CN113804946A - Equipotential parasitic power supply voltage and current transformer combination device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Equipotential parasitic power supply voltage and current transformer combination device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/12—Measuring electrostatic fields or voltage-potential
Abstract
The invention relates to an equipotential parasitic power supply voltage and current transformer combination device and a working method thereof, wherein the equipotential parasitic power supply voltage and current transformer combination device comprises the following steps: the system comprises an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply, an electric field sensor, a current transformer, a single chip microcomputer, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber; the negative electrode of the equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply is connected with a high-voltage wire, sensing signals of an electric field sensor and a current transformer are respectively processed into standard voltages through an operational amplifier, the standard voltages are sent to a single chip microcomputer for analog-to-digital conversion, voltage data are calculated and sent to an optical fiber coupler, and the data are isolated and sent to ground equipment through optical fibers. The invention moves the reference zero potential of the traditional current and electric field sensor to the high-voltage line, successfully avoids the difficult problem of high-voltage isolation, applies the mature sensing technology of the low-voltage power grid to the high-voltage power grid, and combines the electronic circuit, the single chip microcomputer intelligence and the optical fiber signal isolation transmission technology, thereby changing the manufacturing cost, the volume and the installation simplicity of the high-voltage PT and CT into the optimal configuration for the construction of the intelligent power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an equipotential parasitic power supply voltage and current transformer (PT, CT) combined device and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of power sensors.
Background
The operation of the power system can not be separated from detection and measurement, the detection can not be separated from sensors, the basic parameters of monitoring are voltage, current and phase, the modern power grid is a nationwide or even world networked huge system, and in order to cope with climate change, energy conservation and emission reduction, a large amount of distributed unstable clean energy can be continuously and randomly merged into the power grid, the operation mode of the traditional power grid is thoroughly subverted, the scheduling management intellectualization of the power grid becomes the current business requirement of the modern power grid, the so-called intelligent power grid organically integrates information technology, communication technology, computer technology and power transmission and distribution equipment, the automation, informatization and intellectualization of the scheduling management can be realized to ensure that the power grid after new energy is added can efficiently, stably and safely operate, obviously, the construction of the intelligent power grid needs massive data support, massive data acquisition needs massive sensors, wherein PT and CT are the main bodies of the power sensors, however, the conventional mode is mainly a PT (potential transformer) and a CT (current transformer) adopted by a medium-high voltage power grid so far, and the conventional mode takes the ground as a reference zero potential and needs high-voltage isolation, the high-voltage isolation technology causes that PT and CT equipment is large in size, heavy in weight, high in manufacturing cost and difficult to install and use, and economic obstacles (large in investment) and technical obstacles (a high-voltage isolation technology touches a technical ceiling), precision improvement obstacles (secondary mutual inductance is needed), application obstacles (large in installation engineering quantity, poor in reliability and low in safety factor and manual operation is not removed completely) which are difficult to surmount are caused to the construction of a smart power grid.
The construction of a strong smart power grid taking extra-high voltage as a backbone in China is advanced in the world, but the current situations of medium-high voltage PT and CT are not obviously changed, and the construction of the smart power grid is bound.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage supply, an integrated combination of a manganin plate resistance current sensor and a parallel plate capacitance electric field sensor, a sensed signal sorting circuit, a singlechip intelligent filtering and voltage calculation, and provides a novel medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device which is cheap and good, has accurate sensing and is easy to install for a power grid.
The invention also provides a working method of the combined device.
The invention installs a low-voltage AC mutual inductor on the high-voltage line, uses the sensed current as a current source, charges the rechargeable battery through a special circuit, and the cathode of the battery is connected with the high-voltage line to form an equipotential parasitic DC stabilized power supply; the reference zero potential of PT and CT is moved to a high-voltage line under the support of the sensor, the equipotential sensing of current and voltage is carried out, and the high-voltage isolation is not needed, so a manganin resistance plate used by a low-voltage electric energy meter can be directly used as a current sensor, meanwhile, the manganin plate is used as one pole of a parallel plate capacitor to form a capacitor electric field sensor, current and voltage sensing signals are arranged by an operational amplifier, sent to an A/D port of a singlechip to carry out analog-to-digital conversion, digitally filtered by a software program, and after the interference is filtered, the voltage value is calculated according to U-Ed (U is electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is distance between capacitors); the current and voltage data measured and calculated by the singlechip are transmitted to ground equipment in an optical fiber isolation way; the manganese-copper plate current sensor is used as a high-voltage line pole of a parallel-plate capacitor, so that the organic combination of current and electric field sensors can be realized, if the circuit is comprehensively integrated into a chip, the sensor can be made into a medium-high voltage current and voltage combined sensor which is cheapest (hundreds of yuan), smallest and ingenious (the size of a low-voltage current transformer), most accurate (no need of secondary sensing), safest (only needs optical fiber signal isolation) and easy to install (connected to a high-voltage line in series), and construction obstacles caused by the traditional PT and CT are eliminated for the construction of an intelligent power grid.
The invention aims to: the reference zero potential of the traditional medium-high voltage PT and CT is moved to a high-voltage line, and under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage power supply, low-voltage CT (electromagnetic coil type, manganese copper plate resistance type), capacitance electric field sensing technology, single-chip microcomputer intelligent technology and optical fiber isolation transmission technology are utilized for organic integration, so that the miniaturization, manual operation, intellectualization and accuracy of the integrated design of the medium-high voltage PT and CT are realized, and the optimal medium-high voltage PT and CT mode is provided for the construction of the intelligent power grid by using the price of white dishes and zero installation cost.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an equipotential parasitic power supply intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device comprises: the system comprises a 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply, a capacitive electric field sensor, a low-voltage current transformer, a single chip microcomputer, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber;
the current transformer is used as a parasitic current source, the induced current is subjected to full-wave rectification to form 100Hz direct current pulse, the rechargeable battery is charged after amplitude limiting to form a 5V equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply, and the negative electrode of the 5V equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply is connected with a high-voltage wire and used as a 5V direct current stabilized power supply used by the circuit and the single chip microcomputer; the sensing signals of the electric field sensor and the current transformer are respectively processed into 0-5V standard voltage by an operational amplifier and sent to an A/D1 port and an A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer for analog-to-digital conversion; the singlechip performs digital filtering on analog-to-digital conversion data of the A/D1 port and the A/D2 port through a software program, filters out interphase interference, calculates voltage data according to U (equal to Ed), sends the voltage data to the optical fiber coupler from the I/O port, isolates and sends the data to ground equipment through optical fibers, U is phase line electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is distance between electrodes of a capacitor.
According to the invention, preferably, the current sensor adopts a cheap manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor or an electromagnetic coil type current sensor which is widely used by a low-voltage electric energy meter because high-voltage isolation is avoided.
According to the invention, the equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply comprises a low-voltage current transformer CT1 with a middle tap, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW, a triode Q1, a charging diode D3, a 5V rechargeable battery DC, a filter capacitor C1 and a filter capacitor C2, wherein the middle tap of the current transformer CT1 is connected with a high-voltage wire, the other two ends of the current transformer are respectively connected with one end of the rectifier diode D1 and one end of the rectifier diode D2, the other end of the rectifier diode D1 is connected with the other end of the rectifier diode D2, one end of the 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW, a collector of the triode Q1 and one end of the charging diode D3, the other end of the D3 is connected with the anode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and one end of the filter capacitor C2, the other end of the 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW is connected with the base of the triode Q1, the other end of the filter capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the filter capacitor C1, The other end of the filter capacitor C2, the negative electrode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC and the emitter of the triode Q1 are connected together and connected to a high-voltage line.
According to the invention, the current transformer comprises a manganin plate resistance type current sensor provided with three joints of 0 joint, 1 joint and 2 joint, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3; one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a 0 contact of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with one input end of an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3, one end of a resistor R2 is connected with a 1 contact (high current) of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the other input end of the operational amplifier U1, the operational amplifier U2 and the operational amplifier U3, and the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and an A/D1 port of the singlechip; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 2-contact (small current) of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the resistor R5 and one input end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 and the A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer.
According to the invention, the electric field sensor comprises a parallel plate capacitor, a resistor R6 and a resistor R7 which are integrated with the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor; the other pole contact 3 of the parallel plate capacitor is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7 and one input end of an operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and an A/D3 port of the single chip microcomputer.
According to the invention, the optical fiber coupler comprises a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler, and the optical fibers comprise a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber; the single chip microcomputer carries out digital filtering on the data of A/D analog-to-digital conversion through a software program, filters out interphase interference and current range processing, calculates voltage data according to U-Ed (D is the distance between two poles of a feedthrough capacitor, E is the electric field intensity, and U is electromotive force), sends the current data to a first optical fiber coupler through an I/O1 port, transmits the current data to ground equipment through first optical fiber isolation, and similarly sends the voltage data to a second optical fiber coupler through an I/O2 port, and transmits the voltage data to the ground equipment through second optical fiber isolation.
The working method of the high-voltage and current sensor combination device in the equipotential parasitic power supply comprises the following steps:
(1) the current induced by the current transformer CT1 from the high-voltage line is rectified by a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2, a 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW and a triode QI limit the voltage of a 5V rechargeable battery DC to be charged into a 5V direct-current stabilized power supply, and the negative electrode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC is connected with the high-voltage line to be a 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply taking the high-voltage line as reference zero potential;
(2) the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor is divided into a 0 connection point, a 1 connection point and a 2 connection point, the 0 connection point is a reference point, when current passes through the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor, voltage signals are respectively generated at the 1 connection point (large current) and the 2 connection point (small current), the two voltage signals are respectively processed into 0-5V by an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2 and then sent to a singlechip A/D1 port and an A/D2 port for analog-to-digital conversion (the conversion resolution is determined by an A/D digit), the singlechip judges the measuring range through a program and sends the judged and selected data to a first optical fiber coupler through an I/O1 port, and the data are transmitted to ground equipment through a first optical fiber in an isolation mode to complete the current transmission function;
(3) under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage supply, electric charges induced by the other pole of a parallel plate capacitor with a manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor as one pole are processed into 0-5V electric field signals through an operational amplifier U3 and are sent to an A/D3 port of a single chip microcomputer for analog-to-digital conversion, the single chip microcomputer carries out digital filtering through a software program, after inter-phase interference is filtered out, a voltage value V is calculated according to U ═ Ed, the voltage value V is sent to a second optical fiber coupler through an I/O2 port, and the voltage value V is isolated and transmitted to ground equipment through a second optical fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention utilizes the combination of a low-voltage current sensor and a rechargeable battery to form an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage power supply, moves the reference zero potential of the traditional current and electric field sensor to a high-voltage line, successfully avoids the high-voltage isolation problem, and under the support of the equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage power supply, the mature sensing technology of the low-voltage power grid is applied to the high-voltage power grid irrevocably, and is matched with an electronic circuit, a singlechip intelligence and an optical fiber signal isolation transmission technology, so that the manufacturing cost, the volume and the installation of high-voltage PT and CT are simplified, and the equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage power supply becomes the optimal configuration for the construction of an intelligent power grid.
2. High-voltage isolation is avoided, secondary mutual inductance is not needed, and detection precision, safety, reliability, usability and the like are remarkably improved.
3. The function module as the most basic can be easily integrated with other function modules to form power equipment with multiple functions such as a substation bus terminal, a high-voltage power grid line monitoring system and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the high voltage, current sensor assembly of the equipotential parasitic power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the high voltage, current sensor assembly of the equipotential parasitic power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the Mn-Cu plate resistance type current sensor and the parallel plate capacitance electric field sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further defined in the following, but not limited to, the figures and examples in the description.
Example 1
An intelligent middle-high voltage PT and CT combined device of an equipotential parasitic power supply, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the system comprises a 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply, a capacitive electric field sensor, a low-voltage current transformer, a single chip microcomputer, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber;
the invention integrates the current mutual inductance and the battery into a whole, uses the current mutual inductor as a parasitic current source, rectifies the induced current into 100Hz direct current pulse in a full-wave manner, charges the rechargeable battery after amplitude limiting, becomes a 5V equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply, and is used as a power supply of an intelligent detection circuit; connecting the negative electrode of the 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply with a high-voltage wire to serve as a 5V direct-current stabilized power supply used by the circuit and the singlechip; the sensing signals of the electric field sensor and the current transformer are respectively processed into 0-5V standard voltage by an operational amplifier and sent to an A/D1 port and an A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer for analog-to-digital conversion; the singlechip performs digital filtering on analog-to-digital conversion data of the A/D1 port and the A/D2 port through a software program, filters out interphase interference, calculates voltage data according to U ═ Ed, sends the voltage data to the optical fiber coupler from the I/O port, isolates and sends the data to ground equipment through optical fibers, U is phase line electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is distance between electrodes of a capacitor.
Example 2
The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of the equipotential parasitic power supply according to embodiment 1 is characterized in that:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, since high-voltage isolation is avoided, the current sensor is a low-cost manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor or an electromagnetic coil type current sensor widely used in low-voltage electric energy meters. Because it is connected in series with high-voltage line, it can use manganese copper plate as high-voltage line pole to make a parallel plate capacitor as electric field sensor (when adopting electromagnetic coil type, it adopts ceramic plate capacitor), and can be formed into the combination of current and electric field sensor.
The equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply comprises a low-voltage current transformer CT1 with a middle tap, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a 5.5V voltage-stabilizing diode DW, a triode Q1, a charging diode D3, a 5V rechargeable battery DC, a filter capacitor C1 and a filter capacitor C2, wherein the middle tap of the current transformer CT1 is connected with a high-voltage wire, the other two ends of the middle tap are respectively connected with one end of the rectifier diode D1 and one end of the rectifier diode D2, the other end of the rectifier diode D1 is connected with the other end of the rectifier diode D2, one end of the 5.5V voltage-stabilizing diode DW, a collector of the triode Q1 and one end of the charging diode D3, the other end of the D3 is connected with the anode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and one end of the filter capacitor C2, the other end of the 5.5V voltage-stabilizing diode DW is connected with the base of the triode Q1, the other end of the filter capacitor C1, the other end of the filter capacitor C2 and the other end of the filter capacitor C2, The negative pole of the 5V rechargeable battery DC and the emitter of the transistor Q1 are connected together to a high voltage line.
The current transformer comprises a manganin plate resistor type current sensor provided with three joints of a 0 joint, a 1 joint and a 2 joint, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3; one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a 0 contact of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with one input end of an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3, one end of a resistor R2 is connected with a 1 contact (high current) of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the other input end of the operational amplifier U1, the operational amplifier U2 and the operational amplifier U3, and the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and an A/D1 port of the singlechip; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 2-contact (small current) of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the resistor R5 and one input end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 and the A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer.
The electric field sensor comprises a parallel plate capacitor, a resistor R6 and a resistor R7 which are integrated with the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor; the other pole contact 3 of the parallel plate capacitor is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7 and one input end of an operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and an A/D3 port of the single chip microcomputer.
The optical fiber coupler comprises a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler, and the optical fibers comprise a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber; the singlechip digitally filters the data of A/D analog-to-digital conversion through a software program, filters interphase interference and current range processing, calculates voltage data according to U ═ Ed (D is the distance between two poles of a feedthrough capacitor, E is the electric field intensity, and U is the electromotive force), sends the current data to the first optical fiber coupler through an I/O1 port, transmits the current data to ground equipment through first optical fiber isolation, and similarly sends the voltage data to the second optical fiber coupler through an I/O2 port, and transmits the voltage data to the ground equipment through second optical fiber isolation.
Example 3
The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of the equipotential parasitic power supply according to embodiment 2 is characterized in that:
the current sensor adopts electromagnetic coil type current sensing, the parallel plate capacitance is changed into common ceramic chip capacitance, and the two electromagnetic coil type current sensors are made into a clamp shape, so that high-voltage PT and CT with no power outage, zero installation cost, no maintenance and white dish price can be formed, which are similar to clamp-shaped electricity meters.
Example 4
The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of the equipotential parasitic power supply according to embodiment 2 is characterized in that:
the single chip microcomputer in the picture 2 is changed into an AM chip, two paths of optical fibers of PT and CT combination of the other phase are connected into the AM of the phase, a comprehensive monitoring and metering terminal can be formed, corresponding programs given to the AM are developed, detection and metering of voltage, current, phase, active power, reactive power, power factor, third harmonic power, seventh harmonic power, active electric quantity and reactive electric quantity can be achieved, the detection and metering results are transmitted to ground equipment through optical fiber isolation, and the terminal becomes a first-diagnosis monitoring and metering terminal for the price of the Chinese cabbage.
Example 5
The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of the equipotential parasitic power supply according to embodiment 2 is characterized in that:
the optical fiber transmission is removed, the optical fiber transmission is grafted with the monitoring camera, and the high-voltage power grid line patrol remote monitoring terminal can be formed by matching with a single chip microcomputer program, so that a high-voltage line patrol system is formed and is hung on a high-voltage line pole, the state, the fault and the alarm of a line can be judged through the change of electric parameters, and the video field monitoring can be realized through the monitoring camera.
Example 6
The working method of the high-voltage and current sensor combination device in the equipotential parasitic power supply according to embodiment 2 includes the following steps:
(1) the current induced by a current transformer CT1 from a high-voltage line is rectified by a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2, the current value and the pulse amplitude are indefinite, so after amplitude limiting is carried out through the combination of DW and Q1, a 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW and a triode QI are used for carrying out amplitude limiting on 5V rechargeable battery DC to form a 5V direct-current stabilized power supply, and the negative electrode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC is connected with the high-voltage line to form a 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply taking the high-voltage line as reference zero potential; the negative electrode of the battery is connected with a high-voltage wire to form a continuous and stable equipotential power supply, and the current mutual inductance type and the battery type are organically integrated to make up the defects of a single battery type, a solar type and a current mutual inductance type, and is the conventional PT. The reference zero potential of the CT is moved to a high-voltage line, high-voltage isolation is avoided, and a low-cost 5V equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply which is stable, simple and free from installation limitation is provided;
(2) the invention realizes equipotential sensing and avoids the problem of high voltage isolation thoroughly under the support of a 5V equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply, therefore, the invention adopts the cheapest manganin plate resistance current sensor commonly used by a low-voltage electric energy meter to realize high voltage current sensing (certainly, the traditional electromagnetic coil type can also be adopted), the manganin plate resistance type current sensor is divided into a 0 contact, a 1 contact and a 2 contact, the 0 contact is a reference point, when current passes through the manganin plate resistance type current sensor, voltage signals are respectively generated at the 1 contact (large current) and the 2 contact (small current), the two voltage signals are respectively arranged into 0-5V (V ═ IR) by an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2, then the two voltage signals are transmitted to a/D1 port and a/D2 port to carry out analog-to-digital conversion (the conversion resolution is determined by A/D potential number), the singlechip judges the measuring range through a program and transmits the data selected by judgment to a first optical fiber coupler from the I/O1 port, the current is transmitted to ground equipment by first optical fiber in an isolated way to finish the current transmission function; under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage supply, a reference zero potential can be moved to a high-voltage line only by high-voltage PT and CT, and current and electric field sensing without high-voltage isolation can be realized on the high-voltage line, so that the low-voltage electric energy meter can be used, and the cheapest manganese-copper plate resistance current sensor and parallel plate capacitor are combined into a whole to replace the traditional PT and CT which are expensive, large in size and difficult to install.
(3) Under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply, electric charges induced by the other pole of a parallel plate capacitor with a manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor as one pole are arranged into an electric field signal of 0-5V through an operational amplifier U3 (if a Ross differential current transformer is adopted, an integrator needs to be adopted), the electric field signal is sent to an A/D3 port of a singlechip for analog-to-digital conversion, the singlechip carries out digital filtering through a software program, after inter-phase interference is filtered out, a voltage value V is calculated according to U ═ Ed (U is electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is the distance between two polar plates of the capacitor), the voltage value V is sent to a second optical fiber coupler through an I/O2 port, and the voltage value V is isolated and transmitted to ground equipment through a second optical fiber.
Similarly, under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current power supply, an amplified finishing circuit of a sensing signal and a single chip microcomputer can work on line, and particularly, the single chip microcomputer can perform A/D (analog/digital) conversion and digital filtering on an electric field data signal by using a program, and after interphase interference is filtered, a voltage value V is calculated according to a formula U-Ed (U is electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is distance between electrodes of a capacitor).
Because the digital signal is formed on the line, the high-voltage isolation problem is thoroughly solved by carrying out isolation transmission through the optical fiber.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high voltage PT, CT composite set among equipotential parasitic power supply intelligence which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply, an electric field sensor, a current transformer, a single chip microcomputer, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber;
the current transformer is used as a parasitic current source, the induced current is subjected to full-wave rectification to form 100Hz direct current pulse, the charged battery is charged after amplitude limiting to form an equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply, the negative electrode of the equipotential parasitic direct current stabilized power supply is connected with a high-voltage wire, sensing signals of the electric field sensor and the current transformer are respectively processed into 0-5V standard voltage through an operational amplifier, and are sent to an A/D1 port and an A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer to be subjected to analog-to-digital conversion; the singlechip digitally filters analog-to-digital conversion data of the A/D1 port and the A/D2 port, filters out interphase interference, calculates voltage data according to U-Ed, sends the voltage data to the optical fiber coupler from the I/O port, isolates and sends the data to ground equipment by optical fibers, U is phase line electromotive force, E is electric field intensity, and D is distance between electrodes of a capacitor.
2. The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of an equipotential parasitic power supply according to claim 1, wherein the current sensor is a manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor or an electromagnetic coil type current sensor.
3. The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combination device of an equipotential parasitic power supply according to claim 2, wherein the equipotential parasitic direct current regulated power supply comprises a low-voltage current transformer CT1 with a center tap, a rectifier diode D1, a rectifier diode D2, a 5.5V Zener diode DW, a transistor Q1, a charging diode D3, a 5V rechargeable battery DC, a filter capacitor C1, and a filter capacitor C2, the center tap of the current transformer CT1 is connected with a high-voltage line, and the other two ends are respectively connected with one end of the rectifier diode D1 and one end of the rectifier diode D2, the other end of the rectifier diode D1 is connected with the other end of the rectifier diode D2, one end of the 5.5V Zener diode DW, the collector of the transistor Q1, and one end of the charging diode D3, the other end of the D3 is connected with the anode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and one end of the filter capacitor C2, the other end of the 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q1, and the other end of the filter capacitor C1, the other end of the filter capacitor C2, the negative electrode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC and the emitting electrode of the triode Q1 are connected together and connected to a high-voltage wire.
4. The intelligent high-voltage PT and CT combined device for the equipotential parasitic power supply according to claim 3, wherein the current transformer comprises a manganin plate resistor type current sensor with three contacts of 0 contact, 1 contact and 2 contact, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3; one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a 0 contact of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with one input end of an operational amplifier U1, an operational amplifier U2 and an operational amplifier U3, one end of a resistor R2 is connected with a 1 contact of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and the other input end of the operational amplifier U1, the operational amplifier U2 and the operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1 and an A/D1 port of the singlechip; one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the 2-point of the manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with one end of the resistor R5 and one input end of the operational amplifier U2, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U2 and an A/D2 port of the single chip microcomputer.
5. The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combination device of the equipotential parasitic power supply according to claim 4, wherein the electric field sensor comprises a parallel plate capacitor, a resistor R6, a resistor R7 integrated with a manganese copper plate resistor type current sensor; the other pole contact 3 of the parallel plate capacitor is connected with one end of a resistor R6, the other end of a resistor R6 is connected with one end of a resistor R7 and one input end of an operational amplifier U3, and the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U3 and an A/D3 port of the single chip microcomputer.
6. The intelligent medium-high voltage PT and CT combined device of an equipotential parasitic power supply according to claim 5, wherein the optical fiber couplers comprise a first optical fiber coupler and a second optical fiber coupler, and the optical fibers comprise a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber; the single chip microcomputer carries out digital filtering on the data subjected to analog-to-digital conversion, phase-to-phase interference and current range processing are filtered, voltage data are calculated according to U-Ed, the current data are sent to the first optical fiber coupler through the I/O1 port and are transmitted to ground equipment through first optical fiber isolation, and similarly, the voltage data are sent to the second optical fiber coupler through the I/O2 port and are transmitted to the ground equipment through second optical fiber isolation.
7. The method of operating the high voltage, current sensor combination in an equipotential parasitic power supply of claim 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) the current induced by the current transformer CT1 from the high-voltage line is rectified by a rectifier diode D1 and a rectifier diode D2, a 5.5V voltage stabilizing diode DW and a triode QI limit the voltage of a 5V rechargeable battery DC to be charged into a 5V direct-current stabilized power supply, and the negative electrode of the 5V rechargeable battery DC is connected with the high-voltage line to be an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized power supply taking the high-voltage line as a reference zero potential;
(2) the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor is divided into a 0 contact, a 1 contact and a 2 contact, the 0 contact is a reference point, when current passes through the manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor, voltage signals are respectively generated at the 1 contact and the 2 contact, the two voltage signals are respectively processed into 0-5V by an operational amplifier U1 and an operational amplifier U2 and then sent to a singlechip A/D1 port and an A/D2 port for analog-to-digital conversion, the singlechip judges the measuring range and sends the judged and selected data to a first optical fiber coupler from an I/O1 port, and the data are transmitted to ground equipment through first optical fiber isolation to complete the current transmission function;
(3) under the support of an equipotential parasitic direct-current stabilized voltage supply, charges induced by the other pole of a parallel plate capacitor with a manganese copper plate resistance type current sensor as one pole are arranged into 0-5V electric field signals through an operational amplifier U3 and are sent to an A/D3 port of a singlechip for analog-to-digital conversion, the singlechip performs digital filtering, after inter-phase interference is filtered out, a voltage value V is calculated according to U ═ Ed, the voltage value V is sent to a second optical fiber coupler through an I/O2 port, and the voltage value V is isolated and transmitted to ground equipment through a second optical fiber.
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Application publication date: 20211217 |