CN113791440B - CPS-based radiation monitoring equipment - Google Patents
CPS-based radiation monitoring equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to CPS-based radiation monitoring equipment, and belongs to the technical field of industrial safety guarantee. The invention comprises a step-down voltage-stabilizing power supply module, an STM32L MCU module, a communication module, a LoRa gateway, an LCD1602 display module and an M4011 Geiger counter module. STM32L MCU module is connected with communication module, M4011 geiger counter module respectively, LCD1602 display module, STM32L MCU module and communication module communication connection, and step-down constant voltage power supply module is STM32L MCU module, communication module, M4011 geiger counter module, LCD1602 display module power supply. According to the invention, the radiation pulse can be measured through the M4011 Geiger tube, the STM32L MCU module processes the radiation pulse signal, then the current radiation quantity is displayed in real time, the cloud is connected with the cloud through the LoRa communication module or the NB-IOT communication module, the cloud supports the LoRa WLAN protocol and the telecommunication CoAP/NB-IOT protocol simultaneously, cloud data are displayed to the WEB and WeChat of a remote user side, remote monitoring can be provided in a high-risk zone of radiation to a certain extent, and meanwhile, a carrying person can also ascertain the specific radiation quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to CPS-based radiation monitoring equipment, and belongs to the technical field of industrial safety guarantee.
Background
Regarding the damage of radiation influence, as small as marble radiation and electromagnetic radiation, as large as nuclear radiation and various high-risk industries (industrial production with larger exposure to radiation amount), long-term radiation irradiation is known to cause discomfort to human body, serious damage to organs and systems of human body, and occurrence of various diseases such as: leukemia, aplastic anemia, various tumors, ocular fundus lesions, reproductive system diseases, premature senility, etc. Yet another study published in the united states journal showed that remote monitoring of radiation was safer than actual personnel measuring at close distances.
If the geiger counter is used manually to routinely check areas with higher radiation, a certain amount of radiation can be absorbed in spite of the protection of protective clothing (and part of protective clothing has high manufacturing cost and short service life), and the damage to the body can be caused for a long time, and if a certain monitoring and sensing network is used, the number of times of personnel's movement can be effectively reduced, and a certain protection effect can be also achieved on the health of personnel in related industries.
The technology of the invention is derived from the key project of the basic research plan of Yunnan province (202001 AS 070064); technology innovation talent project in Yunnan province (2019 HB 113); the "Wan people plan" industry technology in Yunnan province is sponsored by the soldier's project (cloud issuing improvement personnel [2019] 1096).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing CPS-based radiation monitoring embedded real-time transmission equipment and system, so as to solve the problems of radiation detection and monitoring safety while realizing miniaturization and low power consumption, and simultaneously, the CPS-based radiation monitoring embedded real-time transmission equipment can play a role in ensuring whether equipment which can generate radiation in remote areas works well or not and whether overload operation is possible or not, and avoid the influence of a long-term manual detection radiation area on a human body.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a CPS-based radiation monitoring device comprises a step-down voltage stabilizing power supply module, an STM32LMCU module, a communication module, a LoRa gateway, an LCD1602 display module and an M4011 Geiger counter module.
STM32L MCU module is connected with communication module, M4011 geiger counter module respectively, LCD1602 display module, STM32L MCU module and communication module communication connection, and step-down constant voltage power supply module is STM32L MCU module, communication module, M4011 geiger counter module, LCD1602 display module power supply.
The M4011 geiger counter module can detect various ionizing radiation sources, such as alpha, beta, neutrons and the like, and gamma rays, and comprises an M4011 geiger tube U11, a resistor R12, a rheostat R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a CMOS11 transistor and HVW P-500NG1 voltage-variable and voltage-stabilizing chips.
Conventional geiger circuits typically employ multiple stages of amplification circuitry, such as multiple MOS devices, which can complicate the overall circuit construction and increase instability factors.
The M4011 geiger counter module completes transformation conversion by HVW P-500NG1 transformation voltage stabilizing chip, the other end of the pin 1 is connected with R12, the other end of the R12 is connected with a 5V power supply end, the other end of the R13 is connected with a rheostat R13, the other end of the R13 is connected with 400V+ voltage output, one branch of the C12 is grounded, the pin 3 is grounded, the anode of the M4011 geiger U11 is connected with the C11 and the R11 in parallel and then connected with 400V+ voltage, the cathode of the geiger is connected with the R14, the R14 is connected with the R15 and the C13 in series in parallel circuit and is connected with the R16 in parallel, the R16 is connected with the CMOS11 base electrode of the CMOS11 emitter is grounded, the collector is connected with the R17 and then connected with the 5G-555 chip to form a Schmitt trigger, and the modulus shaping of the M4011 output pulse is completed. Compared with the traditional counting circuit, the digital-to-analog shaping is not performed on the counting data by using the Schmitt trigger, so that the problem that the sampling data may be partially distorted in the conversion process so that the measurement counting structure is inaccurate is solved.
The pin 1 of the 5G-555 chip is grounded, the pin 2 and the pin 3 are connected together and integrated into the source electrode of the MOS tube, the pin 3 is connected with the STM32L151 singlechip for SPI communication, the pin 4 and the pin 8 are connected with 5V voltage, and the pin 5 and the pin 7 are suspended.
The STM32L MCU module comprises an STM32L151C8T6 singlechip, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit and a mode selection circuit.
The crystal oscillator circuit comprises a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a resistor R21, a crystal oscillator Y21 and a crystal oscillator Y22; the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with one end of a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23 and a capacitor C24; the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 3 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 4 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and one end of the resistor R22, and the capacitor C23 is simultaneously connected with the pin 5 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C24 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and the other end of the resistor R22, and is connected with the pin 6 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip.
The reset circuit comprises a capacitor C25, a resistor R21 and a tact switch S1; one end of the resistor R24 is connected in series with the resistor R25 and then connected with the positive electrode of the 3.3V power supply, meanwhile, the capacitor C26 is incorporated in the R24 and the R25, the other end of the capacitor C26 is connected in parallel with the 48 pins of the STM32L151C8T6 and then grounded; one end of the tact switch S1 and one end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply; the other end of the resistor R21, the other end of the switch S1 and the other end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the pin 7 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip.
The mode selection circuit comprises a resistor R24 and a resistor R25; one end of the resistor R25 is connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the pin 44 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; pin 1, pin 9, pin 24, pin 36 and pin 47 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are connected with the positive electrode of a 3.3V power supply; pin 8, pin 23, pin 35 and pin 48 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply; pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 14-pin SI end of the 74HC595 chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 12-pin RCK end of the 74HC595 chip, pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 11-pin SCK end of the 74HC595 chip, and pin 25 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 3 of the 5G-555 chip in the M4011 circuit.
The communication module may be an NB-IoT communication module including WH-NB73, SIM card, capacitor C31, C32 capacitor, resistor R31, resistor R32, inductor L31.
Pin 1 and pin 2 of WH-NB73 connect one end of inductance L31 and capacitor C31, the other end of C31 is grounded, pin 3 and pin 4 of WH-NB73 connect one end of R31 at the same time, R31 another end connects C31, and pull-down ground at the same node, L31 and C32 connect 3.3V power supply in parallel, one end of C32 connects one end of resistor R32 at the same time, R32 another end connects with pull-down node of R31, pull-down ground at the same node among R32, R31, C31; pin 36 and pin 35 of WH-NB73 connect pin 31 and pin 30 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip chip, pin 17, pin 42, pin 40, pin 39 of WH-NB73 are grounded.
The SIM card is inserted into the SIM card slot, and the SIM card slot circuit comprises a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C34, a card slot chip C749 and an over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6. Pin 2 of card slot chip C749 connects with pin 23 of WH-NB73, and pin 4 of over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 connects with external R34 and then connects with external edge of pin 2 of card slot chip C749, and pin 4 of over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 connects with pulldown capacitor C33 and then connects with ground. Pin 3 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 24 of WH-NB73, and simultaneously, pin 3 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is externally connected with R33 and then connected with the outer edge of pin 3 of the card slot chip C749. Pin 6 of card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 22 of WH-NB73, and simultaneously pin 1 of over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with external R35 and then connected with the outer edge of pin 6 of card slot chip C749, and the same node of R35 is connected with external capacitor C34 to be grounded. Pin 7 of slot die C749 is grounded. Pin 8 of card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 25 of WH-NB73, and pin 5 of over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is externally connected with the outer edge of pin 8 of card slot chip C749, and pin 2 of over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is grounded.
The communication module can also be a LoRa communication module, and comprises a LoRa SX1278, a digital-analog voltage stabilizing circuit, a radio frequency conversion filter circuit and a LoRa crystal oscillator circuit; the main purpose of the rf conversion filter circuit is stable for communication and frequency band filtering of input and output of the LoRa SX1278 chip, which is mainly composed of filter chips SAW FILTER and RF SWITCH PE4259, and the LoRa crystal oscillator circuit provides stable working frequency for the same, and its specific structure is as follows:
The outer edges of the pin 1 and the pin 28 of the LoRa SX1278 are used as communication ends of radio frequency output and output, the pin 1 is externally connected with a resistor R48 and is grounded in parallel with the resistor R47, the R48 is externally connected with a capacitor C412 and is externally connected with a pin 5 of a filter chip SAW FILTER, the C412 is integrated between the C413 and the R48 and is grounded, the pin 1 and the pin 6 of the filter chip SAW FILTER are simultaneously connected with the pins 3 and 4 of the filter chip SAW FILTER in a grounding mode; pin 2 is externally connected with the RF1 port of the capacitor C413 RF conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259, the pin 1 is used as an RF signal input end, and the pin 2 of the RF conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is grounded; pin 28 of LoRa SX1278 is connected to pin 27 as a radio frequency output terminal, pins 28 and 27 are connected to R41 and R42 in parallel and then connected to capacitor C46, while pull-out resistor R43 is connected to capacitor C45 to ground; the capacitor C419 is grounded in the middle of the C46 and the R43, the capacitor C46 is connected with the R44 and then connected with the C49, the C411, the C410, the C48, the C47, the R46 and the R45 in a cross series and parallel connection mode, the circuit grids connected with each other in parallel are grounded at the C47, the C48 and the C49, the outputs of the C49, the C410 and the R46 are connected with the RF2 port of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259, the pin 3 is used as a radio frequency signal output end, the port 4 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is externally connected with the resistor R410 and then connected with the C416 to be grounded, the port 34 of the STM32L151C8T6 is simultaneously connected in parallel, the port 5 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is externally connected with the C417 and then connected with the R49 in a cross series and parallel connection mode, the two ends of the capacitors C418 and the C419 are simultaneously grounded, and finally the pin 6 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is externally connected with the digital-analog voltage stabilizing circuit and then connected with the capacitor C415 to be grounded;
The LoRa crystal oscillator circuit comprises Y41, capacitors C423 and C424, Y41 crystals are connected to the two ends of Y41 in an external connection mode by pins 5 and 6 of SX1278 and are grounded by C423 and C424, pins 2,3 and 4 of LoRa SX1278 are connected to the external connection mode by C420, C421 and C422 of LoRa SX1278 and are grounded and are connected to a digital-analog voltage stabilizing power supply in an external connection mode by pin 3, pins 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of LoRa SX1278 are connected to pins 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of an STM32151 single-chip microcomputer module, 14 of LoRa SX1278 is connected to the external connection mode by C425, and pins 15 of LoRa SX1278 are connected to the ground by C425, pins 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 are connected to pins 27, 28, 29 and 30 of LoRa SX1278, 21, 23 and 24 of an external connection mode STM32L 151T 8 single-chip microcomputer (IC 3) are connected to the ground and are connected to the external connection mode by pins 5742 and the external connection mode by C12741. Pin 25 circumscribes R43 and C45, and is connected to C44 and C43 in a simultaneous pull-down mode to be grounded.
The invention supports selecting two different data transmission modes, and when an NB-IoT communication mode is used, the pin 31 and the pin 30 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are used as the pin 36 and the pin 35 of the external WH-NB73 for synchronous and asynchronous duplex communication.
When the LoRa type communication mode is selected, the pins 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are used as the pins 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the serial communication external connection LoRaSX and 1278, and the pins 27, 28, 29 and 30 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are externally connected with the pins LoRaSX and 1278, 16, 17, 18 and 20. Pin 34 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is externally connected with the extending end of pin 4 of PE4259 radio frequency transceiver converter in LoRaSX1278 circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the module is added with radio frequency conversion filter equipment, improves the traditional single-frequency or double-frequency communication, can rely on antenna characteristics to carry out full-band large-frequency spectrum communication, and keeps high level.
The LCD1602 display module includes a 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, an LCD1602 display, a chip pin 15, pin 1, pin 2, pin 3, pin 4, pin 5, pin 6, pin 7 external to pin 7, pin 8, pin 9, pin 10, pin 11, pin 12, pin 13, pin 14 of the LCD1602 display, and a 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip (IC 10).
Pin 8 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip is grounded, pins 10 and 13 and 16 are connected with 5V voltage, pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 14 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with RCK end of pin 12 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, and pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with SCK end of pin 11 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip;
The pin 1 of the LCD1602 display is grounded, the pin 2 is grounded by 5V voltage and then the external capacitor C51 is grounded, the pin 3 is grounded by a load, the pin 3 is grounded by a varistor R51, the pin 4, the pin 5 and the pin 6 are grounded by a pin 41, a pin 40 and a pin 39 of the STM32L singlechip, the pin 15 of the LCD1602 display is grounded by 5V high level and the pin 16 is grounded by a resistor R52.
Compared with the traditional design of directly connecting an LCD and a singlechip, the serial-parallel converter is changed, parallel data is changed into serial data, on one hand, a chip is used, the use of pins of the chip can be optimized, and the expansion space is larger.
The voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing module and the storage battery module provide 3.3V and 5V voltage output and play roles in stabilizing and protecting the power supply of the whole system, and the partial module comprises a 6V battery, a fuse F1 and a voltage-stabilizing output chip double-output circuit, wherein the voltage-stabilizing output chip double-output circuit consists of XC6206-3.3 and XC 6206-5.0; the positive electrode of the battery box is connected with a fuse F1 to be pulled out as a 6V voltage source, a pin 1of an XC6206-3.3 is externally connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, a pin 1of the XC6206-5.0 is connected with a pin 3 grounding resistor R61 of the XC6206-3.3, a pin 2 output voltage is 3.3V, a pin 1of the XC6206-5.0 is connected with a capacitor C61 in parallel, a pin 3 of the cathode of the battery box is connected with the ground, a pin 2 is externally connected with a C63 to be grounded, and a C62 and a diode D61 are simultaneously connected with a pin 2 end of the XC6206-3.3 to be pulled down as a 5V voltage source.
The NB-IoT base station can transfer data into the internet through an access port of an operator after the data is converted based on the laying of a telecom operator, and then the data is transmitted to a cloud server through a telecom CoAP/NB-IoT protocol.
The cloud server uses a person transparent cloud system, the cloud server system provides network access registration of NB-IoT modules and communication of AT instructions, IMEI and SN codes on the cloud registration and uploading hardware equipment films can be monitored by the cloud during power-on, and meanwhile uploading data types are set, so that monitoring values of the sensors can be displayed in real time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The invention can effectively measure the radiation intensity generated by outdoor or various communication base stations and industrial equipment at home, threatens human body, and simultaneously plays a role in monitoring the radiation intensity generated by ionizing radiation at home or decoration materials such as marble and the like.
2. The invention provides a feasible scheme for effectively guaranteeing radiation monitoring and fixed-point radiation monitoring of operation in a high-risk area of radiation for a long time, is a better application of bottom information acquisition equipment of a physical information fusion system in industrial safety monitoring, and has a certain development prospect and market demand.
3. The radiation monitoring equipment provides effective data for real-time radiation monitoring of a carrier or an arrangement node, achieves low power consumption through LoRa communication, has low manufacturing cost, and meets the design concept of safe production and energy conservation through long-distance reliable communication.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a buck regulated power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an STM32L MCU module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an NB-IoT communication module in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a LoRaSX1278 communications module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the M4011 Geiger tube of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an LCD1602 module according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-1-M4011 geiger tube circuit module, 1-2-STM32L MCU module circuit, 1-3-NB-IoT communication module, 3-1-NB-IoT base station, 1-3 x-LoRaSX 1278 communication module, 3-2-manned transparent cloud server, 3-1 x-LoRa base station, 3-3 user mobile phone WeChat terminal.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
Example 1: as shown in FIG. 7, the CPS-based radiation monitoring device comprises a step-down voltage stabilizing power supply module 2-1, an STM32L MCU module 1-2, a communication module, a LoRa gateway, an LCD1602 display module 1-4 and an M4011 Geiger counter module 1-1.
STM32L MCU module 1-2 is connected with communication module, M4011 geiger counter module 1-1, LCD1602 display module 1-4 respectively, STM32L MCU module 1-2 and communication module communication connection, step-down constant voltage power supply module 2-1 is STM32LMCU module 1-2, communication module, M4011 geiger counter module 1-1, LCD1602 display module 1-4 power supply.
As shown in fig. 5, the M4011 geiger counter module 1-1 can detect various ionizing radiation sources, such as α, β, neutron, and gamma rays, and the geiger tube is generally constructed by filling a metal tube sealed at both ends with an insulating material with a thin gas, typically a halogen-doped rare gas such as helium, neon, argon, and the like. A wire electrode is mounted along the axis of the tube and a voltage slightly below the breakdown voltage of the gas in the tube is applied between the wall of the tube and the wire electrode. So that in the normal state, the gas in the tube is not discharged; when high-speed particles are injected into the tube, the energy of the particles ionizes and conducts the gas in the tube, and a rapid gas discharge phenomenon is generated between the filament and the tube wall, so that a pulse current signal is output. By appropriate selection of the voltage applied between the filament and the tube wall, the lowest energy of the detected particle can be selected, and the geiger counter can also be used to detect gamma rays.
Conventional geiger circuits typically employ multiple stages of amplification circuits, such as multiple MOS devices, which can complicate the overall circuit configuration and add instability factors, the M4011 geiger counter module 1-1 of the present invention includes M4011 geiger tube U11, resistor R12, varistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, resistor R17, capacitor C11, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, CMOS11 transistors, HVW P-500NG1 voltage regulator chips.
The M4011 geiger tube circuit is formed by connecting HVW P-500NG1 voltage-stabilizing chip IC1 to complete voltage transformation conversion, pin 1 is connected with R12, the other end of R12 is connected with 5V supply end, pin 2 is connected with rheostat R13, the other end of R13 is connected with 400V+ voltage output, a branch capacitor C12 is grounded, pin 3 is grounded, the anode of M4011 geiger tube U11 is connected with 400V+ voltage after being connected with capacitor C11 and resistor R11 in parallel, the cathode of the geiger tube is connected with resistor R14, parallel circuit of resistor R14 and resistor R15 in series with capacitor C13 is connected with ground, R16 is connected with CMOS tube CMOS11 base electrode in parallel between R14 and R15, CMOS11 emitter is grounded, collector is connected with 5V voltage and then connected with 5G-555 chip (IC 2) to form a Schmitt trigger, and the analog-digital shaping of M4011 output pulse is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, after the geiger tube circuit forms a current pulse, the current pulse is input into the STM32L MCU module 1-2, and in order to facilitate the development of the functions after the current pulse is selected and the serial-parallel converter optimizes the pins used under the condition that the pins of the singlechip are limited. The STM32L MCU module 1-2 is a low-power consumption singlechip module, and the STM32L MCU module 1-2 comprises an STM32L151C8T6 singlechip, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit and a mode selection circuit.
The crystal oscillator circuit comprises a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a resistor R21, a crystal oscillator Y21 and a crystal oscillator Y22. The negative electrode of the power supply is connected with one end of the capacitor C21, the capacitor C22, the capacitor C23 and the capacitor C24. The other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 3 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip. The other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 4 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip. The other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and one end of the resistor R22, and the capacitor C23 is simultaneously connected with the pin 5 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip. The other end of the capacitor C24 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and the other end of the resistor R22, and is connected with the pin 6 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip.
The reset circuit comprises a capacitor C25, a resistor R21 and a tact switch S1. One end of the resistor R24 is connected in series with the resistor R25 and then connected with the positive electrode of the 3.3V power supply, meanwhile, the capacitor C26 is incorporated in the R24 and the R25, the other end of the capacitor C26 is connected in parallel with the 48 pins of the STM32L151C8T6, and then the resistor is grounded. One end of the tact switch S1 and one end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply. The other end of the resistor R21, the other end of the switch S1 and the other end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the pin 7 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip.
The mode selection circuit includes a resistor R24 and a resistor R25. One end of the resistor R25 is connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the pin 44 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip. Pin 1, pin 9, pin 24, pin 36 and pin 47 of the STM32L151C8T6 single-chip microcomputer are connected with the positive pole of the 3.3V power supply. Pin 8, pin 23, pin 35 and pin 48 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply. Pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 14-pin SI end of the 74HC595 chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 12-pin RCK end of the 74HC595 chip, pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the 11-pin SCK end of the 74HC595 chip, and pin 25 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 3 of the 5G-555 chip in the M4011 circuit.
Meanwhile, the invention considers the energy consumption and cost problems of inter-city monitoring and remote monitoring, and can consider to use NB-IoT modules 1-3 in short-range communication and monitoring, and also proposes a 1-3 communication scheme constructed by using a LoRa module when long-range communication is required.
That is, the module design supports two different data transmission modes, when using NB-IoT communication mode, pin 31 and pin 30 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are used as pin 36 and pin 35 of the external NB-IoT WH-NB73 for synchronous-asynchronous duplex communication.
When the LoRa type communication mode is selected, the pins 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are used as the pins 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the serial communication external connection LoRaSX and 1278, and the pins 27, 28, 29 and 30 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are externally connected with the pins LoRaSX and 1278, 16, 17, 18 and 20. Pin 34 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is externally connected with the extending end of pin 4 of PE4259 radio frequency transceiver converter in LoRaSX1278 circuit.
As shown in fig. 3, when the communication module is NB-IoT communication module 1-3, the communication module includes WH-NB73, SIM card, capacitors C31, C32, resistor R31, resistor R32, and inductor L31.
Pin 1 and pin 2 of WH-NB73 connect one end of inductance L31 and electric capacity C31, and the other end ground connection of C31, and the pin 3 of WH-NB73 connects one end of R31 simultaneously with pin 4, and the other end of R31 connects C31 to pull-down ground at same node, L31 and C32 connect 3.3V power in parallel, and the one end of C32 connects one end of resistance R32 simultaneously, and the other end of R32 connects with the pull-down node of R31, pulls-down ground at same node between R32, R31, C31. Pin 36 and pin 35 of WH-NB73 connect pin 31 and pin 30 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip chip, pin 17, pin 42, pin 40, pin 39 of WH-NB73 are grounded.
The SIM card slot circuit comprises a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C34, a card slot chip C749 and an over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6. Pin 2 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 23 of the WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 4 of the ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 2 of the card slot chip C749 after being connected with R34 in an external mode, pin 4 of the ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the pulldown capacitor C33 in an external mode and then is grounded, pin 3 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 24 of the WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 3 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 3 of the card slot chip C749 in an external mode, pin 6 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 22 of the WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 1 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 6 of the card slot chip C749 after being connected with R35 in an external mode, pin 4 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with the external capacitor C34 at the same node, pin 7 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with the ground, pin 8 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 25 of the WH-NB73, and meanwhile, pin 6 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8 is connected with the outer edge of the pin 6 of the card slot chip C6V 8 is connected with the outer edge of the card 6 of the card AV6.
As shown in FIG. 4, the communication module is a LoRa communication module 1-3, and comprises a LoRa SX1278, a digital-analog voltage stabilizing circuit, a radio frequency conversion filter circuit and a LoRa crystal oscillator circuit. The main purpose of the rf conversion filter circuit is stable for communication and frequency band filtering of input and output of the LoRa SX1278 chip, which is mainly composed of filter chips SAW FILTER and RF SWITCH PE4259, and the LoRa crystal oscillator circuit provides stable working frequency for the same, and its specific structure is as follows:
The outer edges of the pin 1 and the pin 28 of the LoRa SX1278 are used as communication ends of radio frequency output and output, the pin 1 is externally connected with a resistor R48 and is grounded in parallel with the resistor R47, the capacitor C412 is externally connected with the pin 5 of the filter chip SAW FILTER after the resistor R48, the capacitor C412 is connected with the ground in the middle of the capacitor C413 and the resistor R48 and is simultaneously connected with the pin 1 and the pin 6 of the filter chip SAW FILTER, the pins 3 and 4 of the filter chip SAW FILTER are grounded, the pin 2 is externally connected with the RF1 port of the capacitor C413 radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259, and the pin 2 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is grounded. Pin 28 of LoRa SX1278 is connected as a radio frequency output to pin 27, pins 28 and 27 are connected externally to R41 and R42 and then connected in parallel to capacitor C46, while pull-out resistor R43 is connected to capacitor C45 and to ground. The capacitor C419 is grounded in the middle of the C46 and the R43, the capacitor C46 is connected with the R44 and then connected with the C49, the C411, the C410, the C48, the C47, the R46 and the R45 in a crossed serial-parallel connection mode, the circuit grids connected with each other in parallel are grounded at the C47, the C48 and the C49, the outputs of the C49, the C410 and the R46 are connected with the RF2 port of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259, the port 4 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is connected with the resistor R410 in an external connection mode and then connected with the C416 in an external connection mode, the port 5 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is connected with the C417 in an external connection mode and then connected with the R49 in an external connection mode, simultaneously connected with the capacitors C418 and the C419 in a pull-down mode, finally the antenna coaxial port ANT_LF is connected with the ground simultaneously, and the pin 6 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is connected with the digital-analog voltage stabilizing circuit and then connected with the capacitor C415.
The LoRa crystal oscillator circuit comprises Y41, capacitors C423 and C424, Y41 crystals are connected to the two ends of Y41 externally by pins 5 and 6 of LoRaSX1278 and grounded by C423 and C424, pin 2, pin 3 and pin 4 of LoRa SX1278 are connected to the external capacitors C420, C421 and C422 and grounded and simultaneously connected to a digital analog voltage stabilizing power supply externally connected to pin 3, pin 8, pin 9, pin 10, pin 11, pin 12, pin 13 of LoRa SX1278 is connected to STM32151C8T6 SCM module, pin 14 of LoRa SX1278 is connected to the digital analog voltage stabilizing circuit externally connected to C425 and grounded by C425, pin 16, pin 17, pin 19, pin 20 is connected to STM32L 151T 8 SCM 27, 28, pin 29, pin 30, loRa SX 8, pin 21, pin 23, pin 24 and C24 are connected to the ground by C23, and connected to the external capacitors C43 and C45 of LoRa SX1278 are connected to the ground by C425 and connected to the external capacitors.
As shown in FIG. 6, the STM32L MCU module 1-2 will perform serial-parallel conversion on the obtained pulse signal through the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, and output 8 paths of parallel output as digital display of the LCD module. The LCD1602 display module 1-474HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, LCD1602 display, chip pins 15, pin 1, pin 2, pin 3, pin 4, pin 5, pin 6, pin 7 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip are externally connected with pins 7, pin 8, pin 9, pin 10, pin 11, pin 12, pin 13, pin 14 of the LCD1602 display.
Pin 8 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip is grounded, pins 10 and 13 and 16 are connected with 5V voltage, pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 14 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with RCK end of pin 12 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, and pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with SCK end of pin 11 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip.
Pin 1 of the LCD1602 display is grounded, pin 2 is grounded by 5V voltage and then the external capacitor C51 is grounded, pin 3 is grounded by a load, pin 3 is grounded by a varistor R51, pin 4, pin 5 and pin 6 are grounded by a pin 41, a pin 40 and a pin 39 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip, pin 15 of the LCD1602 display is grounded by 5V high level and pin 16 is grounded by a resistor R52.
Compared with the traditional design of directly connecting an LCD and a singlechip, the serial-parallel converter is changed, parallel data is changed into serial data, on one hand, a chip is used, the use of pins of the chip can be optimized, and the expansion space is larger.
As shown in FIG. 1, the step-down voltage stabilizing module and the storage battery module provide 3.3V and 5V voltage output, and simultaneously perform voltage stabilizing and protecting functions for supplying power to the whole system, and the partial module comprises a 6V battery, a fuse F1 and a voltage stabilizing output chip double-output circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing output chip double-output circuit consists of XC6206-3.3 and XC 6206-5.0. The positive electrode of the battery box is connected with a fuse F1 to be pulled out as a 6V voltage source, a pin 1 of an XC6206-3.3 is externally connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, a pin 1 of the XC6206-5.0 is connected with a pin 3 grounding resistor R61 of the XC6206-3.3, a pin 2 output voltage is 3.3V, a pin 1 of the XC6206-5.0 is connected with a capacitor C61 in parallel, a pin 3 of the cathode of the battery box is connected with the ground, a pin 2 is externally connected with a C63 to be grounded, and a C62 and a diode D61 are simultaneously connected with a pin 2 end of the XC6206-3.3 to be pulled down as a 5V voltage source.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
In the practical process, in order to save energy consumption, the STM32L MCU module 1-2 is used for receiving pulse signals sent by the M4011 geiger counter module 1-4, the function of on-off counting is carried out by depending on pins of the STM32L MCU module 1-2, ionization occurrence frequency of the geiger tube is formed into an electric signal, the digital-to-analog conversion process is finished by a Schmitt trigger formed by a 555 chip, the digital-to-analog conversion process is converted into pulse signals with high and low levels which are easy to monitor, the specific numerical value is calculated by the MCU, the specific numerical value is uploaded to a communication module in an SPI and asynchronous synchronous serial communication mode to be sent to uplink data, and meanwhile, serial port output data of the STM32 singlechip is converted into parallel output of eight ports to realize numerical value display of the LCD 1602. Meanwhile, the cloud can observe real-time data in WeChat applet or public number, and is also suitable for integrated monitoring analysis of a data center.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. A CPS-based radiation monitoring device, characterized by: the system comprises a step-down voltage-stabilizing power supply module (2-1), an STM32L MCU module (1-2), a communication module, a LoRa gateway, an LCD1602 display module (1-4) and an M4011 Geiger counter module (1-1);
STM32L MCU module (1-2) is connected with communication module, M4011 geiger counter module (1-1), LCD1602 display module (1-4) respectively, STM32L MCU module (1-2) is connected with communication module communication, step-down voltage stabilizing power supply module (2-1) is STM32L MCU module (1-2), communication module, M4011 geiger counter module (1-1), LCD1602 display module (1-4) power supply;
The M4011 geiger counter module (1-1) comprises an M4011 geiger tube U11, a resistor R12, a rheostat R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a CMOS11 transistor and a HVW P-500NG1 voltage-variable and voltage-stabilizing chip;
The M4011 geiger tube circuit is formed by connecting HVW P-500NG1 voltage-stabilizing chip to complete voltage transformation conversion, wherein a pin 1 is connected with R12, the other end of R12 is connected with a 5V power supply end, a pin 2 is connected with a rheostat R13, the other end of R13 is connected with 400V+ voltage output, a branch capacitor C12 is grounded, a pin 3 is grounded, an anode of the M4011 geiger tube U11 is connected with a capacitor C11 and a resistor R11 in parallel and then is connected with 400V+ voltage, a cathode of the geiger tube is connected with a resistor R14, the resistor R14 is connected with a parallel circuit of a resistor R15 and a capacitor C13 in series and is connected with ground in a pull-down manner, a base electrode of a CMOS tube CMOS11 is connected in parallel between the R14 and the R15, an emitter of the CMOS11 is grounded, a collector is connected with a resistor R17 and then connected with a 5G-555 chip to form a Schmidt trigger, wherein the pin 1 of the 5G-555 chip IC2 is grounded, the pin 2 and the pin 3 are connected together and are combined into a MOS tube source, the pin 3 is connected with an STM32L151 singlechip for SPI communication, the pins 4 and the pins 8 are connected with 5V voltage in suspension, and the pins 7 are suspended;
the STM32L MCU module (1-2) comprises an STM32L151C8T6 singlechip, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit and a mode selection circuit;
The crystal oscillator circuit comprises a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23, a capacitor C24, a resistor R21, a crystal oscillator Y21 and a crystal oscillator Y22; the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with one end of a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, a capacitor C23 and a capacitor C24; the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 3 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y1 and the pin 4 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and one end of the resistor R22, and the capacitor C23 is simultaneously connected with the pin 5 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; the other end of the capacitor C24 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator Y2 and the other end of the resistor R22, and is simultaneously connected with the pin 6 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip;
The reset circuit comprises a capacitor C25, a resistor R21 and a tact switch S1; one end of the resistor R24 is connected in series with the resistor R25 and then connected with the positive electrode of the 3.3V power supply, meanwhile, the capacitor C26 is incorporated in the R24 and the R25, the other end of the capacitor C26 is connected in parallel with the 48 pins of the STM32L151C8T6 and then grounded; one end of the tact switch S1 and one end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply; the other end of the resistor R21, the other end of the switch S1 and the other end of the capacitor C25 are simultaneously connected with the pin 7 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip;
The mode selection circuit comprises a resistor R24 and a resistor R25; one end of the resistor R25 is connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply, and the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with the pin 44 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip; pin 1, pin 9, pin 24, pin 36 and pin 47 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are connected with the positive electrode of a 3.3V power supply; pin 8, pin 23, pin 35 and pin 48 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip are connected with the negative electrode of the 3.3V power supply; pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the end of 14 pin SI of the 74HC595 chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the end of 12 pin RCK of the 74HC595 chip, pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with the end of 11 pin SCK of the 74HC595 chip, and pin 25 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 3 of the 5G-555 chip in the M4011 circuit;
The communication module is an NB-IoT communication module (1-3 x) comprising a WH-NB73, a SIM card, a capacitor C31, a capacitor C32, a resistor R31, a resistor R32 and an inductor L31;
Pin 1 and pin 2 of WH-NB73 connect one end of inductance L31 and capacitor C31, the other end of C31 is grounded, pin 3 and pin 4 of WH-NB73 connect one end of R31 at the same time, R31 another end connects C31, and pull-down ground at the same node, L31 and C32 connect 3.3V power supply in parallel, one end of C32 connects one end of resistor R32 at the same time, R32 another end connects with pull-down node of R31, pull-down ground at the same node among R32, R31, C31; pin 36 and pin 35 of WH-NB73 are connected to pin 31 and pin 30 of STM32L151C8T6 singlechip chip, and pin 17, pin 42, pin 40, pin 39 of WH-NB73 are grounded;
the SIM card slot circuit comprises a resistor R33, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a capacitor C33, a capacitor C34, a card slot chip C749 and an over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6; pin 2 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 23 of WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 4 of the ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 2 of the card slot chip C749 after being connected with R34 in an external mode, pin 4 of the ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with a pull-down capacitor C33 in an external mode and then is grounded, pin 3 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 24 of WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 3 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 3 of the card slot chip C749 in an external mode, pin 6 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 22 of WH-NB73, meanwhile, pin 1 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V8AV6 is connected with the outer edge of pin 6 of the card slot chip C749 after being connected with R35 in an external mode, pin 7 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with the ground, pin 8 of the card slot chip C749 is connected with pin 25 of WH-NB73, and meanwhile, pin 6 of the over-current protection chip ESDA6V 8V 6 is connected with the outer edge of the card slot chip C749;
the communication module is a LoRa communication module (1-3) and comprises a LoRa SX1278 and a LoRa crystal oscillator circuit;
the outer edges of the pin 1 and the pin 28 of the LoRa SX1278 are used as communication ends of radio frequency output and output, the pin 1 is externally connected with a resistor R48 and is grounded in parallel with the resistor R47, the capacitor C412 is externally connected with the pin 5 of the filter chip SAW FILTER after the resistor R48, the integrated C412 is grounded in the middle of the C413 and the R48 and is simultaneously connected with the pin 1 and the pin 6 of the filter chip SAW FILTER, the pins 3 and 4 of the filter chip SAW FILTER are grounded, the pin 2 is externally connected with the RF1 port of the capacitor C413 radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259, and the pin 2 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE4259 is grounded; pin 28 of LoRa SX1278 is connected to pin 27 as a radio frequency output terminal, pins 28 and 27 are connected to R41 and R42 in parallel and then connected to capacitor C46, while pull-out resistor R43 is connected to capacitor C45 to ground; the capacitor C419 is grounded in the middle of the C46 and the R43, the capacitor C46 is connected with the R44 and then connected with the C49, the C411, the C410, the C48, the C47, the R46 and the R45 in a crossed serial-parallel connection mode, the circuit grids connected with each other in parallel are grounded at the C47, the C48 and the C49, the outputs of the C49, the C410 and the R46 are connected with the RF2 port of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE and the RF conversion chip 4259, the port 4 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE and the RF conversion chip 4259 are connected with the C416 in an external connection mode, the port 5 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE and the RF conversion chip 4259 are connected with the C417 in an external connection mode and then connected with the R49 in an external connection mode, the capacitors C418 and the C419 are connected with each other in a pull-down mode, the coaxial port ANT_LF is connected with the ground simultaneously, and the pin 6 of the radio frequency conversion chip RF SWITCH PE and the RF conversion chip 4259 is connected with the digital-analog voltage stabilizing circuit in an external connection mode and then connected with the capacitor C415;
The LoRa crystal oscillator circuit comprises Y41, capacitors C423 and C424, pins 5 and 6 of LoRaSX1278 are externally connected with both ends of Y41, Y41 crystals are grounded, capacitors C423 and C424 are grounded at both ends of Y41, pins 2, 3 and 4 of LoRa SX1278 are externally connected with capacitors C420, C421 and C422 and then grounded, and meanwhile, pins 3 are externally connected with a digital analog voltage stabilizing power supply, pins 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 are externally connected with STM32151C8T6 SCM module, pins 14, 15, 16, 17,18 and 19 of LoRa SX1278 are externally connected with a digital analog voltage stabilizing circuit, then C425 is grounded, pins 15 of LoRa SX1278 are grounded, pins 16, 17,18, 19, 20 are externally connected with STM32L 151T 8 SCM 27, 28, 29, 30, 21, 23 and 53C 24 are grounded, and simultaneously connected with pins 41 and grounded, and simultaneously connected with C43 and C45 of LoRa SX 1278;
The LCD1602 display module (1-4) comprises a 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, an LCD1602 display, a chip pin 15, a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 3, a pin 4, a pin 5, a pin 6, a pin 7 external to a pin 7, a pin 8, a pin 9, a pin 10, a pin 11, a pin 12, a pin 13 and a pin 14 of the LCD1602 display;
Pin 8 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip is grounded, pins 10 and 13 and 16 are connected with 5V voltage, pin 11 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with pin 14 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, pin 12 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with RCK end of pin 12 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip, and pin 13 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip is connected with SCK end of pin 11 of the 74HC595 serial-parallel conversion chip;
pin 1 of the LCD1602 display is grounded, pin 2 is grounded by 5V voltage and then the external capacitor C51 is grounded, pin 3 is grounded by a load, pin 3 is grounded by a varistor R51, pin 4, pin 5 and pin 6 are grounded by a pin 41, a pin 40 and a pin 39 of the STM32L151C8T6 singlechip, pin 15 of the LCD1602 display is grounded by 5V high level and pin 16 is grounded by a resistor R52.
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