the second surface of the third dielectric plate.
It should be noted that the third dielectric plate may be a rectangular plate which is the same as both the first surface and the second surface of the first metal plate 1. The first surface of the first metal plate 1 is attached to the second surface of the second dielectric plate.
Alternatively, the rf switch 112 may be a PIN diode or a varactor. It can be understood that, a PIN diode is loaded on the control circuit 12 of each slot 111 of the slot array 11, when a reverse bias voltage is applied to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the PIN diode, the PIN diode is in a cut-off state, the coupling path is disconnected, and the slot 111 can radiate a TEM wave; when forward bias voltage is applied to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the PIN diode, the PIN diode is in a conducting state, the coupling path couples the slot 111 to radiate energy and resonate, effective radiation is not generated, and the slot 111 cannot radiate TEM waves.
In this embodiment, the on-off state of the radio frequency switch 112 is controlled by the control circuit 12, so as to control the radiation of the TEM wave in the first waveguide power divider 2b through the slot 111, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the beam direction of the holographic antenna, and thus realizing the scanning of any directed beam and the beam at the pitch angle and the azimuth angle.
Referring to fig. 5, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method, which is applied to the above-mentioned holographic antenna, and the method includes the following steps:
and S11, acquiring the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam pointing direction required by the TEM wave to pass through the slot array.
Specifically, the radiation phase of each slit is the phase of the reference wave at the slit.
And S12, determining the on-off value of the radio frequency switch on the slot according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the slot array.
Specifically, the phase difference value of the rf switch is calculated according to the following method:
A＝cos(∠ψ0-∠(ψr)*)
wherein psi0For the phase of the radiation of each slot, #rIs directed to the desired beam.
In actual operation, in order to obtain the on-off value of the radio frequency switch, the pair is:
wherein, I represents the on-off value of the radio frequency switch, and T represents the preset threshold value. 0 indicates turning off the rf switch and 1 indicates turning on the rf switch 11. For example, when a is 0.3, I is 0.
Illustratively, a corresponding decision matrix is constructed according to the on-off value of each radio frequency switch, wherein the value of each element in the decision matrix is 1 or 0. The decision matrix is optimized by an algorithm, so that the bandwidth can be effectively widened. The phase is calculated based on the center frequency to obtain a decision matrix, and the distribution of the obtained radiation units (specifically, the slots capable of generating radiation in the slot array) can form a preset beam direction at the center frequency. When the working frequency point changes, the distribution of the radiation units corresponding to the decision matrix of the central frequency can also form beam pointing, and the beam pointing at the moment can deviate by +/-4 degrees compared with the preset pointing. If phase calculation is carried out according to the center frequency and the side frequency, namely phase calculation is carried out by three frequency points of 24.5GHz, 26GHz and 27.5GHz, three decision matrixes can be obtained. And (3) performing AND operation on the phase matrixes corresponding to the three frequency points, namely performing AND operation on elements at the same positions of the three decision matrixes, and recombining the obtained new elements into a new matrix, wherein the matrix is the new decision matrix. And screening the radiation units distributed on the waveguide by using the new decision matrix to obtain a new radiation unit distribution array, wherein the new distribution array can normally work at the center frequency and the side frequency, a good directional diagram pointing direction is kept in a frequency band of 24.5 GHz-27.5 GHz, and the directional diagram beam pointing direction is matched with the preset directional diagram pointing direction.
Furthermore, the decision matrix can be further optimized, and the purpose of weakening the side lobe is achieved. Obtaining a preset directional diagram S according to the original decision matrix1With the appearance of side lobes. Setting the direction of the side lobe as the direction needing shaping, and taking the threshold value T of the judgment as 0.95, thereby obtaining a new judgment matrix S through calculation2. By
S3＝S1-S2
Obtaining a decision matrix after the side lobe is eliminated according to S3The radiation unit distribution obtained by the decision matrix can form a preset directional diagram direction, and side lobes are effectively reduced.
And S13, controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
According to the control method, the on-off state of the radio frequency switch on each gap in the gap array is determined through the radiation phase of the TEM wave on each gap in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave through the gap array, so that the required beam direction is obtained, and the beams with any directions and the scanning of the beams on the pitch angle and the azimuth angle can be accurately realized.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 5 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 5 may include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, which are not necessarily performed in sequence, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the other steps or stages.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 6. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used for storing the acquired direct current bus voltage, direct current neutral bus voltage and alternating current bus three-phase voltage. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method of overvoltage protection.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 6 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having a computer program stored therein, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
acquiring the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the slot array; determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on a gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array; and controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of:
acquiring the radiation phase of the TEM wave in each slot of the slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the slot array; determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on a gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array; and controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical storage, or the like. Volatile Memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache Memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), among others.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A holographic antenna comprises a first power dividing structure, a first metal plate and a second metal plate, wherein the first metal plate is positioned on the first surface of the first power dividing structure, the second metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate, the second power dividing structure is positioned on the second surface of the second metal plate, and the third metal plate is positioned on the second surface of the second power dividing structure;
the first power dividing structure is used for generating transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM) waves and transmitting the TEM waves to the second power dividing structure through the second metal plate;
and the second power dividing structure is used for receiving the TEM wave and radiating the TEM wave through the slot array of the first metal plate.
2. The holographic antenna of claim, in which the first power splitting structure comprises a first dielectric structure, at least one first waveguide power splitter is integrated in the first dielectric structure, the first waveguide power splitters are located on a same plane and are parallel to each other, and a distance between every two adjacent first waveguide power splitters is equal;
the first waveguide power divider is used for generating uniform TEM waves.
3. The holographic antenna of claim 2, wherein the first dielectric structure comprises a first upper dielectric slab and a first lower dielectric slab on a second surface of the first upper dielectric slab; a plurality of first metal columns penetrate through the first upper-layer dielectric plate and the first lower-layer dielectric plate; the first surface of the first lower dielectric slab is provided with an inner core of the first waveguide power divider; the plurality of first metal columns and the closed structure formed by the first metal plate and the second metal plate form the outer shaft of the first waveguide power divider.
4. The holographic antenna of claim 2 or 3, in which the second power splitting structure comprises a second waveguide power splitter; the second waveguide power divider is provided with at least one second output end; each second output end is correspondingly connected with one first waveguide power divider; the second metal plate and the third metal plate are both grounded;
and the second waveguide power divider is used for transmitting the TEM waves to the corresponding first waveguide power divider through each second output end.
5. The holographic antenna of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second power splitting structure comprises a second upper dielectric plate and a second lower dielectric plate on a second surface of the second upper dielectric plate; a plurality of second metal columns penetrate through the second upper dielectric plate and the second lower dielectric plate; the first surface of the second lower dielectric slab is provided with an inner core of the second waveguide power divider; the plurality of second metal columns and the closed structure formed by the second metal plate and the third metal plate form the outer shaft of the second waveguide power divider.
6. The holographic antenna of claim 5, further comprising a second electromagnetic bandgap array; the second electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of second electromagnetic bandgaps; the second electromagnetic bandgap is formed by a plurality of third metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the second metal plate, the second power division structure and the third metal plate; the plurality of third metal columns are positioned on the same plane;
and the second electromagnetic band gap array is used for inhibiting a higher-order mode in the second power division structure.
7. The holographic antenna of any of claims 1-3, further comprising a first electromagnetic bandgap array; the first electromagnetic bandgap array comprises a plurality of first electromagnetic bandgaps; the first electromagnetic band gap is formed by a plurality of second metal columns which sequentially penetrate through the first metal plate, the first power division structure and the second metal plate; the plurality of second metal columns are positioned on the same plane;
the first electromagnetic band gap array is used for suppressing higher-order modes in the first power division structure.
8. The holographic antenna of any of claims 1 to 3, in which the first waveguide power divider is a one-to-two waveguide power divider; the second output end is correspondingly connected with the center of the one-to-two waveguide power divider.
9. The holographic antenna of claim 1 or 2, in which the slot array comprises a plurality of slots and a radio frequency switch over each of the slots;
the radio frequency switch is used for controlling the radiation of the TEM waves through the gap.
10. A control method applied to the hologram antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
acquiring the radiation phase of TEM waves in each slot of a slot array and the beam direction required by the TEM waves passing through the slot array;
determining the on-off value of a radio frequency switch on the gap according to the radiation phase of the TEM wave in the gap array and the beam direction required by the TEM wave passing through the gap array;
and controlling the on-off state of the radio frequency switch according to the on-off value.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116505991A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 华南理工大学 | Holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116505991A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-07-28 | 华南理工大学 | Holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation method and system |
| CN116505991B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-11-21 | 华南理工大学 | Holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation method and system |
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