CN113789549A - Flue gas treatment system based on fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Flue gas treatment system based on fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN113789549A CN113789549A CN202111143692.1A CN202111143692A CN113789549A CN 113789549 A CN113789549 A CN 113789549A CN 202111143692 A CN202111143692 A CN 202111143692A CN 113789549 A CN113789549 A CN 113789549A
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- flue gas
- temperature flue
- defluorination
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 90
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/22—Collecting emitted gases
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flue gas treatment system based on a fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell, which comprises the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell, wherein a flue gas chamber of the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell is divided into a high-temperature flue gas chamber and a low-temperature flue gas chamber, and further comprises a heat exchange system, two dry defluorination systems, a desulfurization system and a CO2 capture system, wherein the high-temperature flue gas chamber is sequentially communicated with the heat exchange system, the dry defluorination systems, the desulfurization system and the CO2 capture system through a first smoke exhaust pipe, and the low-temperature flue gas chamber is communicated with the other dry defluorination system through a second smoke exhaust pipe. The flue gas chamber of the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell of the system is divided into a high-temperature flue gas chamber and a low-temperature flue gas chamber, and the high-efficiency capture of CO2 can be realized while the flue gas purification is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and particularly relates to a flue gas treatment system based on a fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell.
Background
Aluminum electrolysis is used as a top beam column in non-ferrous metal manufacturing industry in China, but a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated in the production process, the total emission of carbon dioxide in the electrolytic aluminum industry in China is about 4.26 hundred million tons in 2020, the total emission of carbon dioxide accounts for about 5 percent of the total net emission of carbon dioxide in the whole society, and about 1.5 tons of carbon dioxide generated by producing 1 ton of aluminum is undoubtedly a large-scale carbon dioxide emission house. Therefore, carbon capture for aluminum electrolysis plays a crucial role in reducing CO2 emissions from aluminum electrolysis production processes. The aluminum electrolysis CO2 is mainly discharged through flue gas, the current domestic flue gas mainly removes fluorine-containing and sulfur-containing gas in the flue gas through working sections such as fluorine removal, sulfur removal and the like, and then the residual gas containing CO2 is discharged into the atmosphere. Patent CN103446868B proposes a mineralization method for collecting CO2 in the aluminum electrolysis flue gas, but it requires multiple stages, the flow is complicated, and a large amount of outside air enters the flue gas due to the non-closed structure of the traditional aluminum electrolysis cell, so that the concentration of CO2 in the flue gas is low, which is not beneficial to capture.
In conclusion, improvement of the existing aluminum electrolysis cell flue gas treatment system is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a flue gas treatment system based on a fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell, wherein a flue gas chamber of the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell is divided into a high-temperature flue gas chamber and a low-temperature flue gas chamber, and the high-efficiency capture of CO2 can be realized while the flue gas purification is realized.
Therefore, the flue gas treatment system based on the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell, wherein a flue gas chamber of the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell is divided into a high-temperature flue gas chamber and a low-temperature flue gas chamber, and the system further comprises a heat exchange system, two dry defluorination systems, a desulfurization system and a CO2 capture system;
the high-temperature flue gas chamber is sequentially communicated with the heat exchange system, the dry defluorination system, the desulfurization system and the CO2 capture system through a first smoke exhaust pipe;
and the low-temperature flue gas chamber is communicated with the other dry defluorination system through a second smoke exhaust pipe.
Specifically, the CO2 capturing system comprises a CO2 absorption module, an absorbent regeneration module and a CO2 storage module which are communicated in sequence;
the heat exchange system supplies heat for the regeneration of the absorbent in the absorbent regeneration module, CO2 in the high-temperature flue gas is sequentially absorbed by the absorbent and regenerated and released and then stored in the CO2 storage module, the purified high-temperature flue gas is discharged outside through a smoke outlet of the CO2 absorption module, and the regenerated absorbent returns to the CO2 absorption module through a return pipe.
Specifically, the absorbent is ethanolamine or NH3 liquid.
Specifically, the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell comprises a cell body, a high-temperature flue gas closed cover covering the cell body and a low-temperature flue gas closed cover covering the high-temperature flue gas closed cover;
an anode mounting hole is formed in the high-temperature flue gas closed cover, and an anode of the fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell is mounted in the anode mounting hole and inserted into electrolyte in the cell body;
the high-temperature flue gas chamber is formed among the high-temperature flue gas closed cover, the groove body, the anode and the electrolyte, and the low-temperature flue gas chamber is formed among the high-temperature flue gas closed cover, the low-temperature flue gas closed cover and the anode.
Specifically, the defluorinating agent adopted by the dry defluorination system is alumina.
Specifically, the desulfurizer adopted by the desulfurization system is limestone.
Specifically, a first negative pressure fan is arranged on the first smoke exhaust pipe.
Specifically, a second negative pressure fan is arranged on the second smoke exhaust pipe.
Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: set up the flue gas room with totally enclosed aluminium cell into high temperature flue gas room and low temperature flue gas room, promote the temperature and the composition concentration of flue gas, this kind of design is compared with traditional aluminium electroloysis and at first can avoid a large amount of electrolysis cell surrounding air to get into the flue gas and lead to the composition concentration to reduce, and then improve the heat recovery of flue gas, harmful gas handles and CO2 entrapment efficiency. And then the flue gas waste heat is reasonably utilized for the regeneration of the CO2 absorbent, so that the effective recycling of the flue gas heat is realized, and the high energy consumption phenomenon caused by the fact that the traditional extra heat is used for the regeneration of the absorbent is avoided.
In a word, the invention can effectively improve the recycling efficiency of the flue gas heat of the electrolytic cell, the harmful gas treatment efficiency and the CO2 capture efficiency, is beneficial to environmental protection and has good economic and social benefits.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flue gas treatment system based on a fully-enclosed aluminum electrolysis cell provided by an embodiment of the invention;
wherein: 1. a fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell; 2. a heat exchange system; 3. a dry defluorination system; 4. a desulfurization system; 5. a CO2 capture system; 1-1, a low-temperature flue gas closed cover; 1-2, sealing a high-temperature flue gas cover; 1-3, high-temperature flue gas; 1-4, low-temperature flue gas; 1-5, a first smoke exhaust pipe; 1-6, a second smoke exhaust pipe; 1-7, a high-temperature flue gas chamber; 1-8, a low-temperature flue gas chamber; 5-1, a CO2 absorption module; 5-2, an absorbent regeneration module; 5-3, CO2 storage module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, a flue gas treatment system based on a fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell comprises a fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell 1, a heat exchange system 2, two dry defluorination systems 3, a desulfurization system 4 and a CO2 capture system 5, wherein a flue gas chamber of the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell 1 is divided into a high-temperature flue gas chamber 1-7 and a low-temperature flue gas chamber 1-8, the high-temperature flue gas chamber 1-7 is sequentially communicated with the heat exchange system 2, one of the dry defluorination systems 3, the desulfurization system 4 and the CO2 capture system 5 through a first smoke exhaust pipe 1-5, and the low-temperature flue gas chamber 1-8 is communicated with the other dry defluorination system 3 through a second smoke exhaust pipe 1-6.
Referring to fig. 1, specifically, the CO2 capturing system 5 includes a CO2 absorption module 5-1, an absorbent regeneration module 5-2, and a CO2 storage module 5-3, which are sequentially connected, the heat exchange system 2 supplies heat for absorbent regeneration in the absorbent regeneration module 5-2, CO2 in the high temperature flue gas 1-3 is sequentially absorbed by the absorbent, regenerated and released by the absorbent, and then stored in the CO2 storage module 5-3, the purified high temperature flue gas is externally discharged through a smoke outlet of the CO2 absorption module 5-1, and the regenerated absorbent returns to the CO2 absorption module 5-1 through a return pipe for reuse, wherein the absorbent may be ethanolamine or frozen NH 3.
Referring to fig. 1, the working process of the flue gas treatment system based on the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell with the structure is as follows: high-temperature flue gas 1-3 is firstly introduced into a heat exchange system 2 through a first smoke exhaust pipe 1-5, and the heat exchange system 2 recovers the heat of the flue gas to reduce the temperature of the flue gas; then, the flue gas with the reduced temperature is introduced into a dry defluorination system 3, and the dry defluorination system 3 mainly adopts alumina to absorb the fluorine-containing gas; the flue gas after defluorination enters a desulfurization system 4, sulfur-containing gas and residual fluorine-containing gas are absorbed by the desulfurization system 4, wherein the desulfurizer can adopt limestone, and the two steps remove the fluorine-containing gas and the sulfur-containing gas in the flue gas so as to avoid side reaction of the gases when absorbing CO2 and reduce the absorption efficiency of CO 2. And finally, introducing the high-temperature flue gas 1-3 into a CO2 capturing system 5, namely, introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a CO2 absorption module 5-1, carrying out a chemical combination reaction on CO2 and an absorbent in an absorption tower, conveying the liquid after the reaction to an absorbent regeneration tower, discharging purified gas to the outside, decomposing the compound into CO2 and the absorbent mainly by heating the absorbent regeneration tower, wherein the heat mainly comes from the recovery heat of the high-temperature flue gas of the system, introducing the pure CO2 into a CO2 storage module 5-3 for storage, returning the absorbent to the absorption module for reuse, and directly discharging the low-temperature flue gas 1-4 after defluorination treatment by another dry defluorination system 3.
Referring to fig. 1, specifically, a fully-enclosed aluminum electrolysis cell 1 comprises a cell body, a high-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-2 covered on the cell body, and a low-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-1 covered on the high-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-2, wherein an anode mounting hole is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-2, an anode of the fully-enclosed aluminum electrolysis cell 1 is mounted in the anode mounting hole and inserted into electrolyte in the cell body, a high-temperature flue gas chamber 1-7 is formed among the high-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-2, the anode and the electrolyte, a low-temperature flue gas chamber 1-8 is formed among the high-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-2, the low-temperature flue gas enclosed hood 1-1 and the anode, and negative pressure fans are respectively arranged on a first exhaust pipe 1-5 and a second exhaust pipe 1-6.
In the embodiment, flue gas generated by aluminum electrolysis is collected by a closed cover made of high-temperature-resistant materials, wherein the high-temperature flue gas 1-3 is collected to a high-temperature flue gas chamber 1-7, the low-temperature flue gas 1-4 is collected to a low-temperature flue gas chamber 1-8, the high-temperature flue gas 1-3 has higher temperature and is beneficial to heat recovery, gas generated by an aluminum electrolysis anode is concentrated in the high-temperature flue gas, the contents of sulfide, fluoride and CO2 in the high-temperature flue gas are higher, and the recovery of flue gas heat, the treatment of harmful gas and the capture of CO2 are facilitated. The high-temperature flue gas 1-3 and the low-temperature flue gas 1-4 are respectively and independently extracted from the smoke exhaust pipes of the two flue gas chambers, and the two flue gas chambers are kept at certain negative pressure by controlling the suction force of the negative pressure fan.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a flue gas processing system based on totally enclosed aluminum cell, includes totally enclosed aluminum cell (1), the flue gas room of totally enclosed aluminum cell (1) divides into high temperature flue gas room (1-7) and low temperature flue gas room (1-8), its characterized in that: the system also comprises a heat exchange system (2), two dry defluorination systems (3), a dry defluorination system (3), a desulfurization system (4) and a CO2 capture system (5);
the high-temperature flue gas chamber (1-7) is sequentially communicated with the heat exchange system (2), the dry defluorination system (3), the desulfurization system (4) and the CO2 capture system (5) through a first smoke exhaust pipe (1-5);
the low-temperature flue gas chamber (1-8) is communicated with the other dry defluorination system (3) through a second smoke exhaust pipe (1-6).
2. The flue gas treatment system of claim 1, wherein: the CO2 capturing system (5) comprises a CO2 absorption module (5-1), an absorbent regeneration module (5-2) and a CO2 storage module (5-3) which are communicated in sequence;
the heat exchange system (2) regenerates and supplies heat to the absorbent in the absorbent regeneration module (5-2), CO2 in the high-temperature flue gas (1-3) is sequentially absorbed by the absorbent and regenerated and released by the absorbent and then stored in the CO2 storage module (5-3), the purified high-temperature flue gas is discharged outwards through a smoke outlet of the CO2 absorption module (5-1), and the regenerated absorbent returns to the CO2 absorption module (5-1) through a return pipe.
3. The flue gas treatment system of claim 2, wherein: the absorbent adopts ethanolamine or NH3 liquid.
4. A flue gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the fully-closed aluminum electrolysis cell (1) comprises a cell body, a high-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-2) covered on the cell body and a low-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-1) covered on the high-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-2);
an anode mounting hole is formed in the high-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-2), and an anode of the fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell (1) is mounted in the anode mounting hole and inserted into electrolyte in the cell body;
the high-temperature flue gas chamber (1-7) is formed among the high-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-2), the tank body, the anode and the electrolyte, and the low-temperature flue gas chamber (1-8) is formed among the high-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-2), the low-temperature flue gas closed cover (1-1) and the anode.
5. The flue gas treatment system of claim 4, wherein: the defluorination agent adopted by the dry defluorination system (3) is alumina.
6. The flue gas treatment system of claim 4, wherein: and the desulfurizer adopted by the desulfurization system (4) is limestone.
7. The flue gas treatment system of claim 4, wherein: the first smoke exhaust pipe (1-5) is provided with a first negative pressure fan.
8. The flue gas treatment system of claim 4, wherein: and a second negative pressure fan is arranged on the second smoke exhaust pipe (1-6).
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| CN202111143692.1A CN113789549A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Flue gas treatment system based on fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell |
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| CN202111143692.1A CN113789549A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Flue gas treatment system based on fully-closed aluminum electrolytic cell |
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Application publication date: 20211214 |