CN116505991A - Holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation method and system - Google Patents
Holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
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- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation, wherein the holographic antenna beam forming method comprises the following steps: acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna; calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in a feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern; discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution; threshold judgment is carried out on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a first digital matrix is obtained; and obtaining a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix. The digital holographic interference pattern is obtained by quantizing the phase difference value and using the judgment operation, and is used for realizing the beam forming of the holographic antenna, so that the operation amount and the system complexity are reduced, and the debugging cost of the holographic antenna is further greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for holographic antenna beam forming, side lobe beam cancellation and bandwidth modulation, belonging to the field of 5G millimeter wave communication and electric control scanning holographic antennas.
Background
Among the numerous millimeter wave antennas, phased array antennas are becoming the mainstay of 5G millimeter wave communication antenna applications due to their high gain, wide angle beam scanning, and fast beam switching characteristics. However, the phased array antenna needs to realize rapid beam scanning characteristics by regulating and controlling the guided wave phases of the radiating units in the large-scale antenna array, so that the phased array antenna is required to be provided with a corresponding phase shift circuit, and a large number of power amplifiers are introduced in order to compensate the insertion loss introduced by the phase shift circuit, so that the phased array antenna system has complex structure, energy loss, high consumption and high production cost; in some application scenarios, the beam scanning performance of the phased array antenna overflows, which further reduces the cost performance. Thus, there is a need for an antenna that achieves both wide angle beam scanning performance and relatively simple construction with low power consumption and cost.
In order to solve the above problems, a holographic antenna applied in a microwave band based on optical holography theory is proposed. The holographic antenna generally integrates a feed source and a radiation unit on the same plane, and realizes a radiation pattern with specific beam pointing by modulating the coupling strength of the sub-wavelength unit and the guided wave or utilizing the sub-wavelength unit to construct a mode of modulating the surface of impedance and the surface wave. The traditional method uses sub-wavelength units with different sizes to realize continuous impedance distribution on the antenna aperture surface or uses slits with different lengths to realize continuous distribution of guided wave coupling strength, but the holographic antenna constructed by the method has a complex integral structure, can only radiate in a fixed direction generally, cannot realize beam reconstruction, and limits the application of the holographic antenna in 5G wireless communication.
Further, in order to realize the reconfiguration of the holographic antenna, a number of reconfigurable holographic antennas based on radio frequency switches such as PIN diodes, varactors and based on control of liquid crystal injection layers have been proposed and implemented. In order to realize continuous adjustment of the state of the radiating unit, high requirements are put on the design of a radio frequency switch and a beam algorithm, so that the reconfigurable holographic antenna is difficult to use in batches in 5G wireless communication.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and a system for forming a holographic antenna beam based on a digital holographic interference pattern, a method and a system for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna, a method and a system for modulating an actual bandwidth, a computer device and a storage medium.
A first object of the present invention is to provide a method for beamforming a holographic antenna.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for shaping and designing multiple beams of a holographic antenna.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna.
A fifth object of the present invention is to provide a holographic antenna beamforming system.
A sixth object of the present invention is to provide a holographic antenna side lobe beam cancellation system.
A seventh object of the present invention is to provide a holographic antenna multibeam shaping and design system.
An eighth object of the present invention is to provide a holographic antenna practical bandwidth modulation system.
A ninth object of the present invention is to provide a computer apparatus.
A tenth object of the present invention is to provide a storage medium.
The first object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method of holographic antenna beamforming, the method comprising:
acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna;
calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in a feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a first digital matrix is obtained;
and obtaining a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.
Further, the discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain a first discrete excitation intensity distribution, which specifically includes:
based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
calculating a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element according to the guided wave phase difference value, the space distance and the included angle, wherein the first discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>A polar vector representing the position of the radiating element; />A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element;
a first discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained from the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
Further, the threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix, which specifically includes:
Threshold judgment is carried out on the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, and a first judgment result of each radiation unit is obtained;
when the threshold is positive, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
；
when the threshold is negative, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and (2)>A first judgment result of each radiation unit is represented, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-operating state;
and constructing a first digital matrix according to the first judgment result of each radiation unit.
The second object of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method of holographic antenna side lobe beam cancellation, the method comprising:
selecting a target side lobe according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
calculating the direction of the side lobe beam as the radiation field with the main beam direction and the phase opposite to that of the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;
Threshold judgment is carried out on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second digital matrix is obtained;
performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and according to the corrected digital matrix, the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is realized, and meanwhile, the second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
Further, the discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain a second discrete excitation intensity distribution, which specifically includes:
based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
calculating a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element according to the guided wave phase difference value, the spatial distance and the included angle, wherein the second discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +. >Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element;
a second discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained from the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
Further, the performing threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix specifically includes:
threshold judgment is carried out on the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and a second judgment result of each radiating element is obtained, wherein the second judgment result is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and (2)>A second judgment result of each radiation unit is represented, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-operating state;
and constructing a second digital matrix according to the second judgment result of each radiation unit.
Further, the performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix specifically includes:
and performing logical OR operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with side lobe inhibition effect, wherein the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
；
Wherein,,representing the final judgment result of each radiation unit in the corrected digital matrix, and corresponding to the final radiation field;representing a first judgment result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, and corresponding to a main lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam;representing a second judgment result of each radiation unit in the second digital matrix, and corresponding to the first side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; />Representing a third decision result of each radiating element in the third digital matrix, and corresponding to a second sub-lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; />Representing an nth decision result of each radiation unit in an nth digital matrix, and corresponding to an nth-1 side lobe radiation field pointed by a target beam;
according to the correction digital matrix, the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and shaping is carried out according to the final judgment result in the corrected digital matrix so as to weaken or even eliminate the first to nth side lobes of the target radiation field.
The third object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design method, the method comprising:
selecting a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring beam directions of the second beam radiation pattern, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
Calculating a radiation field with the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second beam direction holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second beam pointing digital matrix is obtained;
performing logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and according to the corrected digital matrix, realizing the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna, and simultaneously obtaining the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
The fourth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method of modulating an actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, the method comprising:
according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the preset beam direction is unchanged, a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is obtained, and a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units are obtained;
Calculating the interference of the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix is obtained;
performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
according to the corrected digital matrix, the pattern bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
Further, the discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain a second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution, which specifically includes:
based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
And calculating the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit according to the guided wave phase difference value, the space distance and the included angle, wherein the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity for each radiating element;
and obtaining second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution according to the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.
Further, the performing threshold decision on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix specifically includes:
threshold judgment is carried out on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, and a second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiation unit is obtained, wherein the second bandwidth modulation judgment result is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing the second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element>Representing a second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiating element, wherein 1 represents that the radiating element is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiating element is in a non-operating state;
And constructing a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix according to the second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiation unit.
Further, the performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix specifically includes:
performing logical AND operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with the function of expanding the bandwidth of the directional diagram, wherein the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the final judgment result of each radiation unit in the corrected digital matrix after bandwidth modulation, and corresponding to the final radiation field; />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, wherein the corresponding central frequency point isf 1 The pattern bandwidth is [f L1 ,f H1 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf 2 The pattern bandwidth is [f L2 ,f H2 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the third bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf 3 The pattern bandwidth is [f L3 ,f H3 ]Is a target radiation field of (2);representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the nth bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point is f n The pattern bandwidth is [f Ln ,f Hn ]Is provided.
The fifth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a holographic antenna beamforming system, the system comprising;
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the preset beam direction, the feed structure and the plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
the first calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction and calculating the guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;
the first processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit so as to obtain first discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the first judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix;
and the first shaping unit is used for obtaining a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.
The sixth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a holographic antenna side lobe beam cancellation system, the system comprising:
the second acquisition unit is used for selecting a target side lobe according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
The second calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field with the side lobe beam pointing to be the main beam pointing and with the phase opposite to that of the main beam, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;
a second processing unit for discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the second judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix;
the first matrix operation unit is used for carrying out mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and the second shaping unit is used for realizing the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and simultaneously obtaining a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
The seventh object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design system, the system comprising:
the third acquisition unit is used for selecting a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and acquiring the feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
The third calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field which takes the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second beam direction holographic interference pattern;
the third processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit so as to obtain second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the third judging unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;
the second matrix operation unit is used for carrying out logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and the third shaping unit is used for realizing the shaping and design of the multi-beam antenna of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and obtaining the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
The eighth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system, the system comprising:
a fourth obtaining unit, configured to select a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and obtain a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units;
A fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern;
the fourth processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the fourth judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix;
the third matrix operation unit is used for carrying out mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;
and the fourth shaping unit is used for realizing the bandwidth widening of the pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and simultaneously obtaining the final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
The ninth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
the computer equipment comprises a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program stored by the memory, the method for forming the holographic antenna beam is realized, or the method for eliminating the side lobe beam of the holographic antenna is realized, or the method for forming and designing the holographic antenna multi-beam is realized, or the method for modulating the actual bandwidth of the holographic antenna is realized.
The tenth object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
a storage medium storing a program, which when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned holographic antenna beam shaping method, or implements the above-mentioned holographic antenna side lobe beam cancellation method, or implements the above-mentioned holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design method, or implements the above-mentioned holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
before the method of the invention is adopted, the prior art uses a continuous amplitude weighting mode to convert the phase distribution of the radiating unit into continuous amplitude distribution, and uses a varactor or a liquid crystal layer injection mode to adjust the coupling strength of the radiating unit and the guided wave, thereby realizing the beam scanning control of the holographic antenna. However, the method needs to consider the continuous amplitude distribution of the antenna aperture field, has high requirements on a control circuit and a radio frequency switch, and does not consider the side lobe suppression of the radiation pattern; the invention only needs to use PIN diode as radio frequency switch, only needs to consider the working states of the two units, namely the off state and the on state, corresponding to 0/1, simplifies the switch control circuit, reduces the requirement on the radio frequency switch, can correct the side lobe cancellation of the radiation pattern and expand the bandwidth of the pattern, is a method with low cost, less resource occupation and reliable result, and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost of the electric control scanning holographic antenna applied to millimeter waves.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for beamforming a holographic antenna according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a first digital matrix diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of a slit unit corresponding to the first digital matrix in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the first digital matrix in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a second digital matrix diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a modified digital matrix chart of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a distribution diagram of a slit unit corresponding to the modified digital matrix in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a second radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the modified digital matrix in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a method for shaping and designing multiple beams of a holographic antenna according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a method for modulating actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a first digital matrix diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a distribution diagram of a slit unit corresponding to the first digital matrix in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the first digital matrix in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix chart of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a modified digital matrix chart of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a distribution diagram of a slit unit corresponding to the modified digital matrix in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern corresponding to the modified digital matrix of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a block diagram of the holographic antenna beam forming system of embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is a block diagram of the configuration of the system for canceling the side lobe beam of the holographic antenna according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a block diagram of a holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design system according to embodiment 7 of the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a block diagram showing the structure of a practical bandwidth modulation system for a holographic antenna according to embodiment 8 of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a block diagram showing the structure of a computer device according to embodiment 9 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for forming a beam of a holographic antenna, which includes the following steps:
s101, acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna.
Specific parameters of the target holographic antenna in this embodiment may be:
a center frequency of 26GHz;
the working frequency band is 24.5GHz-27.5GHz;
preset beam pointing: phi=50 deg, theta=30 deg;
side lobe beam pointing: phi=50 deg, theta= -25deg.
The present embodiment also acquires a feed structure and a plurality of radiation elements of the target hologram antenna.
S102, calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern.
In the embodiment, interference calculation is performed on a radiation field (object wave) corresponding to a preset beam direction and guided waves (reference waves) in a feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern (first holographic antenna aperture field distribution); when the target holographic antenna is fed by using the same guided wave, a target radiation pattern can be realized, wherein the target radiation pattern is expected to be generated and points to the same radiation pattern as a preset beam.
S103, discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain first discrete excitation intensity distribution.
In this embodiment, the discretization processing is performed on the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, the quantization processing is performed on the radiation units according to the phase and position relationship by the formula (3), and after the phase and position relationship is transformed by the formula (3), the first holographic interference pattern is normalized to the interval [ -1,1], which specifically includes the following steps:
s1031, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiating element relative to the guided wave phase origin (generally preset as the center of the antenna array surface) based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiating element 。
S1032, establishing a space coordinate system with the center of the antenna array plane, calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to the origin according to the position (x, y) of the radiation unit in the coordinate planeAnd the angle between the radiation unit and the x-axis +.>As shown in formulas (1) and (2), respectively:
（1）；
（2）；
s1033, obtaining a difference value between the phase value of each radiation unit coupling waveguide and the phase of the radiation field pointed by the preset beam according to the existing parameters, and converting the difference value into a range [ -1,1], wherein the contribution of each radiation unit to the preset beam pointing can be represented by a first discrete excitation intensity in a formula (3), and the formula is as follows:
（3）；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>A polar vector representing the position of the radiating element; />A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
By the pushing, the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating unit can be obtained, namely the first discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiating surface of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
S104, carrying out threshold judgment on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix.
In this embodiment, a preset threshold is set, and then, according to the preset threshold, a threshold decision is performed on the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, so as to obtain a first decision result of each radiating element.
When the threshold is positive, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
（4）；
when the threshold is negative, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
（5）；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and (2)>A first decision result for each radiating element is indicated, 1 indicating that the radiating element is in an active state, and 0 indicating that the radiating element is in an inactive state.
The preset threshold=0.28 in this embodiment, so a first threshold decision formula is adopted, and each radiation unit repeatedly executes the threshold decision formula until a first decision result of each radiation unit is obtained, and a first digital matrix is generated by using the first decision result of each radiation unit.
After all radiation points on the first holographic interference pattern in this embodiment are described by "0" and "1", the interference pattern can be described by a first digital matrix of 0/1, thereby forming a first digital holographic interference pattern.
S105, according to the first digital matrix, a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
And according to the first digital matrix, guiding modeling simulation of the target holographic antenna structure, so as to obtain a first radiation pattern.
The first digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in fig. 2; a slit unit distribution diagram corresponding to the first digital matrix is shown in fig. 3; the first digital matrix corresponds to the first radiation pattern of the holographic antenna, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a method for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna, which includes the following steps:
s501, selecting a target side lobe according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna.
As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment selects a target side lobe to be suppressed according to a first radiation pattern, and records beam angle information of the target side lobe as an input value of the following steps; the present embodiment also acquires a feed structure and a plurality of radiation elements of the target hologram antenna.
S502, calculating the direction of the side lobe beam as the main beam direction and the radiation field with opposite phase, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern.
In this embodiment, a radiation field with the main beam pointing direction being the main beam pointing direction and the phase being opposite is deduced for suppressing the target side lobe, and interference calculation is performed on the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure, so as to obtain a second holographic interference pattern (second holographic antenna aperture field distribution).
S503, discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution.
Step S503 of this embodiment is substantially identical to step S103 of embodiment 1 described above, and the second discrete excitation intensities of the radiating elements are calculated in this embodiment, and are expressed by the following formula:
（6）；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
Finally, the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, that is, the second discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiating surface of the target holographic antenna, can be calculated.
S504, carrying out threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix.
Step S504 of the present embodiment substantially corresponds to step S104 of embodiment 1 described above, and the decision of the present embodiment is a second decision result of the radiation unit, which is expressed by the following formula:
（7）；/>
wherein,,representing threshold value->And a second judgment result of each radiation unit is represented, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-operating state.
The remaining radiation units in this embodiment repeatedly execute the above threshold decision formula until a second decision result of each radiation unit is obtained, and generate a second digital matrix by using the second decision result of each radiation unit, as shown in fig. 6.
After all radiation points on the second holographic interference pattern are described by '0' and '1', the interference pattern can be described by a second digital matrix of 0/1, thereby forming a second digital holographic interference pattern.
The second digital matrix which is the same as the side lobe beam in the first radiation direction diagram (original target direction diagram) and has opposite phases can be generated, and the working state and the non-working state of the radiation unit in the holographic antenna can be controlled through the second digital matrix, so that the generated radiation field counteracts the side lobe energy except the radiation of the main beam, and the side lobe level is obviously reduced.
S505, performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix.
The first digital matrix in this embodiment can be obtained by embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix are subjected to logical or operation to obtain a modified digital matrix with side lobe suppression function, where the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
（8）；
wherein,,representing the final judgment result of each radiation unit in the corrected digital matrix, and corresponding to the final radiation field;representing a first judgment result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, and corresponding to a main lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam;representing a second judgment result of each radiation unit in the second digital matrix, and corresponding to the first side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; />Representing a third decision result of each radiating element in the third digital matrix, and corresponding to a second sub-lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; />And (5) representing an nth decision result of each radiating element in the nth digital matrix, and corresponding to an nth-1 side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam.
S506, according to the corrected digital matrix, side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is achieved, and meanwhile a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
And according to the corrected digital matrix, guiding modeling simulation of the target holographic antenna structure, and thus obtaining a second radiation pattern.
The modified digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in fig. 7; correcting a gap unit distribution diagram corresponding to the digital matrix, as shown in fig. 8; the second radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the digital matrix is modified as shown in fig. 9.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 10, this embodiment provides a method for shaping and designing multiple beams of a holographic antenna, and the method is mainly implemented by adopting the method for canceling the side lobe beam of the holographic antenna in embodiment 2, and includes the following steps:
s1001, selecting a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring beam directions of the second beam radiation pattern, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna.
S1002, calculating a radiation field with the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam direction, and calculating the guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure to obtain the second beam direction holographic interference pattern.
S1003, discretizing and quantifying the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution.
S1004, carrying out threshold judgment on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix.
S1005, performing logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix.
S1006, according to the corrected digital matrix, the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna are realized, and meanwhile, the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
It can be seen that step S1002 of the present embodiment is "calculating the radiation field with the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern being the main beam direction", and no phase reversal operation is required, as compared with "calculating the radiation field with the side lobe beam direction being the main beam direction and the phase being reversed" of step S502 of embodiment 2.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment provides a method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, which includes the following steps:
s1101, according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, a preset beam direction is unchanged, a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is obtained, and a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units are obtained.
Specific parameters of the target holographic antenna in this embodiment may be:
operating frequency band: 24.5GHz-27.5GHz;
preset beam pointing: phi=30deg, theta=30deg;
first radiation pattern center frequencyf 0 ：26.5GHz；
Second bandwidth modulating radiation pattern center frequencyf 1 ：27GHz。
According to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the central frequency point isf 1 The pattern bandwidth is [f 1 ,f H1 ]. In order to further expand the directional diagram bandwidth, the beam pointing direction is preset to be unchanged, and the center frequency point is selected asf 2 Is provided for the second bandwidth modulated radiation pattern. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a preset beam pointing direction of a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and obtaining a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units.
As shown in fig. 14, in this embodiment, a frequency point location where the bandwidth of the directional diagram needs to be extended is selected according to the first radiation directional diagram, and relevant information of the frequency point location is recorded as an input value of the following steps; the present embodiment also acquires a feed structure and a plurality of radiation elements of the target hologram antenna.
S1102, calculating the interference of the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern.
Deducing a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and performing interference calculation on the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic stem Pattern (second bandwidth modulation holographic antenna aperture field distribution). It should be noted that the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure should take the center frequency point asf 2 And (5) calculating.
And S1103, discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution.
Step S1103 is substantially identical to step S103, and the second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity of the radiating element is calculated in this embodiment, and is expressed by the following formula:
（9）；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity for each radiating element. />
Finally, the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, that is, the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution on the radiating surface of the target holographic antenna, can be calculated.
S1104, carrying out threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix.
Step S1104 is substantially identical to step S104, and the decision in this embodiment is a second bandwidth modulation decision result of the radiating element, which is expressed by the following formula:
（10）；
wherein,,representing threshold value->And a second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiating element is represented, 1 represents that the radiating element is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiating element is in a non-operating state.
The rest radiation units in the embodiment repeatedly execute the threshold decision formula until a second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiation unit is obtained, and generate a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix by using the second bandwidth modulation decision result of each radiation unit.
After all radiation points on the second bandwidth modulated holographic interference pattern are described by "0" and "1", the interference pattern can be described by a second bandwidth modulated digital matrix of 0/1, thereby forming a second bandwidth modulated digital holographic interference pattern.
The embodiment can generate the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix with the same beam pointing direction as the first radiation pattern (original target pattern) and different center frequency points, and can control the working state and the non-working state of the radiation unit in the holographic antenna through the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, so that the generated radiation field can realize the shaping optimization on the frequency points with poor shaping in the first radiation pattern, and further the pattern bandwidth of the target beam pointing direction is expanded.
S1105, performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix.
The first digital matrix in this embodiment may be obtained by using the holographic antenna beam forming method shown in fig. 1, where the preset threshold value in this embodiment is taken to be 0.5, and the obtained first digital matrix is shown in fig. 12, and the corresponding slot unit distribution diagram is shown in fig. 13. The second bandwidth modulation digital matrix may be acquired through S1104, and the preset threshold is set to 0.5, as shown in fig. 15.
In this embodiment, a logical and operation is performed on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, so as to obtain a modified digital matrix with the function of expanding the bandwidth of the directional diagram, where the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
（11）；
wherein,,representing the final judgment result of each radiation unit in the corrected digital matrix after bandwidth modulation, and corresponding to the final radiation field; />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, wherein the corresponding central frequency point isf 1 The pattern bandwidth is [f L1 ,f H1 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf 2 The pattern bandwidth is [f L2 ,f H2 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the third bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point is f 3 The pattern bandwidth is [f L3 ,f H3 ]Is a target radiation field of (2);representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the nth bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf n The pattern bandwidth is [f Ln ,f Hn ]Is provided.
And S1106, according to the corrected digital matrix, the pattern bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
And according to the corrected digital matrix, guiding modeling simulation of the target holographic antenna structure, thereby obtaining a final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern. The modified digital matrix obtained in this embodiment is shown in fig. 16; correcting a gap unit distribution diagram corresponding to the digital matrix, as shown in fig. 17; the final bandwidth modulated radiation pattern of the holographic antenna corresponding to the modified digital matrix is shown in fig. 18. After bandwidth modulation, the directional pattern bandwidth of the target beam is widened from 25.7-26.9GHz to 25.7-27.2GHz, and the sidelobe ratio is optimized from-10 dB to-10.4 dB.
It should be noted that although the method operations of the above embodiments are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that particular order or that all illustrated operations be performed in order to achieve desirable results. Rather, the depicted steps may change the order of execution. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step to perform, and/or one step decomposed into multiple steps to perform.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 19, this embodiment provides a holographic antenna beam forming system, which includes a first acquisition unit 1901, a first calculation unit 1902, a first processing unit 1903, a first decision unit 1904, and a first forming unit 1905, where specific functions of the units are as follows:
a first acquiring unit 1901 for acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiating units of the target holographic antenna;
the first calculating unit 1902 is configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to a preset beam direction, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;
a first processing unit 1903 for discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;
a first decision unit 1904, configured to perform a threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution, to obtain a first digital matrix;
a first shaping unit 1905, configured to obtain a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 20, the present embodiment provides a system for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna, which includes a second acquisition unit 2001, a second calculation unit 2002, a second processing unit 2003, a second decision unit 2004, a first matrix operation unit 2005, and a second shaping unit 2006, where specific functions of the respective units are as follows:
A second acquiring unit 2001, configured to select a target side lobe according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquire a side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquire a feed structure and a plurality of radiating units of the target holographic antenna;
the second calculating unit 2002 is configured to calculate a radiation field with a side lobe beam pointing to be a main beam pointing and having an opposite phase, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;
a second processing unit 2003 for discretizing and quantizing the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;
a second decision unit 2004, configured to perform a threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution, to obtain a second digital matrix;
a first matrix operation unit 2005, configured to perform a mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;
and the second shaping unit 2006 is configured to implement side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and obtain a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 21, the present embodiment provides a multi-beam shaping and designing system of a holographic antenna, which includes a third acquisition unit 2101, a third calculation unit 2102, a third processing unit 2103, a third decision unit 2104, a second matrix operation unit 2105 and a third shaping unit 2106, and specific functions of the respective units are as follows:
A third obtaining unit 2101, configured to select a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and obtain a feed structure and a plurality of radiating units of the target holographic antenna;
a third calculation unit 2102, configured to calculate a radiation field with a beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as a main beam direction, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a second beam direction holographic interference pattern;
a third processing unit 2103 for discretizing and quantizing the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating unit, thereby obtaining a second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;
a third decision unit 2104, configured to perform threshold decision on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution, so as to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;
a second matrix operation unit 2105, configured to perform a logical or operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix, to obtain a modified digital matrix;
and the third shaping unit 2106 is used for realizing the shaping and design of the multi-beam antenna of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix and obtaining the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 22, this embodiment provides a holographic antenna actual bandwidth modulation system, which includes a fourth acquisition unit 2201, a fourth calculation unit 2202, a fourth processing unit 2203, a fourth decision unit 2204, a third matrix operation unit 2205, and a fourth shaping unit 2206, where specific functions of the respective units are as follows:
a fourth obtaining unit 2201, configured to select a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and obtain a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units;
a fourth calculating unit 2202, configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern;
a fourth processing unit 2203, configured to perform discretization and quantization processing on the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain a second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution;
a fourth decision unit 2204, configured to perform threshold decision on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution, to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix;
A third matrix operation unit 2205, configured to perform mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;
and the fourth shaping unit 2206 is configured to implement bandwidth widening of the pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the modified digital matrix, and obtain a final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
Example 9:
as shown in fig. 23, this embodiment provides a computer apparatus including a processor 2302, a memory, an input device 2303, a display device 2304 and a network interface 2305, which are connected through a system bus 2301, the processor being configured to provide computing and control capabilities, the memory including a nonvolatile storage medium 2306 and an internal memory 2307, the nonvolatile storage medium 2306 storing an operating system, a computer program and a database, the internal memory 2307 providing an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the nonvolatile storage medium, the processor 2302 implementing the method of shaping a holographic antenna beam of embodiment 1 described above, or implementing the method of canceling a holographic antenna side lobe beam of embodiment 2 described above, or implementing the method of shaping and designing a holographic antenna beam of embodiment 3 described above, or implementing the method of modulating an actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna of embodiment 4 described above, when the processor 2302 executes the computer program stored in the memory.
Example 10:
the present embodiment provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, and stores a computer program, where the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method for shaping a holographic antenna beam of the foregoing embodiment 1, or implements the method for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna of the foregoing embodiment 2, or implements the method for shaping and designing a holographic antenna of the foregoing embodiment 3, or implements the method for modulating an actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna of the foregoing embodiment 4.
The computer readable storage medium of the present embodiment may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present embodiment, however, the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with a computer-readable program embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable storage medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer program embodied on a computer readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: electrical wires, fiber optic cables, RF (radio frequency), and the like, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The computer readable storage medium may be written in one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, python, C ++ and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the C-language or similar programming languages, or combinations thereof for performing the present embodiments. The program may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
In summary, the invention can realize continuous adjustment of the state of the holographic antenna radiating unit by using a simple control circuit (such as a PIN diode as a radio frequency switch), and overcomes the defects of excessively complex control circuit and excessively high debugging cost. In addition, firstly, the invention can control the working and non-working states of the holographic antenna radiation unit, so that the generated radiation field counteracts the side lobe energy outside the main beam radiation, and the side lobe level is obviously reduced; secondly, the invention can expand the pattern bandwidth of the generated radiation field by controlling the working state of the holographic antenna radiation unit.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention patent, and all those skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A method of beamforming a holographic antenna, the method comprising:
acquiring a preset beam direction, a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of a target holographic antenna;
Calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in a feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a first digital matrix is obtained;
and obtaining a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.
2. The method of beam forming of a holographic antenna of claim 1, wherein the discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a first discrete excitation intensity distribution, comprises:
based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
calculating a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element according to the guided wave phase difference value, the space distance and the included angle, wherein the first discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
Wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>A polar vector representing the position of the radiating element; />A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element;
a first discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained from the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing threshold decision on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix specifically includes:
threshold judgment is carried out on the first discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, and a first judgment result of each radiation unit is obtained;
when the threshold is positive, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
；
when the threshold is negative, the threshold decision formula is as follows:
；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing a first discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and (2)>A first judgment result of each radiation unit is represented, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-operating state;
and constructing a first digital matrix according to the first judgment result of each radiation unit.
4. A method of canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna, the method comprising:
selecting a target side lobe according to a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
calculating the direction of the side lobe beam as the radiation field with the main beam direction and the phase opposite to that of the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiating element, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second digital matrix is obtained;
performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and according to the corrected digital matrix, the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is realized, and meanwhile, the second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation element, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution, specifically comprises:
Based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
calculating a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element according to the guided wave phase difference value, the spatial distance and the included angle, wherein the second discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +.>Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element;
a second discrete excitation intensity distribution is obtained from the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the performing a threshold decision on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix specifically includes:
threshold judgment is carried out on the second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and a second judgment result of each radiating element is obtained, wherein the second judgment result is represented by the following formula:
；
Wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing a second discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element, and (2)>A second judgment result of each radiation unit is represented, 1 represents that the radiation unit is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiation unit is in a non-operating state;
and constructing a second digital matrix according to the second judgment result of each radiation unit.
7. The method for canceling a side lobe beam of a holographic antenna of claim 4 wherein said performing a mathematical operation on said first and second digital matrices to obtain a modified digital matrix comprises:
and performing logical OR operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with side lobe inhibition effect, wherein the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the final judgment result of each radiation unit in the corrected digital matrix, and corresponding to the final radiation field; />Representing each radiation unit in a first digital matrixThe first judgment result of the element corresponds to the main lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; />Representing a second judgment result of each radiation unit in the second digital matrix, and corresponding to the first side lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam;representing a third decision result of each radiating element in the third digital matrix, and corresponding to a second sub-lobe radiation field pointed by the target beam; / >Representing an nth decision result of each radiation unit in an nth digital matrix, and corresponding to an nth-1 side lobe radiation field pointed by a target beam;
according to the correction digital matrix, the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and shaping is carried out according to the final judgment result in the corrected digital matrix so as to weaken or even eliminate the first to nth side lobes of the target radiation field.
8. A holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design method, the method comprising:
selecting a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring beam directions of the second beam radiation pattern, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
calculating a radiation field with the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second beam direction holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;
Threshold judgment is carried out on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second beam pointing digital matrix is obtained;
performing logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and according to the corrected digital matrix, realizing the multi-beam antenna shaping and design of the target holographic antenna, and simultaneously obtaining the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
9. A method for modulating the actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna, the method comprising:
according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, the preset beam direction is unchanged, a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is selected, the preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern is obtained, and a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units are obtained;
calculating the interference of the radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern and the guided wave in the feed structure to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern;
discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution;
threshold judgment is carried out on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution, and a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix is obtained;
Performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
according to the corrected digital matrix, the pattern bandwidth expansion of the target holographic antenna is realized, and the final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna is obtained.
10. The method for modulating the actual bandwidth of the holographic antenna according to claim 9, wherein the discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulated holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity distribution, specifically comprises:
based on the two-dimensional array surface of the antenna radiation units, calculating a guided wave phase difference value of each radiation unit relative to a reference guided wave phase origin;
establishing a space coordinate system by using the center of an antenna array surface, and calculating the space distance of each radiation unit relative to an origin and an included angle between the radiation unit and an x axis or a y axis according to the position of each radiation unit in the coordinate plane;
and calculating the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit according to the guided wave phase difference value, the space distance and the included angle, wherein the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the phase constant in free space, the vector direction being the target radiation field direction, +. >Polar vector representing the position of the radiating element, < +.>A guided wave phase difference value representing the radiation unit relative to the origin of the guided wave phase,/and>representing a second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity for each radiating element;
and obtaining second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution according to the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit.
11. The method for modulating the actual bandwidth of the holographic antenna according to claim 9, wherein the threshold decision is performed on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, specifically comprising:
threshold judgment is carried out on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity of each radiation unit, and a second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiation unit is obtained, wherein the second bandwidth modulation judgment result is represented by the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing threshold value->Representing the second bandwidth modulated discrete excitation intensity of each radiating element>Representing a second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiating element, wherein 1 represents that the radiating element is in an operating state, and 0 represents that the radiating element is in a non-operating state;
and constructing a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix according to the second bandwidth modulation judgment result of each radiation unit.
12. The method for modulating the actual bandwidth of the holographic antenna according to claim 9, wherein the performing mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix comprises:
Performing logical AND operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix with the function of expanding the bandwidth of the directional diagram, wherein the modified digital matrix has the following formula:
；
wherein,,representing the final decision of each radiating element in the bandwidth modulated modified digital matrixAs a result, the resulting radiation field; />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the first digital matrix, wherein the corresponding central frequency point isf 1 The pattern bandwidth is [f L1 , f H1 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiation unit in the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf 2 The pattern bandwidth is [f L2 , f H2 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the third bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf 3 The pattern bandwidth is [f L3 , f H3 ]Is a target radiation field of (2); />Representing the judgment result of each radiating element in the nth bandwidth modulation digital matrix, wherein the corresponding center frequency point isf n The pattern bandwidth is [f Ln , f Hn ]Is provided.
13. A holographic antenna beamforming system, the system comprising;
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the preset beam direction, the feed structure and the plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
The first calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field corresponding to the preset beam direction and calculating the guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure to obtain a first holographic interference pattern;
the first processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the first holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit so as to obtain first discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the first judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the first discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a first digital matrix;
and the first shaping unit is used for obtaining a first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the first digital matrix.
14. A holographic antenna side lobe beam cancellation system, the system comprising:
the second acquisition unit is used for selecting a target side lobe according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the side lobe beam direction of the target side lobe, and acquiring a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field with the side lobe beam pointing to be the main beam pointing and with the phase opposite to that of the main beam, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second holographic interference pattern;
A second processing unit for discretizing and quantifying the second holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, thereby obtaining a second discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the second judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second digital matrix;
the first matrix operation unit is used for carrying out mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and the second shaping unit is used for realizing the side lobe beam cancellation of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and simultaneously obtaining a second radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
15. A holographic antenna multi-beam shaping and design system, the system comprising:
the third acquisition unit is used for selecting a second beam radiation pattern based on the first beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, acquiring the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern, and acquiring the feed structure and a plurality of radiation units of the target holographic antenna;
the third calculation unit is used for calculating a radiation field which takes the beam direction of the second beam radiation pattern as the main beam direction, and calculating the interference of the radiation field and guided waves in the feed structure to obtain a second beam direction holographic interference pattern;
The third processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the second beam pointing holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit so as to obtain second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the third judging unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second beam pointing discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second beam pointing digital matrix;
the second matrix operation unit is used for carrying out logical OR operation on the first beam pointing digital matrix and the second beam pointing digital matrix to obtain a corrected digital matrix;
and the third shaping unit is used for realizing the shaping and design of the multi-beam antenna of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and obtaining the multi-beam radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
16. A holographic antenna practical bandwidth modulation system, said system comprising:
a fourth obtaining unit, configured to select a second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern according to the first radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna, obtain a preset beam direction of the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and obtain a feed structure and a plurality of radiation units;
a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate a radiation field corresponding to the second bandwidth modulation radiation pattern, and calculate a guided wave interference between the radiation field and the feed structure, so as to obtain a second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern;
The fourth processing unit is used for discretizing and quantifying the second bandwidth modulation holographic interference pattern based on the position of each radiation unit, so as to obtain second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution;
the fourth judgment unit is used for carrying out threshold judgment on the second bandwidth modulation discrete excitation intensity distribution to obtain a second bandwidth modulation digital matrix;
the third matrix operation unit is used for carrying out mathematical operation on the first digital matrix and the second bandwidth modulation digital matrix to obtain a modified digital matrix;
and the fourth shaping unit is used for realizing the bandwidth widening of the pattern of the target holographic antenna according to the corrected digital matrix and simultaneously obtaining the final bandwidth modulation radiation pattern of the target holographic antenna.
17. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory for storing a program executable by the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the method of shaping the holographic antenna beam according to any one of claims 1-3, or implements the method of canceling the holographic antenna side lobe beam according to any one of claims 4-7, or implements the method of shaping and designing the holographic antenna multi-beam according to claim 8, or implements the method of modulating the actual bandwidth of the holographic antenna according to any one of claims 9-12.
18. A storage medium storing a program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of shaping a holographic antenna beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, or implements the method of canceling a holographic antenna side lobe beam according to any one of claims 4 to 7, or implements the method of shaping and designing a holographic antenna multi-beam according to claim 8, or implements the method of modulating an actual bandwidth of a holographic antenna according to any one of claims 9 to 12.
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