CN113786669A - Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method - Google Patents

Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method Download PDF

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CN113786669A
CN113786669A CN202111213864.8A CN202111213864A CN113786669A CN 113786669 A CN113786669 A CN 113786669A CN 202111213864 A CN202111213864 A CN 202111213864A CN 113786669 A CN113786669 A CN 113786669A
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asphalt mixture
road asphalt
waste road
reaction tower
oilstone
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CN113786669B (en
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贾传坤
李丹青
丁美
高阳
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/01—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with translationally moving filtering elements, e.g. pistons
    • B01D33/03—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with translationally moving filtering elements, e.g. pistons with vibrating filter elements
    • B01D33/0346—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with translationally moving filtering elements, e.g. pistons with vibrating filter elements with flat filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04—Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0492—Applications, solvents used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/35—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D33/41—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with multiple filtering elements characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/58—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/58—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element
    • B01D33/60—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element for washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/58—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element
    • B01D33/62—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element for drying
    • B01D33/66—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element for drying by gases or by heating
    • B01D33/666—Handling the filter cake in the filter for purposes other than for regenerating the filter cake remaining on the filtering element for drying by gases or by heating by indirect heat-exchange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/18—Heating or cooling the filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/003—Filters in combination with devices for the removal of liquids
    • B01D36/006—Purge means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
    • C10C3/002—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by thermal means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
    • C10C3/007—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen winning and separation of asphalt from mixtures with aggregates, fillers and other products, e.g. winning from natural asphalt and regeneration of waste asphalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
    • C10C3/08—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen by selective extraction

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an oilstone separation method for waste road asphalt mixtures, which comprises the steps of conveying the waste road asphalt mixtures into a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device, sequentially washing and drying under the vibration action of a multi-layer vibration filter screen, carrying out oilstone separation treatment on the waste road asphalt mixtures through extracting solution, and respectively collecting asphalt and aggregate separated from oilstones; the extractive solution is polar solvent, nonpolar solvent, or mixed solvent of polar solvent and nonpolar solvent. According to the method for separating the asphalt from the waste road asphalt mixture, the compatibility of polar and nonpolar solvents with different components of asphalt and the different solubility of the asphalt are utilized according to the properties of the components of the asphalt, the dissolution rate is accelerated and the separation effect is improved by adjusting different proportions and mixing different solvents, the excellent separation effect can be achieved by separating once, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the separated aggregate is low.

Description

Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste road asphalt mixture regeneration, and relates to a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, roads constructed in early stage are difficult to meet the traffic function, and a plurality of roads enter the maintenance, renovation and other stages. This will produce a large amount of old and useless bituminous paving material, and these old and useless bituminous paving material not only can cause very big wasting of resources, occupy a large amount of land resource, also can produce serious pollution to the environment. Under the large environment that energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development are vigorously advocated in China and ecological environment is protected for many times, particularly after the aim of 'carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization' is provided, the discharge of solid waste carbon in traffic becomes more and more difficult to realize carbon neutralization, so that the recycling of the waste road asphalt mixture is particularly important. The waste materials are effectively utilized, so that the problems of occupied area, air pollution, water pollution and the like can be solved, and mineral aggregate resources and asphalt resources can be recycled, so that better economic and environmental benefits are brought.
The oilstone separation technology is a method for realizing the separation of asphalt and aggregate by extracting asphalt components in waste road asphalt mixture through a solvent, thereby realizing the reutilization of the asphalt and the aggregate. The existing waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method has the disadvantages of long treatment time, low asphalt concentration in the extracting solution, high difficulty in extracting asphalt from the extracting solution, more impurities and high cost.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method and an apparatus for separating asphalt and stone from waste road asphalt mixture with high efficiency and low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the efficient and low-cost method for separating the oilstone from the waste road asphalt mixture, which realizes the integration of cleaning, separation, extraction and aggregate separation, and solves the problems of incomplete oilstone separation, undefined aggregate grading separation, high difficulty in extracting asphalt from an extracting solution, complex overall process, high cost, environmental pollution and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method comprises the steps of conveying the waste road asphalt mixture to a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device, sequentially washing and drying under the vibration action of a plurality of layers of vibration filter screens, then carrying out oilstone separation treatment on the waste road asphalt mixture through an extracting solution, and respectively collecting asphalt and aggregate separated from oilstones;
the extracting solution is a polar solvent, a non-polar solvent or a mixed solvent obtained by mixing the polar solvent and the non-polar solvent;
the polar solvent includes: any one or more of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, 1-bromopropane, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate;
the nonpolar solvents include: any one or more of xylene, toluene, benzene, tetrahydronaphthalene, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, n-pentane, n-hexane, decalin, methylnaphthalene, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide.
Furthermore, the weight volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the extracting solution is 1 g (2 mL-4 mL).
Further, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent obtained by mixing the polar solvent and the non-polar solvent is as follows: 40-60% of polar solvent and 50-60% of nonpolar solvent, and the volume sum is 100%.
Furthermore, the proportion of the polar halogenated hydrocarbon is 28-34%, the proportion of other polar solvents is 15-21%, the proportion of the nonpolar alkane is 18-24%, the proportion of the nonpolar aromatic hydrocarbon is 33-38%, and the sum of the volume is 100%.
Furthermore, the waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device comprises an oilstone separation reaction tower, wherein the top end of the oilstone separation reaction tower is respectively communicated with a water storage tank and an extracting solution storage tank through liquid conveying pipes; a plurality of layers of vibration filtering screen meshes are sequentially arranged in the cavity of the oil-stone separation reaction tower; the same end of each layer of the vibration filtering screen is provided with an automatic aggregate separator; each automatic aggregate separator is connected with an aggregate discharging conveyor; the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower is respectively connected with the bottom inlets of the asphalt storage tank and the water storage tank.
Further, the mesh aperture of the multi-layer vibration filtering screen is reduced from the top to the bottom.
Furthermore, the upper end of the shell at one side of the oil-stone separation reaction tower is provided with a waste road asphalt mixture feeding hole; the waste road asphalt mixture feeding port is connected with the lifter through a waste road asphalt mixture feeding conveyor; each aggregate discharging conveyor penetrates through the shell of the oilstone separation reaction tower and is connected with the lifter; a heater is arranged on the shell at one side of the oilstone separation reaction tower, which is far away from the aggregate automatic separator.
Furthermore, an extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser is arranged on an extracting solution inlet and outlet pipe between the extracting solution storage tank and the top end of the oilstone separation reaction tower.
Furthermore, the waste road asphalt mixture is conveyed to a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device, under the vibration action of a plurality of layers of vibration filter screens, washing and drying are sequentially carried out, then the waste road asphalt mixture is subjected to oilstone separation treatment through an extracting solution, and asphalt and aggregate separated by oilstones are respectively collected, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, crushing the waste road asphalt mixture to be processed, conveying the waste road asphalt mixture on the bottom surface to the upper part of the oilstone separation reaction tower by using a lifter, and entering the oilstone separation reaction tower;
step S2, adjusting the multiple layers of vibration filter screens according to the vibration frequency of 20 KHz-60 KHz, and keeping the multiple layers of vibration filter screens in a vibration state all the time in the whole oil-stone separation process;
step S3, controlling water in a water storage tank to enter an oil-stone separation reaction tower until the volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the water is 1 (2-4);
step S4, washing the waste road asphalt mixture for 30-50 min under the washing action of water and the vibration action of the multi-layer vibration filtering screen to obtain a cleaned waste road asphalt mixture; recycling the cleaned water to a water storage tank;
step S5, keeping the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower at 60-90 ℃, and stopping heating after the waste road asphalt mixture with different grain sizes, which is cleaned on each layer of vibration filter screen mesh, is dried and has no moisture;
step S6, controlling the extracting solution to enter an oil-stone separation reaction tower from an extracting solution storage tank until the weight-volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the extracting solution is 1 g (2 mL-4 mL);
step S7, turning on a heater, ensuring the temperature in the oilstone separation reaction tower to be 25-100 ℃, treating for 3-6 h, and stopping the vibration of each layer of vibration filter screen when the oilstone separation process is finished;
step S8, opening an extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser, controlling the temperature in the oilstone separation reaction tower to be 30-120 ℃, allowing extracting solution steam in the oilstone separation reaction tower to pass through the extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser to form liquid extracting solution, feeding the liquid extracting solution into an extracting solution storage tank, and keeping the temperature of 30-120 ℃ for 2-4 hours;
step S9, conveying the asphalt from the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower to an asphalt storage tank;
and S10, adjusting the inclination of each layer of vibration filter screen to 20-50 degrees, respectively conveying the aggregates with different particle sizes separated on each layer of vibration filter screen to the aggregate discharging conveyors on the same layer through the aggregate automatic separators on the same layer, and respectively conveying the aggregates with different particle sizes to the elevator by each aggregate discharging conveyor and conveying the aggregates to the ground.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing oilstone separation method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the oilstone separation of the waste road asphalt mixture is efficiently realized, the compatibility of polar and nonpolar solvents and different components of asphalt is utilized according to the properties of the components of the asphalt, the solubility of the asphalt is different, the dissolution rate is accelerated and the separation effect is improved by adjusting different proportions and mixing different types of solvents, the excellent separation effect can be achieved by one-time separation, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the separated aggregate is low.
(2) Compared with the existing oilstone separation method, the method can economically realize the oilstone separation of the waste road asphalt mixture. The reaction tower integrates the functions of screening, cleaning, separating and filtering of the waste road asphalt mixture, and has a simple process; the waste road asphalt mixture is cleaned and dried before the separation of the oilstone, so that the using amount of an extracting solution can be reduced, the separation rate of the oilstone is increased, and the purity of asphalt is improved; the use of the spraying device and the vibration filtering screen also reduces the dosage of the solvent and the time required by the separation of the oilstone; in addition, the invention can realize that the production technology is not influenced by seasons and the distillation device realizes the recycling of the extracting solution through condensers in different modes.
(3) Compared with the existing oilstone separation method, the method can realize the oilstone separation of the waste road asphalt mixture with high quality. The method of the invention is provided with the multistage vibration filtering screen from top to bottom, can filter silt and screen aggregate during separation, has less impurities in the separated asphalt, can be completely recycled, has clear grading of the separated aggregate, and can select aggregates with different particle sizes for recycling according to requirements.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a waste road asphalt mixture to be treated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the waste road asphalt mixture after being washed with water and dried according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows asphalt separated from a waste road asphalt mixture by the method for separating the asphalt from the waste road asphalt mixture according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 shows aggregate separated from waste road asphalt mixture by the method for separating oil from stone in waste road asphalt mixture according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is an XRD comparison spectrum of the asphalt and the new asphalt separated from the waste road asphalt mixture by the method for separating the asphalt from the stone of the waste road asphalt mixture according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an FTIR comparison spectrum of the asphalt and the new asphalt separated from the waste road asphalt mixture by the method for separating the asphalt from the stone of the waste road asphalt mixture according to the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 11-water storage tank, 12-extract storage tank, 13-asphalt storage tank, 20-elevator, 210-waste road asphalt mixture feeding conveyor, 211-first aggregate discharging conveyor, 212-second aggregate discharging conveyor, 213-third aggregate discharging conveyor, 214-fourth aggregate discharging conveyor, 215-fifth aggregate discharging conveyor, 216-sixth aggregate discharging conveyor, 217-seventh aggregate discharging conveyor, 221-water outlet pipe, 222-extract inlet and outlet pipe, 223-asphalt inlet pipe, 224-water inlet pipe, 23-extract inlet and outlet liquid condenser, 3-oilstone separation reaction tower, 30-solution spraying device, 311-first vibration filter screen, 312-second vibration filter screen, 312-asphalt storage tank, and, 313-third vibrating filter screen, 314-fourth vibrating filter screen, 315-fifth vibrating filter screen, 316-sixth vibrating filter screen, 317-seventh vibrating filter screen, 32-heater, 401-water outlet hydraulic control pump, 402-extract inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump, 403-asphalt inlet hydraulic control pump, 404-water inlet hydraulic control pump, 411-water outlet valve, 412-extract inlet and outlet valve, 413-reaction tower inlet and outlet valve, 414-reaction tower outlet valve, 415-asphalt inlet valve, 416-water inlet valve, 420-waste road asphalt mixture inlet, 421-first aggregate automatic separator, 422-second aggregate automatic separator, 423-third aggregate automatic separator, 424-fourth aggregate automatic separator, 425-a fifth aggregate automatic separator, 426-a sixth aggregate automatic separator and 427-a seventh aggregate automatic separator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device comprises an oilstone separation reaction tower 3, and the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is a tower-shaped device with a hollow interior, as shown in figure 1; a reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 is arranged at the top end of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of a water flow loop or an extracting solution loop between the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 and the water storage tank 11 or the extracting solution storage tank 12 and ensuring the sealing property in the oilstone separation reaction tower 3; the lower end of the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 is provided with a solution spraying device 30 for spraying water or asphalt extract into the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, so that the water or asphalt extract and the waste road asphalt mixture in the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 are mixed more thoroughly, the using amount of the water or asphalt extract is saved, and the reaction time is shortened; the upper end of a shell on one side of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is provided with a waste road asphalt mixture feeding hole 420 for feeding the waste road asphalt mixture into the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, and a plurality of layers of vibration filter screens are sequentially arranged in a cavity of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, wherein seven layers of vibration filter screens are preferably adopted in the application and are positioned at the lower part of the waste road asphalt mixture feeding hole 420 for improving the cleaning efficiency of the waste road asphalt mixture, improving the oilstone separation efficiency and screening aggregate gradation separated from the waste road asphalt mixture; the same end of each layer of the vibration filter screen is provided with an automatic aggregate separator, and the total number of the seven automatic aggregate separators is seven, and the seven automatic aggregate separators are used for automatically separating aggregates on the vibration filter screen; each automatic aggregate separator is connected with seven aggregate discharging conveyors, each aggregate discharging conveyor penetrates through the shell of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 and is connected with the elevator 20, and the aggregates separated by the conveyors are conveyed into the elevator 20 and conveyed to the ground through the elevator 20; a heater 32 is arranged on the shell of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 on the side far away from the aggregate automatic separator, and the height of the heater 32 is higher than that of the multi-layer vibration filtering screen mesh and is used for drying the cleaned asphalt mixture; a reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414 is arranged at the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 and used for controlling the connection and disconnection of a water flow loop or an asphalt loop between the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 and the water storage tank 11 or the asphalt storage tank 13.
The reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 is a three-way valve, the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 has two interfaces which are respectively communicated with the water storage tank 11 and the extracting solution storage tank 12 through liquid conveying pipes, and is used for controlling water in the water storage tank 11 to enter the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 and controlling extracting solution in the extracting solution storage tank 12 to enter the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 or flow back to the extracting solution storage tank 12 from the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3.
A water outlet valve 411 is arranged at the top end of the water storage tank 11, a water outlet pipe 221 is arranged on a port at one end of the water outlet valve 411 far away from the water storage tank 11, and a water outlet pressure control pump 401 is arranged at one end of the water outlet pipe 221 far away from the water outlet valve 411 and is used for controlling the output of water in the water storage tank 11; the water outlet hydraulic control pump 401 is connected with an interface of the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 through the water outlet pipe 221, and is used for improving the water outlet efficiency of water.
An extract inlet and outlet valve 412 is arranged at the top end of the extract storage tank 12 and used for controlling the on-off of an extract loop between the extract storage tank 12 and the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, an extract inlet and outlet liquid pipe 222 is arranged on a port at one end, far away from the extract storage tank 12, of the extract inlet and outlet liquid valve 412, an extract inlet and outlet liquid hydraulic pump 402 is arranged at one end, far away from the extract inlet and outlet liquid valve 412, of the extract inlet and outlet liquid pipe 222 and used for controlling the inlet and outlet of the extract in the extract storage tank 12 and improving the inlet and outlet efficiency of the extract, the extract inlet and outlet liquid hydraulic pump 402 is connected with an extract inlet and outlet condenser 23 through the extract inlet and outlet liquid pipe 222, and the extract inlet and outlet condenser 23 is connected with the other port of the reaction tower inlet and outlet liquid valve 413 through the extract inlet and outlet liquid pipe 222; when the extract is discharged from the extract storage tank 12, the extract inlet/outlet condenser 23 can reduce the temperature of the liquid transfer tube, so as to ensure that the extract with low boiling point smoothly enters the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, and when the extract enters the extract storage tank 12, the extract inlet/outlet condenser 23 can condense and recover the extract.
The vibration filter screen is formed by overlapping stainless steel wires in a criss-cross mode, the multiple layers of vibration filter screens are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, and the seven layers of vibration filter screens which are preferred in the application are a first vibration filter screen 311, a second vibration filter screen 312, a third vibration filter screen 313, a fourth vibration filter screen 314, a fifth vibration filter screen 315, a sixth vibration filter screen 316 and a seventh vibration filter screen 317 from top to bottom; the first vibrating filtering screen 311, the second vibrating filtering screen 312, the third vibrating filtering screen 313, the fourth vibrating filtering screen 314, the fifth vibrating filtering screen 315, the sixth vibrating filtering screen 316 and the seventh vibrating filtering screen 317 are sequentially reduced in pore size, preferably, 7 pore sizes which are sequentially reduced from the top to the bottom are screened from 16 pore sizes of 53 mm, 37.5 mm, 31.5 mm, 26.5 mm, 19 mm, 16 mm, 13.2 mm, 9.5 mm, 4.75 mm, 2.36 mm, 1.18 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.075 mm and 20μm, so as to prevent partial aggregates from breaking through the vibrating filtering screen into asphalt, the pore size of the seventh vibrating filtering screen 317 is 20μm, and other pore sizes can be selected for the first six layers of vibrating filtering screens as long as the pore sizes of the first six layers of vibrating filtering screens are sequentially reduced from the top to the bottom, the vibrating screen can be arranged without seven layers, and the simple increase or decrease of the number of the layers of the vibrating screen is all modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements which are made within the spirit and the principle of the invention of the application and are included in the protection scope of the invention.
Seven automatic aggregate separators are sequentially arranged from top to bottom: a first aggregate automatic separator 421, a second aggregate automatic separator 422, a third aggregate automatic separator 423, a fourth aggregate automatic separator 424, a fifth aggregate automatic separator 425, a sixth aggregate automatic separator 426, and a seventh aggregate automatic separator 427.
Seven aggregate discharging conveyors are sequentially arranged from top to bottom: a first aggregate discharge conveyor 211, a second aggregate discharge conveyor 212, a third aggregate discharge conveyor 213, a fourth aggregate discharge conveyor 214, a fifth aggregate discharge conveyor 215, a sixth aggregate discharge conveyor 216, and a seventh aggregate discharge conveyor 217.
The lifter 20 is connected with the waste road asphalt mixture feed inlet 420 through the waste road asphalt mixture feed conveyor 210 and is used for conveying the waste road asphalt mixture from the ground into the oilstone separation reaction tower 3; the elevator 20 is mainly composed of an elevator hydraulic system, a box body and a main steel frame, wherein the elevator hydraulic system is used as a power source and drives the carriage of the elevator 20 to lift and fall through chain transmission.
The liquid outlet end of the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414 is provided with two interfaces, one of which is sequentially connected with an asphalt liquid inlet control pressure pump 403 and an asphalt liquid inlet valve 415 through an asphalt liquid inlet pipe 223, and the asphalt liquid inlet valve 415 is connected with the bottom inlet of the asphalt storage tank 13; the other interface of the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414 is connected with a water inlet pipe 224, the water inlet pipe 224 is sequentially connected with a water inlet hydraulic control pump 404 and a water inlet valve 416, and the water inlet valve 416 is connected with the bottom inlet of the water storage tank 11 and is used for controlling water to enter the water storage tank 11.
The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, the waste road asphalt mixture to be processed is crushed, the mass and volume of the waste road asphalt mixture to be processed are measured, the waste road asphalt mixture on the bottom surface is loaded into the box body of the elevator 20 by the elevator 20, then the box body is conveyed to the upper part of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 by the hydraulic lifting system, and the waste road asphalt mixture is conveyed to the waste road asphalt mixture feed port 420 through the waste road asphalt mixture feed conveyor 210 and enters the oilstone separation reaction tower 3.
And step S2, adjusting the first vibrating filter screen 311 to the seventh vibrating filter screen 317 according to the vibration frequency of 20 KHz to 60 KHz, wherein the vibration frequency of each layer of vibrating filter screen is the same, and in order to improve the dissolving efficiency, the first vibrating filter screen 311 to the seventh vibrating filter screen 317 are always in a vibrating state in the whole oilstone separation process.
Step S3, opening a connector of the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 and the water outlet pipe 221, opening the water outlet valve 411, controlling water to enter the solution spraying device 30 through the water outlet pipe 221 and the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 by the water outlet hydraulic control pump 401, spraying water by the solution spraying device 30 to enter the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 until the volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the water is 1 (2-4), and closing the water outlet valve 411 and the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413.
Step S4, after water enters the oilstone separation reaction tower 3, the waste road asphalt mixture with different particle sizes is washed by the water to remove surface silt under the washing action of the water and the vibration action of the multiple layers of vibration filtering screens, and then enters each layer of vibration filtering screen with sequentially reduced mesh diameter, after washing treatment for 30-50 min, the substances left on the multiple layers of vibration filtering screens are the clean waste road asphalt mixture, and the particle size of the waste road asphalt mixture is larger than the mesh diameter of the vibration filtering screen; the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414, the water inlet hydraulic control pump 404 and the water inlet valve 416 are opened, water enters the water storage tank 11 through the water inlet pipe 224, and then the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414 and the water inlet valve 416 are closed.
The impurities such as silt that is cleaned out, some (mainly water-insoluble impurities, such as sand) are retained in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 by the small-aperture vibration filter screen, and can be collected and recycled, and some (mainly water-soluble impurities, such as mud) are discharged together with the water solution, can be precipitated in the water storage tank 11, and can be recycled, and the water solution can also be replaced by new water manually.
The waste road asphalt mixture in the step is washed by water, so that the using amount of the extracting solution is effectively reduced, and the asphalt in the waste road asphalt mixture can be directly exposed after washing, so that the extracting solution is convenient to dissolve in the subsequent steps, and the dissolving efficiency is improved.
The treatment process on the multilayer vibration filter screen in the step specifically comprises the following steps: under the cleaning action of water and the common vibration of the multiple layers of vibration filtering screens, impurities such as silt on the surfaces of the waste road asphalt mixtures on each layer of vibration filtering screens are cleaned by water, the waste road asphalt mixtures with the particle diameters smaller than the mesh openings of the vibration filtering screens on the layer and the impurities such as silt enter the lower-layer vibration filtering screens, and the substances remained on each layer of vibration filtering screens are the cleaned waste road asphalt mixtures with the particle diameters larger than the mesh openings of the vibration filtering screens on the layer.
And step S5, turning on the heater 32, keeping the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 at 60-90 ℃, observing through an observation window on the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, determining through a hygrometer in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, turning off the heater 32 after the waste road asphalt mixture with different particle sizes and cleaned on each layer of vibration filter screen is dried and has no moisture, and stopping heating.
Step S6, opening an extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412 and a reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413, controlling the extracting solution to enter the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 through the solution spraying device 30 by using the extracting solution inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump 402 until the weight-volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the extracting solution is 1 g (2 mL-4 mL), and closing the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412 and the reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413.
The extract used in the present application is: polar solvent, nonpolar solvent, or a mixed solvent of polar solvent and nonpolar solvent.
Among them, the polar solvents employed in the present application include: any one or more of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, 1-bromopropane, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate;
wherein dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, 1-bromopropane and chlorobenzene are polar halogenated hydrocarbons.
The boiling point and the structural formula of the polar solvent adopted in the application are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 boiling point, structural formula of polar solvent used in this application
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The non-polar solvents employed herein include: any one or more of xylene, toluene, benzene, tetrahydronaphthalene, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, n-pentane, n-hexane, decalin, methylnaphthalene, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide.
Wherein, the dimethylbenzene, the methylbenzene, the benzene and the tetrahydronaphthalene are nonpolar aromatic hydrocarbons.
The methyl cyclopentane, cyclohexane, n-pentane, n-hexane, decalin and methylnaphthalene are nonpolar alkanes.
Carbon tetrachloride is a non-polar halogenated hydrocarbon.
The carbon disulfide is a sulfide.
The boiling point and the structural formula of the nonpolar solvent adopted in the application are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 boiling point, structural formula of nonpolar solvent used in this application
Figure 802700DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The mixed solvent is obtained by mixing a polar solvent and a non-polar solvent, and the volume ratio of the polar solvent to the non-polar solvent is as follows: 40-60% of polar solvent and 50-60% of nonpolar solvent, and the volume sum is 100%.
In some preferred embodiments, the mixed solvent obtained by mixing the polar solvent and the non-polar solvent is prepared by the following specific volume ratio: the proportion of the polar halogenated hydrocarbon is 28-34%, the proportion of other polar solvents is 15-21%, the proportion of the nonpolar alkane is 18-24%, the proportion of the nonpolar aromatic hydrocarbon is 33-38%, and the sum of the volume is 100%.
Step S7, turning on the heater 32, ensuring that the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 is 25-100 ℃, treating the waste road asphalt mixture dried and treated in the step S5 for 3-6 hours under the extraction action of the extracting solution, the vibration action of the multiple layers of vibration filtering screens and the heating action of the heater 32, extracting asphalt in the waste road asphalt mixture on each layer of vibration filtering screen by the extracting solution, allowing the asphalt to enter the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 through the sieve pores of the lower layer of vibration filtering screen, leaving the aggregate in the waste road asphalt mixture on each layer of vibration filtering screen on the layer of vibration filtering screen, and preventing the aggregate from breaking through the vibration filtering screen and entering the asphalt due to the fact that the aperture size of the seventh vibration filtering screen 317 is 20 mu m, and (5) stopping vibrating the vibrating filter screens of all layers after the oil-stone separation process is finished.
And step S8, opening a reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413, an extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser 23 and an extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412, controlling the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 to be 30-120 ℃, and evaporating the extracting solution when the boiling point of the extracting solution is reached so as to reduce energy consumption loss. The steam of the extracting solution enters the upper layer of the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 and then becomes liquid when being cooled, the liquid extracting solution enters the extracting solution storage tank 12 through the extracting solution inlet and outlet pipe 222, the distillation of the asphalt extract is to recycle the extract, save cost, keep the temperature of 30-120 ℃ for 2-4 h, close the reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413, the extract inlet and outlet condenser 23 and the extract inlet and outlet valve 412 until the extract is recycled, perform reduced pressure distillation, after the reduced pressure distillation process is finished, the extracting solution inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump 402 is closed in time, when the extracting solution is a multi-solvent mixed solvent, in the distillation process of each solvent, atmospheric distillation or reduced pressure distillation can be selected according to the boiling point of each solvent, the extract inlet and outlet hydraulic control pumps 402 are opened in time at the beginning of reduced pressure distillation, and the extract inlet and outlet hydraulic control pumps 402 are closed in time after the reduced pressure distillation is finished.
All the asphalt is at the bottommost part of the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, and the upper layer is only provided with aggregate and silt intercepted by each layer of vibration filter screen; in order to prevent the asphalt from blocking the liquid outlet valve 414 of the reaction tower, an asphalt inlet hydraulic pump 403 is arranged, and the asphalt is heated to have fluidity along with the flowing process of the asphalt until the asphalt is completely discharged from the reaction tower.
In step S9, the liquid outlet valve 414 and the asphalt inlet valve 415 of the reaction tower are opened, the asphalt is transported to the asphalt storage tank 13 by the asphalt inlet hydraulic pump 403, and after the transportation is completed, the liquid outlet valve 414 and the asphalt inlet valve 415 of the reaction tower are closed.
And step S10, adjusting the inclination of each layer of vibration filter screen, namely the first vibration filter screen 311 to the seventh vibration filter screen 317, to 20-50 degrees, so that the aggregates with different particle sizes separated on each layer of vibration filter screen are respectively transmitted to the aggregate discharging conveyors on the same layer through the aggregate automatic separators on the same layer, and each aggregate discharging conveyor transmits the aggregates with different particle sizes to the elevator 20 and the ground.
Example 1
The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in figure 2, the waste road asphalt mixture to be treated is measured, the mass of the waste road asphalt mixture to be treated is 1.5 t, and the volume is 1 multiplied by 103 L~2×103 L, the elevator 20 loads the waste road asphalt mixture on the bottom surface into the box body of the elevator 20, and then the box body is conveyed to the upper part of the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 by using a hydraulic elevating system, and the waste road asphalt mixture is conveyed to the waste road asphalt mixture feed port 420 through the waste road asphalt mixture feed conveyor 210 and enters the oilstone separation reaction tower 3.
(2) The first vibrating and filtering screen 311 to the seventh vibrating and filtering screen 317 are adjusted according to the vibration frequency of 40 KHz, and the first vibrating and filtering screen 311 to the seventh vibrating and filtering screen 317 are always in a vibrating state in the whole oil-stone separation process.
(3) Opening a reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413, opening a water liquid outlet valve 411, controlling water to enter a solution spraying device 30 through a water liquid outlet pipe 221 and the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413 by a water liquid outlet control pump 401, spraying water into an oilstone separation reaction tower 3 by the solution spraying device 30 until the volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the water is 1:3, and closing the water liquid outlet valve 411 and the reaction tower liquid inlet and outlet valve 413.
(4) After water enters an oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, under the cleaning action of the water and the vibration action of a plurality of layers of vibration filtering screens, the waste road asphalt mixture with different particle sizes is cleaned by the water to remove silt on the surface, and enters each layer of vibration filtering screens with sequentially reduced mesh diameter, after the cleaning treatment for 40 min, the substances left on the plurality of layers of vibration filtering screens are the cleaned waste road asphalt mixture, and the particle size of the substances is larger than the mesh diameter of the layer of vibration filtering screens; the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414, the water inlet hydraulic control pump 404 and the water inlet valve 416 are opened, water enters the water storage tank 11 through the water inlet pipe 224, and then the reaction tower liquid outlet valve 414 and the water inlet valve 416 are closed.
(5) And (3) opening the heater 32, keeping the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 at 90 ℃, observing through an observation window on the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, determining by a hygrometer in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, closing the heater 32 after the cleaned waste road asphalt mixture with different particle sizes on each layer of vibration filter screen is dry and has no moisture, and leaving 1.2 t of cleaned and dried waste road asphalt mixture. The waste road asphalt mixture obtained by the step of washing and drying with water is shown in figure 3.
(6) Opening the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412 and the reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413, and controlling the tetrahydrofuran extracting solution to enter the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 through the solution spraying device 30 by using the extracting solution inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump 402 until the volume of the tetrahydrofuran extracting solution reaches 3 multiplied by 103 L, closing the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412 and the reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413.
(7) And (3) opening the heater 32 to ensure that the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 is 45 ℃, reacting the waste road asphalt mixture dried in the step S5 for 4.5 hours under the extraction action of the extracting solution, the vibration action of the multiple layers of vibration filtering screens and the heating action of the heater 32, extracting asphalt in the waste road asphalt mixture on each layer of vibration filtering screens by the extracting solution, and entering the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower 3 through the sieve pores of the lower layer of vibration filtering screens.
(8) Opening the extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser 23, the extracting solution inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump 402 and the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412, keeping the temperature in the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 at 75 ℃ (atmospheric distillation), allowing extracting solution steam in the oilstone separation reaction tower 3 to enter the extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser 23 from the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 413, allowing the extracting solution steam to become liquid when cooled, allowing the liquid extracting solution to enter the extracting solution storage tank 12 through the extracting solution inlet and outlet pipe 222, heating for 3 hours, and closing the reaction tower inlet and outlet valve 413, the extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser 23, the extracting solution inlet and outlet hydraulic control pump 402 and the extracting solution inlet and outlet valve 412 until the extracting solution is completely recovered.
(9) The reactor effluent valve 414 and the asphalt inlet valve 415 are opened, the asphalt is delivered to the asphalt storage tank 13 by the asphalt inlet hydraulic pump 403, and after the delivery is completed, the reactor effluent valve 414 and the asphalt inlet valve 415 are closed, and the separated asphalt in this embodiment is shown in fig. 4.
(10) The inclination of each layer of vibrating filter screen, namely the first vibrating filter screen 311 to the seventh vibrating filter screen 317, is adjusted to 35 degrees, so that aggregates with different particle sizes separated on each layer of vibrating filter screen are respectively conveyed to the aggregate discharging conveyors on the same layer through the aggregate automatic separators on the same layer, each aggregate discharging conveyor conveys the aggregates with different particle sizes to the lifter 20 and conveys the aggregates to the ground, and the aggregates separated in this embodiment are shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, only one characteristic peak in the X-ray diffraction pattern of the asphalt obtained in this embodiment is different from the X-ray diffraction pattern of the new asphalt, and the rest are the same, which indicates that the purity of the asphalt obtained by the method for separating the waste road asphalt mixture from the oilstone is higher, and the method can satisfy the road recycling of most of asphalt, and has a better application prospect.
As shown in fig. 7, the number and the position of characteristic peaks in an FTIR spectrum of the asphalt obtained in this embodiment are the same as those of a FTIR spectrum of new asphalt, but the width of an individual characteristic peak is different from that of a characteristic peak of an FTIR spectrum of new asphalt, which indicates that the functional groups of the asphalt obtained in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the new asphalt, and further indicates that the asphalt separated by the method for separating waste road asphalt from oilstone in this embodiment has high purity and good recycling value by combining with an X-ray diffraction spectrum shown in fig. 6.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 92.20%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 3.73%.
Example 2
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is cyclohexane;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 50 ℃;
(8) the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is kept at 90 ℃ (atmospheric distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 92.98%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 3.68%.
Example 3
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
Removing the extracting solution in the step (6) by dimethylbenzene;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 70 ℃;
(8) the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is kept at 70 ℃ (reduced pressure distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 93.19%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 3.17%.
Example 4
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is dichloromethane;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 30 ℃;
(8) the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is kept at 50 ℃ (atmospheric distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 93.01%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 3.19%.
Example 5
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexane, and the volume ratio of the extracting solution to the mixed solvent is 2: 3;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 45 ℃;
(8) keeping the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 at 75 ℃ for distilling and recovering tetrahydrofuran (atmospheric distillation), and then keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for distilling and recovering cyclohexane (atmospheric distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 94.65%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 1.86%.
Example 6
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
In the step (6), the extracting solution is a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexane, and the volume ratio of the extracting solution to the mixed solvent is 1: 1;
the rest is the same as example 5.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 94.58%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 1.91%.
Example 7
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
In the step (6), the extracting solution is a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexane and xylene, and the volume ratio of the extracting solution to the mixed solvent is 2: 3: 5;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 45 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering tetrahydrofuran (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 75 ℃ in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering cyclohexane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 90 ℃, and distilling and recovering xylene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 80 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 95.41% and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.83%.
Example 8
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexane, xylene and dichloromethane, and the volume ratio of the extracting solution is 3: 4: 7: 6;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 30 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering dichloromethane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 50 ℃ in the medium-oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering tetrahydrofuran (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 75 ℃, distilling and recovering cyclohexane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 90 ℃, and distilling and recovering xylene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 80 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 96.92% and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.11%.
Example 9
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is dichloromethane and 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, and the volume ratio of the extracting solution to the extracting solution is 1: 1;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 30 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering dichloromethane (atmospheric distillation) by keeping the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 at 50 ℃, and then distilling and recovering 1,1, 1-trichloroethane (atmospheric distillation) by keeping the temperature at 83 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 94.92%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 1.55%.
Example 10
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is 1,1, 1-trichloroethane;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 50 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering 1,1, 1-trichloroethane (atmospheric distillation) by keeping the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 at 83 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 92.61%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 3.70%.
Example 11
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
In the step (6), the extracting solution is benzene and normal hexane with the volume ratio of 1: 1;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 50 ℃;
(8) keeping the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 at 85 ℃ for distilling and recovering benzene (atmospheric distillation), and then keeping the temperature at 50 ℃ for distilling and recovering normal hexane (reduced pressure distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 94.37%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 2.05%.
Example 12
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is a mixed solvent of methylnaphthalene, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide, and the volume ratio is as follows: 1:1: 1;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 30 ℃;
(8) the temperature in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3 is firstly kept at 55 ℃ to distill and recover carbon disulfide (atmospheric distillation), the temperature is kept at 85 ℃ to distill and recover carbon tetrachloride (atmospheric distillation), and finally the temperature is kept at 130 ℃ to distill and recover methylnaphthalene (reduced pressure distillation);
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 95.05%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 1.18%.
Example 13
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
In the step (6), the extracting solution is a mixed solvent of trichloromethane, nitrobenzene, methyl cyclopentane and toluene, and the volume ratio is as follows: 1.87:1:1.6: 2.2;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 40 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering trichloromethane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 65 ℃ in the medium-oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering methyl cyclopentane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 80 ℃, distilling and recovering toluene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 55 ℃, and distilling and recovering nitrobenzene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 110 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 96.34%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.17%.
Example 14
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is a mixed solvent of trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, decahydronaphthalene and toluene, and the volume ratio is as follows: 1.75:1:1.125: 2.375;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 50 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering chloroform (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 65 ℃ in the medium-oil-stone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering ethyl acetate (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 85 ℃, distilling and recovering toluene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 55 ℃, maintaining, and distilling and recovering decahydronaphthalene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 95 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 96.62%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.13%.
Example 15
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
The extracting solution in the step (6) is a mixed solvent of 1-bromopropane, ethyl acetate, n-pentane and tetrahydronaphthalene, and the volume ratio is as follows: 2.26:1:1.2: 2.2;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 25 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering n-pentane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 45 ℃ in the medium-oil stone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering 1-bromopropane (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 75 ℃, distilling and recovering ethyl acetate (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 85 ℃, and distilling and recovering tetrahydronaphthalene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 105 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 96.61%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.14%.
Example 16
Waste road asphalt mixture oil-stone separation method
In the step (6), the extracting solution is a mixed solvent of chlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexane and toluene, and the volume ratio is as follows: 1.56:1.17:1: 1.83;
(7) the temperature in the reaction tower 3 is ensured to be 50 ℃;
(8) distilling and recovering tetrahydrofuran (atmospheric distillation) at the temperature of 75 ℃ in the medium oilstone separation reaction tower 3, distilling and recovering cyclohexane at the temperature of 90 ℃ (atmospheric distillation), distilling and recovering toluene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 55 ℃, and distilling and recovering chlorobenzene (reduced pressure distillation) at the temperature of 65 ℃;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt in this example was 96.49%, and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.18%.
Comparative example 1
The extract in the step (6) is 60.0 percent of No. 120 solvent oil (industrial heptane), 25.5 percent of petroleum ether and 14.5 percent of n-heptane;
the rest is the same as in example 1.
The recovery rate of the asphalt of the comparative example was 95.00% and the residual rate of the asphalt in the aggregate was 0.20%.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The method for separating the oilstone from the waste road asphalt mixture is characterized in that the waste road asphalt mixture is conveyed to a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separating device, water washing and drying treatment are sequentially carried out under the vibration action of a multi-layer vibration filtering screen, then the waste road asphalt mixture is subjected to oilstone separation treatment through an extracting solution, and asphalt and aggregate separated by the oilstone are respectively collected;
the extracting solution is a polar solvent, a non-polar solvent or a mixed solvent obtained by mixing the polar solvent and the non-polar solvent;
the polar solvent includes: any one or more of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1,1, 1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, 1-bromopropane, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate;
the non-polar solvent includes: any one or more of xylene, toluene, benzene, tetrahydronaphthalene, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, n-pentane, n-hexane, decalin, methylnaphthalene, carbon tetrachloride and carbon disulfide.
2. The method for separating the oilstone from the waste road asphalt mixture according to claim 1, wherein the weight-volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the extracting solution is 1 g (2 mL-4 mL).
3. The method for separating the asphalt and stone of the waste road asphalt mixture according to claim 2, wherein the volume ratio of the polar solvent to the non-polar solvent is as follows: 40-60% of polar solvent and 50-60% of nonpolar solvent, and the volume sum is 100%.
4. The method for separating the waste road asphalt mixture oilstone as claimed in claim 3, wherein the polar halogenated hydrocarbon accounts for 28-34%, the other polar solvents account for 15-21%, the nonpolar alkane accounts for 18-24%, the nonpolar aromatic hydrocarbon accounts for 33-38%, and the sum of the volume is 100%.
5. The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device comprises an oilstone separation reaction tower (3), wherein the top end of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) is respectively communicated with the water storage tank (11) and the extract storage tank (12) through liquid conveying pipes; a plurality of layers of vibration filtering screens are sequentially arranged in the cavity of the oil-stone separation reaction tower (3); the same end of each layer of the vibration filtering screen is provided with an automatic aggregate separator; each automatic aggregate separator is connected with an aggregate discharging conveyor; the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower (3) is respectively connected with the bottom inlets of the asphalt storage tank (13) and the water storage tank (11).
6. The method for separating the asphalt and stone of the waste road asphalt mixture according to claim 5, wherein the mesh aperture of the multi-layer vibration filtering screen is reduced from the top to the bottom.
7. The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the upper end of the shell at one side of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) is provided with a waste road asphalt mixture feeding hole (420); the waste road asphalt mixture feeding port (420) is connected with the lifter (20) through a waste road asphalt mixture feeding conveyor (210); each aggregate discharging conveyor penetrates through the shell of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) and is connected with the lifter (20); and a heater (32) is arranged on the shell at one side of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) far away from the aggregate automatic separator.
8. The method for separating the waste road asphalt mixture oilstone as claimed in claim 7, wherein an extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser (23) is arranged on an extracting solution inlet and outlet pipe (222) between the extracting solution storage tank (12) and the top end of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3).
9. The waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6 to 8, characterized in that the waste road asphalt mixture is conveyed to a waste road asphalt mixture oilstone separation device, washed and dried in sequence under the vibration action of a plurality of layers of vibration filter screens, then the waste road asphalt mixture is subjected to oilstone separation treatment through an extracting solution, and asphalt and aggregate separated from oilstones are respectively collected, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the waste road asphalt mixture to be processed, conveying the waste road asphalt mixture on the bottom surface to the upper part of the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) by the lifter (20), and entering the oilstone separation reaction tower (3);
step S2, adjusting the multiple layers of vibration filter screens according to the vibration frequency of 20 KHz-60 KHz, and keeping the multiple layers of vibration filter screens in a vibration state all the time in the whole oil-stone separation process;
step S3, controlling water in the water storage tank (11) to enter the oil-stone separation reaction tower (3) until the volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the water is 1 (2-4);
step S4, washing the waste road asphalt mixture for 30-50 min under the washing action of water and the vibration action of the multi-layer vibration filtering screen to obtain a cleaned waste road asphalt mixture; the water after cleaning is recycled to the water storage tank (11);
step S5, keeping the temperature in the oil-stone separation reaction tower (3) at 60-90 ℃, and stopping heating after the waste road asphalt mixture with different grain sizes and cleaned on each layer of vibration filter screen is dried and has no moisture;
step S6, controlling the extracting solution to enter an oilstone separation reaction tower (3) from an extracting solution storage tank (12) until the weight-volume ratio of the waste road asphalt mixture to the extracting solution is 1 g (2 mL-4 mL);
step S7, turning on a heater (32), ensuring the temperature in the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) to be 25-100 ℃, treating for 3-6 h, finishing the oilstone separation process, and stopping the vibration of each layer of vibration filter screen;
step S8, opening an extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser (23), controlling the temperature in the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) to be 30-120 ℃, enabling extracting solution steam in the oilstone separation reaction tower (3) to pass through the extracting solution inlet and outlet condenser (23) to form liquid extracting solution, feeding the liquid extracting solution into an extracting solution storage tank (12), and keeping the temperature of 30-120 ℃ for 2-4 hours;
step S9, conveying the asphalt from the bottom of the oil-stone separation reaction tower (3) to an asphalt storage tank (13);
and S10, adjusting the inclination of each layer of vibration filter screen to 20-50 degrees, respectively conveying the aggregates with different particle sizes separated on each layer of vibration filter screen to the aggregate discharging conveyors on the same layer through the aggregate automatic separators on the same layer, and respectively conveying the aggregates with different particle sizes to the elevator (20) by each aggregate discharging conveyor and conveying the aggregates to the ground.
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