CN113799473A

CN113799473A - Method for laminating super large laminated glass autoclave

Info

Publication number: CN113799473A
Application number: CN202111185181.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张东升; 高琦; 全晓萍; 李丽华
Original assignee: Tianjin North Glass Industrial Technical Co ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin North Glass Industrial Technical Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-12
Filing date: 2021-10-12
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-12
Also published as: CN113799473B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for laminating a super-large laminated glass autoclave, belonging to the field of glass deep processing. The invention changes the wind direction from the original length direction of the horizontal autoclave into the semicircular annular direction, shortens the circulating distance of the wind channel, increases the circulating frequency, greatly improves the uniform cooling degree of the whole glass, and simultaneously, the applicant combines practical experience for many years, reduces the critical temperature from 90 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the average speed of 0.2 per minute, ensures that each index of the large glass is qualified, the rainbow spots are not generated any more, and the appearance and the performance index are perfect.

Description

Method for laminating super large laminated glass autoclave

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of glass deep processing, in particular to a method for laminating a super-large laminated glass autoclave.

Background

Glass products have not only been limited to indoor lighting, but have also become a part of beautifying life. Glass curtain walls, glass load-bearing columns and the like are required to bear certain pressure, and the thickness of single glass is limited, so that laminated glass is produced. The laminated glass is a composite glass product which is formed by two or more pieces of glass, wherein one or more layers of organic polymer intermediate films are sandwiched between the two or more pieces of glass, and the glass and the intermediate films are permanently bonded into a whole after special high-temperature prepressing (or vacuumizing) and high-temperature high-pressure processing. Common interlayer glass intermediate films comprise PVB, SGP, EVA, PU and the like. The laminated glass is called as safety glass, and after the laminated glass is crushed by impact, the laminated glass does not generate sharp fragments to hurt people like the common glass due to the bonding effect of a PVB film sandwiched between two pieces of common glass. Meanwhile, the PVB intermediate film has the performance of sound insulation and sunlight control, and becomes a novel building material with energy-saving and environment-friendly functions, namely the sandwich glass can isolate the consistent noise of 1000 Hz-2000 Hz which can penetrate through common glass, and can block more than 99 percent of ultraviolet rays and absorb heat in infrared spectrum. The laminated glass conforming to the performance of the novel building materials must play a great role in the use of safety glass.

In a high-pressure kettle, an intermediate film is softened under the condition of high temperature, two pieces of glass are firmly bonded together under high pressure, and the temperature is reduced after the two pieces of glass are kept for a period of time, wherein the process is called as a laminating process in the field. The invention discloses a laminating method for oversized laminated glass (ZL 2011103386503): the method comprises the steps of superposing two pieces of glass and a film, completing adhesive clamping through normal-temperature cold pumping and hot pumping in a high-pressure kettle, vacuumizing the cold pumping at normal temperature, heating and pressurizing the hot pumping at normal pressure, keeping the temperature and pressure, and quickly cooling, heating to soften the film, pressurizing to discharge gas between the glass, and improving the bonding force of the two pieces of glass. A traditional high-pressure kettle is a horizontal kettle, an air duct 4 is arranged in the kettle and close to the kettle wall, a heater 2 and a cooler 3 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the air duct, a fan 5 is arranged at the front end of the high-pressure kettle, the flow direction of the air is that the air is blown from the front end to the tail end to reach a kettle door 1, then the air is folded by 180 degrees, passes through an inner cavity of laminated glass 11, and is finally sucked into a fan 5 impeller to form circulation. The purpose of this circulation is to make the temperature in the autoclave chamber uniform, see fig. 1, 2; however, the method is only suitable for short glass, if the glass is lengthened to be more than 15 meters, the wind is blocked in the midway, the wind speed is reduced, and the temperature difference between the front end and the rear end of the inner cavity of the kettle is large; meanwhile, in the laminating process, the film is heated to about 130 ℃ and then rapidly cooled, the cooling curve is shown in fig. 7, but the ultra-large glass plate surface is large, so that the temperature of the whole glass is difficult to ensure to be consistent in the cooling process, and therefore, in the glass cooling process, rainbow spots of different degrees can appear on the surface of the glass due to inconsistent temperature of the glass plate surface, and the appearance and the glass performance are seriously affected.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the field, the invention provides the laminating process of the oversized laminated glass autoclave, which changes the air channel, converts the air direction, shortens the air channel distance, increases the cycle frequency, ensures that the front end and the rear end of the inner cavity of the autoclave have uniform temperature, greatly improves the uniform cooling degree of the whole glass, and further adjusts the cooling curve to ensure that rainbow spots do not appear on the surface of the laminated glass.

A method for laminating two pieces of glass and a rubber sheet into a horizontal high-pressure kettle, pushing the laminated glass and the rubber sheet into the middle of the horizontal high-pressure kettle, heating to 110 ℃ for hot pumping for 2 hours, simultaneously heating and boosting to 135 ℃ and 1.25 MPa respectively, then quickly cooling to 90 ℃ after heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 2-3 hours, slowly cooling to 90-80 ℃, then preserving heat for 1 hour, quickly cooling to 80-30 ℃, wherein after 40 ℃, the pressure is reduced to normal pressure to finish rubber lamination, and is characterized in that: the rapid cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 2-3 ℃ per minute; the slow cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 0.2 ℃ per minute;

the laminated glass enters the horizontal autoclave horizontally, the wind direction of the laminated glass is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the middle part of the autoclave after being heated by a heater or cooled by a cooler on one upper side of the autoclave, and then enters the other upper side of the autoclave from the middle part of the autoclave and circulates to the fan blade on the top; or

The laminated glass enters the autoclave vertically, the wind direction of the laminated glass is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the middle part of the autoclave after being heated by heaters or cooled by coolers on two upper sides of the autoclave respectively, and then rises from the middle part of the autoclave and circulates to the fan blades on the top.

And the position from the top to the lower part in the autoclave, which is close to the autoclave wall, is provided with an air deflector, so that an air duct is formed between the autoclave wall and the air deflector, wherein the middle part of the air deflector is provided with a rotatable baffle.

The fan is fixed in the volute, the volute guides the air outlet of the fan, and the air inlet of the fan is provided with a detachable air guide pipe.

The middle part of the inner cavity of the high-pressure kettle is provided with a detachable horizontal baffle, and the laminated glass entering the horizontal kettle is positioned below the horizontal baffle.

The top of the air duct is fixed with a plurality of fans, and a plurality of heaters and coolers are fixed in the air ducts at one upper side and the other upper side of the high-pressure kettle.

The number of the fans is the same as that of the heaters and the coolers.

The improved method of the invention comprises the following steps: the original long-distance air channel trend from the front end to the rear end is changed into the annular air channel trend, namely, the air channel trend is changed into the semicircular annular trend from the original length direction of the horizontal high-pressure kettle, the air channel circulation distance is shortened, the circulation frequency is increased, and the uniform cooling degree of the whole glass is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the applicant combines practical experience for many years, the conventional requirement that the temperature is reduced by 2-3 ℃ per minute is also a manufacturer guide parameter, but for the ultra-large glass, the uniform and consistent temperature reduction of the area of more than 70 square meters is difficult, and finally, the key temperature difference of only 10 ℃ is found out to be reduced by 3 hours when the temperature is reduced between 90 ℃ and 80 ℃, because the temperature is gradually hardened and solidified from liquid paste in the stage of the temperature stage, and the temperature difference of each place at every moment cannot exceed 0.5 ℃ in the key period of the ionic bond combination and transformation of the middle of the film, the temperature is reduced at the average speed of 0.2 per minute, and all indexes of the large glass are qualified.

When the laminated glass horizontally enters the autoclave, the laminated glass is horizontally pushed into the autoclave, the air duct only runs in the upper half part, namely a semicircular ring shape, the air direction of the air duct is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the middle part of the autoclave after being heated by a heater or cooled by a cooler on one upper side of the autoclave, then the laminated glass is blown through the upper surface and the lower surface of the laminated glass, then the laminated glass enters the other upper side from the middle part of the autoclave and circulates to the fan blade on the top;

when the laminated glass enters the autoclave vertically, the laminated glass is pushed into the autoclave vertically, the air ducts run in two semicircular rings, the air direction of the air ducts is that the laminated glass is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the lower part of the autoclave after being heated by heaters or cooled by coolers on two upper sides of the autoclave respectively, and then the laminated glass is blown through two surfaces of the laminated glass respectively and then rises from the middle part of the autoclave and circulates to the fan blades on the top.

To the transformation of setting up, the big power fan that originally was located the front end has changed into a plurality of little fans that are located the top, and the deep bead middle part has set up a rotatable fly leaf moreover. When the movable plate rotates and is fixed with the inner wall of the kettle, the air duct only runs the upper half part, the air outlet is adjusted by the fan to face one side, and the laminated glass can horizontally enter the kettle; when the movable plate and the wind shield are connected into a whole, the upper air duct and the lower air duct are communicated, the fan adjusts the air outlet to face two sides, and the laminated glass can vertically enter the kettle.

The invention changes the wind direction from the original length direction of the horizontal autoclave into the semicircular annular direction, shortens the circulating distance of the wind channel, increases the circulating frequency, greatly improves the uniform cooling degree of the whole glass, and simultaneously, the applicant combines practical experience for many years, reduces the critical temperature from 90 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the average speed of 0.2 per minute, ensures that each index of the large glass is qualified, the rainbow spots are not generated any more, and the appearance and the performance index are perfect.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a prior art autoclave,

figure 2 is a left side sectional view (horizontal feed) of a prior art autoclave,

figure 3 is a main sectional view of the autoclave of the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a left sectional view (horizontal inlet) of the autoclave of the present invention,

FIG. 5 is a left sectional view (vertical inlet) of the autoclave of the present invention,

figure 6 is a top view of an autoclave according to the invention,

figure 7 is a prior art cool down control curve,

figure 8 is a cooling control curve in the present invention,

the various reference numbers in the figures are listed below:

1-kettle door, 2-heater, 3-cooler, 4-air duct, 5-fan, 6-volute, 7-air guide pipe, 8-cocoa rotating baffle, 9-horizontal baffle, 10-air guide plate and 11-laminated glass. The direction of the arrows in the figure is the direction of the wind.

Detailed Description

The invention relates to an improvement of a laminating method of an oversized laminated glass autoclave, which comprises the improvement of two aspects of process and equipment.

Size of structural glass: 3600*24000

Autoclave size: 4500*26000

Firstly, the process improvement:

(1) wind direction improvement:

A. as shown in the arrow direction in fig. 4, the laminated glass horizontally enters the autoclave, and the wind direction is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, and after being heated by a heater or cooled by a cooler on one upper side of the autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the middle of the autoclave, and then enters the other upper side of the autoclave from the middle of the autoclave, and is circulated to the fan blades on the top; or

B. As shown in the arrow direction in fig. 5, the laminated glass vertically enters the autoclave, and the air direction is blown out from the top of the horizontal autoclave, and after being heated by the heaters or cooled by the coolers on the two upper sides of the autoclave, the laminated glass enters the inner cavity of the autoclave from the middle of the autoclave, and then rises from the middle of the autoclave and circulates to the fan blades on the top.

(2) Improvement of cooling curve: in the cooling step, rapid cooling and slow cooling are included, wherein the rapid cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 2-3 ℃ per minute; the slow temperature reduction refers to a stage of reducing the temperature from 90 ℃ to 80 ℃, wherein the temperature reduction speed is 0.2 ℃ per minute, and the temperature is maintained for 60 minutes, which is shown in figure 8.

Secondly, equipment improvement:

as shown in fig. 3-6, a wind deflector 10 is disposed at a position adjacent to the autoclave wall from the top to the lower part in the horizontal autoclave, so that a wind channel 4 is formed between the autoclave wall and the wind deflector 10, wherein a rotatable baffle 8 is disposed at the middle part of the wind deflector.

The top of the air duct 4 is fixed with 9

fans

5, and 9 heaters 2 and coolers 3 are fixed in the air duct 5 on one upper side and the other upper side of the air duct 4. The fan 5 is fixed in the volute 6, the volute 6 can guide the air outlet of the fan 5, and the air inlet of the fan 5 is also provided with a detachable air guide pipe 7.

In the middle of the autoclave there is a detachable horizontal baffle 9.

When the laminated glass 11 horizontally enters the kettle, the glass is horizontally positioned in the middle of the kettle and below the horizontal baffle 9, the rotatable baffle is rotated to be fixed with the kettle wall, and the air guide pipe 7 is connected with an air inlet of a fan. The wind direction can only sweep to the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass horizontally, so that the semicircular shape of the wind direction can only flow out from one side to the middle part of the kettle and then enters the inside of the high-pressure kettle, and the wind direction sweeps to the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass horizontally.

When the laminated glass 11 vertically enters the kettle, the horizontal baffle is removed, the glass is vertically positioned in the middle of the kettle, the rotatable baffle is rotated to connect the air deflectors into a whole, and the air guide pipe of the air inlet of the fan is removed. The wind direction is horizontally swept to the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass, so that the semicircular wind direction simultaneously flows to the lower part of the autoclave from two sides and then enters the autoclave, and the wind direction horizontally sweeps the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass and rises to the upper part of the inner cavity of the autoclave to reach the air inlet of the fan to form circulation.

One skilled in the art would also be able to mount the fan at the bottom, reversing the direction of the entire wind, and vice versa, again achieving the objectives of the present invention, but for ease of operation, mounting the fan at the top of the autoclave is the preferred option.

The operating procedures of the doubling process are as follows:

according to the interlayer process flow, the first stage is executed by wrapping the well-closed glass by a vacuum bag, exhausting by using a vacuum suction nozzle, continuously exhausting for 60-180 minutes under the negative pressure of 0.08-0.1 MPa, completely exhausting internal air (including air between the glass and the film) to tightly press the glass and the film together, then hoisting the glass to a high-pressure autoclave rail car, propelling the high-pressure autoclave and closing an autoclave door. The second stage is carried out by raising the temperature to 80 ℃ for 40 minutes and maintaining the temperature for about 20 minutes. And (3) executing a third stage, increasing the temperature to 135 ℃ in 40 minutes, preserving the heat for 180 minutes to enable the internal clamping piece to be completely liquid, entering a fourth stage, quickly reducing the temperature for about 20 minutes to 90 ℃, enabling the film to be pasty from the liquid state, slowly reducing the temperature from 90 ℃ to 80 ℃, controlling the temperature at 0.2 ℃ per minute, keeping the temperature of 80 ℃ for 60 minutes to control the minimum temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the laminated glass, finally entering a fifth stage, quickly reducing the temperature of 80 ℃ to room temperature, completing the whole kettle opening process, starting to pressurize in the high-pressure kettle from the beginning of temperature rise in the process, reaching 1.25 MPa when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, releasing the pressure (namely deflating) until the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, opening a kettle door, pulling out the glass frame, and completing the glass clamping process.

Claims

1. A method for laminating two pieces of glass and a rubber sheet into a horizontal high-pressure kettle, pushing the laminated glass and the rubber sheet into the middle of the horizontal high-pressure kettle, heating to 110 ℃ for hot pumping for 2 hours, simultaneously heating and boosting to 135 ℃ and 1.25 MPa respectively, then quickly cooling to 90 ℃ after heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 2-3 hours, slowly cooling to 90-80 ℃, then preserving heat for 1 hour, quickly cooling to 80-30 ℃, wherein after 40 ℃, the pressure is reduced to normal pressure to finish rubber lamination, and is characterized in that: the rapid cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 2-3 ℃ per minute; the slow cooling is carried out at a cooling speed of 0.2 ℃ per minute;

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a wind deflector is disposed at a position adjacent to the autoclave wall from the top to the lower part of the autoclave so as to form a wind channel between the autoclave wall and the wind deflector, wherein a rotatable baffle is disposed at the middle part of the wind deflector.

3. The laminating method according to claim 1, wherein the blower is fixed in a volute, the volute guides an air outlet of the blower, and an air inlet of the blower is provided with a detachable air guide pipe.

4. The laminating method according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal baffle is detachably arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the autoclave, and the laminating glass entering the autoclave is positioned below the horizontal baffle.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of fans are fixed to the top of the air duct, and a plurality of heaters and coolers are fixed to the air duct on one upper side and the air duct on the other upper side of the autoclave.

6. The laminating method according to claim 5, wherein the number of the fans is the same as the number of the heaters and the coolers.