CN113802029A - NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001515 alkali metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Sr+2] FVRNDBHWWSPNOM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001637 strontium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTCWXISSLCZBQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tribol Natural products CC(CO)CCC1OC2(O)CC3C4CC=C5CC(CCC5(C)C4CCC3(C)C2C1C)OC6OC(CO)C(OC7OC(C)C(O)C(O)C7O)C(O)C6OC8OC(C)C(O)C(O)C8O JTCWXISSLCZBQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
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- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
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- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- C22C32/0089—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
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- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises the following components: 50-85% of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, 5-25% of alkali metal fluoride, 5-20% of soft metal and 5-30% of hard phase. The materials are uniformly mixed in proportion in the preparation process, and the mixture is prepared into the self-lubricating composite material in a powder metallurgy mode. The material is processed by a machine to obtain the bearing component with excellent wear resistance. The nickel titanium-based high-temperature self-lubricating material has the advantages of high mechanical strength, low friction coefficient, good wear resistance, low density, stable performance, good reproducibility, low specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good creep resistance and the like. The material has good corrosion resistance in fluoride gas medium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and relates to a NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and a preparation method thereof
Background
The intermetallic compound-based self-lubricating composite material is a composite material which is formed by adding a solid lubricant into an intermetallic compound matrix and has both intermetallic compound characteristics and solid lubricating performance; wherein, the properties of the matrix compound endow the material with the performances of strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and the like to a certain degree. Nickel-rich nickel titanium intermetallic compound (Ni)60Ti40) Has the excellent properties of low density, low modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and the density is only 6.7g/cm3The elastic modulus is only 95GPa, and the corrosion resistance is equivalent to that of ceramics. The alloy is considered as the next epoch-making bearing alloy material, and the bearing alloy is expected to be popularized and applied in the military fields of aerospace and the like. As a bearing material, the frictional wear performance severely affects the life of nitinol bearings. While under dry sliding, Ni60Ti40Has poor tribological properties, such as Li [ X.Li, X.Chen, C.Zhang, J.Luo, Preparation of self-lubricating NiTi alloy and its self-adaptive friction modifier, Tribol.int.,130(2019)43-51.]The porous NiTi material is prepared by plasma sintering, and the lubricating oil is stored in NiTi pores, so that the obtained material has good room-temperature self-lubricating property, but the NiTi self-lubricating material can only be used at the temperature below 300 ℃ when the oil is combusted and decomposed at high temperature. In some casesHigh temperature bearing components (greater than 300 ℃), such self-lubricating materials will fail to lubricate. This greatly limits Ni60Ti40The service range and service life of the bearing. There is therefore still a need to develop new solid lubricating materials that provide effective lubrication at 300 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and a preparation method thereof, which overcome the defects of the prior nickel titanium-based high-temperature tribology performance. The invention provides a high-temperature self-lubricating bearing material with good tribological characteristics and mechanical properties under the conditions of high temperature, high vacuum and strong corrosivity.
Technical scheme
A NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 50-90% of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, 5-25% of alkali metal fluoride, 5-20% of soft metal and 5-30% of hard phase;
the mass ratio of the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound Ni: Ti is 60: 40; 100-500 mesh powder.
The alkali metal fluoride is one or more of calcium fluoride, barium fluoride and strontium fluoride; powders with particle size 300 and 500 mesh were used.
The alkali metal fluoride is preferably eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride, and the eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride is 300 meshes.
The soft metal is one or more of silver, copper, gold, lead, indium and the like; powders with particle size 100 and 500 mesh were used.
The hard phase is one or more of chromium carbide, chromium oxide, titanium carbide, aluminum oxide and the like; powder with the particle size of 200-60 meshes is adopted.
A method for preparing the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out dry mixing or wet mixing on a nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, alkali metal fluoride, soft metal and a hard phase to obtain a mixture;
step 2: mixing the mixture with powderSintering by a metallurgical method, and naturally cooling to room temperature after sintering to obtain the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound based self-lubricating composite material; the treatment parameters obtained by adopting spark plasma sintering are as follows: vacuum degree of 10-3-10-1Pa; the heating rate is 50-150 ℃/min, preferably 90-100 ℃/min; the sintering temperature is 900-1250 ℃, and 1050-1150 ℃ is preferred; the applied pressure is 30-40 MPa; the heat preservation time is 5-15 min.
The dry mixing adopts mechanical ball milling, the used pot and ball are all hard WC, the mass ratio of the ball material is 3:1-10:1, the rotating speed is 100-.
The powder metallurgy method includes but is not limited to high temperature hot pressing sintering, isostatic pressing sintering or spark plasma sintering; the parameters are set according to the requirements of the method used.
The application of the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material is characterized in that: the composite material is machined to obtain wear resistant parts of a target size, particularly bearing parts.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises the following components: 50-85% of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, 5-25% of alkali metal fluoride, 5-20% of soft metal and 5-30% of hard phase. The materials are uniformly mixed in proportion in the preparation process, and the mixture is prepared into the self-lubricating composite material in a powder metallurgy mode. The material is processed by a machine to obtain the bearing component with excellent wear resistance. The nickel titanium-based high-temperature self-lubricating material has the advantages of high mechanical strength, low friction coefficient, good wear resistance, low density, stable performance, good reproducibility, low specific strength, good corrosion resistance, good creep resistance and the like. The material has good corrosion resistance in fluoride gas medium.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) the invention provides a nickel titanium base self-lubricating composite material with excellent performance and wide application prospect.
(2) The nickel titanium-based bearing material has excellent high-temperature self-lubricating performance, and can obtain lower friction coefficient and wear rate between the opposite grinding pairs without adding additional lubricant in use. The design of the lubricant supply device can be omitted, thereby reducing the weight. Maintenance is simple, which is particularly beneficial for aerospace devices.
(3) The friction coefficient of the material is low and stable, the wear rate is low, the preparation process is simple, and the comprehensive performance of the material can be controlled by adjusting the formula and the process.
(4) The nickel-titanium matrix in the invention has low density and low modulus. The addition of the soft metal phase mainly provides lubrication at a medium temperature, mainly because the soft metal has lower shearing strength and forms a coated lubricating layer at a friction interface so as to reduce the friction coefficient and wear, and the addition of the fluoride mainly provides lubrication of the material at a higher temperature, mainly because the fluoride is softened at a higher temperature and is easy to shear so as to reduce the friction coefficient and wear; the addition of the hard phase can improve the hardness of the material and the abrasion resistance of the material.
(5) The self-lubricating material prepared by the method can prolong the service life of bearing parts, improve the operation efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.
(6) The preparation process of the material is simple, and the material performance can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the formula and the process.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the coefficient of friction of the nitinol in example 1 at 400 ℃;
example 1 composition of 70% Ni60Ti40-8％Ag-8％BaF2/CaF2-14％Cr3C2According to the curve of the friction coefficient of the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material, the friction coefficient changes along with time at 400 ℃, the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.21 to about 0.15 in the first 50 seconds and then is kept stable overall, and the friction coefficient is temporarily increased in about 300 seconds, but the whole friction coefficient is stabilized at a lower level. Compared with the friction coefficient of the metal material under non-lubrication in the range of 0.5-1 under the same friction condition, the obtained friction coefficient is reduced by at least 50%, so that the energy consumption can be obviously reduced.
FIG. 2: the friction coefficient of the intermetallic nickel-titanium compound in example 2 at 600 deg.C
Example 2 composition of 70% Ni60Ti40-8％Ag-8％BaF2/CaF2-14％Cr3C2The curve of the friction coefficient of the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material, which changes along with time, at the temperature of 600 ℃ is that the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.17 to about 0.13 in the first 60 seconds, and the whole friction coefficient is stable although the friction coefficient fluctuates. Compared with the friction coefficient of the metal material under non-lubrication in the range of 0.5-1 under the same friction condition, the obtained friction coefficient is reduced by at least 50%, so that the energy consumption can be obviously reduced.
FIG. 3: the friction coefficient of the intermetallic nickel-titanium compound in example 3 at 800 deg.C
Example 3 composition of 70% Ni60Ti40-8％Ag-8％BaF2/CaF2-14％Cr3C2According to the curve of the friction coefficient of the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material, the friction coefficient changes along with time at 800 ℃, the friction coefficient is reduced from 0.18 to about 0.13 in the first 50 seconds, and then the friction coefficient slowly increases and stabilizes at about 0.16. Compared with the friction coefficient of the metal material under non-lubrication in the range of 0.5-1 under the same friction condition, the obtained friction coefficient is reduced by at least 50%, so that the energy consumption can be obviously reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
the embodiment of the invention provides a nickel-titanium intermetallic compound-based self-lubricating composite material prepared by a powder metallurgy method, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
50-85% of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, powder with the particle size of 100-
5-25% of alkali metal fluoride, powder with the particle size of 300-
5-20% of soft metal, powder with the granularity of 100-
5-30% of hard phase, powder with the granularity of 200-
The nitinol can be prepared according to methods known in the art or commercially available.
The alkali metal fluoride is one or more of calcium fluoride, barium fluoride and strontium fluoride, and eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride is preferred. The co-crystals of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride may be prepared according to methods known in the art or may be purchased from commercially available products. For example, using a commercially available product, the eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride is 300 mesh.
The soft metal is one or more of silver, copper, gold, lead, indium and the like, and is purchased from commercial products.
The hard phase is one or more of chromium carbide, chromium oxide, titanium carbide, aluminum oxide and the like, and the chromium carbide is purchased from a commercial product.
The above substances are uniformly mixed according to a proportion, and the mixing mode can be dry mixing and wet mixing. For example dry-blended, by means of mechanical ball milling. The pot and the ball used in the mechanical ball milling are all hard WC, the mass ratio of the ball material is 3:1-10:1, the rotating speed is 100-.
And preparing the self-lubricating composite material from the uniformly mixed materials in a powder metallurgy mode. The powder metallurgy method comprises high-temperature hot-pressing sintering, isostatic pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering and the like. For example, spark plasma sintering, and the sintering treatment parameters are as follows: vacuum degree of 10-3-10-1Pa; the heating rate is 50-150 ℃/min, preferably 90-100 ℃/min; the sintering temperature is 900-1250 ℃, and 1050-1150 ℃ is preferred; the applied pressure is 30-40 MPa; the heat preservation time is 5-15 min.
The materials of the present invention are described in detail using specific examples:
the detection method of the material of the invention comprises the following steps:
the frictional wear performance was evaluated by a UMT-Tribolab (Bruker, Germany) high-temperature frictional wear tester, the mating ball was Si3N4 ceramic, the load was 3-15N, the temperature was RT-800 ℃, the sliding linear velocity was 0.1-0.4m/s, the friction radius was 5mm, and the running time was 10 min.
Example 1
According to the mass percentage, 70 percent of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound powder (the particle diameter is 100 mu m; the mass percentage is 60 percent of Ni and 40 percent of Ti) and 8 percent of silver (the particle size is80 μm), 8% of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride eutectic (particle size of 100 μm), and 14% of chromium carbide (particle size of 20 μm) are subjected to mechanical ball milling to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder is placed in a spark plasma sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the adopted sintering parameters are as follows: vacuum degree of 5X 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 100 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 1150 ℃, the applied pressure is 35MPa, and the heat preservation time is 5 min. And cooling the sintered product to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound based self-lubricating composite material.
In the friction experiment, the dual ball is Si3N4Ceramic, load is 10N, temperature is 400 ℃, sliding linear velocity is 0.1m/s, friction radius is 5mm, and running time is 10min
The self-lubricating composite material has a small friction coefficient of 0.15, stable data and a wear rate of 3.75 multiplied by 10-6mm3N-1m-1The measurement was carried out under a load of 10N and a sliding linear velocity of 0.1 m/s.
Panel 1 coefficient of friction of nitinol intermetallic compound in example 1 at 400 ℃.
Example 2
According to the mass percent, 70 percent of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound powder (the particle size is 100 mu m; the mass percent is 60 percent of Ni and 40 percent of Ti),8 percent of silver (the particle size is 80 mu m), 8 percent of eutectic crystal of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride (the particle size is 100 mu m) and 14 percent of chromium carbide (the particle size is 20 mu m) are respectively weighed and subjected to mechanical ball milling to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder is placed in a discharge plasma sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the adopted sintering parameters are as follows: vacuum degree of 5X 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 100 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 1150 ℃, the applied pressure is 35MPa, and the heat preservation time is 5 min. And cooling the sintered product to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound based self-lubricating composite material.
In the friction experiment, the dual ball is Si3N4Ceramic, load is 10N, temperature is 600 ℃, sliding linear velocity is 0.1m/s, friction radius is 5mm, and running time is 10min
The self-lubricating composite material has a small friction coefficient of 0.17, stable data and a wear rate of 1.12 multiplied by 10-6mm3N-1m-1The measurement was carried out under a load of 10N and a sliding linear velocity of 0.1 m/s.
Panel 2 coefficient of friction of nitinol intermetallic compound in example 2 at 600 ℃.
Example 3
According to the mass percent, 70 percent of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound powder (the particle size is 100 mu m; the mass percent is 60 percent of Ni and 40 percent of Ti),8 percent of silver (the particle size is 80 mu m), 8 percent of eutectic crystal of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride (the particle size is 100 mu m) and 14 percent of chromium carbide (the particle size is 20 mu m) are respectively weighed and subjected to mechanical ball milling to obtain mixed powder, and then the mixed powder is placed in a discharge plasma sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the adopted sintering parameters are as follows: vacuum degree of 5X 10-2Pa, the heating rate is 100 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 1150 ℃, the applied pressure is 35MPa, and the heat preservation time is 5 min. And cooling the sintered product to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound based self-lubricating composite material.
In the friction experiment, the dual ball is Si3N4Ceramic, load is 10N, temperature is 800 ℃, sliding linear velocity is 0.1m/s, friction radius is 5mm, and running time is 10min
The self-lubricating composite material has a small friction coefficient of 0.16, stable data and a wear rate of 2.33 multiplied by 10-6mm3N-1m-1The measurement was carried out under a load of 10N and a sliding linear velocity of 0.1 m/s.
Picture 3 coefficient of friction of nitinol intermetallic compound in example 3 at 800 ℃.
Claims (10)
1. A NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 50-90% of nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, 5-25% of alkali metal fluoride, 5-20% of soft metal and 5-30% of hard phase
2. The NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound Ni: Ti is 60: 40; 100-500 mesh powder.
3. The NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alkali metal fluoride is one or more of calcium fluoride, barium fluoride and strontium fluoride; powders with particle size 300 and 500 mesh were used.
4. The NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the alkali metal fluoride is preferably eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride, and the eutectic of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride is 300 meshes.
5. The NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soft metal is one or more of silver, copper, gold, lead, indium and the like; powders with particle size 100 and 500 mesh were used.
6. The NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hard phase is one or more of chromium carbide, chromium oxide, titanium carbide, aluminum oxide and the like; powder with the particle size of 200-60 meshes is adopted.
7. A method for preparing the NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out dry mixing or wet mixing on a nickel-titanium intermetallic compound, alkali metal fluoride, soft metal and a hard phase to obtain a mixture;
step 2: sintering the mixture by adopting a powder metallurgy method, and naturally cooling to room temperature after sintering to obtain the nickel-titanium intermetallic compound based self-lubricating composite material; the treatment parameters obtained by adopting spark plasma sintering are as follows: vacuum degree of 10-3-10-1Pa; the heating rate is 50-150 ℃/min, preferably 90-100 ℃/min; the sintering temperature is 900-1250 ℃, and 1050-1150 ℃ is preferred; the applied pressure is 30-40 MPa; the heat preservation time is 5-15 min.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the dry mixing adopts mechanical ball milling, the used pot and ball are all hard WC, the mass ratio of the ball material is 3:1-10:1, the rotating speed is 100-.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein: the powder metallurgy method includes but is not limited to high temperature hot pressing sintering, isostatic pressing sintering or spark plasma sintering; the parameters are set according to the requirements of the method used.
10. Use of a NiTi-based self-lubricating composite material according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the composite material is machined to obtain wear resistant parts of a target size, particularly bearing parts.
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| CN103540780A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Preparation method for high-intensity nickel-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite material |
| US20160273584A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-09-22 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Rolling bearing |
| CN107177758A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-09-19 | 东北大学 | A kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite material of fire-resistant oxidation resistant and preparation method thereof |
| CN108504886A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-07 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of preparation method of TiC-C nickel-base alloys self-lubricating composite |
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| CN103540780A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Preparation method for high-intensity nickel-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite material |
| US20160273584A1 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-09-22 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Rolling bearing |
| CN108504886A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-07 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | A kind of preparation method of TiC-C nickel-base alloys self-lubricating composite |
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