CN113799971A - Passive variable pitch propeller and propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Passive variable pitch propeller and propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113799971A CN113799971A CN202111372712.2A CN202111372712A CN113799971A CN 113799971 A CN113799971 A CN 113799971A CN 202111372712 A CN202111372712 A CN 202111372712A CN 113799971 A CN113799971 A CN 113799971A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- propeller
- root
- variable
- pitch propeller
- pitch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
- B64C11/30—Blade pitch-changing mechanisms
- B64C11/32—Blade pitch-changing mechanisms mechanical
- B64C11/34—Blade pitch-changing mechanisms mechanical automatic
- B64C11/343—Blade pitch-changing mechanisms mechanical automatic actuated by the centrifugal force or the aerodynamic drag acting on the blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64U10/00—Type of UAV
- B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
Abstract
The invention discloses a passive variable-pitch propeller and an unmanned aerial vehicle driven by the propeller, wherein the passive variable-pitch propeller comprises a propeller blade and a variable-pitch propeller root connected to the root of the propeller blade, the variable-pitch propeller root is barrel-shaped and is used for being sleeved on the periphery of a hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the hub mandrel is used for being connected with a power source; the variable pitch propeller root is provided with a torsional deformation structure, and the torsional deformation structure is subjected to torsional deformation by the change of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed. According to the invention, through the torsional deformation structure of the variable-pitch propeller root, the torsional deformation structure is subjected to torsional deformation due to the change of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed, the annular adaptability can be improved, and the reliability of the ultra-long endurance is ensured. The passive variable-pitch propeller is simple in structure and low in energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace engineering, and particularly relates to a passive variable-pitch propeller and a propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
The propeller is used as a lift force and a power source, and is widely used in the fields of unmanned aerial vehicles, helicopters and the like. The unmanned aerial vehicle needs different pitch angles on different flight altitudes during high-altitude long-endurance, and if a conventional electric pitch-changing mechanism is adopted, the following problems exist: (1) the environmental adaptability of the active variable pitch equipment is difficult to guarantee.
(2) The reliability of the active variable-pitch equipment during overlong navigation is difficult to guarantee.
(3) Active pitch devices consume a certain amount of energy.
(4) The existing passive pitch-changing mechanism is too complex and has low reliability.
Therefore, a propeller having a simple pitch structure with passive pitch control is desired to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a passive variable-pitch propeller screw and a propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle, which can passively change the pitch angle of the propeller.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a passive variable pitch propeller comprising:
the variable-pitch propeller root is connected to the root of the propeller blade, is barrel-shaped, and is used for being sleeved on the periphery of a hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle and connected with a power source;
the variable pitch propeller root is provided with a torsional deformation structure, and the torsional deformation structure is subjected to torsional deformation by the change of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed.
As an alternative, one end, far away from the propeller blade, of the variable-pitch propeller root is provided with a plurality of parallel strip-shaped hollows, an included angle between each strip-shaped hollow and the axial direction of the hub spindle is greater than or equal to 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and the strip-shaped barrel wall between each strip-shaped hollow and the corresponding strip-shaped hollow forms the torsional deformation structure.
As an alternative, the length of the strip-shaped hollow is 50% -100% of the length of the pitch-variable paddle root.
As an alternative, the hollowing rate of the strip-shaped hollowing is 30% -50%.
Alternatively, the material of the pitch changing blade root is steel, aluminum or metal alloy.
Alternatively, the propeller blade and the pitch changing blade root are of an integral structure.
Alternatively, the diameter of the variable pitch propeller root is 40-80mm, and the length of the variable pitch propeller root is 100-150 mm.
The invention also provides a propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: the passive variable pitch propeller as described above;
the variable-pitch propeller root sleeve of the passive variable-pitch propeller is arranged on the periphery of a propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and one side, far away from the propeller blades, of the variable-pitch propeller root is fixed on the propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Alternatively, the pitch horn is fixed to the hub spindle by a plurality of pin screws.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through the torsional deformation structure of the variable-pitch propeller root, when the propeller blades rotate at a high speed, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller changes to enable the torsional deformation structure to generate tension-torsion coupling deformation, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed, and after the design calculation and the part adjustment and repair are carried out, the torsional angles of two propeller blades at a specific rotating speed can achieve the expected effect, and the same torsional angle is kept. The passive variable pitch propeller can improve the annular adaptability and ensure the reliability of overlong navigation. The passive variable-pitch propeller has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, high reliability and low energy consumption.
The present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a passive variable pitch propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hub spindle of a drone according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic overall structure of a passive variable pitch propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is mounted on a hub spindle of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the pitch-variable root before and after deformation.
Reference numerals
100-pitch-variable blade root; 101-strip-shaped hollowing; 102-strip-shaped barrel wall; 10-torsional deformed configuration; 11-propeller blades.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail below. While the present invention provides preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically coupled, may be directly coupled, or may be indirectly coupled through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a passive variable pitch propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hub spindle of a drone according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 shows a schematic overall structure of a passive variable pitch propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is mounted on a hub spindle of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the pitch-variable root before and after deformation. Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the propeller includes:
the variable-pitch propeller comprises a propeller blade 11 and a variable-pitch propeller root 10 connected to the root of the propeller blade 11, wherein the variable-pitch propeller root 10 is barrel-shaped, the variable-pitch propeller root 10 is used for being sleeved on the periphery of a hub mandrel 20 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the hub mandrel 20 is used for being connected with a power source;
the pitch-variable propeller root 10 has a torsional deformation structure, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller 1 changes the torsional deformation structure, so that the pitch angle of the propeller changes.
In particular, pitch angle refers to the angle of the airfoil chord line of the tip of the propeller blade to the plane of rotation. In this embodiment, the torsional deformation structure is a part of the variable pitch propeller root 10, specifically, one end of the variable pitch propeller root 10, which is far away from the propeller blade 10, is provided with a plurality of parallel strip-shaped hollows 101, an included angle between the strip-shaped hollows 101 and the axial direction of the hub spindle 20 is greater than or equal to 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and the strip-shaped barrel wall 102 between the strip-shaped hollows 101 and the strip-shaped hollows constitutes the torsional deformation structure 100. When the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller changes, the torsional deformation structure 100 is torsionally deformed, and the pitch angle of the propeller is changed.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural diagram of the pitch-variable root 10 before and after deformation in one embodiment is shown. Before the left side graph (a) changes, the strip-shaped hollow parts 101 form a certain included angle relative to the axial direction of the hub mandrel 20, and after the right side graph (b) changes, the included angle becomes smaller and tends to be parallel to the axial direction of the hub mandrel 20. In other embodiments, the included angle of the strip-shaped hollow 101 with respect to the axial direction of the hub core shaft 20 is greater than or equal to 0 degree and less than 90 degrees, and it can be understood that the strip-shaped hollow 101 of the torsional deformation structure 100 needs to have a component in the axial direction of the hub core shaft 20 to enable the torsional deformation structure to generate torsion.
In one embodiment, the length of the strip-shaped hollow 101 is 50% -100% of the length of the pitch-variable paddle root 10. Such as 60%, 80%, etc.
In one embodiment, the hollow rate of the strip-shaped hollow 101 is 30% to 50%, such as 40%, 45%, and the like.
In one embodiment, the material of the pitch horn 10 is steel, aluminum, or a metal alloy. In other embodiments, other metals or non-metals having ductility may be used.
In one embodiment, the propeller blades 11 are of unitary construction with the pitch horn 10. The variable-pitch propeller can be manufactured by adopting an integrated forming process, the variable-pitch propeller root 10 and the propeller hub core shaft 20 are sleeved and assembled by adopting clearance fit, and the variable-pitch propeller root 10 and the propeller hub core shaft 20 are connected by adopting pin screws.
In one embodiment, the pitch-variable paddle root 10 has a diameter of 40-80mm, such as 50mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, etc., and the pitch-variable paddle root 10 has a length of 100 mm and 150mm, such as 110 mm, 120mm, 130mm, etc.
The propeller is installed by adopting the following method:
(1, sleeving a variable pitch propeller root to the periphery of a hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle;
(2, connecting and fixing the variable pitch propeller root and the root of the hub mandrel through a plurality of pin screws;
(3, a motor shaft penetrates into the center of a hub mandrel and is firmly connected through a fixing nut;
(4 the propeller rotation test may be performed thereafter.
According to the invention, through the torsional deformation structure of the variable-pitch propeller root, when the propeller blades rotate at a high speed, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller changes to enable the torsional deformation structure to generate tension-torsion coupling deformation, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed, and after the design calculation and the part adjustment and repair are carried out, the torsional angles of two propeller blades at a specific rotating speed can achieve the expected effect, and the same torsional angle is kept. The passive variable pitch propeller can improve the annular adaptability and ensure the reliability of overlong navigation. The passive variable-pitch propeller is simple in structure and low in energy consumption.
Referring to fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention provides a propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle including the above passive variable pitch propeller. The variable-pitch propeller root sleeve of the passive variable-pitch propeller is arranged on the periphery of a propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and one side, far away from the propeller blades, of the variable-pitch propeller root is fixed on the propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle. In this embodiment, the pitch horn is secured to the hub spindle by a plurality of pin screws.
The unmanned aerial vehicle enables the pitch angle of the propeller to be passively changed, and after design calculation and part adjustment and repair, the torsion angles of the two propeller blades at a specific rotating speed can achieve an expected effect and keep the same torsion angle. The passive variable pitch propeller can improve the annular adaptability and ensure the reliability of overlong navigation. The passive variable-pitch propeller is simple in structure and low in energy consumption.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. A passive variable pitch propeller, comprising:
the variable-pitch propeller root is connected to the root of the propeller blade, is barrel-shaped, and is used for being sleeved on the periphery of a hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle and connected with a power source;
the variable pitch propeller root is provided with a torsional deformation structure, and the torsional deformation structure is subjected to torsional deformation by the change of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the propeller, so that the pitch angle of the propeller is changed.
2. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 1, wherein the end of the variable pitch propeller root away from the propeller blade is provided with a plurality of parallel strip-shaped hollows, the included angle between each strip-shaped hollow and the axial direction of the hub mandrel is greater than or equal to 0 degree and smaller than 90 degrees, and the strip-shaped barrel wall between each strip-shaped hollow and the corresponding strip-shaped hollow forms the torsional deformation structure.
3. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 2 wherein the length of the strip cutouts is 50% -100% of the length of the variable pitch propeller root.
4. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 2, wherein the openness ratio of the strip-shaped openness is 30% -50%.
5. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 1 wherein the material of the pitch propeller root is steel, aluminum or a metal alloy.
6. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 1 wherein the propeller blades are of unitary construction with the variable pitch propeller root.
7. The passive variable pitch propeller of claim 1 wherein the variable pitch propeller shaft has a diameter of 40-80mm and a length of 100-150 mm.
8. A propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising:
the passive variable pitch propeller of any one of claims 1-7;
the variable-pitch propeller root sleeve of the passive variable-pitch propeller is arranged on the periphery of a propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and one side, far away from the propeller blades, of the variable-pitch propeller root is fixed on the propeller hub mandrel of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
9. The propeller-driven drone of claim 8, wherein the pitch root is secured to the hub spindle by a plurality of pin screws.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111372712.2A CN113799971A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Passive variable pitch propeller and propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111372712.2A CN113799971A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Passive variable pitch propeller and propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113799971A true CN113799971A (en) | 2021-12-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111372712.2A Pending CN113799971A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Passive variable pitch propeller and propeller-driven unmanned aerial vehicle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023142204A1 (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-08-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Helicopter rotor manipulation device based on pitch varying of hydraulic torsion tube |
Citations (5)
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| GB541206A (en) * | 1939-05-12 | 1941-11-17 | Kyota Sugimoto | Improvements in automatic variable pitch propellers |
| US20090236938A1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-24 | Piezolnnovations | Ultrasonic torsional mode and longitudinal-torsional mode transducer system |
| CN102167156A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | 尤洛考普特公司 | Blade with adaptive twist and rotor with such a blade |
| CN103661925A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-26 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Determination method for automatic variable-pitch propeller based on composite material |
| CN112319778A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Continuous automatic torque-changing propeller |
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2021
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111372712.2A patent/CN113799971A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB541206A (en) * | 1939-05-12 | 1941-11-17 | Kyota Sugimoto | Improvements in automatic variable pitch propellers |
| US20090236938A1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-24 | Piezolnnovations | Ultrasonic torsional mode and longitudinal-torsional mode transducer system |
| CN102167156A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2011-08-31 | 尤洛考普特公司 | Blade with adaptive twist and rotor with such a blade |
| CN103661925A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-26 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Determination method for automatic variable-pitch propeller based on composite material |
| CN112319778A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-05 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Continuous automatic torque-changing propeller |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 韩东,董晨,魏武雷,桑玉委: "自适应旋翼性能研究进展", 《航空学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023142204A1 (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-08-03 | 南京航空航天大学 | Helicopter rotor manipulation device based on pitch varying of hydraulic torsion tube |
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Application publication date: 20211217 |
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