CN113786570B - Cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship - Google Patents
Cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN113786570B CN113786570B CN202111144189.8A CN202111144189A CN113786570B CN 113786570 B CN113786570 B CN 113786570B CN 202111144189 A CN202111144189 A CN 202111144189A CN 113786570 B CN113786570 B CN 113786570B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
- A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
- A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
- A62C31/05—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing with two or more outlets
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a semi-coolingThe carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system for the engine room of the semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship is applied to the semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship. The system of the invention utilizes CO2Carbon dioxide transported in the storage tank extinguishes the fire for the engine room, meets the requirement of FSS rules in the SOLAS convention, and replaces the traditional carbon dioxide high-pressure steel cylinder fire extinguishing system. The system of the invention gasifies the liquid carbon dioxide in the engine room by adopting two modes of nozzle spraying gasification and hot water well gasification, can fill the whole engine room in a short time, greatly improves the fire extinguishing efficiency of the engine room of the ship, and improves the safety of ship navigation. The system effectively reduces the cost of the fire extinguishing system on the carbon dioxide carrier, and has high practical significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of a semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship.
Background
Global warming is one of the environmental issues that are currently of great concern to international society. In recent years, with the increasing emission of carbon dioxide gas, carbon emission reduction, sequestration and transportation technologies are receiving wide attention from the ship industry. The international maritime organization puts higher requirements on carbon emission, and China sets an ambitious goal of '2030 year carbon peak reaching and 2060 year carbon neutralization'. Under the background of increasingly severe carbon emission at home and abroad, how to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide becomes an important problem which needs to be solved urgently.
To reduce carbon emissions on a large scale, carbon dioxide can be captured and utilized or stored. Carbon dioxide is widely used in industry, and solid carbon dioxide (commonly called dry ice) can be used as a raw material for industrial production. At present, the common storage methods of carbon dioxide mainly comprise ore carbonization, seawater carbon sequestration, mine sealing and the like. For example, the storage capacity of an iceland is 2.5 trillion tons of carbon dioxide, which exceeds the global carbon dioxide emission of 55 years. However, the utilization and storage of carbon dioxide require offshore transfer and transportation of carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide transport vessels are one of the important means for transporting carbon dioxide.
The storage tanks of the carbon dioxide transport ship have full-cooling type, full-pressure type and semi-cooling and semi-pressure type, and the full-cooling type and full-pressure type storage tanks have great defects. The carbon dioxide is liquefied in a high-pressure mode under the full pressure, and the requirement on the pressure of the storage tank is high; the full cooling type needs to reduce the temperature in the storage tank to about minus 79 ℃, and needs high-cost refrigeration equipment and a thick storage tank heat-insulating layer. The pressure in the semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank is between 1.0MPa and 1.5MPa, the temperature is maintained between-36.61 ℃ and-25.74 ℃, the requirements on the temperature and the pressure of the required storage tank are low, the cost is low, and the use of the semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide storage tank has great advantages. Therefore, the semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship is the most ideal mode for transporting liquid carbon dioxide.
In order to ensure the life safety of the crew, the ship must be provided with a fire safety system according to the requirement of FSS regulation in the SOLAS convention, and a carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is one of the most widely applied fire extinguishing systems on the ship at present. A common carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system for ships is to store carbon dioxide in a steel cylinder in a liquid state under pressure, and deliver a carbon dioxide extinguishing agent to a target cabin for extinguishing fire through a pipeline and a valve when a fire occurs. Usually, CO provided on ships2The number of cylinders is as high as hundreds, and the periodic CO treatment is required2The steel cylinder is checked and replaced, and the traditional fire extinguishing system is high in cost. Thus, if the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide carrier tank can be used to extinguish a fire in a ship's compartment, the conventional CO can be dispensed with2The use of the high-pressure steel cylinder reduces the cost of the fire extinguishing system of the carbon dioxide carrier.
The ship hot water well is one of important components of a ship auxiliary boiler water supply system, and has the main function of collecting water vapor generated by internal circulation work of an auxiliary boiler, condensing the water vapor and storing the condensed water vapor for the system to recycle so as to reduce the waste of fresh water for ships. The temperature of the water in the hot water well is relatively high, the specific heat of the water is large, and the heat contained in the hot water well is large.
Based on the above, if the cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of the semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship can be provided, the system can extinguish fire by utilizing carbon dioxide in the storage tank when the cabin of the carbon dioxide transport ship catches fire, and accelerate CO by utilizing the heat of water with larger specific heat capacity in the ship hot water well2The gasification speed is reduced, and CO is reduced2The time of full cabin, the system will have high practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above and provides a cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of a semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship, which can replace the original high-pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The invention is applied to a semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship, and CO2The pressure in the storage tank is between 1.0MPa and 1.5MPa, the temperature is maintained between-36.61 ℃ and-25.74 ℃, and the carbon dioxide is in a liquid state. In the invention, when the ship engine room catches fire, the carbon dioxide in the storage tank is transported to the engine room through the pipeline and the valve under the action of pressure, and the liquid carbon dioxide can be quickly gasified, thus the fire extinguishing effect is good.
The system of the invention comprises: CO 22Storage tank, liquid storage well, CO2Pipeline, emergency valve, nozzle, hot-water well.
The CO is2The storage tank is arranged in a cargo hold of the carbon dioxide transport ship, and the carbon dioxide is liquefied and stored in CO by adopting a semi-cold semi-pressure technology2In the storage tank.
The liquid storage well is arranged in a CO adjacent to the engine room2The bottom of the storage tank is close to one side of the stern direction.
The CO is2Pipeline connected with CO2Storage tank and marine engine room, CO2Pipeline in CO2The left end and the right end of the liquid storage well in the storage tank are respectively provided with a shunt pipeline inserted into the bottom of the liquid storage well.
The emergency valve is provided with two gears of opening and closing, is arranged at a position outside the cabin of the main deck of the ship, which is easy to contact by a crew, and is symmetrically arranged on the port and the starboard of the ship.
The nozzle is arranged at the top of the marine engine room, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged at certain intervals.
The hot water well is arranged in the engine room of the ship and is communicated with CO2And (5) connecting the pipelines.
When the cabin of the carbon dioxide transport ship catches fire, the emergency valve on the deck is opened, and the liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank flows into the cabin through the pipeline. One part of carbon dioxide is sprayed out through a nozzle at the top of the engine room to be quickly gasified, and the other part of carbon dioxide is introduced into a hot water well to absorb heat and be gasified, so that the whole engine room is quickly filled with the carbon dioxide to achieve the effect of extinguishing fire. Setting CO into the hot well2The pipeline is thicker than the pipeline connected with the nozzle, so that the release efficiency of the carbon dioxide gas is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the system is applied to a semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship, and directly utilizes the CO in the cargo hold2The carbon dioxide in the storage tank extinguishes the ship engine room without additionally arranging CO2The high-pressure steel cylinder greatly reduces the cost of the fire extinguishing system of the carbon dioxide carrier.
2. The system is used for extinguishing fire of the engine room of the carbon dioxide transport ship, and the expansion speed of carbon dioxide in the engine room is increased by utilizing two gasification modes of high-pressure spray gasification of the nozzle and heat gasification of the hot water well, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved, and the safety of ship navigation is improved.
3. When the carbon dioxide transport ship unloads and returns to a voyage, the storage tank can retain part of carbon dioxide for extinguishing a fire, and when the carbon dioxide is refilled, the storage tank does not need precooling operation, so that the loading and unloading process of carbon dioxide goods is simplified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the operation of the system of the present invention when the carbon dioxide transport vessel is fully loaded;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the operation of the system of the present invention during a return voyage of a carbon dioxide transport vessel;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stern to bow tank position of the vessel while the vessel is floating;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stern to bow tank position during roll of the vessel;
in the drawings: 1.CO2A storage tank; 2. a liquid storage well; CO 32A pipeline; 4. an emergency valve; 5. a nozzle; 6. a hot water well.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of a semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide carrier, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprising: CO 22 Storage tank 1, liquid storage well 2, CO2Pipeline 3, emergency valve 4, nozzle 5, hot-water well 6.
As shown in figure 1, the system of the invention is applied to a semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship, and a plurality of CO are arranged in a cargo hold of the ship2Storage tank 1 in a CO adjacent to the cabin2The bottom of the storage tank 1 is provided with a liquid storage well 2, CO2Pipeline 3 communicating with CO2Tank 1 and marine engine room, CO2The pipe 3 is inserted into the bottom of the liquid storage well 2. The liquid storage well 2 is arranged in the CO2The tank 1 is close to one side in the stern direction because: when the ship unloads and returns to a voyage, the reduction of the load capacity leads to the reduction of draught, and in order to improve the working efficiency of the propeller, the ship can sail in a tail-tipping mode. Thus, the liquid storage well 2 is provided on the side closer to the stern direction, so that CO is discharged when the ship is heeled2The pipe 3 can also transport sufficient carbon dioxide into the cabin, improving safety.
The emergency valve 4 of the system is arranged at a position which is easily accessible by a crew outside a cabin of a main deck of a ship, and according to the requirement of FSS regulation in the SOLAS convention, the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of the ship needs to fill 95 percent of the cabin within about 30s, so that the interval time from opening to closing of the emergency valve 4 can be set to be 30s, and when the fire of the ship is high, the emergency valve 4 can be opened again to release 30s of carbon dioxide. To meet the requirement that carbon dioxide fills 95% of the cabin in 30s, CO2The pipeline 3 needs to be provided with a proper aperture according to the size of the cabin space so as to meet the requirement of introducing cabin CO2Amount (v). The nozzles 5 are arranged at the top of the ship cabin and are provided with a plurality of nozzles at certain intervals, and liquid carbon dioxide can be quickly gasified when being sprayed out through the nozzles 5. The hot well 6 is an important component of a water supply system of an auxiliary boiler of a ship, and CO2The pipeline 3 is led into a hot water well 6, and the relatively high temperature of the hot water well 6 is utilized to accelerate the gasification of the liquid carbon dioxide. In practical application, the hot water well 6 is properly enlarged, so that more water can be stored, and the gasification efficiency of the liquid carbon dioxide is improved. Since there is only one CO2The pipe 3 opens into a hot water well 6, thus requiringThe pipeline that sets up to let in hot-water well 6 is thicker than the pipeline of connecting nozzle 5, and the liquid carbon dioxide of each position of rational distribution makes carbon dioxide be full of the cabin fast, improves fire extinguishing efficiency.
As shown in figure 1, when a ship cabin catches fire in the process of transporting carbon dioxide to a destination by a carbon dioxide transport ship, ship workers open an emergency valve 4 outside a main deck cabin, and CO is transported2The liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank 1 is passed through CO2The pipeline 3 is transported to the nozzle 5 and the hot water well 6 for rapid gasification and fire extinguishing, and the emergency valve 4 is closed after 30s of carbon dioxide is released. As shown in figure 2, when the ship is unloaded and sails back, the CO in the liquid storage well 2 is arranged2Sufficient liquid carbon dioxide remains in the tank 1 and can be used to extinguish fires in a ship. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the liquid storage well 2 has a large width, sufficient liquid carbon dioxide can be reserved, and the left and right ends of the liquid storage well 2 are respectively provided with a CO inserted into the bottom thereof2The shunting pipeline of the pipeline 3 ensures that liquid carbon dioxide can be normally transported when the ship is unloaded and rolls back, thereby improving the safety.
Further, marine CO2The retention of carbon dioxide in the storage tank 1 can accelerate CO2And (4) filling. Normally empty CO2When the storage tank 1 is filled with carbon dioxide, the tank body needs to be precooled in advance so as to avoid thermal stress caused by the fact that the carbon dioxide is filled under the non-precooling condition. While retaining part of the carbon dioxide CO2The storage tank 1 does not need to be precooled, so that the filling procedure during carbon dioxide transportation can be simplified, and the cargo transportation efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the system is applied to a semi-cooled and semi-compressed carbon dioxide transport ship, and the transported carbon dioxide is used for extinguishing the fire of a ship cabin, so that the system can replace a carbon dioxide high-pressure steel cylinder fire extinguishing system which is forcibly equipped by the ship according to the marine specification. CO originally provided in ships2The steel cylinders are hundreds, the cost can be greatly saved by using the system, and more importantly, the cargo hold and the fuel hold of the ship can also be subjected to fire extinguishing and inerting treatment by using the system. The invention can quickly and effectively extinguish fire in the engine room of the ship and reduce the cost of the fire extinguishing system of the carbon dioxide transport ship.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited by the above embodiments, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems of half cold half pressure carbon dioxide transport ship which characterized in that: the system comprises CO2Storage tank (1), liquid storage well (2), CO2A pipeline (3), an emergency valve (4), a nozzle (5) and a hot water well (6),
the CO is2The storage tank (1) is arranged in a cargo hold of the carbon dioxide transport ship, and the liquid storage well (2) is arranged in the CO2Bottom of storage tank (1), said CO2The pipeline (3) is communicated with CO2A storage tank (1) and a marine engine room, the CO2One end of the pipeline (3) is arranged in the hot water well (6), and the other end is arranged in the CO2In a liquid storage well (2) in the storage tank (1), the emergency valve (4) is arranged in the CO2The pipeline (3) is arranged outside the cabin of the main deck of the ship, a plurality of nozzles (5) are arranged and uniformly distributed on the top of the cabin of the ship,
the system is applied to a semi-cold semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship, and utilizes CO in a cargo hold of the carbon dioxide transport ship2Carbon dioxide transported in the storage tank (1) extinguishes the ship engine room, CO2Liquid carbon dioxide in the storage tank (1) is treated by CO2The pipeline (3) is transported to the nozzle (5) and the hot water well (6), and the two gasification modes of high-pressure spraying gasification of the nozzle (5) and heat gasification of the hot water well (6) are utilized to quickly gasify and extinguish fire.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the liquid storage well (2) is arranged in the CO2The bottom of the storage tank (1) is close to one side of the stern.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises a carbon dioxide extinguishing system for a cabin of a semi-cooled semi-pressurized carbon dioxide carrier vesselThe method comprises the following steps: the CO is2The pipeline (3) is in CO2The left end and the right end of a liquid storage well (2) in the storage tank (1) are respectively provided with a shunt pipeline inserted into the bottom of the liquid storage well (2).
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the CO is2Liquid CO is stored in the storage tank (1)2And the carbon dioxide is liquefied and stored by adopting a semi-cold semi-pressure technology.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111144189.8A CN113786570B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111144189.8A CN113786570B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113786570A CN113786570A (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CN113786570B true CN113786570B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN202111144189.8A Active CN113786570B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Cabin carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system of semi-cooled semi-pressure carbon dioxide transport ship |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB190629184A (en) * | 1906-12-21 | 1907-12-05 | Charles Theryc | Improvements in or relating to Automatic Fire Extinguishing Apparatus. |
| GB191326356A (en) * | 1913-11-17 | 1914-07-02 | Thomas Patton Shaw | Fire Preventing and Extinguishing Systems. |
| GB1081433A (en) * | 1964-07-14 | 1967-08-31 | William Herbert Falconer | Carbon dioxide storage on board ship |
| CN101618255B (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-11-09 | 兖州煤业股份有限公司 | Mine carbon dioxide fire prevention and extinguishment technology and device therefor |
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