CN113791342B - Switching device and electric appliance - Google Patents
Switching device and electric appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113791342B CN113791342B CN202111075656.6A CN202111075656A CN113791342B CN 113791342 B CN113791342 B CN 113791342B CN 202111075656 A CN202111075656 A CN 202111075656A CN 113791342 B CN113791342 B CN 113791342B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
- G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
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Abstract
The application provides a switching device and an electric appliance, wherein the switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit is used for receiving alternating current and decoupling the alternating current; the input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for being electrically connected with a load; the protection circuit is connected with the relay switch in parallel, and is used for limiting and discharging an electric arc generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch, and the conducting voltage of the protection circuit is larger than that of alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and outputting a detection result; the control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control end of the relay switch respectively, and is used for receiving the switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of switches, in particular to a switching device and an electric appliance.
Background
Whether the mechanical switch or the electronic switch is provided, the core is a contact, the contact capability influences the service life of the switch, the mechanical service life of the switch is very high, but the electric service life of the switch is far lower than the mechanical service life due to the influence of voltage and current after the switch is electrified.
At the moment of switching on and switching off, the voltage between the switches is suddenly changed, so that the distance between the switching electrodes generates an arc, the load type after switching is deepened and influenced, for example, the discharge of a capacitive load, the reverse electromotive force of a motor and the like cause the arc to be more easily generated at the moment of switching on and off of the switch.
In the prior art, an alternating current switch is powered on in a zero-phase state by detecting an alternating current zero-phase state and detecting the relay on-time, calculating the on-time of a compensation relay, and commanding the relay switch to on-time in the zero-phase state, so that the instantaneous voltage on-time on-off is on-time on zero-time state, and the voltage is relatively lowest on the zero-phase state, thereby achieving the aim of arc extinction of the switch and prolonging the electrical life of the switch. However, the detected suction time of the relay is past, and the suction time of the relay is not fixed every time, so that the arc suppression effect is poor.
Therefore, how to suppress the generation of arc to ensure the electrical life of the switch is a problem to be solved in the prior art.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background art from the technology described herein and, therefore, may contain some information that does not form the prior art that is already known in the country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The main aim of the application is to provide a switching device and an electric appliance, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, the switching on and off of the switch instantaneously generates an electric arc, and the service life of the switch is influenced.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a switching device including a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit, and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit is configured to receive and decouple an alternating current; the relay switch comprises an input end, an output end and a control end, wherein the input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for being electrically connected with a load; the protection circuit is connected with the relay switch in parallel, is used for limiting and discharging an arc generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch, and has a conduction voltage larger than the alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and outputting a detection result; the control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control end of the relay switch respectively, and is used for receiving a switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result.
Optionally, the relay switch includes a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, the first switch circuit includes a first relay, the first relay includes a first input loop, the second switch circuit includes a second relay, the second relay includes a second input loop, a first end of the first input loop is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, a second end of the first input loop is electrically connected with a first end of the second input loop, a second end of the second input loop is electrically connected with the load, the protection circuit includes a voltage bleeder circuit and a current limiter circuit, the voltage bleeder circuit is connected in parallel with the first input loop, a turn-on voltage of the voltage bleeder circuit is greater than the alternating current, and the current limiter circuit is connected in parallel with the second input loop.
Optionally, the first relay further includes a first output loop, the first switch circuit further includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a first voltage dividing element, and a second voltage dividing element, where a first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected to a first end of the first output loop, and the first end of the first switch tube is further used for being electrically connected to an external power supply; the second switching tube comprises three terminals, a first end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with a second end of the first switching tube, and a second end of the second switching tube is grounded; the first end of the first voltage dividing element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the first voltage dividing element is electrically connected with the control unit; the first end of the second voltage dividing element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switching tube and the first end of the first voltage dividing element respectively, and the second end of the second voltage dividing element is grounded.
Optionally, the voltage bleeding sub-circuit comprises a varistor and/or a TVS tube.
Optionally, the current limiter circuit includes a third voltage dividing element.
Optionally, the zero-crossing detection circuit includes a first sub-detection circuit and a second sub-detection circuit, where the first sub-detection circuit includes a first optical coupler, the first optical coupler includes a first light emitter and a first light receiver, two ends of the first light emitter are respectively electrically connected with an input end of the decoupling circuit, a first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and a second end of the first light receiver is grounded; the second sub-detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler, the second optical coupler comprises a second light emitter and a second light receiver, a first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with a second end of the second input loop, a second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, a first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and a second end of the second light receiver is grounded.
Optionally, the control unit comprises a light emitting device and a singlechip, and the first end of the light emitting device is grounded; the singlechip is electrically connected with the relay switch, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the light-emitting device respectively, and is used for controlling the switching state of the relay switch according to the switching control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switching state of the light-emitting device according to the switching state of the relay switch.
Optionally, the switching device further includes a power supply circuit, an input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, an output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit respectively, and the power supply circuit is used for converting the decoupled alternating current into direct current, and a voltage of the direct current is smaller than a voltage of the alternating current.
Optionally, the power supply circuit includes a resistor Rong Jiangya subcircuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout linear regulator.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electrical apparatus comprising any one of the switching devices.
By applying the technical scheme, the switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit decouples alternating current of alternating current; the relay switch is electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load respectively and is used for executing switching action; the zero-crossing detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of the zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch, and limiting and discharging the electric arc when the electric arc is generated by switching on and switching off the relay switch. The switching device ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero crossing state through the control unit, ensures that the voltage is lower during on-off, limits and discharges the electric arc through the protection circuit when the electric arc is generated, relieves the damage of the electric arc to the switching device, and further ensures that the service life of the switching device is longer. And the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current is filtered by the switching device through the decoupling circuit, so that the good performance of the switching device is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first switching circuit and a voltage bleeder sub-circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a second switching circuit and a current limiter circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first sub-detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second sub-detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a decoupling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a decoupling circuit; 20. a relay switch; 30. a protection circuit; 40. a zero-crossing detection circuit; 50. a control unit; 60. a power supply circuit; 200. a first switching circuit; 201. a second switching circuit; 202. a first input loop; 203. a first output loop; 204. a second input loop; 205. a second output loop; 300. a voltage bleeder circuit; 301. a current limiter circuit; 400. a first sub-detection circuit; 401. and a second sub-detection circuit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Furthermore, in the description and in the claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, the switch is turned on and off instantaneously to generate an arc, which affects the service life of the switch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a switching device, as shown in fig. 1, including a decoupling circuit 10, a relay switch 20, a protection circuit 30, a zero-crossing detection circuit 40, and a control unit 50, wherein the decoupling circuit 10 is configured to receive and decouple an ac power; the relay switch 20 includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a control terminal, wherein the input terminal of the relay switch 20 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the decoupling circuit 10, and the output terminal of the relay switch 20 is electrically connected to a load; the protection circuit 30 is connected in parallel with the relay switch 20, the protection circuit 30 is used for limiting and discharging an arc generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch 20, and the conducting voltage of the protection circuit is larger than the alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit 40 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the ac power and output a detection result; the control unit 50 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the zero-crossing detection circuit 40 and the control terminal of the relay switch 20, and the control unit 50 is configured to receive a switch control command and the detection result, and control the switching state of the relay switch 20 according to the switch control command and the detection result.
The switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit decouples alternating current of alternating current; the relay switch is electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load respectively and is used for executing switching action; the zero-crossing detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of the zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch, and limiting and discharging the electric arc when the electric arc is generated by switching on and switching off the relay switch. According to the switching device, the relay switch is basically switched on and off in the zero crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is low when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when an electric arc is generated, the electric arc is limited and discharged through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arc to the switching device is relieved, and the service life of the switching device is prolonged. And the switching device filters the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, so that the performance of the switching device is ensured to be good.
The alternating current is commercial power.
In order to further ensure that the arc generated by the switching device is substantially suppressed during operation of the switching device, and further ensure that the switching device has a long service life, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the relay switch 20 includes a first switching circuit 200 and a second switching circuit 201, the first switching circuit 200 includes a first relay JDQ1, the first relay JDQ1 includes a first input circuit 202, the second switching circuit 201 includes a second relay JDQ2, the second relay JDQ2 includes a second input circuit 204, a first terminal of the first input circuit 202 is electrically connected to an output terminal of the decoupling circuit 10, a second terminal of the first input circuit 202 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second input circuit 204, the second input circuit 204 is electrically connected to the second input circuit 300, the second terminal of the second switching circuit is electrically connected to the load circuit 300 in parallel with the load, and the load circuit 301 is electrically connected to the load circuit 300 in parallel with the current-limiting circuit 300. Through setting up two switching circuits of establishing ties to and voltage bleeder circuit and the current limiter circuit of establishing ties, wherein, above-mentioned voltage bleeder circuit can carry out voltage limiting detection and the protection of releasing for the circuit that produces the switching in-process, above-mentioned current limiter circuit can delay the switching action for the electric current gradual change of circuit has further guaranteed like this that the electric arc that produces is less, thereby guaranteed that the influence of terminal load or alternating current's size to above-mentioned switching device is less, thereby further guaranteed that the electric arc is basically limited in voltage and the release when switching device break-make.
Specifically, when the switching device is turned from an off state to an on state, the current limiter circuit starts to limit current, the control unit firstly controls the first switching circuit to be closed (opened) when alternating current crosses zero, the first switching circuit is limited to be in a low-voltage and low-current state by the current limiter module, the voltage discharging sub-circuit is synchronized to discharge an arc generated when the first switching circuit is closed, the switching device is in a current limiting output state, then the control unit is used for controlling the second switching circuit to start when alternating current crosses zero, at the moment, the whole switching device can output larger current, and the current limiter sub-circuit is synchronized to discharge and protect the second switching circuit. When the switching device is switched from an on state to an off state, the control unit firstly controls the second switching circuit to be turned off when the alternating current crosses zero, the current limiter circuit performs discharge protection on the second switching circuit, after the second switching circuit is turned off, the current limiter circuit limits large current output and divides the voltage to enable the first switching circuit to be in a low-voltage state, and then the control unit controls the first switching circuit to be turned off when the alternating current crosses zero, and the voltage bleeder circuit performs voltage limiting bleeder protection on an electric arc generated by the first switching circuit when the voltage bleeder circuit is turned off. And because the on voltage of the voltage bleeder circuit is greater than the alternating current, no current passes through the switching device when the first switching circuit and/or the second switching circuit is in an off state.
In another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the first relay JDQ1 further includes a first output loop 203, the first switching circuit further includes a first switching tube D4, a second switching tube Q1, a first voltage dividing element R11, and a second voltage dividing element R13, where a first end of the first switching tube D4 is electrically connected to a first end of the first output loop 203, and a first end of the first switching tube D4 is further used for being electrically connected to an external power supply; the second switching tube Q1 includes three terminals, a first end of the second switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to a second end of the first switching tube D4, and a second end of the second switching tube Q1 is grounded; a first end of the first voltage dividing element R11 is electrically connected to a third end of the second switching tube Q1, and a second end of the first voltage dividing element R11 is electrically connected to a pin read 1 of the control unit; a first end of the second voltage dividing element R13 is electrically connected to a third end of the second switching tube Q1 and a first end of the first voltage dividing element R11, respectively, and a second end of the second voltage dividing element R13 is grounded. The control unit controls the switching state of the first switching circuit by controlling the switching state of the second switching transistor.
In yet another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the second relay JDQ2 further includes a second output loop 205, the second switching circuit further includes a third switching tube D5, a fourth switching tube Q2, a fourth voltage dividing element R12, and a fifth voltage dividing element R14, where a first end of the third switching tube D5 is electrically connected to a first end of the second output loop 205, and a first end of the third switching tube D5 is further used for being electrically connected to an external power supply; the fourth switching tube Q2 includes three terminals, a first end of the fourth switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to a second end of the third switching tube D5, and a second end of the fourth switching tube Q2 is grounded; a first end of the fourth voltage dividing element R12 is electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switching tube Q2, and a second end of the fourth voltage dividing element R12 is electrically connected to the pin read 2 of the control unit; the first end of the fifth voltage dividing element R14 is electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switching tube Q2 and the first end of the fourth voltage dividing element R12, respectively, and the second end of the fifth voltage dividing element R14 is grounded. The control unit controls the switching state of the second switching circuit by controlling the switching state of the fourth switching tube.
In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first switching tube D4 is a first diode, the second switching tube Q1 is a first triode, the third switching tube D5 is a second diode, the fourth switching tube Q2 is a second triode, the first voltage dividing element R11 is a first resistor, the second voltage dividing element R13 is a second resistor, the fourth voltage dividing element R12 is a fourth resistor, and the fifth voltage dividing element R14 is a fifth resistor. The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected with the external power supply, and the anode of the first diode is electrically connected with the first end of the first output loop; the base of the first triode is a third end of the second switching tube, the collector of the first triode is a first end of the second switching tube, and the emitter of the first triode is a second end of the second switching tube; the anode of the second diode is electrically connected with the first end of the second output loop, and the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected with the external power supply; the base of the second triode is the third end of the fourth switching tube, the collector of the second triode is the first end of the fourth switching tube, and the emitter of the second triode is the second end of the fourth switching tube.
In the practical application process, the voltage bleeder circuit can be any feasible voltage clamping bleeder circuit in the prior art, and the current limiter circuit can also be any feasible current limiter circuit in the prior art, so that a person skilled in the art can flexibly select the voltage bleeder circuit and the current limiter circuit according to practical situations. In a specific embodiment, the voltage bleeding sub-circuit includes a varistor and/or a TVS tube, and the current limiter sub-circuit includes a third voltage dividing element. In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the voltage-bleeding sub-circuit is a varistor RV2, the current limiter circuit is the third voltage dividing element R31, and the third voltage dividing element R31 is a third resistor.
In the practical application process, the alternating current is the commercial power (220V), and the on voltage of the piezoresistor and the TVS tube is generally set to 300V.
According to still another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, 3 to 5, the ZERO-crossing detection circuit 40 includes a first sub-detection circuit 400 and a second sub-detection circuit 401, where the first sub-detection circuit 400 includes a first optocoupler U3, the first optocoupler U3 includes a first light emitter and a first light receiver, two ends of the first light emitter are respectively electrically connected to the input end of the decoupling circuit 10, a first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected to a pin ZERO1 of the control unit, and a second end of the first light receiver is grounded; the second sub-detection circuit 401 includes a second optical coupler U4, the second optical coupler includes a second light emitter and a second light receiver, a first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected to a second end of the second input circuit 204, a second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected to an output end of the decoupling circuit 10, a first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected to a pin ZERO2 of the control unit, and a second end of the second light receiver is grounded. The zero-crossing detection circuit detects the voltage signal of the mains supply input end before decoupling through the first sub-detection circuit, detects the voltage signal of the mains supply output end after the relay switch through the second sub-detection circuit, and the control unit calculates the voltage zero point according to the two voltage signals. The photoelectric isolation device is used for detecting the zero crossing signal, so that the detection result of the zero crossing signal is further ensured to be accurate, the control unit is further ensured to basically control the relay switch to act when the voltage is zero, and the generated electric arc is further ensured to be smaller.
Specifically, the first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit may be the same or different. The first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit may be any suitable zero-crossing detection circuit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may flexibly set the first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit according to actual requirements. In still another specific embodiment of the present application, the first sub-detection circuit further includes a sixth resistor R16, a seventh resistor R17, an eighth resistor R18, a ninth resistor R15, a first capacitor C10, and a third diode D6, and the connection relationship thereof is shown in fig. 4. The second sub-detection circuit further includes a tenth resistor R20, an eleventh resistor R21, a twelfth resistor R22, a thirteenth resistor R19, a second capacitor C11, and a fourth diode D7, and their connection relationships are shown in fig. 5.
According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the control unit includes a light emitting device LED and a single chip microcomputer U1, where a first end of the light emitting device LED is grounded; the singlechip U1 is electrically connected with the relay switch, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the light emitting device respectively, and the singlechip U1 is used for controlling the switching state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switching state of the light emitting device LED according to the switching state of the relay switch. Therefore, whether the relay switch is conducted or not is displayed through the bright state and the non-bright state of the light-emitting device, and a user can know the switch state of the switch device conveniently.
In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the single chip U1 includes 8 pins, i.e., pin read 1, pin read 2, pin ZERO1, pin ZERO2, pin 1, pin 8, pin 5, and pin 6, the control unit further includes a third capacitor C6, a sixth voltage dividing element R8, a seventh voltage dividing element R10, and a contact KEY, two ends of the third capacitor C6 are respectively connected to the pin 1 and the pin 8, the pin 1 is further used for connecting an external power supply, the pin 8 is further used for connecting a control terminal of the first switching circuit and a control terminal of the second switching circuit, the pin ZERO1 and the pin ZERO2 are respectively connected to an output terminal of the first sub-detection circuit and an output terminal of the second sub-detection circuit, the pin 6 is respectively connected to the pin 1 and the pin 8, the pin 1 is further used for connecting a control terminal of the first sub-detection circuit to the first voltage dividing element R8, the pin read 1 and the pin 2 is further connected to a control terminal of the second sub-detection circuit to the second sub-detection circuit, the first terminal of the first sub-detection circuit is connected to the first voltage dividing element R8, and the second terminal of the first sub-detection element is connected to the second terminal of the second sub-detection circuit is sequentially connected to the LED 10, and the LED is connected to the first terminal of the light emitting element is connected to the second terminal.
In an actual application process, as shown in fig. 1, the switching device further includes a power supply circuit 60, an input end of the power supply circuit 60 is electrically connected to an output end of the decoupling circuit 10, an output end of the power supply circuit 60 is electrically connected to the zero-crossing detection circuit 40 and the control unit 50, the power supply circuit 60 is configured to convert the decoupled ac power into dc power, and a voltage of the dc power is smaller than a voltage of the ac power. The power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit.
In a specific embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a resistor Rong Jiangya sub-circuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout linear regulator. Of course, the power supply circuit is not limited to the above circuit, and the power supply circuit may be any voltage-reducing ac/dc conversion circuit that is feasible in the prior art, for example, a resistor analysis method may be used to implement the function of the power supply circuit. The present application shows a power supply circuit configuration diagram as shown in fig. 7. In addition, the decoupling circuit of the present application may be any decoupling circuit available in the prior art, and a structure diagram of the decoupling circuit is shown in fig. 8.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an electrical consumer comprising any of the switching devices described above.
The electric appliance comprises any one of the switching devices, the switching device ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is low when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when an electric arc is generated, the electric arc is limited and discharged through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arc to the switching device is relieved, and the service life of the switching device is long. And the switching device filters the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, so that the performance of the switching device is ensured to be good.
In the practical application process, the electrical appliance can be a socket or a charging pile which needs to be controlled by an electronic switch, and of course, the electrical appliance can also be other electrical appliances with the switch device, which are not described herein.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) The switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit decouples alternating current; the relay switch is electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load respectively and is used for executing switching action; the zero-crossing detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of the zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch, and limiting and discharging the electric arc when the electric arc is generated by switching on and switching off the relay switch. According to the switching device, the relay switch is basically switched on and off in the zero crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is low when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when an electric arc is generated, the electric arc is limited and discharged through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arc to the switching device is relieved, and the service life of the switching device is prolonged. And the switching device filters the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, so that the performance of the switching device is ensured to be good.
2) The electric appliance comprises any one of the switching devices, the switching device ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is low when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when an electric arc is generated, the electric arc is limited and discharged through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arc to the switching device is relieved, and the service life of the switching device is long. And the switching device filters the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, so that the performance of the switching device is ensured to be good.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A switching device, comprising:
the decoupling circuit is used for receiving alternating current and decoupling the alternating current;
the relay switch comprises an input end, an output end and a control end, wherein the input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for being electrically connected with a load;
the protection circuit is connected with the relay switch in parallel, is used for limiting and discharging an arc generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch, and has a conduction voltage larger than the alternating current;
the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and outputting a detection result;
the control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control end of the relay switch, and is used for receiving a switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result,
the relay switch comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, the first switch circuit comprises a first relay, the first relay comprises a first input loop, the second switch circuit comprises a second relay, the second relay comprises a second input loop, a first end of the first input loop is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, a second end of the first input loop is electrically connected with a first end of the second input loop, a second end of the second input loop is electrically connected with the load,
the protection circuit comprises a voltage release sub-circuit and a current limiter sub-circuit, wherein the voltage release sub-circuit is connected with the first input loop in parallel, the conduction voltage of the voltage release sub-circuit is larger than that of the alternating current, and the current limiter sub-circuit is connected with the second input loop in parallel.
2. The switching device of claim 1, wherein the first relay further comprises a first output loop, the first switching circuit further comprising:
the first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected with the first end of the first output loop, and the first end of the first switch tube is also used for being electrically connected with an external power supply;
the first end of the second switching tube is electrically connected with the second end of the first switching tube, and the second end of the second switching tube is grounded;
the first end of the first voltage dividing element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switching tube, and the second end of the first voltage dividing element is electrically connected with the control unit;
the first end of the second voltage division element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switching tube and the first end of the first voltage division element respectively, and the second end of the second voltage division element is grounded.
3. The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage bleeding sub-circuit comprises a varistor and/or a TVS tube.
4. The switching device of claim 1, wherein the current limiter circuit comprises a third voltage dividing element.
5. The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the zero-crossing detection circuit includes:
the first sub-detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler, the first optical coupler comprises a first light emitter and a first light receiver, two ends of the first light emitter are respectively and electrically connected with the input end of the decoupling circuit, the first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second end of the first light receiver is grounded;
the second sub-detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler, the second optical coupler comprises a second light emitter and a second light receiver, the first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with the second end of the second input loop, the second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, the first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second end of the second light receiver is grounded.
6. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit comprises:
a light emitting device, a first end of the light emitting device being grounded;
the singlechip is electrically connected with the relay switch, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the light-emitting device respectively, and is used for controlling the switching state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switching state of the light-emitting device according to the switching state of the relay switch.
7. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
the input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, the output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit respectively, and the power supply circuit is used for converting the decoupled alternating current into direct current, and the voltage of the direct current is smaller than that of the alternating current.
8. The switching device of claim 7, wherein the power supply circuit comprises a resistor Rong Jiangya subcircuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout linear regulator.
9. An electrical appliance comprising a switching device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202111075656.6A CN113791342B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Switching device and electric appliance |
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| CN202111075656.6A CN113791342B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Switching device and electric appliance |
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| CN113791342A CN113791342A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CN113791342B true CN113791342B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN113791342A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
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