CN113798424B - Cold extrusion forming equipment and process for pinion of speed reducer - Google Patents
Cold extrusion forming equipment and process for pinion of speed reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113798424B CN113798424B CN202111157207.6A CN202111157207A CN113798424B CN 113798424 B CN113798424 B CN 113798424B CN 202111157207 A CN202111157207 A CN 202111157207A CN 113798424 B CN113798424 B CN 113798424B
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- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
- F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gear cold extrusion forming device and a process thereof, belonging to the technical field of gear cold extrusion forming, in particular to a speed reducer pinion cold extrusion forming device and a process thereof, wherein the speed reducer pinion cold extrusion forming device comprises a supporting component, the supporting component comprises a bottom plate, two ends of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with supporting rods, one ends of the supporting rods, which are far away from the bottom plate, are detachably connected with a top plate, a driving mechanism is fixedly arranged on the supporting component, an upper die component is arranged on the driving mechanism, and a lower die component is arranged on the supporting component, and the invention has the beneficial effects that: the upper die assembly is driven to descend through the driving mechanism, the male die in the upper die assembly can stably descend, machining accuracy is high, machining quality is good, the male die and the female die are buffered when in contact through the buffer assembly, the male die and the female die are in flexible contact when in contact just, and the male die and the female die are in rigid contact again, so that machining quality of a workpiece is good, and rejection rate is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear cold extrusion forming, in particular to a speed reducer pinion cold extrusion forming device and a process thereof.
Background
Cold extrusion is an important component in the precision plastic volume forming technology, and is to put a metal blank into a die cavity of a die in a cold state, and force the metal to be extruded from the die cavity under the action of strong pressure and a certain speed, so as to obtain an extrusion piece with a required shape and size and certain mechanical property; obviously, the cold extrusion processing is to control metal flow by a die and form parts by mass transfer of metal volume, and the cold extrusion technology is an advanced production technology with high precision, high efficiency, high quality and low consumption, and is more applied to large-scale production of medium and small-sized forgings; compared with hot forging and warm forging processes, the method can save materials by 30% -50%, save energy by 40% -80%, improve forging quality and improve working environment.
The existing gear cold extrusion forming equipment has the defects that the downward movement of the male die is unstable, so that the quality precision of the processed gear is insufficient, the male die and the female die are in rigid contact when in contact, buffering is not carried out, and the quality of the processed gear is further unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is provided in view of the problems existing in the existing cold extrusion forming equipment and process for the pinion of the speed reducer.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide the cold extrusion forming equipment and the cold extrusion forming process for the pinion of the speed reducer, the male die is driven to stably descend through the driving mechanism, the stability of the male die is further enhanced through the guide rod, the male die and the female die are in flexible contact and then in rigid contact through the buffer component, and buffering is effectively carried out, so that the processed gear is good in quality and high in precision, the problem that the existing cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion is unstable in downward movement of the male die, the quality precision of the processed gear is insufficient, the male die and the female die are in rigid contact during contact, buffering is not carried out, and the quality of the processed gear is unstable is further solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:
the cold extrusion forming equipment for the micro gear of the speed reducer comprises a supporting component, wherein the supporting component comprises a bottom plate, two ends of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with supporting rods, one end, far away from the bottom plate, of each supporting rod is detachably connected with a top plate, a driving mechanism is fixedly installed on the supporting component, an upper die component is arranged on the driving mechanism, and a lower die component is installed on the supporting component;
the upper die assembly comprises a first supporting plate, the bottom end of the first supporting plate is fixedly connected with an upper die holder, and the bottom end of the upper die holder is fixedly connected with a male die;
the lower die assembly comprises a supporting seat, the top end of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve seat, a base plate and a middle die seat are sleeved in the outer sleeve seat, a female die is arranged in an inner cavity of the middle die seat, the middle die seat and the female die are in sliding connection through a buffer assembly, the outer wall of the bottom end of the female die is in sliding connection with a sleeve seat, the bottom end of the sleeve seat is fixedly connected with the middle die seat, the inner wall of the bottom end of the middle die seat is in sliding connection with a jacking column, the bottom end of the jacking column is fixedly connected with a first buffer spring, and the bottom end of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with the bottom plate;
the buffer assembly comprises a moving plate, the inner wall of the moving plate is connected with a stabilizer bar in a sliding manner, the top end of the stabilizer bar is fixedly connected with a supporting block, a second buffer spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the stabilizer bar, and the second buffer spring is positioned below the moving plate;
the driving mechanism comprises a servo motor, the servo motor is installed on the top plate, an output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a driving belt pulley, the driving belt pulley is provided with two groups, the driving belt pulley is connected with a left driven belt pulley through belt transmission, the driving belt pulley is connected with a right driven belt pulley through belt transmission, the inner wall of the left driven belt pulley is fixedly connected with a first threaded rod, the inner wall of the right driven belt pulley is fixedly connected with a second threaded rod, the outer walls of the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are respectively in threaded connection with a power nut, the power nut is installed on a lifting plate through bolts, and a guide sleeve is installed on the lifting plate.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the bottom end of the first buffer spring is welded with a spring plate, and the spring plate is fixedly connected with the bottom plate through bolts.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the bottom plate is provided with a groove, and the first buffer spring is positioned in the groove.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the bottom end of the supporting block is fixedly connected with the middle die seat, and one end of the moving plate, which is far away from the female die, is fixedly connected with the sliding block.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: and the middle die holder is provided with a sliding groove, and the inner wall of the sliding groove is connected with the sliding block in a sliding way.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod are respectively connected with a bearing seat through bearings in a rotating mode, the bearing seat is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, and the top end of the top plate is provided with an enclosure through bolts.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the bottom of the two ends of the top plate is fixedly connected with a first fixing plate, the top end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with a second fixing plate, and the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are fixedly connected through bolts.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the bottom of the top plate is connected with the guide rod through a bolt, and the bottom of the guide rod is connected with the bottom plate through a bolt.
As a preferable scheme of the cold extrusion forming equipment for the pinion of the speed reducer, the invention comprises the following steps: the lifting plate is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the guide sleeve is installed in the first through hole, the power nut is installed in the second through hole, the top end of the first supporting plate is welded with a groove plate, the groove plate is provided with an internal threaded hole and a rectangular groove, the inner wall of the rectangular groove is inserted with the lifting plate, and the groove plate and the lifting plate are fixed through bolts.
The cold extrusion forming process of the speed reducer pinion specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, sawing raw materials into sections according to process design requirements, spraying lubricant, and drying the lubricant;
s2, heating the blank in an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace with protective atmosphere to 1200-1250 ℃, and warm forging the blank into a pre-forging blank on a press;
s3, spheroidizing annealing is carried out on the pre-forging stock, then shot blasting is carried out, and phosphating and saponification treatment is carried out on the surface; the spheroidizing annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃ for 200 minutes, then the spheroidizing annealing temperature is rapidly cooled to 600-650 ℃ by strong wind, and isothermal treatment is carried out in a tempering furnace at 600-650 ℃ for 100 minutes.
S4, placing the pre-forging stock into the female die, starting a servo motor, and driving the first threaded rod and the second threaded rod to rotate by an output shaft of the servo motor through the driving belt pulley, the right driven belt pulley and the left driven belt pulley, and driving the lifting plate to descend under the action of the power nut.
S5, when the male die contacts the female die, the supporting block descends along with the female die, and compresses the second buffer spring, so that the male die and the female die are in flexible contact when just contacting, and the first buffer spring is compressed;
and S6, after extrusion is completed, the servo motor reversely rotates, so that the lifting plate is driven to move upwards, the first buffer spring recovers deformation, and the extruded workpiece in the female die is ejected out.
Compared with the prior art:
1. the driving mechanism is arranged to drive the upper die assembly to descend, so that the male die in the upper die assembly can stably descend, and the machining precision is high and the quality is good;
2. through setting up the buffer unit, the terrace die is cushioned with the die contact time for the terrace die is flexible contact when just contacting with the die contact, and the reconversion is rigid contact, thereby makes the processingquality of work piece good, the rejection rate is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a mold assembly provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 3A provided in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a lifter plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 5 provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of a fluted plate provided by the present invention.
In the figure: the upper die assembly 1, the upper die holder 11, the punch 12, the first support plate 13, the lower die assembly 2, the support base 21, the backing plate 22, the outer housing base 23, the middle housing base 24, the slide groove 241, the cylinder housing 25, the female die 26, the jack post 27, the driving mechanism 3, the slot plate 30, the rectangular slot 301, the female screw hole 302, the servo motor 31, the enclosure 311, the rotating shaft 33, the driving pulley 34, the right driven pulley 35, the left driven pulley 36, the first threaded rod 37, the second threaded rod 38, the lifting plate 39, the second through hole 391, the first through hole 392, the power nut 393, the guide sleeve 394, the guide rod 4, the support assembly 5, the bottom plate 51, the support rod 52, the second fixing plate 521, the top plate 53, the first fixing plate 531, the buffer assembly 6, the moving plate 61, the support block 62, the stabilizer 63, the second buffer spring 64, the slider 65, the first buffer spring 7, and the spring plate 71.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a cold extrusion forming device for a pinion of a speed reducer, referring to fig. 1-7, comprising a supporting component 5, wherein the supporting component 5 comprises a bottom plate 51, two ends of the bottom plate 51 are fixedly connected with supporting rods 52, one end, far away from the bottom plate 51, of each supporting rod 52 is detachably connected with a top plate 53, a driving mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged on the supporting component 5, an upper die component 1 is arranged on the driving mechanism 3, and a lower die component 2 is arranged on the supporting component 5;
the upper die assembly 1 comprises a first supporting plate 13, wherein the bottom end of the first supporting plate 13 is fixedly connected with an upper die holder 11, and the bottom end of the upper die holder 11 is fixedly connected with a male die 12;
the lower die assembly 2 comprises a supporting seat 21, the top end of the supporting seat 21 is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve seat 23, a base plate 22 and a middle die seat 24 are sleeved in the outer sleeve seat 23, a female die 26 is arranged in an inner cavity of the middle die seat 24, the middle die seat 24 and the female die 26 are in sliding connection through a buffer assembly 6, the outer wall of the bottom end of the female die 26 is in sliding connection with a sleeve seat 25, the bottom end of the sleeve seat 25 is fixedly connected with the middle die seat 24, the inner wall of the bottom end of the middle die seat 24 is in sliding connection with a jacking column 27, the bottom end of the jacking column 27 is fixedly connected with a first buffer spring 7, and the bottom end of the supporting seat 21 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 51;
the buffer assembly 6 comprises a moving plate 61, the inner wall of the moving plate 61 is connected with a stabilizing rod 63 in a sliding manner, the top end of the stabilizing rod 63 is fixedly connected with a supporting block 62, the outer wall of the stabilizing rod 63 is sleeved with a second buffer spring 64, and the second buffer spring 64 is positioned below the moving plate 61; the buffer component 6 is used for buffering the base contact of the upper die component 1 and the lower die component 2, so that the contact is flexible;
the driving mechanism 3 comprises a servo motor 31, the servo motor 31 is mounted on the top plate 53, an output shaft of the servo motor 31 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 33, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected with driving pulleys 34, the driving pulleys 34 are provided with two groups, the lower part of the driving pulleys 34 are connected with a left driven pulley 36 through belt transmission, the upper part of the driving pulleys 34 are connected with a right driven pulley 35 through belt transmission, the inner wall of the left driven pulley 36 is fixedly connected with a first threaded rod 37, the inner wall of the right driven pulley 35 is fixedly connected with a second threaded rod 38, the outer walls of the first threaded rod 37 and the second threaded rod 38 are respectively in threaded connection with a power nut 393, the power nut 393 is mounted on a lifting plate 39 through bolts, and a guide sleeve 394 is mounted on the lifting plate 39; the servo motor 31 is used for driving the first threaded rod 37 and the second threaded rod 38 to rotate, so as to drive the lifting plate 39 to lift;
further, the bottom end of the first buffer spring 7 is welded with a spring plate 71, and the spring plate 71 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 51 through bolts; the first buffer spring 7 acts to push up the jack post 27, thereby pushing out the work piece in the die 26.
Further, a groove is formed on the bottom plate 51, and the first buffer spring 7 is located in the groove; the function of the groove is to maintain the stability of the first buffer spring 7.
Further, the bottom end of the supporting block 62 is fixedly connected with the middle die holder 24, and one end of the moving plate 61 far away from the female die 26 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 65; the function of the support block 62 is to fix the stabilizer bar 63.
Further, a sliding slot 241 is formed on the middle die holder 24, and the inner wall of the sliding slot 241 is slidably connected with the sliding block 65; so that the female die 26 can be stably lowered when the male die 12 is lowered into contact with the female die 26.
Further, the first threaded rod 37 and the second threaded rod 38 are respectively connected with a bearing seat 41 through bearings in a rotating way, the bearing seat 41 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 51, and the top end of the top plate 53 is provided with a sealing shell 311 through bolts; the function of the enclosure 311 is to encase part of the components of the drive mechanism 3.
Further, the bottoms of the two ends of the top plate 53 are fixedly connected with a first fixing plate 531, the top end of the supporting rod 52 is fixedly connected with a second fixing plate 521, and the first fixing plate 531 and the second fixing plate 521 are fixedly connected through bolts; the first and second fixing plates 531 and 521 function to achieve detachable connection of the top plate 53 and the support rod 52, thereby facilitating disassembly.
Further, the bottom end of the top plate 53 is connected with the guide rod 4 through a bolt, and the bottom end of the guide rod 4 is connected with the bottom plate 51 through a bolt; the guide rod 4 is used for enabling the upper die to be arranged.
Further, a first through hole 392 and a second through hole 391 are formed in the lifting plate 39, the guide sleeve 394 is installed in the first through hole 392, the power nut 393 is installed in the second through hole 391, the top end of the first supporting plate 13 is welded with a groove plate 30, an internal threaded hole 302 and a rectangular groove 301 are formed in the groove plate 30, the lifting plate 39 is inserted into the inner wall of the rectangular groove 301, and the groove plate 30 and the lifting plate 39 are fixed through bolts; the power nut 393 is mounted to the lifter plate 39 so as to facilitate replacement when the threads of the inner wall of the lifter plate 39 are damaged.
The cold extrusion forming process of the speed reducer pinion specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, sawing raw materials into sections according to process design requirements, spraying lubricant, and drying the lubricant;
s2, heating the blank in an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace with protective atmosphere to 1200-1250 ℃, and warm forging the blank into a pre-forging blank on a press;
s3, spheroidizing annealing is carried out on the pre-forging stock, then shot blasting is carried out, and phosphating and saponification treatment is carried out on the surface; the spheroidizing annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃ for 200 minutes, then the spheroidizing annealing temperature is rapidly cooled to 600-650 ℃ by strong wind, and isothermal treatment is carried out in a tempering furnace at 600-650 ℃ for 100 minutes.
S4, placing the pre-forging stock into the female die 26, starting the servo motor 31, and driving the first threaded rod 37 and the second threaded rod 38 to rotate by an output shaft of the servo motor 31 through the driving pulley 34, the right driven pulley 35 and the left driven pulley 36, and driving the lifting plate 39 to descend under the action of the power nut 393.
S5, when the male die 12 contacts the female die 26, the supporting block 62 descends along with the female die 26, the supporting block 62 compresses the second buffer spring 64, so that the male die 12 and the female die 26 are in flexible contact just before contact, and the first buffer spring 7 is compressed;
and S6, after extrusion is completed, the servo motor 31 reversely rotates, so that the lifting plate 39 is driven to move upwards, the first buffer spring 7 recovers deformation, and the extruded workpiece in the female die 26 is ejected.
Although the invention has been described hereinabove with reference to embodiments, various modifications thereof may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict, and the exhaustive description of these combinations is not given in this specification merely for the sake of omitting the descriptions and saving resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a speed reducer pinion cold extrusion equipment, includes supporting component (5), supporting component (5) include bottom plate (51), bottom plate (51) both ends fixed connection bracing piece (52), bracing piece (52) are kept away from connect roof (53) can be dismantled to one end of bottom plate (51), its characterized in that: a driving mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged on the supporting component (5), an upper die component (1) is arranged on the driving mechanism (3), and a lower die component (2) is arranged on the supporting component (5);
the upper die assembly (1) comprises a first supporting plate (13), wherein the bottom end of the first supporting plate (13) is fixedly connected with an upper die holder (11), and the bottom end of the upper die holder (11) is fixedly connected with a male die (12);
the lower die assembly (2) comprises a supporting seat (21), the top end of the supporting seat (21) is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve seat (23), a base plate (22) and a middle die seat (24) are sleeved in the outer sleeve seat (23), a female die (26) is arranged in an inner cavity of the middle die seat (24), the middle die seat (24) and the female die (26) are in sliding connection through a buffer assembly (6), the outer wall of the bottom end of the female die (26) is in sliding connection with a sleeve seat (25), the bottom end of the sleeve seat (25) is fixedly connected with the middle die seat (24), the inner wall of the bottom end of the middle die seat (24) is in sliding connection with a jack post (27), the bottom end of the jack post (27) is fixedly connected with a first buffer spring (7), and the bottom end of the supporting seat (21) is fixedly connected with a bottom plate (51);
the buffer assembly (6) comprises a moving plate (61), the inner wall of the moving plate (61) is connected with a stabilizing rod (63) in a sliding manner, the top end of the stabilizing rod (63) is fixedly connected with a supporting block (62), the outer wall of the stabilizing rod (63) is sleeved with a second buffer spring (64), and the second buffer spring (64) is positioned below the moving plate (61);
the driving mechanism (3) comprises a servo motor (31), the servo motor (31) is installed on a top plate (53), an output shaft of the servo motor (31) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (33), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (33) is fixedly connected with driving pulleys (34), the driving pulleys (34) are provided with two groups, the driving pulleys (34) are connected with a left driven pulley (36) through belt transmission, the driving pulleys (34) are connected with a right driven pulley (35) through belt transmission, a first threaded rod (37) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the left driven pulley (36), a second threaded rod (38) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the right driven pulley (35), power nuts (393) are respectively connected with the outer wall of the second threaded rod (38) through threads, the power nuts (393) are installed on a lifting plate (39) through bolts, and a guide sleeve (394) is installed on the lifting plate (39).
2. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion of the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the first buffer spring (7) is welded with a spring plate (71), and the spring plate (71) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (51) through bolts.
3. A cold extrusion apparatus for a pinion gear of a speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom plate (51) is provided with a groove, and the first buffer spring (7) is located in the groove.
4. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion of the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the supporting block (62) is fixedly connected with the middle die seat (24), and one end of the moving plate (61) far away from the female die (26) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (65).
5. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion of the speed reducer according to claim 4, wherein a chute (241) is formed on the middle die holder (24), and the inner wall of the chute (241) is slidably connected with the slider (65).
6. A reducer pinion cold extrusion forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first threaded rod (37) and the second threaded rod (38) are respectively connected with a bearing seat (41) through bearings, the bearing seat (41) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (51), and the top end of the top plate (53) is provided with a sealing shell (311) through bolts.
7. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion gears of the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bottoms of the two ends of the top plate (53) are fixedly connected with a first fixing plate (531), the top end of the supporting rod (52) is fixedly connected with a second fixing plate (521), and the first fixing plate (531) and the second fixing plate (521) are fixedly connected through bolts.
8. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion of the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the top plate (53) is connected with the guide rod (4) through a bolt, and the bottom end of the guide rod (4) is connected with the bottom plate (51) through a bolt.
9. The cold extrusion forming device for the pinion of the speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein a first through hole (392) and a second through hole (391) are formed in the lifting plate (39), the guide sleeve (394) is installed in the first through hole (392), the power nut (393) is installed in the second through hole (391), a groove plate (30) is welded at the top end of the first supporting plate (13), an internal threaded hole (302) and a rectangular groove (301) are formed in the groove plate (30), the lifting plate (39) is inserted into the inner wall of the rectangular groove (301), and the groove plate (30) and the lifting plate (39) are fixed through bolts.
10. A cold extrusion forming process for a pinion of a speed reducer, characterized by adopting the forming equipment of any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprising the following steps:
s1, sawing raw materials into sections according to process design requirements, spraying lubricant, and drying the lubricant;
s2, heating the blank in an intermediate frequency induction heating furnace with protective atmosphere to 1200-1250 ℃, and warm forging the blank into a pre-forging blank on a press;
s3, spheroidizing annealing is carried out on the pre-forging stock, then shot blasting is carried out, and phosphating and saponification treatment is carried out on the surface; the spheroidizing annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃ for 200 minutes, then the spheroidizing annealing temperature is rapidly cooled to 600-650 ℃ by strong wind, and isothermal treatment is carried out in a tempering furnace at 600-650 ℃ for 100 minutes;
s4, placing the pre-forging stock into a female die (26), starting a servo motor (31), and driving a first threaded rod (37) and a second threaded rod (38) to rotate by an output shaft of the servo motor (31) through a driving belt pulley (34), a right driven belt pulley (35) and a left driven belt pulley (36), and driving a lifting plate (39) to descend under the action of a power nut (393);
s5, when the male die (12) contacts the female die (26), the supporting block (62) descends along with the female die (26), the supporting block (62) compresses the second buffer spring (64), so that the male die (12) and the female die (26) are in flexible contact just before contact, and the first buffer spring (7) is compressed;
and S6, after extrusion is finished, the servo motor (31) reversely rotates, so that the lifting plate (39) is driven to move upwards, the first buffer spring (7) is deformed in a recovery mode, and the extruded workpiece in the female die (26) is ejected.
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