CN113789147B - Double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F279/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00
- C08F279/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group C08F36/00 on to polymers of conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/288—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen
- C08G18/289—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
- C08G18/4837—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units and other oxyalkylene units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/68—Unsaturated polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the adhesive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-30 parts of modified neoprene latex, 5-40 parts of flame retardant, 3-30 parts of filler, 1-25 parts of thixotropic agent, 0.1-2 parts of adhesion promoter and 5-30 parts of diluent. The compatibility of the modified polyurethane prepared from polyether polyol with modified neoprene latex is improved, wherein latex molecules and long-ester side chain polymers are mutually diffused to form entangled points, the workability inside the mixture is improved, physical crosslinking points are formed by light calcium carbonate, hollow glass beads and the like, oxidation resistance and weather resistance of other components are better exerted, and the ageing resistance of a polyurethane adhesive is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of adhesives, in particular to a double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polyurethane adhesive has the following characteristics: excellent wear resistance; soft at low temperature; the adjustable range of the performance is wider; the mechanical strength is high; the adhesiveness is good; good elasticity and excellent resilience, and can be suitable for dynamic joints; the weather resistance is good, and the service life can reach 15-20 years; oil resistance is excellent; biological aging resistance; the price is moderate. Polyurethane adhesives also have some disadvantages, such as: cannot resist heat for a long time; light-colored formulations are susceptible to uv light aging; the storage stability of the single-component adhesive is greatly influenced by packaging and the outside, and generally, the curing is slower; bubbles and cracks may be generated in a high temperature environment; primer coating is required in many applications. Meanwhile, the polyurethane adhesive is poor in water resistance, and particularly poor in alkali resistance and water resistance.
Polyurethane adhesives, because of their excellent properties, are widely used, becoming an unsubstitutable product with unlimited development potential. However, the polyurethane adhesive on the market is relatively poor in high temperature resistance and ageing resistance and relatively short in service life, and cannot meet market demands, so that modification and development of the polyurethane adhesive become research hotspots, and the polyurethane adhesive with relatively good performance is expected to be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive with good weather resistance and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-30 parts of modified neoprene latex, 5-40 parts of flame retardant, 3-30 parts of filler, 1-25 parts of thixotropic agent, 0.1-2 parts of adhesion promoter and 5-30 parts of diluent.
Preferably, the adhesive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified polyurethane, 20 parts of modified neoprene latex, 10 parts of flame retardant, 20 parts of filler, 15 parts of thixotropic agent, 1 part of adhesion promoter and 20 parts of diluent.
Further, the modified polyurethane is prepared from at least polyether polyol, isocyanate, a catalyst and KH560, wherein the catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate.
Further, the polyether polyol is formed by polycondensation of itaconic acid, methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid and 1, 4-dihydroxybutane in the presence of a catalyst.
Specifically, the preparation method of the polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
under the condition of nitrogen, the methylene succinic acid, the methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid, the 1, 4-dihydroxybutane and the catalyst dibutyl tin dilaurate are put into a four-neck flask which is provided with a stirrer and a water knockout drum, the temperature is raised to 150-170 ℃ to react until no water is generated in the water knockout drum, the temperature is regulated to 130-150 ℃ under the condition of the pressure of minus 0.1MPa, the polycondensation reaction is carried out, the reaction liquid is cooled after the reaction is finished, the reaction liquid is put into a Soxhlet extractor, the mixture of water and absolute ethyl alcohol is extracted, and the polyether polyol is obtained after the extraction is finished, the mixture is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃; the molar ratio of the methylene succinic acid to the methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid to the 1, 4-dihydroxybutane to the dibutyl tin dilaurate is 1:2.2:1:0.02.
further, the isocyanate is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate, 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 4,4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
Further, the modified neoprene latex is formed by copolymerizing neoprene latex, methyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate in the presence of an initiator.
The preparation method of the modified neoprene latex comprises the following steps:
350 parts of neoprene latex and 630 parts of toluene are placed in a reaction kettle, nitrogen is introduced for protection, the temperature is raised to 85 ℃, 30 parts of methyl methacrylate and 40 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate are added, then 1.0 part of initiator AIBN is added, the temperature is raised to 110 ℃ and kept for 4 hours, and then toluene is removed by reduced pressure distillation, so that the modified neoprene latex is obtained.
Further, the flame retardant is one or more selected from melamine, dimelamine pyrophosphate and melamine borate.
Further, the filler is selected from one or more of volcanic ash, perlite powder, light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, carbon black, talcum powder, hollow glass beads, silica micropowder, mica powder, fly ash, titanium pigment, calcium sulfate whisker, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, calcined kaolin and diatomite; preferably, the filler of the present invention is selected from the group consisting of light calcium carbonate and hollow glass microspheres.
Further, the weight ratio of the light calcium carbonate to the hollow glass beads is 1:0.1-1; preferably, the weight ratio of the light calcium carbonate to the hollow glass beads is 1:0.4.
further, the thixotropic agent is selected from one or more of hydrophobic fumed silica, fibrous talcum powder, polyethylene wax, castor oil derivative, polyamide and polyamide wax powder; preferably, the thixotropic agent is a hydrophobic fumed silica.
Further, the adhesion promoter is a mixture of 2-ethyl-3-methylimidazole and m-xylylenediamine; further, the adhesion promoter comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1:1, and mixing.
Further, the diluent is selected from toluene and/or xylene.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of modified neoprene latex: adding neoprene latex and a diluent into a reactor, introducing nitrogen for protection, then heating to 70-90 ℃, adding methyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, then adding an initiator, then continuously heating to 100-120 ℃, preserving heat for reaction for 2-10 hours, and distilling under reduced pressure to remove the diluent to obtain modified neoprene latex;
2) Preparation of modified polyurethane: adding polyether polyol into a reactor, heating to 105-115 ℃, vacuumizing to remove water, adding isocyanate and a catalyst according to the formula amount, reacting for 2-10h, adding KH560, and continuing to react for 1-5h to obtain modified polyurethane;
3) The preparation of the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the modified polyurethane and the modified neoprene latex into a mixer according to parts by weight, adding a diluent, a flame retardant, a thixotropic agent and a filler, uniformly stirring, adding an adhesion promoter, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive.
The beneficial effects are that:
the compatibility of the modified polyurethane prepared from polyether polyol with modified neoprene latex is improved, wherein latex molecules and long-ester side chain polymers are mutually diffused to form entangled points, the workability inside the mixture is improved, physical crosslinking points are formed by light calcium carbonate, hollow glass beads and the like, oxidation resistance and weather resistance of other components are better exerted, and the ageing resistance of a polyurethane adhesive is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail by the following detailed description, but it should not be construed that the scope of the invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations are also within the scope of this disclosure, as will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art and by routine experimentation, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the foregoing description. The isocyanate is purchased from the company of the Jinan Wanhua chemical Co., ltd, and the neoprene latex is purchased from the company of the Jinan Chemicals Co., ltd; the methyl methacrylate and the hydroxyethyl methacrylate are purchased from Zibo Europe trade Co., ltd, and the 2-ethyl-3-methylimidazole and the m-xylylenediamine are purchased from Guozhu.
Example 1
The double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified polyurethane, 20 parts of modified neoprene latex, 10 parts of flame retardant, 20 parts of filler, 15 parts of thixotropic agent, 1 part of adhesion promoter and 20 parts of diluent;
the preparation method of the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of modified neoprene latex: putting 350 parts of neoprene latex and 630 parts of toluene in a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen for protection, heating to 85 ℃, adding 30 parts of methyl methacrylate and 40 parts of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, adding 1.0 part of initiator AIBN, heating to 110 ℃ and preserving heat for 4 hours, and then distilling under reduced pressure to remove toluene to obtain modified neoprene latex;
2) Preparation of modified polyurethane: adding 10.8 parts of polyether polyol into a reactor, heating to 110-112 ℃, vacuumizing to remove water for a certain time, adding 13.0 parts of 4,4' -dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and 0.2 part of catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, reacting for 3 hours, adding 0.7 part of KH560, and continuing reacting for 1 hour to obtain modified polyurethane;
3) The preparation of the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive comprises the following steps: adding 30 parts of modified polyurethane and 20 parts of modified neoprene latex in a mixer according to parts by weight, adding 20 parts of diluent, 10 parts of flame retardant, 15 parts of thixotropic agent and 20 parts of filler, uniformly stirring, adding 1 part of adhesion promoter, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive;
wherein the diluent is selected from toluene; the flame retardant is selected from melamine; the thixotropic agent is selected from hydrophobic fumed silica; the filler is light calcium carbonate and hollow glass beads according to the weight ratio of 1: 0.4; the adhesion promoter comprises 2-ethyl-3-methylimidazole and m-xylylenediamine according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing to obtain the product;
the preparation method of the polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
under the condition of nitrogen, the methylene succinic acid, the methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid, the 1, 4-dihydroxybutane and the catalyst dibutyl tin dilaurate are put into a four-neck flask which is provided with a stirrer and a water knockout drum, the temperature is raised to 150-170 ℃ to react until no water is generated in the water knockout drum, the temperature is regulated to 130-150 ℃ under the condition of the pressure of minus 0.1MPa, the polycondensation reaction is carried out, the reaction liquid is cooled after the reaction is finished, the reaction liquid is put into a Soxhlet extractor, the mixture of water and absolute ethyl alcohol is extracted, and the polyether polyol is obtained after the extraction is finished, the mixture is dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃; the molar ratio of the methylene succinic acid to the methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid to the 1, 4-dihydroxybutane to the dibutyl tin dilaurate is 1:2.2:1:0.02.
example 2
The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is prepared by the same raw materials and preparation method as in example 1, except that the self-made polyether polyol in example 1 is replaced by polyoxypropylene-ethylene oxide copolymerized glycol with molecular weight of 2000-6000, and the two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is purchased from Hongbaoli Taxing chemical company.
Example 3
The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is basically the same as that of example 1 in terms of component raw materials and preparation methods, except that the self-made polyether polyol of example 1 is replaced by polyoxypropylene-ethylene oxide copolymerized triol with molecular weight of 3000-6000, and the two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is purchased from Hongbaoli Taixing chemical company.
Example 4
The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is basically the same as that of example 1 in terms of component raw materials and preparation method, except that the filler of example 1 is replaced by light calcium carbonate.
Comparative example 1
The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is basically the same as that of example 1 in terms of component raw materials and preparation methods, except that the modified neoprene latex in example 1 is replaced by unmodified neoprene latex.
Comparative example 2
The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is basically the same as that of example 1 in terms of component raw materials and preparation methods, except that the polyurethane in example 1 is replaced by commercially available polyurethane (purchased from Shanghai Kaiya chemical industry, model number is C-1095).
The adhesives prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested according to JC/T482-2003 polyurethane construction sealant requirements, and the main performance results of the tests are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive provided by the invention has excellent ageing resistance, mechanical properties and high temperature resistance.
Claims (8)
1. The double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-30 parts of modified neoprene latex, 5-40 parts of flame retardant, 3-30 parts of filler, 1-25 parts of thixotropic agent, 0.1-2 parts of adhesion promoter and 5-30 parts of diluent; the modified polyurethane is prepared from polyether polyol, isocyanate, a catalyst and KH560, wherein the catalyst is dibutyl tin dilaurate; the polyether polyol is prepared by polycondensation of methylene succinic acid, methyl succinic acid-5-sulfonic acid and 1, 4-dihydroxybutane in the presence of a catalyst.
2. The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the modified neoprene latex is copolymerized from neoprene latex, methyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate in the presence of an initiator.
3. The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is selected from one or more of melamine, dimelamine pyrophosphate, melamine borate.
4. The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the filler is selected from one or more of volcanic ash, perlite powder, light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, carbon black, talcum powder, hollow glass microsphere, silica micropowder, mica powder, fly ash, titanium pigment, calcium sulfate whisker, aluminum sulfate, barium sulfate, calcined kaolin, diatomaceous earth.
5. The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the thixotropic agent is selected from one or more of hydrophobic fumed silica, fibrous talc, polyethylene wax, castor oil derivatives, polyamides, polyamide wax powders.
6. The two-part neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion promoter is a mixture of 2-ethyl-3-methylimidazole and m-xylylenediamine.
7. The two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the diluent is selected from toluene and/or xylene.
8. The method for preparing the two-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
1) Preparation of modified neoprene latex: adding neoprene latex and a diluent into a reactor, introducing nitrogen for protection, then heating to 70-90 ℃, adding methyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacrylate, then adding an initiator, then continuously heating to 100-120 ℃, keeping the temperature for reaction for 2-10 hours, and then distilling under reduced pressure to remove the diluent to obtain modified neoprene latex;
2) Preparation of modified polyurethane: adding polyether polyol into a reactor, heating to 105-115 ℃, vacuumizing to remove water, adding isocyanate and a catalyst according to the formula amount, reacting for 2-10h, adding KH560, and continuing to react for 1-5h to obtain modified polyurethane; 3) The preparation of the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive comprises the following steps:
and (3) putting the modified polyurethane and the modified neoprene latex into a mixer according to parts by weight, adding a diluent, a flame retardant, a thixotropic agent and a filler, uniformly stirring, adding an adhesion promoter, uniformly stirring, and discharging to obtain the double-component neoprene composite rubber adhesive.
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Address after: 030006 room 2105, No. 226, Changzhi Road, Taiyuan high tech Zone, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Applicant after: Shanxi Huaao Intelligent Mining Industrial Park Co.,Ltd. Address before: 030006 room 2105, No. 226, Changzhi Road, Taiyuan high tech Zone, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province Applicant before: SHANXI HUAO INDUSTRY AND TRADE GROUP CO.,LTD. |
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