CN113791342A - Switching devices and electrical appliances - Google Patents
Switching devices and electrical appliances Download PDFInfo
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- CN113791342A CN113791342A CN202111075656.6A CN202111075656A CN113791342A CN 113791342 A CN113791342 A CN 113791342A CN 202111075656 A CN202111075656 A CN 202111075656A CN 113791342 A CN113791342 A CN 113791342A
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- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
- G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种开关器件以及用电器，该开关器件包括退耦电路、继电器开关、保护电路、过零检测电路以及控制单元，其中，退耦电路用于接收交流电，并对交流电退耦；继电器开关的输入端与退耦电路的输出端电连接，继电器开关的输出端用于与负载电连接；保护电路与继电器开关并联，保护电路用于对继电器开关的开关状态变化过程产生的电弧进行限制和泄放，且保护电路的导通电压大于交流电；过零检测电路用于对交流电进行过零检测，并输出检测结果；控制单元与过零检测电路的输出端以及继电器开关的控制端分别电连接，控制单元用于接收开关控制指令以及检测结果，并根据开关控制指令以及检测结果控制继电器开关的开关状态。
The application provides a switching device and an electrical appliance, the switching device includes a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit, and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit is used for receiving alternating current and decoupling the alternating current; The input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for electrical connection with the load; the protection circuit is connected in parallel with the relay switch, and the protection circuit is used for the arc generated by the switching state change process of the relay switch. Limit and discharge, and the on-voltage of the protection circuit is greater than the alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit is used to detect the zero-crossing of the alternating current and output the detection result; the output terminal of the control unit and the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control terminal of the relay switch are respectively Electrically connected, the control unit is configured to receive the switch control instruction and the detection result, and control the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of switches, in particular to a switch device and an electrical appliance.
Background
No matter a mechanical switch or an electronic switch, the core is a contact, the contact capability influences the service life of the switch, the mechanical service life of the switch is very long, but the switch is influenced by voltage current after being electrified, and the electrical service life of the switch is far shorter than the mechanical service life.
At the moment of switching on and switching off, the voltage between the switches suddenly changes, so that electric arcs are generated at the intervals of the switch electrodes, and the load types after switching on and off are further influenced, such as discharge of capacitive loads, reverse electromotive force of a motor and the like, so that the electric arcs are more easily generated at the moment of switching on and switching off the switches.
In the prior art, the alternating current switch detects the zero phase of the alternating current, detects the actuation time of the relay, calculates the actuation time of the compensation relay, and orders the relay switch to be actuated at the zero phase instantly, so that the instant voltage is actuated at the zero-crossing state during switching, the voltage is relatively lowest at the zero phase, and the purposes of switching arc extinction and prolonging the electrical service life of the switch are achieved. However, the pull-in time of the relay is detected for control compensation, the detected pull-in time is of the past type, and the pull-in time of the relay is not fixed every time, so that the electric arc suppression effect is poor.
Therefore, how to suppress the generation of the arc to ensure the electrical life of the switch is a problem that needs to be solved in the prior art.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the technology described herein and, therefore, certain information may be included in the background that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The main aim at of this application provides a switching device and uses electrical apparatus to solve among the prior art switch break-make and produce electric arc in the twinkling of an eye, influence switch life's problem.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a switching device including a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-cross detection circuit, and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit is configured to receive an alternating current and decouple the alternating current; the input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for being electrically connected with a load; the protection circuit is connected with the relay switch in parallel, the protection circuit is used for limiting and releasing electric arcs generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch, and the conduction voltage of the protection circuit is greater than the alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and outputting a detection result; the control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control end of the relay switch respectively, and is used for receiving a switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result.
Optionally, the relay switch comprises a first switch circuit comprising a first relay and a second switch circuit, the first relay includes a first input loop, the second switching circuit includes a second relay, the second relay comprises a second input loop, a first end of the first input loop is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, the second end of the first input loop is electrically connected with the first end of the second input loop, the second end of the second input loop is used for being electrically connected with the load, the protection circuit includes a voltage bleed sub-circuit in parallel with the first input loop and a current limit sub-circuit, the conducting voltage of the voltage bleeder sub-circuit is larger than the alternating current, and the current limiting sub-circuit is connected with the second input loop in parallel.
Optionally, the first relay further includes a first output circuit, and the first switching circuit further includes a first switching tube, a second switching tube, a first voltage dividing element, and a second voltage dividing element, where a first end of the first switching tube is electrically connected to a first end of the first output circuit, and the first end of the first switching tube is further configured to be electrically connected to an external power supply; the second switch tube comprises three terminals, the first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected with the second end of the first switch tube, and the second end of the second switch tube is grounded; the first end of the first voltage division element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switch tube, and the second end of the first voltage division element is electrically connected with the control unit; the first end of the second voltage division element is electrically connected with the third end of the second switch tube and the first end of the first voltage division element respectively, and the second end of the second voltage division element is grounded.
Optionally, the voltage bleeding sub-circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor and/or a TVS tube.
Optionally, the current limiting sub-circuit comprises a third voltage dividing element.
Optionally, the zero-crossing detection circuit includes a first sub-detection circuit and a second sub-detection circuit, wherein the first sub-detection circuit includes a first optical coupler, the first optical coupler includes a first light emitter and a first light receiver, two ends of the first light emitter are respectively electrically connected to the input end of the decoupling circuit, a first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected to the control unit, and a second end of the first light receiver is grounded; the second sub-detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler, the second optical coupler comprises a second light emitter and a second light receiver, a first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with a second end of the second input loop, a second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, a first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and a second end of the second light receiver is grounded.
Optionally, the control unit includes a light emitting device and a single chip, and a first end of the light emitting device is grounded; the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the relay switch, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the light-emitting device respectively, and is used for controlling the on-off state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the on-off state of the light-emitting device according to the on-off state of the relay switch.
Optionally, the switching device further includes a power supply circuit, an input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to an output end of the decoupling circuit, an output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit, respectively, the power supply circuit is configured to convert the decoupled alternating current into a direct current, and a voltage of the direct current is smaller than a voltage of the alternating current.
Optionally, the power supply circuit includes a resistance-capacitance voltage reduction sub-circuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout regulator.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electrical appliance including any one of the switching devices.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the switch device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit decouples alternating current of alternating current; the relay switch is respectively electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load and is used for executing switching action; the zero-crossing detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of a zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch and limiting and releasing electric arcs when the relay switch is switched on and switched off to generate the electric arcs. The switching device ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero-crossing state through the control unit, ensures that the voltage is lower when the relay switch is switched on and off, and limits and releases the electric arc through the protection circuit when the electric arc is generated, so that the damage of the electric arc to the switching device is relieved, and the service life of the switching device is ensured to be longer. In addition, the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current is filtered by the switching device through the decoupling circuit, and the good performance of the switching device is guaranteed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a switching device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first switching circuit and a voltage bleeding sub-circuit according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a second switching circuit and a current limiting sub-circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first sub-detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second sub-detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a decoupling circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a decoupling circuit; 20. a relay switch; 30. a protection circuit; 40. a zero-crossing detection circuit; 50. a control unit; 60. a power supply circuit; 200. a first switching circuit; 201. a second switching circuit; 202. a first input loop; 203. a first output loop; 204. a second input loop; 205. a second output loop; 300. a voltage bleed sub-circuit; 301. a current limiting sub-circuit; 400. a first sub-detection circuit; 401. a second sub-detection circuit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, an arc is generated instantaneously when a switch is turned on and off, which affects the service life of the switch.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided a switching device, as shown in fig. 1, including a decoupling circuit 10, a relay switch 20, a protection circuit 30, a zero-cross detection circuit 40, and a control unit 50, wherein the decoupling circuit 10 is configured to receive an alternating current and decouple the alternating current; the relay switch 20 includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a control terminal, the input terminal of the relay switch 20 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the decoupling circuit 10, and the output terminal of the relay switch 20 is electrically connected to a load; the protection circuit 30 is connected in parallel with the relay switch 20, the protection circuit 30 is used for limiting and discharging an arc generated in a switching state change process of the relay switch 20, and an on-state voltage of the protection circuit is greater than the alternating current; the zero-crossing detection circuit 40 is configured to perform zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and output a detection result; the control unit 50 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the zero-cross detection circuit 40 and the control terminal of the relay switch 20, and the control unit 50 is configured to receive a switch control command and the detection result and control the switching state of the relay switch 20 according to the switch control command and the detection result.
The switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit is used for decoupling alternating current of alternating current; the relay switch is respectively electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load and is used for executing switching action; the zero-cross detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of a zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch and limiting and releasing electric arcs when the relay switch is switched on and switched off to generate the electric arcs. According to the switch device, the control unit ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero-crossing state, the voltage is lower when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when electric arcs are generated, the electric arcs are limited and released through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arcs to the switch device is relieved, and the service life of the switch device is longer. And the switch device filters out the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, and the good performance of the switch device is ensured.
Note that the ac power is commercial power.
In practical applications, in order to further ensure that the arc generated by the switching device is substantially suppressed during the operation of the switching device, and thus further ensure that the service life of the switching device is long, in this case, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the relay switch 20 includes a first switching circuit 200 and a second switching circuit 201, the first switching circuit 200 includes a first relay JDQ1, the first relay JDQ1 includes a first input loop 202, the second switching circuit 201 includes a second relay JDQ2, the second relay q2 includes a second input loop 204, a first end of the first input loop 202 is electrically connected to the output end of the decoupling circuit 10, the second end of the first input circuit 202 is electrically connected to the first end of the second input circuit 204, the second end of the second input circuit 204 is electrically connected to the load, the protection circuit 30 includes a voltage bleeder circuit 300 and a current limiting sub-circuit 301, the voltage bleeder circuit 300 is connected in parallel to the first input circuit 202, the turn-on voltage of the voltage bleeder circuit is greater than the alternating current, and the current limiting sub-circuit 301 is connected in parallel to the second input circuit 204. By arranging the two switch circuits connected in series, and the voltage bleeder sub-circuit and the current limiting sub-circuit connected in series, wherein the voltage bleeder sub-circuit can perform voltage limiting detection and bleeder protection on a circuit generated in a switching process, and the current limiting sub-circuit can delay the switching action to gradually change the current of the circuit, so that the generated electric arc is further ensured to be smaller, the influence of the terminal load or the alternating current on the switch device is ensured to be smaller, and the electric arc is further ensured to be basically limited in voltage and discharged when the switch device is switched on and switched off.
Specifically, when the switching device is switched from an off state to an on state, the current limiting sub-circuit starts current limiting, the control unit first controls the first switching circuit to be closed (opened) when the alternating current crosses zero, the first switching circuit is limited by the current limiting module to be in a low-voltage low-current state, the voltage bleeding sub-circuit is synchronized to bleed the arc generated when the first switching circuit is closed, the switching device is in a current-limiting output state, and then the control unit controls the second switching circuit to be started when the alternating current crosses zero, at this time, the whole switching device can output a large current, and the current limiting sub-circuit is synchronized to start the second switching circuit to perform discharge protection. When the switch device is switched from an on state to an off state, the control unit firstly controls the second switch circuit to be turned off when the alternating current crosses zero, the current limiting sub-circuit performs discharge protection on the second switch circuit, after the second switch circuit is turned off, the current limiting sub-circuit limits large current output and divides voltage to enable the first switch circuit to be in a low-voltage state, then the control unit controls the first switch circuit to be turned off when the alternating current crosses zero, and the voltage discharging sub-circuit performs voltage-limiting discharge protection on an electric arc generated by the first switch circuit when the first switch circuit is turned off. And since the on-voltage of the voltage bleeding sub-circuit is greater than the alternating current, the switching device does not pass a current in a state where the first switching circuit and/or the second switching circuit is turned off.
In another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the first relay JDQ1 further includes a first output circuit 203, and the first switch circuit further includes a first switch tube D4, a second switch tube Q1, a first voltage dividing element R11, and a second voltage dividing element R13, wherein a first end of the first switch tube D4 is electrically connected to a first end of the first output circuit 203, and a first end of the first switch tube D4 is further used for electrically connecting to an external power supply; the second switch Q1 comprises three terminals, a first terminal of the second switch Q1 is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first switch D4, and a second terminal of the second switch Q1 is grounded; a first terminal of the first voltage divider R11 is electrically connected to a third terminal of the second switch Q1, and a second terminal of the first voltage divider R11 is electrically connected to a pin real 1 of the control unit; a first end of the second voltage divider R13 is electrically connected to the third end of the second switching tube Q1 and the first end of the first voltage divider R11, respectively, and a second end of the second voltage divider R13 is grounded. The control unit controls the on-off state of the first switch circuit by controlling the on-off state of the second switch tube.
In another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the second relay JDQ2 further includes a second output circuit 205, the second switching circuit further includes a third switching tube D5, a fourth switching tube Q2, a fourth voltage dividing element R12 and a fifth voltage dividing element R14, wherein a first end of the third switching tube D5 is electrically connected to a first end of the second output circuit 205, and a first end of the third switching tube D5 is further used for electrically connecting to an external power source; the fourth switching transistor Q2 comprises three terminals, a first terminal of the fourth switching transistor Q2 is electrically connected to a second terminal of the third switching transistor D5, and a second terminal of the fourth switching transistor Q2 is grounded; a first terminal of the fourth voltage divider R12 is electrically connected to a third terminal of the fourth switching transistor Q2, and a second terminal of the fourth voltage divider R12 is electrically connected to a pin real 2 of the control unit; a first end of the fifth voltage divider R14 is electrically connected to the third end of the fourth switching tube Q2 and the first end of the fourth voltage divider R12, respectively, and a second end of the fifth voltage divider R14 is grounded. The control unit controls the switching state of the second switching circuit by controlling the switching state of the fourth switching tube.
In another specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first switching transistor D4 is a first diode, the second switching transistor Q1 is a first transistor, the third switching transistor D5 is a second diode, the fourth switching transistor Q2 is a second transistor, the first voltage dividing element R11 is a first resistor, the second voltage dividing element R13 is a second resistor, the fourth voltage dividing element R12 is a fourth resistor, and the fifth voltage dividing element R14 is a fifth resistor. A cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the external power source, and an anode of the first diode is electrically connected to a first end of the first output circuit; the base of the first triode is the third end of the second switch tube, the collector of the first triode is the first end of the second switch tube, and the emitter of the first triode is the second end of the second switch tube; an anode of the second diode is electrically connected to a first end of the second output circuit, and a cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the external power supply; the base electrode of the second triode is the third end of the fourth switch tube, the collector electrode of the second triode is the first end of the fourth switch tube, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is the second end of the fourth switch tube.
In an actual application process, the voltage bleeding sub-circuit may be any feasible voltage clamping bleeding circuit in the prior art, and the current limiting sub-circuit may also be any feasible current limiting circuit in the prior art, and a person skilled in the art may flexibly select the voltage bleeding sub-circuit and the current limiting sub-circuit according to actual situations. In a specific embodiment, the voltage bleeder sub-circuit includes a voltage dependent resistor and/or a TVS transistor, and the current limiting sub-circuit includes a third voltage dividing element. In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the voltage-bleeding sub-circuit is a voltage dependent resistor RV2, the current-limiting sub-circuit is the third voltage-dividing element R31, and the third voltage-dividing element R31 is a third resistor.
In practical applications, the ac power is the commercial power (220V), and the voltage dependent resistor and the turn-on voltage of the TVS tube are generally set to 300V.
According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, 3 to 5, the ZERO-cross detection circuit 40 includes a first sub-detection circuit 400 and a second sub-detection circuit 401, wherein the first sub-detection circuit 400 includes a first photo coupler U3, the first photo coupler U3 includes a first light emitter and a first photo detector, two ends of the first light emitter are electrically connected to the input end of the decoupling circuit 10, a first end of the first photo detector is electrically connected to the pin ZERO1 of the control unit, and a second end of the first photo detector is grounded; the second sub-detection circuit 401 includes a second photo coupler U4, the second photo coupler includes a second light emitter and a second light receiver, a first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected to a second end of the second input circuit 204, a second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected to an output end of the decoupling circuit 10, a first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected to the pin ZERO2 of the control unit, and a second end of the second light receiver is grounded. The zero-crossing detection circuit detects a voltage signal of a commercial power input end before decoupling through the first sub-detection circuit, detects a voltage signal of a commercial power output end after the relay switch through the second sub-detection circuit, and the control unit calculates the voltage zero point according to the two voltage signals. The zero-crossing signal is detected by the photoelectric isolation device, so that the detection result of the zero-crossing signal is further ensured to be accurate, the control unit is further ensured to basically control the relay switch to act at the voltage zero point, and the generated electric arc is further ensured to be small.
Specifically, the first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit may be the same or different. The first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit may be any suitable zero-crossing detection circuit in the prior art, and those skilled in the art may flexibly set the first sub-detection circuit and the second sub-detection circuit according to actual requirements. In another specific embodiment of the present application, the first sub-detection circuit further includes a sixth resistor R16, a seventh resistor R17, an eighth resistor R18, a ninth resistor R15, a first capacitor C10, and a third diode D6, and the connection relationship is as shown in fig. 4. The second sub-detection circuit further includes a tenth resistor R20, an eleventh resistor R21, a twelfth resistor R22, a thirteenth resistor R19, a second capacitor C11, and a fourth diode D7, and the connection relationship is as shown in fig. 5.
According to another specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the control unit includes a light emitting device LED and a single chip microcomputer U1, wherein a first end of the light emitting device LED is grounded; the single chip U1 is electrically connected to the relay switch, the zero-cross detection circuit, and the light emitting device, and the single chip U1 is configured to control the on/off state of the relay switch according to the switch control command and the detection result, and control the on/off state of the light emitting device LED according to the on/off state of the relay switch. Thus, whether the relay switch is conducted or not is displayed by the brightness and the non-brightness of the light-emitting device, and a user can know the on-off state of the switch device conveniently.
In a more specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the single chip microcomputer U1 includes 8 pins, which are a pin real 1, a pin real 2, a pin ZERO1, a pin ZERO2, a pin 1, a pin 8, a pin 5, and a pin 6, the control unit further includes a third capacitor C6, a sixth voltage divider R8, a seventh voltage divider R10, and a contact KEY, two ends of the third capacitor C6 are respectively connected to the pin 1 and the pin 8, the pin 1 is further connected to an external power source, the pin 8 is further connected to ground, the pin real 1 and the pin real 2 are respectively connected to a control terminal of the first switch circuit and a control terminal of the second switch circuit, the pin ZERO1 and the pin ro ze 2 are respectively electrically connected to an output terminal of the first sub-detection circuit and an output terminal of the second sub-detection circuit, the pin 6 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the sixth voltage divider R8, a second terminal of the sixth voltage dividing element R8 is electrically connected to a first terminal of the contact KEY, a second terminal of the contact KEY is grounded, and the lead 5 is connected in series with the seventh voltage dividing element R10 and the light emitting device LED.
In a practical application process, as shown in fig. 1, the switching device further includes a power supply circuit 60, an input end of the power supply circuit 60 is electrically connected to an output end of the decoupling circuit 10, an output end of the power supply circuit 60 is electrically connected to the zero-cross detection circuit 40 and the control unit 50, respectively, and the power supply circuit 60 is configured to convert the decoupled alternating current into a direct current, where a voltage of the direct current is smaller than a voltage of the alternating current. The power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit.
In a specific embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a rc buck sub-circuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout regulator. Of course, the power supply circuit is not limited to the above circuit, and the power supply circuit may also be any feasible step-down ac/dc conversion circuit in the prior art, for example, the function of the power supply circuit is implemented by using a resistance analysis or the like. The present application shows a power supply circuit configuration diagram as shown in fig. 7. In addition, the decoupling circuit of the present application may be any feasible decoupling circuit in the prior art, and the present application provides a structure diagram of the decoupling circuit as shown in fig. 8.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an electrical consumer including any one of the above-described switching devices.
The electrical appliance comprises any one of the switch devices, the switch devices ensure that the relay switch is switched on and off basically in a zero-crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is lower when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when electric arcs are generated, the electric arcs are limited and released through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arcs to the switch devices is relieved, and the service life of the switch devices is prolonged. And the switch device filters out the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, and the good performance of the switch device is ensured.
In the practical application process, the electrical appliance can be a socket or a charging pile which needs to be controlled by an electronic switch, and certainly, other electrical appliances with the switch device can be provided, so that the details are not repeated.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) the switching device comprises a decoupling circuit, a relay switch, a protection circuit, a zero-crossing detection circuit and a control unit, wherein the decoupling circuit decouples alternating current; the relay switch is respectively electrically connected with the decoupling circuit and the load and is used for executing switching action; the zero-cross detection circuit detects a voltage zero point of the alternating current; the control unit is used for receiving a switch control instruction, receiving a detection result of a zero-crossing detection circuit and controlling the on-off of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result; the protection circuit is used for protecting the relay switch and limiting and releasing electric arcs when the relay switch is switched on and switched off to generate the electric arcs. According to the switch device, the control unit ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero-crossing state, the voltage is lower when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when electric arcs are generated, the electric arcs are limited and released through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arcs to the switch device is relieved, and the service life of the switch device is longer. And the switch device filters out the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, and the good performance of the switch device is ensured.
2) The electric appliance comprises any one of the switch devices, the switch device ensures that the relay switch is basically switched on and off in a zero-crossing state through the control unit, the voltage is lower when the relay switch is switched on and off, and when electric arcs are generated, the electric arcs are limited and released through the protection circuit, so that the damage of the electric arcs to the switch devices is relieved, and the service life of the switch device is prolonged. And the switch device filters out the voltage fluctuation of the alternating current through the decoupling circuit, and the good performance of the switch device is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A switching device, comprising:
the decoupling circuit is used for receiving alternating current and decoupling the alternating current;
the input end of the relay switch is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, and the output end of the relay switch is used for being electrically connected with a load;
the protection circuit is connected with the relay switch in parallel, the protection circuit is used for limiting and releasing electric arcs generated in the switching state change process of the relay switch, and the conduction voltage of the protection circuit is greater than the alternating current;
the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the alternating current and outputting a detection result;
and the control unit is electrically connected with the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control end of the relay switch respectively, and is used for receiving a switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the switch state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result.
2. The switching device of claim 1,
the relay switch comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit, the first switch circuit comprises a first relay, the first relay comprises a first input loop, the second switch circuit comprises a second relay, the second relay comprises a second input loop, a first end of the first input loop is electrically connected with an output end of the decoupling circuit, a second end of the first input loop is electrically connected with a first end of the second input loop, and a second end of the second input loop is used for being electrically connected with the load,
the protection circuit comprises a voltage bleeder sub-circuit and a current limiting sub-circuit, the voltage bleeder sub-circuit is connected with the first input loop in parallel, the conduction voltage of the voltage bleeder sub-circuit is greater than the alternating current, and the current limiting sub-circuit is connected with the second input loop in parallel.
3. The switching device of claim 2, wherein the first relay further comprises a first output loop, the first switching circuit further comprising:
the first end of the first switch tube is electrically connected with the first end of the first output loop, and the first end of the first switch tube is also used for being electrically connected with an external power supply;
the first end of the second switch tube is electrically connected with the second end of the first switch tube, and the second end of the second switch tube is grounded;
a first voltage division element, wherein a first end of the first voltage division element is electrically connected with a third end of the second switch tube, and a second end of the first voltage division element is electrically connected with the control unit;
and a first end of the second voltage division element is electrically connected with a third end of the second switch tube and a first end of the first voltage division element respectively, and a second end of the second voltage division element is grounded.
4. The switching device of claim 2, wherein the voltage bleed sub-circuit comprises a voltage dependent resistor and/or a TVS tube.
5. The switching device of claim 2, wherein the current limiting sub-circuit comprises a third voltage dividing element.
6. The switching device according to claim 2, wherein the zero-cross detection circuit comprises:
the first sub-detection circuit comprises a first optical coupler, the first optical coupler comprises a first light emitter and a first light receiver, two ends of the first light emitter are respectively and electrically connected with the input end of the decoupling circuit, the first end of the first light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second end of the first light receiver is grounded;
and the second sub-detection circuit comprises a second optical coupler, the second optical coupler comprises a second light emitter and a second light receiver, the first end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with the second end of the second input loop, the second end of the second light emitter is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, the first end of the second light receiver is electrically connected with the control unit, and the second end of the second light receiver is grounded.
7. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the control unit includes:
a light emitting device, a first end of which is grounded;
the single chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the relay switch, the zero-crossing detection circuit and the light-emitting device respectively, and is used for controlling the on-off state of the relay switch according to the switch control instruction and the detection result and controlling the on-off state of the light-emitting device according to the on-off state of the relay switch.
8. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:
the input end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the decoupling circuit, the output end of the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the zero-crossing detection circuit and the control unit respectively, the power supply circuit is used for converting the decoupled alternating current into direct current, and the voltage of the direct current is smaller than that of the alternating current.
9. The switching device of claim 8, wherein the power supply circuit comprises a RC buck sub-circuit, an isolated power supply, a non-isolated power supply, or a low dropout regulator.
10. An electrical consumer, characterized in that it comprises a switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111075656.6A CN113791342B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Switching device and electric appliance |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111075656.6A CN113791342B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Switching device and electric appliance |
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| CN113791342B CN113791342B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN113791342B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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