CN113804724B - Method for testing heat insulation performance of thermal protection ceramic coating - Google Patents
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- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ATRMIFNAYHCLJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].CCC Chemical compound [O].CCC ATRMIFNAYHCLJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing the heat insulation performance of a thermal protection ceramic coating, which comprises the steps of rapidly heating and preserving heat on the surface of the thermal protection ceramic coating, simultaneously cooling and recording the temperature of the surface of the ceramic coating and the temperature of the back surface of a metal matrix in real time; the method comprises the steps of carrying out rapid preheating and heat preservation on the coating surface of an alloy bonding layer, cooling the back surface of a metal matrix, recording the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer and the back surface temperature of the metal matrix in real time, enabling the back surface temperatures of the two metal matrixes to be consistent by adjusting the oxygen flow, wherein the actual temperature of the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer is the recorded temperature, and the difference between the ceramic coating surface temperature and the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer under the steady-state condition is the actual heat insulation temperature of the thermal protection ceramic coating. The method for testing the heat insulation performance of the heat protection ceramic coating can rapidly and accurately test the heat insulation performance of the heat protection ceramic coating and study the change of the heat insulation temperature in the actual service process of the coating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of heat-proof temperature of a heat-proof coating, and particularly relates to a method for testing heat-proof performance of a heat-proof ceramic coating.
Background
The thermal protection coating system mainly comprises a metal matrix, an alloy bonding layer and a ceramic coating, wherein the thermal protection coating is a low-heat-conductivity and oxidation-resistant functional coating deposited on the surface of the metal matrix, can be used for reducing the service temperature of a heated part and prolonging the service life of the heated part, and has important application value in core hot-end parts such as an aeroengine, a high-power diesel engine and the like.
The heat insulation capacity is a key index for measuring the performance of the thermal protection coating, and the heat insulation temperature refers to the difference between the actual temperature of the surface layer of the ceramic coating and the interface temperature of the ceramic coating and the alloy bonding layer. The larger the heat insulation temperature of the ceramic coating is, the lower the service temperature of the surface of the metal matrix is correspondingly, and the service life of the ceramic coating is prolonged. Therefore, a rapid, accurate, non-destructive measurement of the insulation temperature is necessary.
The existing method for testing the heat insulation temperature of the thermal protection coating mainly comprises the steps of heating a coated substrate and an uncoated substrate to a target temperature by using a high-temperature furnace, testing the back temperatures of the coated substrate and the uncoated substrate by using a welded thermocouple, and defining the back temperature difference of the coated substrate and the uncoated substrate as the heat insulation temperature of the coating, wherein the method has the defects that firstly, the actual service temperature of an adhesive layer cannot be accurately obtained, because a heating surface is tested at the same temperature, the surface temperature of an alloy adhesive layer and the surface temperature of the thermal protection coating are greatly different in the actual service process, and the heat insulation performance of the coating is greatly different at different service temperatures, so that the method is relatively low in accuracy; secondly, the temperature rise time of the high-temperature furnace is longer, the temperature regulation difficulty is high, and the test efficiency is lower. The application number is 201310688002.X, the patent application document of application publication number CN104713897A discloses a method for testing the surface performance of a thermal protection coating, which is to heat the surface of the thermal protection coating of a sample by adopting a laser beam with variable intensity, then cool the sample, repeatedly carrying out the process to the specified circulation times, measuring the temperature value of each temperature measuring point required in the experimental process, obtaining an average difference value, wherein the average difference value is the time-varying data of the surface temperature of the thermal protection coating obtained by infrared temperature measurement, and the temperature data of the thermocouple at the bonding interface of the thermal protection coating and a substrate, taking the difference between the two data at the same time point, obtaining the heat insulation temperature of the coating when the surface temperature is at a certain value by taking the average value, namely obtaining the heat insulation temperature of the bonding interface temperature of the thermal protection coating and the substrate through the difference between the surface temperature of the thermal protection coating and the bonding interface of the thermal protection coating, the method has the defects that the actual service temperature of the bonding layer cannot be accurately obtained, because the temperature of the bonding layer is tested at the same temperature, but the service temperature of the bonding layer is relatively different in the actual temperature, and the thermal protection coating has relatively high service performance; therefore, it is particularly necessary to develop a method for rapidly and accurately measuring the heat insulation temperature of the ceramic layer of the thermal protection coating.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to test the heat insulation performance of the surface layer of the thermal protection ceramic coating more rapidly and accurately and research the change of the heat insulation temperature in the actual service process of the coating, the invention aims to provide a method for testing the heat insulation performance of the thermal protection ceramic coating.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for testing the heat insulation performance of a thermal protection ceramic coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
the surface of the thermal protection ceramic coating is rapidly heated and insulated, and simultaneously cooled, and the surface temperature of the ceramic coating and the back temperature of the metal matrix are recorded in real time; the method comprises the steps of carrying out rapid preheating and heat preservation on the coating surface of an alloy bonding layer, cooling the back surface of a metal matrix, recording the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer and the back surface temperature of the metal matrix in real time, enabling the back surface temperatures of the two metal matrixes to be consistent by adjusting the oxygen flow, wherein the actual temperature of the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer is the recorded temperature, and the difference between the ceramic coating surface temperature and the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer under the steady-state condition is the actual heat insulation temperature of the thermal protection ceramic coating.
The invention relates to a method for testing the heat insulation performance of a thermal protection ceramic coating, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The surface with the thermal protection ceramic coating is quickly heated to the target temperature of 700-1500 ℃ by utilizing an oxygen-propane flame gun, the temperature is kept for 150-300S, the back surface of the metal matrix is cooled by utilizing compressed air with a certain flow rate while being heated, and meanwhile, the surface temperature T of the ceramic coating is respectively recorded in real time by utilizing a non-contact first and second online infrared thermometers 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
（2）An oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the alloy bonding coating to the target temperature of 500-1300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 150-300S, and the back surface of the metal matrix is cooled by compressed air with a certain flow rate while preheating; simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the coating is respectively recorded in real time by using a non-contact first and a second online infrared thermometers 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix of the alloy bonding layer 4 And the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the thermal protection ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
(3) The data of the temperature curve are called, and the surface temperature T of the ceramic coating under the steady-state condition 1 And the actual temperature T of the surface of the alloy bonding coating 3 The difference is the actual heat insulation temperature of the heat protection ceramic coating.
Preferably, the metal matrix can be nickel-based superalloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, etc., and is suitable for various metal matrixes.
Preferably, the temperature measuring range of the first infrared thermometer is 250-1650 ℃, and the temperature measuring range of the second infrared thermometer is 250-1400 ℃.
Preferably, the compressed air flow for cooling the back surface of the metal matrix is 20-60L min -1 And the compressed air flow in the steps (1) and (2) is ensured to be unchanged in single measurement.
Preferably, the steady state condition of the step (3) refers to a state that the surface temperature change is less than 20 ℃ and the holding time is more than or equal to 150s in the holding process of the step (1) and the step (2).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the method, the real service condition of the thermal protection ceramic coating is simulated through the operation of heat preservation and heating and cooling, the surface temperature reaches a stable state, the test heat insulation temperature is relatively more accurate, and the heat insulation temperature is the temperature difference in the heat preservation process.
(2) The heat insulation temperature is accurate, and the real temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating can be directly obtained by the test method.
(3) The testing method is simple, the temperature adjusting speed is high, the temperature change response of the surface of the coating and the back surface of the metal matrix is quick, and the testing efficiency is high.
(4) The method has no damage to the sample, belongs to non-contact measurement, and has low requirements on the thickness, diameter and other dimensions of the substrate sample; the temperature test response is fast, is different from the traditional test method, and the application does not need to weld a thermocouple, does not need to punch a sample and the like, and eliminates the influence of pores and the like in a matrix on the heat insulation temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal barrier performance test for a thermal protective ceramic coating used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the results of two sample insulation temperature profile tests.
In the figure: 1-a first online infrared thermometer; the device comprises a 2-second online infrared thermometer, a 3-sample with a thermal protection ceramic coating, a 4-oxygen-propane flame gun, a 5-compressed air nozzle and a 6-sample with an alloy bonding coating.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, comprising the following steps:
as shown in FIG. 1, the method for testing the heat insulation performance of the thermal protection ceramic coating comprises the following steps: (1) An oxygen-propane flame gun 4 is adopted to rapidly heat the sample 3 with the thermal protection ceramic coating to a target temperature, the temperature is kept for a certain time, and compressed air sprayed by a compressed air nozzle 5 with a certain flow rate is used for cooling the back of the metal matrix in the heating process; simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the ceramic coating with heat protection is respectively recorded in real time by using the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
(2) The oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the alloy bonding coating sample 6 to the target temperature and preserve heat, and the back of the metal matrix is compressed by a certain flow rate while preheatingThe compressed air sprayed from the air nozzle 5 is cooled; simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the alloy bonding coating is respectively recorded in real time by using the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to lead the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the alloy bonding coating to be 4 And the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the thermal protection ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
(3) Finally, the temperature curve data is called, and T is under steady state condition 1 And T 3 The difference is the actual heat insulation temperature of the heat protection ceramic coating.
Further, the metal matrix may be nickel-based superalloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, or the like.
Further, the target temperature in the step (1) is 700-1500 ℃, the heat preservation time is 150-300S, the preheating target temperature in the step (2) is 500-1300 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 150-300S.
Further, the temperature measurement range of the first online infrared thermometer is 250-1650 ℃, and the temperature measurement range of the second online infrared thermometer is 250-1400 ℃.
Further, the compressed air flow rate for cooling the back surface of the metal matrix in the steps (1) and (2) is 20-60L min -1 And the compressed air flow is ensured to be constant during single measurement.
Further, the steady state condition of the step (3) refers to a state that the surface temperature change is less than 20 ℃ and the holding time is more than or equal to 150s in the holding process of the step (1) and the step (2).
Example 1
Firstly, an oxygen-propane flame gun is adopted to rapidly heat a heat protection ceramic coating sample with the thickness of 2.5-mm and the diameter of 25.4-mm, wherein the metal matrix is magnesium alloy, to 700 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 240S, and the flow rate used for the back surface of the metal matrix in the heating process is 40L min -1 Is cooled by the compressed air of the device and simultaneously uses the non-contact first on-line infrared thermometer 1 andthe second online infrared thermometer 2 respectively records the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
Then the oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the magnesium alloy sample with the alloy bonding coating to about 500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 250S, and the flow rate of the back of the metal matrix is 40L min in the preheating process -1 Is cooled by compressed air; simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the alloy bonding coating is respectively recorded in real time by using the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the alloy bonding coating 4 And the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the thermal protection ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding layer is obtained;
finally, the temperature curve data is called, and T is under steady state condition 1 (707.+ -. 8 ℃ C.) and T 3 The difference (399+ -10deg.C) is the actual heat-insulating temperature of the thermal protective ceramic coating, which is 308+ -9deg.C.
Example 2
Firstly, an oxygen-propane flame gun is adopted to rapidly heat a thermal protection ceramic coating sample with the thickness of 3mm and the diameter of 50 mm, wherein the substrate is aluminum alloy, to 900 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 150 seconds, and the back of the metal substrate is heated by 60L min -1 The compressed air of the ceramic coating is used for cooling, and simultaneously, the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
Then the oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the aluminum alloy sample with the alloy bonding coating to 700 ℃, and the temperature is kept at 150S, and the back of the metal matrix is utilized to 60L min in the preheating process -1 Is cooled by compressed air; simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the alloy bonding coating is respectively recorded in real time by using the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the alloy bonding coating 4 And the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the protective ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
t under steady state conditions by retrieving a test sample adiabatic temperature profile 1 (903.+ -. 12 ℃ C.) and T 3 The difference between (583.+ -. 8 ℃) and the actual heat-insulating temperature of the thermal protection ceramic coating is 320.+ -. 10 ℃.
Example 3
Firstly, an oxygen-propane flame gun is adopted to rapidly heat a heat protection ceramic coating sample with the thickness of 1.1-mm and the diameter of 30mm, which is made of stainless steel, to 1000 ℃, and the temperature is kept at 300-s, and the flow rate is 20L-min for the back of the metal matrix in the heating process -1 The compressed air of the ceramic coating is used for cooling, and simultaneously, the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
Then the oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the stainless steel sample with the alloy bonding coating to 700 ℃, the temperature is kept at 250S, and the flow rate utilized by the back surface of the metal matrix in the preheating process is 20L min -1 Is cooled by compressed air; simultaneously, the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the coating in real time 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the alloy bonding coating 4 And the back surface temperature T of the matrix with the protective ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface with the alloy bonding coating is the actual temperature;
finally, the temperature curve data is called, and T is under steady state condition 1 (1011.+ -. 9 ℃ C.) and T 3 The difference (775+ -7deg.C) is the actual heat-insulating temperature of the thermal protection ceramic coating, which is 236+ -8deg.C.
Example 4
Firstly, an oxygen-propane flame gun is adopted to rapidly heat a thermal protection ceramic coating sample with the thickness of 0.5-mm and the diameter of 45mm, the substrate of which is nickel-based superalloy, to 1500 ℃, the temperature is kept at 280-s, and the flow rate of 30L min is utilized to the back of the metal substrate in the heating process -1 The compressed air of the ceramic coating is used for cooling, and simultaneously, the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
Then the surface of the nickel-based superalloy sample with the alloy bonding coating is quickly preheated to 1300 ℃ by an oxygen-propane flame gun, and is insulated for 300S, and the flow rate of the back surface of the metal matrix is 30L min -1 Is cooled by compressed air; simultaneously, the first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are utilized to respectively record the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the matrix of the alloy bonding coating 4 And the back surface temperature T of the matrix with the protective ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
finally, the temperature curve data is called, and T is under steady state condition 1 (1512.+ -. 11 ℃ C.) and T 3 The difference (1290+ -13 ℃) is the actual heat insulation temperature of the thermal protection ceramic coating, which is 222+ -12 ℃.
Example 5
Firstly, an oxygen-propane flame gun is adopted to rapidly heat a thermal protection ceramic coating sample with the thickness of 0.4mm and the diameter of 60mm, the substrate of which is nickel-based superalloy, to 1350 ℃, and the temperature is kept at 230 and s, and the flow rate of 45L min is utilized to the back of the metal substrate in the heating process -1 The compressed air of the ceramic coating is used for cooling, and simultaneously, the non-contact first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
Then using oxygen-propane flame gun to bond and coat only alloyThe surface of the nickel-based superalloy sample of the layer is quickly preheated to 1150 ℃, and is kept warm for 240S, and the flow rate of the back side of the metal matrix is 45L min in the preheating process -1 Is cooled by compressed air; simultaneously, the first online infrared thermometer 1 and the second online infrared thermometer 2 are utilized to respectively record the surface temperature T of the thermal protection ceramic coating in real time 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the matrix of the alloy bonding coating 4 And the back surface temperature T of the matrix with the protective ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
finally, the temperature curve data is called, and T is under steady state condition 1 (1362.+ -. 11 ℃ C.) and T 3 The difference (1140+ -13 ℃) is the actual heat insulation temperature of the heat protection ceramic coating, which is 222+ -12 ℃.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing the heat insulation performance of a thermal protection ceramic coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
the surface of the thermal protection ceramic coating is rapidly heated and insulated, then cooled, and the temperature of the surface of the ceramic coating and the temperature of the back surface of the metal matrix are recorded in real time; the method comprises the following steps of rapidly heating and preserving the coating surface of an alloy bonding layer, then cooling the back surface of a metal matrix, recording the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer and the back surface temperature of the metal matrix in real time, enabling the back surface temperatures of the two metal matrixes to be consistent by adjusting the oxygen flow, wherein the actual temperature of the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer is the recorded temperature, and the difference between the ceramic coating surface temperature and the coating surface temperature of the alloy bonding layer under the steady-state condition is the actual heat insulation temperature of a thermal protection ceramic coating, wherein the specific test steps comprise:
(1) Coating ceramic with thermal protection using oxygen-propane flame gunThe surface of the layer is rapidly heated to the target temperature of 700-1500 ℃, the temperature is kept for 150-300S, the back surface of the metal matrix is cooled by compressed air with a certain flow, and simultaneously, the surface temperature T of the ceramic coating is respectively recorded in real time by a non-contact first on-line infrared thermometer and a non-contact second on-line infrared thermometer 1 And metal matrix backside temperature T 2 ；
(2) An oxygen-propane flame gun is utilized to rapidly preheat the surface of the alloy bonding coating to the target temperature of 500-1300 ℃, the temperature is kept for 150-300S, and the back surface of the metal matrix is cooled by compressed air with a certain flow rate while preheating; simultaneously, the non-contact first on-line infrared thermometer and the non-contact second on-line infrared thermometer are used for respectively recording the surface temperature T of the coating in real time 3 And metal matrix backside temperature T 4 The oxygen flow is regulated by an oxygen pressure reducing valve to ensure that only the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix of the alloy bonding layer 4 And the back surface temperature T of the metal matrix with the thermal protection ceramic coating 2 T at the same time 3 The actual temperature of the surface of the alloy bonding coating is obtained;
(3) The temperature data are called, and the surface temperature T of the ceramic coating under the steady-state condition 1 And the actual temperature T of the surface of the alloy bonding coating 3 The difference is the actual heat insulation temperature of the ceramic layer of the thermal protection coating.
2. The method for testing the heat insulation performance of the thermal protection ceramic coating according to claim 1, wherein the metal substrate is nickel-based superalloy, stainless steel, aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy, and is suitable for various metal substrates.
3. The method for testing the heat insulation performance of a thermal protection ceramic coating according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measurement range of the non-contact first online infrared thermometer is 250-1650 ℃, and the temperature measurement range of the non-contact second online infrared thermometer is 250-1400 ℃.
4. The test thermal protective ceramic coating insulation of claim 1The performance method is characterized in that the compressed air flow for cooling the back surface of the metal matrix is 20-60L min -1 And the compressed air flow in the steps (1) and (2) is ensured to be unchanged in single measurement.
5. The method for testing the thermal insulation performance of the thermal protection ceramic coating according to claim 1, wherein the steady-state condition of the step (3) is a state that the surface temperature change is less than 20 ℃ and the insulation time is more than or equal to 150s in the insulation process of the step (1) and the step (2).
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