CN113802045A - Refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel - Google Patents
Refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and relates to a refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel, which comprises the following steps: blast furnace KR desulfurization → converter smelting → CAS refining → RH refining → LF refining → slab continuous casting → billet hot feeding; the invention provides the RH → LF refining process of the ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel aiming at the problem of the actual production process of the ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel, the obtained ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel has stable control of chemical components and high molten steel cleanliness, can effectively reduce the converter condition load, is suitable for full-furnace-service smelting, and has safe and reliable production and higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and relates to a refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel.
Background
The conventional ultra-low carbon steel is mostly produced by a KR → BOF → RH → CC process. However, the production process has higher requirements on the sulfur content of molten iron and scrap steel for the converter, the tapping temperature, the oxygen content of the molten steel and the like. For the converter in the later period of the campaign, due to poor furnace conditions, the corrosion of the refractory material of the converter is aggravated by high tapping temperature and serious end-point molten steel peroxidation, and a large safety risk exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to reduce converter load, realize stable control of steel quality, and provide a refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel comprises the following steps:
(1) blast furnace KR desulfurization: controlling the weight percentage of S element in molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and adding low-sulfur steel scrap with the weight percentage of S element being less than or equal to 0.010 percent in the refining process;
(2) smelting in a converter: controlling the end point temperature of the converter to be 1635-1650 ℃, the content of the end point C element to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and the content of the end point oxygen to be 500-850 ppm;
(3) CAS refining: molten steel enters a station for temperature measurement and sampling, and when the molten steel is taken out of a CAS steel ladle, aluminum particles are added to the slag surface, and 0.3-0.6 kg of aluminum particles is added per ton of steel;
(4) RH refining: circulating the molten steel in an RH refining furnace for 3min at the temperature of more than 1580 ℃, and controlling the incoming oxygen content to be 300-700 ppm; the ultimate vacuum degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 273Pa in the refining process, the net circulation time of the molten steel is controlled to be 6-10 min, the total RH refining time is controlled according to 40-50 min/furnace, and after refining and repressing, argon blowing and stirring are not carried out on a steel ladle, and calcium treatment is not carried out;
(5) LF refining: heating molten steel when the molten steel enters a station, adding lime into the molten steel, adding 1.35-2.3 kg of lime into the lime per ton of steel, and adding bauxite as required; adding refined lime into the steel in small batches, wherein the refined lime is added into the steel according to 0.9-1.35 kg per ton;
(6) slab continuous casting: the molten steel enters a continuous casting machine to carry out slab continuous casting and hot delivery of steel billets.
Further, the chemical components of the ultra-low carbon and low aluminum steel are as follows by weight percent: c: less than or equal to 0.005%, Si: 0.45-0.6%, Mn: 0.15-0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als: less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the balance of Fe.
Furthermore, in the step (1), slag steel, iron particles and pig iron blocks cannot be used when adding the scrap steel.
Further, in the step (2), the converter is smelted in the first 2 furnaces without adopting pig iron for fettling; before smelting in a converter, smelting low-carbon steel with the C content less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
Further, in the step (2), only low-carbon ferromanganese is added in the converter tapping process, and other alloys are not added; and adding a slag thickening agent and refined lime into the steel, wherein 1.8kg of the slag thickening agent is added per ton of steel, and 2.7-3.6 kg of the refined lime is added per ton of steel.
Further, in the step (3), large-flow argon blowing stirring cannot be adopted, and the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 10-15 Nm 3/h.
Further, in the step (4), when the content of C in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, aluminum is added for deoxidation, the content of Als in the molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, the content of oxygen is controlled to be less than or equal to 200ppm, then the micro-carbon ferrosilicon is added for deoxidation alloying, and the cycle time is not less than 3min after the aluminum or silicon is added.
Further, in the step (5), aluminum particles are manually added into the steel ladle in the temperature rising process; controlling the flow rate of ladle argon blowing in the whole LF refining process to be 10-15 Nm 3/h; before the molten steel is discharged from LF refining, calcium treatment is not carried out, the soft argon blowing time is more than or equal to 8min, and the molten steel of the continuous casting platform is calmed for more than or equal to 5 min.
Further, in the step (6), the continuous casting period is controlled according to 35-45 min, a tundish sample is taken after casting for 10min, and simultaneously a sample is taken and the oxygen content in the molten steel is monitored; controlling the temperature of the tundish molten steel at 1545-1565 ℃; and argon is blown by a stopper rod, and the flow of the argon is controlled to be less than or equal to 3L/min.
Furthermore, all the steel ladles adopt steel ladles made of low-carbon steel, and the steel ladles are provided with steel ladle covers to operate in the whole process of filling molten steel and emptying the ladles.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel produced by the process method has stable control of chemical components, high molten steel cleanliness, capability of effectively reducing the converter load, suitability for full-service smelting, safe and reliable production and higher efficiency.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The refining process of the ultra-low carbon and low aluminum steel provided by the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.005%, Si: 0.45%, Mn: 0.15%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als: less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the balance of Fe; the method comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) blast furnace KR desulfurization: the weight percentage of S element in molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, low-sulfur steel scrap with the weight percentage of S element being less than or equal to 0.010 percent is added in the refining process, and the steel scrap, iron particles and pig iron blocks can not be used.
(2) Smelting in a converter: controlling the end point temperature of the converter to be 1635 ℃, the content of the end point C element to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and the end point oxygen content to be 500 ppm; only adding low-carbon ferromanganese and not adding other alloys in the converter tapping process; adding a slag thickening agent and refined lime into the steel, wherein the slag thickening agent is added by 1.8kg per ton of steel, and the refined lime is added by 2.7kg per ton of steel; wherein, the furnace 2 before the converter smelting is not supplemented with pig iron, and low carbon steel with the C content less than or equal to 0.10 percent is smelted before the converter smelting.
(3) CAS refining: molten steel enters a station for temperature measurement and sampling, and when the molten steel is taken out of a CAS ladle, aluminum particles are added to the slag surface, and 0.3kg of aluminum particles is added per ton of steel; the large-flow argon blowing stirring cannot be adopted, and the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 10Nm3/h。
(4) RH refining: circulating the molten steel in an RH refining furnace for 3min at the temperature of more than 1580 ℃, and controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel entering the refining furnace to be 300 ppm; the ultimate vacuum degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 273Pa in the refining process, the net circulation time of the molten steel is controlled to be 6-10 min, the total time of RH refining is controlled according to 40 min/furnace, and after refining and repressing, the ladle is not subjected to argon blowing stirring and calcium treatment; when the C content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, aluminum is added for deoxidation, the Als content in the molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, the oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 200ppm, then the micro-carbon ferrosilicon is added for deoxidation alloying, and the cycle time is not less than 3min after the aluminum or silicon is added.
(5) LF refining: molten steel enters the station firstHeating, adding lime, adding 1.35kg of lime per ton of steel, and adding bauxite as required; adding refined lime into the steel in small batches, wherein the refined lime is added into the steel according to 0.9kg per ton; manually adding aluminum particles into the steel ladle in the temperature rising process; the flow rate of ladle argon blowing flow in the whole LF refining process is controlled to be 10Nm3H; before the molten steel is discharged from LF refining, calcium treatment is not carried out, the soft argon blowing time is more than or equal to 8min, and the molten steel of the continuous casting platform is calmed for more than or equal to 5 min.
(6) Slab continuous casting: the method comprises the following steps that molten steel enters a continuous casting machine to carry out slab continuous casting and billet hot delivery, wherein the continuous casting period is controlled according to 35-45 min, a tundish sample is taken after casting is started for 10min, and simultaneously, the sample is taken and the oxygen content in the molten steel is monitored; controlling the temperature of the tundish molten steel at 1545 ℃; and argon is blown by a stopper rod, and the flow of the argon is controlled to be less than or equal to 3L/min.
In the whole process, the steel ladle adopts the steel ladle after the low-carbon steel is used, and the steel ladle is provided with a steel ladle cover to operate in the whole process of containing the molten steel and an empty ladle.
Example 2
The refining process of the ultra-low carbon and low aluminum steel provided by the embodiment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: less than or equal to 0.005%, Si: 0.6%, Mn: 0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als: less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the balance of Fe; the method comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) blast furnace KR desulfurization: the weight percentage of S element in molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, low-sulfur steel scrap with the weight percentage of S element being less than or equal to 0.010 percent is added in the refining process, and the steel scrap, iron particles and pig iron blocks can not be used.
(2) Smelting in a converter: controlling the end point temperature of the converter to 1650 ℃, the content of the end point C element to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and the end point oxygen content to be 850 ppm; only adding low-carbon ferromanganese and not adding other alloys in the converter tapping process; adding a slag thickening agent and refined lime into the steel, wherein the slag thickening agent is added by 1.8kg per ton of steel, and the refined lime is added by 3.6kg per ton of steel; wherein, the furnace 2 before the converter smelting is not supplemented with pig iron, and low carbon steel with the C content less than or equal to 0.10 percent is smelted before the converter smelting.
(3) CAS refining: molten steel enters a station for temperature measurement and sampling, and when the molten steel is taken out of a CAS steel ladle, aluminum particles are added to the slag surface, and 0.3-0.6 kg of aluminum particles is added per ton of steel; must not adopt large flowBlowing argon for stirring, controlling the flow of blowing argon to be 15Nm3/h。
(4) RH refining: circulating the molten steel in an RH refining furnace for 3min at the temperature of more than 1580 ℃, and controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel entering the refining furnace to be 700 ppm; the ultimate vacuum degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 273Pa in the refining process, the net circulation time of the molten steel is controlled to be 10min, the total time of RH refining is controlled according to 50 min/furnace, and after refining and repressing, the ladle is not subjected to argon blowing stirring and calcium treatment; when the C content of the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, aluminum is added for deoxidation, the Als content in the molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, the oxygen content is controlled to be less than or equal to 200ppm, then the micro-carbon ferrosilicon is added for deoxidation alloying, and the cycle time is not less than 3min after the aluminum or silicon is added.
(5) LF refining: heating molten steel when the molten steel enters a station, adding lime into the molten steel, adding 2.3kg of lime into the molten steel according to ton of steel, and adding bauxite according to the requirement; adding refined lime into the steel in small batches, wherein the refined lime is added into the steel according to 1.35kg per ton; manually adding aluminum particles into the steel ladle in the temperature rising process; the flow rate of the ladle argon blowing flow in the whole LF refining process is controlled to be 15Nm3H; before the molten steel is discharged from LF refining, calcium treatment is not carried out, the soft argon blowing time is more than or equal to 8min, and the molten steel of the continuous casting platform is calmed for more than or equal to 5 min.
(6) Slab continuous casting: the method comprises the following steps that molten steel enters a continuous casting machine to carry out slab continuous casting and billet hot delivery, wherein the continuous casting period is controlled according to 35-45 min, a tundish sample is taken after casting is started for 10min, and simultaneously, the sample is taken and the oxygen content in the molten steel is monitored; the temperature of the tundish molten steel is controlled at 1565 ℃; and argon is blown by a stopper rod, and the flow of the argon is controlled to be less than or equal to 3L/min.
In the whole process, the steel ladle adopts the steel ladle after the low-carbon steel is used, and the steel ladle is provided with a steel ladle cover to operate in the whole process of containing the molten steel and an empty ladle.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blast furnace KR desulfurization: controlling the weight percentage of S element in molten steel to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and adding low-sulfur steel scrap with the weight percentage of S element being less than or equal to 0.010 percent in the refining process;
(2) smelting in a converter: controlling the end point temperature of the converter to be 1635-1650 ℃, the content of the end point C element to be less than or equal to 0.05 percent and the content of the end point oxygen to be 500-850 ppm;
(3) CAS refining: molten steel enters a station for temperature measurement and sampling, and when the molten steel is taken out of a CAS steel ladle, aluminum particles are added to the slag surface, and 0.3-0.6 kg of aluminum particles is added per ton of steel;
(4) RH refining: circulating the molten steel in an RH refining furnace for 3min at the temperature of more than 1580 ℃, and controlling the incoming oxygen content to be 300-700 ppm; the ultimate vacuum degree is controlled to be less than or equal to 273Pa in the refining process, the net circulation time of the molten steel is controlled to be 6-10 min, the total RH refining time is controlled according to 40-50 min/furnace, and after refining and repressing, argon blowing and stirring are not carried out on a steel ladle, and calcium treatment is not carried out;
(5) LF refining: heating molten steel when the molten steel enters a station, adding lime into the molten steel, adding 1.35-2.3 kg of lime into the lime per ton of steel, and adding bauxite as required; adding refined lime into the steel in small batches, wherein the refined lime is added into the steel according to 0.9-1.35 kg per ton;
(6) slab continuous casting: the molten steel enters a continuous casting machine to carry out slab continuous casting and hot delivery of steel billets.
2. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the chemical components of the ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel are as follows by weight percent: c: less than or equal to 0.005%, Si: 0.45-0.6%, Mn: 0.15-0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als: less than or equal to 0.005 percent and the balance of Fe.
3. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), slag steel, iron particles and pig iron blocks cannot be used when the scrap steel is added.
4. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the converter is smelted in the first 2 furnaces, and pig iron supplement is not adopted; before smelting in a converter, smelting low-carbon steel with the C content less than or equal to 0.10 percent.
5. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), only low-carbon ferromanganese is added in the converter tapping process, and other alloys are not added; and adding a slag thickening agent and refined lime into the steel, wherein 1.8kg of the slag thickening agent is added per ton of steel, and 2.7-3.6 kg of the refined lime is added per ton of steel.
6. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), large-flow argon blowing stirring is not adopted, and the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 10-15 Nm3/h。
7. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), when the content of C in the molten steel is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, aluminum is added for deoxidation, the content of Als in the molten steel is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.005 percent, the content of oxygen is controlled to be less than or equal to 200ppm, then the micro-carbon silicon iron is added for deoxidation alloying, and the cycle time is not less than 3min after the aluminum or silicon is added.
8. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), aluminum particles are manually added into the steel ladle in the temperature rising process; the flow of the argon blowing flow of the ladle in the whole LF refining process is controlled to be 10-15 Nm3H; before the molten steel is discharged from LF refining, calcium treatment is not carried out, the soft argon blowing time is more than or equal to 8min, and the molten steel of the continuous casting platform is calmed for more than or equal to 5 min.
9. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), the continuous casting period is controlled according to 35-45 min, a tundish sample is taken after casting for 10min, and simultaneously a sample is taken and the oxygen content in the molten steel is monitored; controlling the temperature of the tundish molten steel at 1545-1565 ℃; and argon is blown by a stopper rod, and the flow of the argon is controlled to be less than or equal to 3L/min.
10. The refining process of ultra-low carbon low aluminum steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the steel ladles are all made of low-carbon steel and are provided with steel ladle covers to operate in the whole process of filling molten steel and emptying the ladles.
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| CN114807731A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Smelting method of steel grade with ultra-low carbon and large silicon-manganese alloy amount |
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