CN113785904A - Probiotics mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house - Google Patents

Probiotics mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113785904A
CN113785904A CN202111087462.8A CN202111087462A CN113785904A CN 113785904 A CN113785904 A CN 113785904A CN 202111087462 A CN202111087462 A CN 202111087462A CN 113785904 A CN113785904 A CN 113785904A
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chicken
plateau
livestock
extract
ration
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刘丕龙
李龙
王利红
赵丽丽
严顺华
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Northwest A&F University
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Northwest A&F University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
    • A01K67/02Breeding vertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry

Abstract

The invention discloses a probiotic mixed feed and a method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock and poultry breeding house. The henhouse oxygen concentration is controlled to be kept within the range of 25-27%. The change of the daily ration structure is that after the chicken is hatched for 14 days, probiotic mixed feed is added into the daily ration. The feed comprises 1-3% of honeysuckle extract and 1-3% of beef liver extract, and 1-5 multiplied by 10 of the honeysuckle extract and the beef liver extract are added for every 1g of the honeysuckle extract and the beef liver extract10Probiotic bacteria of CFU. The invention effectively improvesThe survival rate of chicken breeding in high altitude areas improves the daily gain, the daily feed intake and the feed utilization rate.

Description

Probiotics mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of poultry breeding, relates to a breeding method suitable for chickens in a high altitude area, and particularly relates to a probiotic mixed feed and a method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock breeding house.
Background
Broiler ascites syndrome is a non-infectious disease of broiler chicks characterized by obvious hydrops in abdominal cavity, pulmonary congestion, hydropericardium, right ventricular hypertrophy and liver tissue degeneration, is mostly caused by broiler chicks of about 25-70 days old, and is most common in regions with higher altitude, also called as broiler high altitude disease. The pathogenic causes are complex and are often greatly different according to different regions, population density, management and feeding environments; its pathogenesis is related to the hypoxia of the body caused by various reasons. The clinical morbidity is about 5-10%, the serious chicken flocks can reach about 30%, and the morbidity and mortality rate can reach about 60-70%. The symptoms are not obvious in the early stage of the disease, and are already in the middle and later stages of the disease process when ascites appears, and the treatment is usually poor in the outcome. In the breeding production, the disease becomes one of the important diseases with high death and culling rate of the broilers at present, the performance of the production performance of the broilers is restricted, and the breeding production cost is increased.
At present, researchers do relevant research on improving the survival rate of chickens in high altitude areas by controlling the oxygen concentration of a henhouse and changing the daily ration structure, but the improvement effect of various methods on the survival rate of the chickens is still insufficient. The inventor of the patent application can effectively improve the survival rate of the chickens in the high altitude area, improve the daily gain, daily feed intake and feed utilization rate of the chickens and reduce the extra cost caused by death of the chickens by deep research and providing the probiotics mixed feed and the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house. Meanwhile, the method is not shown in the known literature, and the beneficial effect of the method for improving the survival rate of the chickens in the high-altitude area is difficult to know by the ordinary skilled person in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the survival rate of chickens in high altitude areas and improve daily gain, daily feed intake and feed utilization rate.
Based on the above purposes, the invention provides a probiotic mixed feed and a method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, wherein the method comprises the steps of controlling the oxygen concentration of a chicken house and changing the daily ration structure.
Further, according to the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, the oxygen concentration of the chicken house is controlled to be kept at 25% -27% by mass. The indoor oxygen concentration can not be accurately controlled to be a specific value, the invention does not accurately control the indoor oxygen concentration, and the indoor oxygen concentration can be kept at 25-27%.
Furthermore, according to the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, the change of the daily ration structure is that honeysuckle extract, beef liver extract and probiotics are added into the daily ration, and the probiotics come from the intestinal tract of the Tibetan chicken. By changing the daily feed structure and combining the honeysuckle extract, the beef liver extract and the probiotics in a certain ratio, the stress capability of the chicken in the high-altitude area environment can be effectively improved, and the survival rate is improved. The daily ration prepared by the method is the probiotic mixed feed.
Further, according to the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, the time for changing the daily ration structure is 14 days after the chickens are hatched. The purpose of changing the daily ration structure is to cooperate with the control of the oxygen concentration of the chicken house, reduce the influence of the environment of the high-altitude area on the chickens, and maximally save the breeding cost by changing the daily ration structure after the chickens are hatched for 14 days.
Further, according to the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, the addition amount of the honeysuckle extract is 1-3% and the addition amount of the beef liver extract is 1-3% by mass ratio.
Further, according to the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, 1-5 multiplied by 10 is required to be added for every 1g of honeysuckle extract and bovine liver extract based on the added mass of the honeysuckle extract and the bovine liver extract10Probiotic bacteria of CFU.
The preparation method of the honeysuckle extract is not particularly limited in the present invention. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house takes the crushed material of the pruned branches of the honeysuckle as the raw material, and the honeysuckle extract is obtained after the airing and the crushing.
Relates to a preparation method of the probiotics. Selecting healthy adult free-range Tibetan chickens, determining that antibiotics are never added in the Tibetan chickens in the feeding process through early-stage investigation and visit, bleeding and killing the neck, immediately and aseptically collecting the oxazine capsules, duodenum, ileum and cecum, collecting intestinal contents, and scraping intestinal mucosa. The intestinal contents were cultured in MRS medium and all bacteria were centrifuged (6000xg, 15min) at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. The probiotic was then obtained by rinsing 3 times with sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and diluting to 100 μ l in PBS. The probiotic suspension was serially diluted in sterile PBS and after incubation for 24 hours at 37 ℃, 100 μ l of the diluted suspension was inoculated on agar to count colonies, probiotic concentration was recorded and the probiotic powder was made using a lyophilizer using skim milk powder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the probiotic mixed feed and the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house, and the patent inventors test the method, so that the method can effectively improve the survival rate of chickens in high-altitude areas, and improve the daily gain, daily feed intake and feed utilization rate of the chickens.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a feeding test of breeding chickens in a high altitude area by using a probiotic mixed feed and a method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock breeding house. The method includes controlling the oxygen concentration in the chicken house and changing the ration configuration.
The breeding test place is a broiler breeding farm in the city of Tibetan glossy ganoderma. The honeysuckle extract used in the feeding test is provided by Shaanxi Bolin biotechnology limited, the beef liver extract is provided by Lanzhou Wotteli biotechnology limited, the probiotic fermentation and the bacterial powder preparation are used for selecting healthy adult free-range Tibetan chickens, through early investigation and visit, the fact that antibiotics are never added in the Tibetan chickens in the feeding process is determined, neck bleeding and death are caused, the oxazine capsules, duodenum, ileum and caecum are immediately collected in an aseptic mode, intestinal contents are collected, and intestinal mucosa is scraped. The intestinal contents were cultured in MRS medium and all bacteria were centrifuged (6000xg, 15min) at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. The probiotic was then obtained by rinsing 3 times with sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and diluting to 100 μ l in PBS. The probiotic suspension was serially diluted in sterile PBS and after incubation at 37 ℃ for 24 hours, 100 μ l of the diluted suspension was inoculated on agar to count colonies and probiotic concentration was recorded. After the probiotics are collected, the fermentation and bacterium powder preparation process is carried out by referring to the method of using Lihonglong and the like (Lihonglong, Wangzhi, Waja. lactic acid bacteria preparation to the production performance of the broiler chicken [ J ]. feed industry, 2008.). Firstly, picking single colony to prepare seed liquid, and then inoculating the seed liquid into a fermentation tank for further expanded culture. Centrifuging the bacteria liquid obtained by enlarged culture in fermentation tank, collecting bacteria mud, adding protective agent (skimmed milk powder and glycerol), mixing, freeze drying, grinding into powder, diluting and counting 0.1g of bacteria powder, and storing at-20 deg.C.
(1) Probiotic mixed feed and application effect of method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house
The breeding test adopts a single-factor completely random design, healthy AA broiler chickens of 1 day old are selected and randomly divided into different treatment groups according to the weight, each treatment group is provided with 3 repetitions, each treatment group is provided with 100 repetitions, the breeding test is carried out for 42 days, and each treatment group is independently cultured and does not circulate each other. The oxygen concentration of the chicken coop is not controlled in the blank control group, basic ration without antibiotics is fed, brooding daily ration is fed in the early growth period (0-21 days), brooding daily ration is fed in the later growth period (22-42 days), and the formula of the experimental basic daily ration is shown in table 1. The oxygen concentration of the chicken coop is controlled to be kept at 25% -27% in the control group 1, basic ration without antibiotics is fed, brooding ration is fed in the early growth period (0-21 days), and brooding ration is fed in the later growth period (22-42 days). And (3) controlling the group 2 without controlling the oxygen concentration of the chicken house, normally feeding basic ration without antibiotics for 1-14 days, feeding basic ration containing aureomycin of 50mg/kg after 14 days, feeding brooding daily ration for 0-21 days in the early growth period, and feeding brooding daily ration for 22-42 days in the later growth period. The control group 3 controls the oxygen concentration of the chicken house to be kept at 25% -27%, feeds basic ration containing aureomycin of 50mg/kg, feeds the brooding ration in the early growth period (0-21 days), and feeds the brooding ration in the later growth period (22-42 days). Controlling groups 4-6 without controlling the oxygen concentration of the chicken house, normally feeding basic ration without antibiotics in 1-14 days, feeding probiotic mixed feed after 14 days and basic ration prepared by changing the ration structure in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to the method for regulating the internal environment of the chicken house, specifically referring to table 2, feeding brooding ration in the early growth period (0-21) days, and feeding the brooding ration in the later growth period (22-42 days). The oxygen concentration of the henhouse is controlled to be kept at 25% -27% in the test groups 1-3, after 14 days, the henhouse is fed with a probiotic mixed feed and the plateau livestock and poultry house internal environment is adjusted, the basic ration prepared by changing the ration structure is specifically shown in table 2, the brooding ration is fed in the early growth period (0-21 days), and the brooding ration is fed in the later growth period (22-42 days). During the test period, the patients can eat and drink water freely. The illumination program adopts 24 hours illumination in the first week, 23 hours illumination later and 1 hour light-off. Immunization and sterilization were performed according to conventional procedures. The poultry house temperature is kept at about 35 ℃ in the first week, gradually and slowly reduced from the second week, and kept at about 25 ℃ in the 4 th week and later of the breeding period.
TABLE 1 basic ration composition for testing
Figure BDA0003266331570000061
Accurately weighing the weight of each repeated chicken on the 42 th day, counting the feed consumption and the weight gain of the repeated chicken in the above stages, and calculating the Average Daily Gain (ADG), the Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI), the feed utilization rate (FCR) and the mortality (DR) of each repeated broiler in each stage, wherein the data recording results are shown in Table 2. These several parameters must have at least a data unit.
TABLE 2 application effects of probiotic mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house
Figure BDA0003266331570000062
Figure BDA0003266331570000071
As can be seen from the data in the table 2, the probiotic mixed feed and the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house can effectively improve the survival rate of chickens in high-altitude areas by controlling the oxygen concentration of the chicken house and changing the daily ration structure, and improve the daily gain, daily feed intake and feed utilization rate of the chickens. Wherein, when the oxygen concentration of the chicken house is controlled to be 25-27 percent, the chicken house is fed with the feed after 14 days, and 3 percent of honeysuckle extract, 3 percent of beef liver extract and 5 multiplied by 10 are added10CFU/g probiotic, feed utilization (FCR) reached 1.79 and mortality was significantly lower than other groups.
(2) Application effect of probiotic bacteria single-dose feed for controlling oxygen concentration of henhouse in cooperation manner under control of oxygen concentration of henhouse
The test method is the same as the content in the step (1), and the experiment is divided into a honeysuckle extract single-dose group, a beef liver extract and a probiotic single-dose group under the condition of controlling the oxygen concentration of the henhouse, and the specific addition amount is shown in a table 3.
Table 3, application effects of probiotic mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house
Figure BDA0003266331570000081
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the honeysuckle extract, the beef liver extract and the probiotics can improve the survival rate of the chickens in the altitude area within a proper range, but the influence effects on the daily gain, the daily feed intake and the feed utilization rate are not ideal. By combining the test data results in the table 2 and comparing the individual factors, the probiotic mixed feed and the method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house provided by the invention can effectively reduce the death rate of chickens in high altitude areas, and simultaneously improve the daily gain, daily feed intake and feed utilization rate, namely realize the improvement of the production performance.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably implemented, and the above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications of the technical solution of the present invention made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock and poultry breeding house is characterized by comprising the steps of controlling the oxygen concentration of a chicken house and changing the daily ration structure of chicken.
2. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 1, wherein the controlling of the oxygen concentration in the chicken house is performed by keeping the concentration in the chicken house at 25% -27% by mass.
3. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 1, wherein the change of the structure of the chicken ration is to add honeysuckle extract, beef liver extract and probiotics to the chicken ration.
4. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 3, wherein the time for changing the daily ration structure of the chickens is 14 days after the chickens are hatched.
5. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 3, wherein the addition amount of the honeysuckle extract is 1% -3% of the chicken ration by mass ratio, and the addition amount of the beef liver extract is 1% -3% of the chicken ration by mass ratio.
6. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 3, wherein 1-5 x 10 of honeysuckle extract and bovine liver extract are added for every 1g of honeysuckle extract and bovine liver extract added by the total weight of the honeysuckle extract and the bovine liver extract10Probiotic bacteria of CFU.
7. The method for regulating the environment in the plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to claim 6, wherein the probiotics are derived from the intestinal tract of Tibetan chicken.
8. A probiotic mixed feed is characterized by comprising a chicken daily ration and an additional additive.
9. The probiotic mixed feed according to claim 8, wherein the additional additives comprise 1-3 g of honeysuckle extract per 100g of chicken ration and 1-3 g of beef liver extract per 100g of chicken ration by mass of the chicken ration; adding 1-5 multiplied by 10 of honeysuckle extract and bovine liver extract into every 1g of honeysuckle extract and bovine liver extract in terms of total adding mass10Probiotic bacteria of CFU.
10. The use of the method for regulating the environment in a plateau livestock and poultry breeding house according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in chicken breeding.
CN202111087462.8A 2021-09-16 2021-09-16 Probiotics mixed feed and method for regulating environment in plateau livestock and poultry breeding house Pending CN113785904A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117016675A (en) * 2023-07-26 2023-11-10 四川农业大学 Honeysuckle leaf extract and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117016675A (en) * 2023-07-26 2023-11-10 四川农业大学 Honeysuckle leaf extract and preparation method and application thereof

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