CN113790440A - Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner - Google Patents

Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113790440A
CN113790440A CN202111249342.3A CN202111249342A CN113790440A CN 113790440 A CN113790440 A CN 113790440A CN 202111249342 A CN202111249342 A CN 202111249342A CN 113790440 A CN113790440 A CN 113790440A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
guide plate
primary air
air nozzle
pulverized coal
adjusting
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202111249342.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨辉
杨珍
张宇博
沈植
张海龙
付龙龙
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111249342.3A priority Critical patent/CN113790440A/en
Publication of CN113790440A publication Critical patent/CN113790440A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23DBURNERS
    • F23D1/00Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner comprises a primary air nozzle, a first guide plate, a second guide plate, an adjusting arm, an adjusting ring and a connecting rod, wherein a first fixed hinge is arranged inside the primary air nozzle; the first guide plate and the second guide plate are connected with the first fixed hinge, and when the combustion tangent circle diameter of the boiler is adjusted, the first guide plate and the second guide plate rotate around the axial direction of the first fixed hinge; the adjusting arm and the adjusting ring are arranged outside the primary air nozzle; two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with one end of the first guide plate and one end of the second guide plate; the other end of first guide plate or second guide plate links to each other with the one end of regulating arm, the other end of regulating arm with the adjustable ring links to each other. The primary air nozzle solves the problems that coal quality of coal is changed and the diameter of a combustion tangent circle is not matched, prevents the problems of boiler slagging, high-temperature corrosion, steam temperature deviation, heating surface wall temperature overtemperature and the like in combustion, and improves combustion efficiency and equipment service life.

Description

Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal-fired power plant boilers, and particularly relates to a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner.
Background
Tangential firing and opposed firing are the mainstream combustion modes of coal-fired power station boilers. The direct-current burners are arranged on four corners or four walls of the hearth, when direct-current jet flows reach the central part of the hearth, the direct-current jets are converged in a tangent circle form, one side of pulverized coal airflow facing fire is directly impacted by high-temperature flame at an upstream adjacent corner to be ignited, and the four-corner jet flows are mutually supported to form rotary combustion flame; the cyclone burners arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler form rotary jet after leaving a burner nozzle, high-temperature smoke is sucked to form flame, and a single burner forms an independent torch.
The size of the diameter of a tangent circle in a tangent circle combustion mode influences the combustion stability of a boiler, the airflow adherence (high-temperature corrosion) and the slagging condition of the boiler, when the diameter of the tangent circle is larger, the flame of an upstream adjacent corner is close to the root of the airflow of downstream pulverized coal, the pulverized coal is easy to catch fire and burn off, but when the diameter of the tangent circle is larger, the flame is easy to brush the wall, the reducing atmosphere at the adherence position of a water-cooled wall of the boiler is stronger, the water-cooled wall faces the risks of high-temperature corrosion reduction and slagging, and when the diameter of the tangent circle is larger, the residual rotational momentum of the flame at the outlet of a hearth is larger, the deviation degree of the smoke temperature at the outlet of the hearth is increased, and the wall temperature of a high-temperature heating surface has the problem of overtemperature. When the tangent circle diameter is smaller, the flame of the upstream adjacent angle is close to the end of the downstream pulverized coal airflow, the support for pulverized coal ignition is poor, and the conditions of unstable combustion and poor pulverized coal burnout are easy to occur; when the diameter of the tangent circle is smaller, the heat absorption capacity of the water wall is reduced, and in addition, the pulverized coal is ignited and combusted and moves backwards, so that the smoke temperature at the outlet of the hearth is increased, and the operation safety of a high-temperature heating surface is influenced. Based on the above characteristics of the tangential circle combustion mode, when designing the virtual tangential circle diameter of the tangential circle combustion boiler with four corners, the appropriate virtual tangential circle diameter should be determined according to the coal quality characteristics, and for flammable and easy-to-slag coal types, the coal quality per se has good ignition and burnout performance, so the virtual tangential circle diameter should be as small as possible, and for non-flammable and difficult-to-slag coal types, the ignition stability of the coal quality should be considered, so the virtual tangential circle diameter should be designed to be appropriately large.
The coal-fired power plant boiler is designed according to the designed coal type and the checked coal type, after the capacity and the coal type of a unit are determined, the size of the tangential circle combustion boiler, the installation position and the angle of a burner are determined, and the corresponding diameter of the imaginary tangential circle is correspondingly determined. However, the coal quality of the coal-fired power station boiler is changed greatly, and the deviation of the coal quality of the boiler is larger than that of the designed coal due to the blending combustion of the coal, so that the problems of boiler slagging, high-temperature corrosion of a water-cooled wall, poor ignition stability of coal powder, over-temperature of a high-temperature heating surface and the like occur in the actual combustion. In order to solve the problem that the actual coal quality entering the boiler is not matched with the designed virtual tangent circle diameter, some power plants develop technical transformation for adjusting the installation angle of a burner and changing the virtual tangent circle diameter, but because the change of the coal quality entering the boiler has uncertainty, the newly replaced coal quality still has the situation of not matching with the designed tangent circle diameter of the boiler, so that the unsafe combustion problem is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner, so that the diameter of a combustion tangent circle can be adjusted on line according to the change of the actual coal quality entering a furnace, the problem that the coal quality change is not matched with the diameter of the combustion tangent circle is solved, and the flexibility of the combustion adjustment of the coal quality entering the furnace is realized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner comprises a primary air nozzle, a first guide plate, a second guide plate, an adjusting arm, an adjusting ring and a connecting rod, wherein a first fixed hinge is arranged inside the primary air nozzle;
the first guide plate and the second guide plate are connected with a first fixed hinge, and when the combustion tangent diameter of the boiler is adjusted, the first guide plate and the second guide plate rotate around the axial direction of the first fixed hinge;
the adjusting arm and the adjusting ring are arranged outside the primary air nozzle;
two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected with one end of the first guide plate and one end of the second guide plate;
the other end of first guide plate or second guide plate links to each other with the one end of regulating arm, the other end of regulating arm with the adjustable ring links to each other.
Preferably, two ends of the connecting rod are provided with second fixed hinges, and one ends of the first guide plate and the second guide plate are respectively connected with the second fixed hinges.
Preferably, the primary air nozzle comprises a bottom plate, and gaps are formed between the first guide plate and the bottom plate and between the second guide plate and the bottom plate.
Preferably, the primary air nozzle comprises a top plate, the first fixed hinge is arranged on the inner wall of the top plate, and the adjusting arm and the adjusting ring are arranged on the outer wall of the top plate.
Preferably, the first baffle and the second baffle are both arranged perpendicular to the top plate.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the top plate, and the adjusting arm penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with the first guide plate or the second guide plate.
Preferably, the adjusting arm comprises a bending part, a first connecting part and a second connecting part which are connected in sequence; the free end of the bent part is fixedly connected with the first guide plate or the second guide plate; the free end of second connecting portion is equipped with the fixed pin, the fixed pin can be dismantled with the adjustable ring and be connected.
Preferably, a plurality of fixing holes are formed in the adjusting ring at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the fixing pins are detachably connected with the fixing holes.
Preferably, after the adjusting arm is connected with the first guide plate or the second guide plate, the adjusting arm and the first guide plate or the second guide plate are provided with an overlapping part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner, wherein a guide plate capable of rotating on line is arranged in the primary air nozzle, the angle between the guide plate and pulverized coal airflow is synchronously adjusted on line based on the double-rocker motion principle, the pulverized coal airflow deflects after flowing through the guide plate, the reasonable combustion tangent circle diameter can be adjusted on line according to the change of the actual coal quality entering a furnace, the problem that the coal quality change and the combustion tangent circle diameter are not matched is solved, the problems of boiler slagging, high-temperature corrosion, steam temperature deviation, heating surface wall temperature overtemperature and the like in combustion are prevented, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
Furthermore, the arrangement of the second fixed hinge enables the synchronous adjustment of the first guide plate and the second guide plate to be more convenient.
Further, a gap is formed between the first guide plate and the bottom plate and between the second guide plate and the bottom plate, so that the problems of jamming, blocked expansion of the guide plates and the like when the first guide plate and the second guide plate rotate can be effectively prevented.
Furthermore, a first fixed hinge is arranged on the inner wall of the top plate, and an adjusting arm and an adjusting ring are arranged on the outer wall of the top plate, so that the adjusting process is more convenient.
Furthermore, first guide plate and second guide plate all are perpendicular to the roof setting, can fully adjust the air current of once wind spout to the flow.
Furthermore, the arrangement of the bending part and the fixing pin enables the adjusting arm to be connected with the guide plate and the adjusting ring more conveniently.
Furthermore, the fixing holes enable the adjusting arms to be more convenient to fix after the adjusting arms are well adjusted.
Furthermore, after the adjusting arm is connected with the first guide plate or the second guide plate, the adjusting arm and the first guide plate or the second guide plate are provided with an overlapping part. The arrangement of the overlapping part enables the connection between the adjusting arm and the first guide plate or the second guide plate to be firmer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a primary air nozzle with a first deflector vane in a vertical position according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a primary air nozzle with a first deflector vane at +8 ° in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left side view of a primary air jet in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a primary air nozzle in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, the primary air nozzle 1, the top plate 11, the bottom plate 12, the left side plate 13, the right side plate 14, the first guide plate 21,
the air-conditioning system comprises a second guide plate 22, an adjusting arm 3, a bent part 31, a first connecting part 32, a second connecting part 33, a fixing pin 34, an adjusting ring 4, a fixing hole 41, a first fixing hinge 51, a first fixing hinge 52, a connecting rod 6 and a fuel air nozzle 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The imaginary tangential diameter of the burner is important for boilers using tangential firing. When the traditional tangential circle combustion boiler is designed, the proper assumed tangential circle diameter of the combustor is determined according to the coal quality characteristics of coal. For coal types with poor ignition characteristics, the diameter of an imaginary tangent circle of the burner is designed to be relatively large, and the upstream flame can reach the root of the downstream pulverized coal airflow so as to provide heat required by ignition of the pulverized coal; for coal types with better ignition characteristics but easy slagging, the design of the diameter of the supposed tangent circle of the burner is relatively smaller, so that the condition that the wall is brushed by pulverized coal flame due to the larger diameter of the tangent circle can be avoided, and the slagging of the boiler is prevented.
Except for coal-electricity integrated power stations or pithead power stations, domestic coal-fired power stations can burn less designed coal types, and most power stations are deviated from designed coal types in order to reduce fuel cost along with the change of coal markets. In order to ensure the combustion safety of the boiler after the coal quality is changed, the invention designs a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner based on the principle of a double-rocker mechanism, a guide plate which can rotate on line is arranged in the primary air nozzle of the burner, and the rotating angle of the guide plate can be adjusted properly according to the characteristics of the coal entering the boiler. When pulverized coal airflow flows through the guide plate through the primary air nozzle during operation of the boiler, the airflow jet angle deflects, and the tangent circle diameter of the burner changes.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner comprises a primary air nozzle 1, a first guide plate 21, a second guide plate 22, an adjusting arm 3, an adjusting ring 4 and a connecting rod 6. The primary air nozzle 1 comprises a nozzle with a rectangular or square cross section, which is formed by a top plate 11, a bottom plate 12, a left side plate 13 and a right side plate 14, and the periphery of the primary air nozzle 1 is provided with fuel air nozzles 7. The inner wall of the top plate 11 is provided with a first fixed hinge 51; the first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate 22 are connected with the first fixed hinge 51, and when the boiler combustion tangent circle diameter is adjusted, the first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate 22 rotate around the axial direction of the first fixed hinge 51, so that the adjustment of the pulverized coal airflow jet angle is realized. Two ends of the connecting rod 6 are provided with a second fixed hinge 52, and one end of the first guide plate 21 and one end of the second guide plate 22 are respectively connected with the second fixed hinge 52 to form a double-rocker device. The connecting rod 6 and the first and second guide plates 21 and 22 designed based on the double-rocker principle can realize synchronous rotation of the first and second guide plates 21 and 22, and the adjustment angles are consistent. Further in order to prevent the guide plate from jamming, blocking the expansion of the guide plate and other problems during rotation, a gap is arranged between the guide plate and the bottom plate 12, and the width of the gap is 3-5 mm. The first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate 22 are arranged perpendicular to the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 12. The first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate 22 are made of wear-resistant stainless steel with the same size.
The adjusting arm 3 and the adjusting ring 4 are arranged on the outer wall of the top plate 11, and the angle of the guide plate can be adjusted conveniently. The adjusting arm 3 comprises a bending part 31, a first connecting part 32 and a second connecting part 33 which are connected in sequence; in this embodiment, a through hole is formed in the top plate 11 of the primary air nozzle 1, and the free end of the bending portion 31 penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the first guide plate 21 in a welding manner. This welding point can be located the tip at guide plate edge, also can be located the middle part at guide plate edge, and in this embodiment, the welding point is located the middle part at guide plate edge, forms the overlap portion, can effectively improve the steadiness that guide plate and regulating arm are connected. The free end of the second connecting portion 33 is provided with a fixing pin 34, a plurality of fixing holes 41 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the adjusting ring 4, and the plug pin 34 can be locked in different insertion holes 41 of the adjusting ring 4 according to the requirement of adjusting the angle of the guide plate. The angle adjusting range of the adjusting ring 4 is minus 16 degrees to plus 16 degrees, and the interval angle between the adjacent jacks 41 is 4 degrees. In this embodiment, the adjusting ring 4 is disposed near the air inlet of the primary air nozzle, and the guide plate is disposed near the air outlet of the primary air nozzle.
When the primary air nozzle is used, when coal with good ignition characteristics and easy slagging is combusted, the primary air nozzle needs to be matched with a relatively small combustion tangent circle diameter, otherwise, coal dust wall brushing and slagging are easy to occur when the coal is combusted. Move the terminal fixed pin anticlockwise of regulating arm to suitable fixed orifices, as shown in figure 1, the guide plate is round fixed hinge anticlockwise rotation under the regulating arm drives, and the guide plate is certain angle (+ 4- + 16 ℃) with the buggy air current in a wind spout like this, and the buggy air current takes place to deflect when flowing through the guide plate, realizes burning tangent circle diameter's reduction.
On the contrary, when burning lean coal with poor ignition characteristics, a relatively large combustion tangent circle diameter is matched, so that the upstream flame can reach the root of the downstream pulverized coal airflow to provide the heat required by pulverized coal ignition. The adjusting arm bolt is moved to a proper jack clockwise, the flow guide baffle plate is driven by the adjusting arm to rotate clockwise around the fixed hinge, so that the flow guide baffle plate and the pulverized coal airflow form a certain angle (-4 degrees to-16 degrees) in the primary air nozzle, and the pulverized coal airflow deflects when flowing through the flow guide baffle plate, thereby realizing the increase of the combustion tangential diameter.

Claims (9)

1. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner is characterized by comprising a primary air nozzle (1), a first guide plate (21), a second guide plate (22), an adjusting arm (3), an adjusting ring (4) and a connecting rod (6), wherein a first fixed hinge (51) is arranged inside the primary air nozzle (1);
the first guide plate (21) and the second guide plate (22) are connected with a first fixed hinge (51), and when the combustion tangent circle diameter of the boiler is adjusted, the first guide plate (21) and the second guide plate (22) rotate around the axial direction of the first fixed hinge (51);
the adjusting arm (3) and the adjusting ring (4) are arranged outside the primary air nozzle (1);
two ends of the connecting rod (6) are respectively connected with one ends of the first guide plate (21) and the second guide plate (22);
the other end of the first guide plate (21) or the second guide plate (22) is connected with one end of the adjusting arm (3), and the other end of the adjusting arm (3) is connected with the adjusting ring (4).
2. The primary air nozzle of the pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting rod (6) is provided with a second fixed hinge (52) at both ends thereof, and one end of the first guide plate (21) and one end of the second guide plate (22) are respectively connected with the second fixed hinge (52).
3. A primary air port of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary air port (1) comprises a bottom plate (12), and a gap is provided between the first and second flow deflectors (21, 22) and the bottom plate (12).
4. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the primary air nozzle (1) comprises a top plate (11), the first fixed hinge (51) is provided on the inner wall of the top plate (11), and the adjusting arm (3) and the adjusting ring (4) are provided on the outer wall of the top plate (11).
5. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the first baffle plate (21) and the second baffle plate (22) are arranged perpendicular to the top plate (11).
6. The primary air nozzle of the pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the top plate (11) is provided with a through hole, and the adjusting arm (3) penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly connected with the first guide plate (21) or the second guide plate (22).
7. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting arm (3) comprises a bending part (31), a first connecting part (32) and a second connecting part (33) which are connected in sequence; the free end of the bending part (31) is fixedly connected with the first guide plate (21) or the second guide plate (22); the free end of second connecting portion (33) is equipped with fixed pin (34), fixed pin (34) can be dismantled with adjustable ring (4) and be connected.
8. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of fixing holes (41) are provided at intervals along the circumference of the adjusting ring (4), and fixing pins (34) are detachably connected to the fixing holes (41).
9. A primary air nozzle of a pulverized coal burner as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting arm (3) is provided with an overlapping portion with the first deflector (21) or the second deflector (22) after the adjusting arm (3) is connected with the first deflector (21) or the second deflector (22).
CN202111249342.3A 2021-10-26 2021-10-26 Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner Pending CN113790440A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111249342.3A CN113790440A (en) 2021-10-26 2021-10-26 Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111249342.3A CN113790440A (en) 2021-10-26 2021-10-26 Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113790440A true CN113790440A (en) 2021-12-14

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0976977A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulverized coal burner
CN201083393Y (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-07-09 贾臻 Corner-fired boiler tangential-firing burner rightward and leftward oscillating type secondary air port structure
CN101324340A (en) * 2008-08-05 2008-12-17 贵州电力试验研究院 Apparatus for adjusting secondary wind direction under W type flame oven arch
CN201277543Y (en) * 2008-08-28 2009-07-22 上海天新热能工程有限公司 Nozzle horizontal hunting regulation apparatus used for coal powder burner
CN209714312U (en) * 2019-01-12 2019-12-03 无锡市林洲干燥设备有限公司 Built-in hot air distributor for big spouting liquid spray drying device
CN113154428A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-23 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Gas flame swing burner and direct-fired heating device for denitration system
CN216079771U (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0976977A1 (en) * 1998-07-29 2000-02-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulverized coal burner
CN201083393Y (en) * 2007-09-14 2008-07-09 贾臻 Corner-fired boiler tangential-firing burner rightward and leftward oscillating type secondary air port structure
CN101324340A (en) * 2008-08-05 2008-12-17 贵州电力试验研究院 Apparatus for adjusting secondary wind direction under W type flame oven arch
CN201277543Y (en) * 2008-08-28 2009-07-22 上海天新热能工程有限公司 Nozzle horizontal hunting regulation apparatus used for coal powder burner
CN209714312U (en) * 2019-01-12 2019-12-03 无锡市林洲干燥设备有限公司 Built-in hot air distributor for big spouting liquid spray drying device
CN113154428A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-23 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 Gas flame swing burner and direct-fired heating device for denitration system
CN216079771U (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-03-18 西安热工研究院有限公司 Primary air nozzle of pulverized coal burner

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