CN113784304A - Communication system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The communication system provided by the invention has the advantages that the communication cost is reduced by adopting the communication network built by the field area sensor network, the near area coverage network, the wide area return network and the backbone network, the communication quality is higher, and the signal coverage range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a communication system based on power transmission line heterogeneous convergence networking.
Background
Because the overhead transmission lines in China are many and have many and wide distribution points, especially the ultrahigh voltage transmission lines in western regions have complicated all-line terrain and great construction difficulty, the distribution of grassland, forest and protection areas along the line is wide, the climatic environment and the geographic environment are severe, and the ecological environment-friendly requirement is high. Part of lines pass through the unmanned area, the line corridor is basically not covered by public network signals, the number of OPGW optical cable openings on the lines is small, no redundant cable cores exist, and the line operation and detection are extremely difficult. At present, the transmission requirements of service data such as power transmission line equipment body monitoring, fine line patrol, channel visualization, disaster assessment and the like are urgently needed to be met, meanwhile, the problem of timely communication among line patrol personnel is needed to be solved, multi-dimensional perception diagnosis of line states and channel environments is achieved, abnormal hidden danger autonomous early warning and fault real-time warning are achieved, and the safety of the line patrol personnel is guaranteed.
The communication schemes disclosed in the prior art generally include:
1. wireless 4G public network: because the height of the power transmission line tower is generally higher than the height of the antenna of the public network base station, the back lobe is easy to form empty overlapping coverage and weak coverage according to the characteristics of the antenna, and the problems of signal interruption, ping-pong switching, unreasonable adjacent area setting and the like are caused. When an operator deploys and optimizes a 4G network, the signal strength of ground coverage (building wear, indoor coverage and the like) and the network relationship (neighbor cell relationship, switching strategy and the like) are mainly guaranteed, and the quality of the air signal is difficult to coordinate and optimize.
2. Wireless 5G public network: due to the high cost of network construction, most of the transmission line areas are not brought into the recent 5G network construction planning of operators at present, and even if the existing 5G public network covers, the problem similar to the 4G public network also exists.
3. Optical fiber wired method: the optical fiber system has large communication capacity and strong anti-electromagnetic interference, and can adopt a mature optical fiber system, but if a large number of interfaces are opened on the existing OPGW optical fiber of the power transmission line, the operation stability of the power transmission line can be reduced, so that the OPGW optical cable openings on the line are generally fewer. In addition, the span of the OPGW optical fiber joint is large, the middle tower node equipment without the optical fiber opening still needs to be gathered by wireless equipment, the cost of laying the optical cable from the optical fiber access node tower to a transformer substation is high, the construction period is long, and complicated operation, equipment and technology are needed for cutting and splicing the optical fiber; the texture is crisp, the mechanical strength is poor, the product is easy to be damaged by external force or is easy to be bitten by animals, and the maintenance is difficult.
4. Microwave communication: microwave anti-blocking and multi-path interference capabilities are general, and the method is suitable for point-to-point directional communication and is difficult to meet the requirement of an unmanned aerial vehicle inspection service scene as a line-of-sight communication mode.
5. The satellite communication cost is expensive, the available bandwidth is low, but the full coverage is achieved, and the method can be considered only in narrow-band application occasions where optical fibers, private wireless networks and public wireless networks are not suitable.
Therefore, a communication scheme with low cost and high reliability is urgently needed, and the problems of insufficient quality of the wireless signals along the power transmission line and no signal coverage can be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a communication system, so as to provide a communication scheme with low cost and high reliability, which can solve the problems of poor quality of the empty coverage and no signal coverage of the wireless signals along the power transmission line.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a communication system, comprising:
the system comprises a field area sensing network, a near area coverage network, a wide area return network and a backbone network;
the field area sensing network is used for acquiring narrow-band data and visual broadband data in a target range through gateway equipment and sending the acquired narrow-band data and visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network;
the near-field coverage network covers N field sensing networks, N is a positive integer not less than 2, M first self-networking devices are arranged in the near-field coverage network, the value of M is not less than 3, the first self-networking devices are used for acquiring return data of the gateway device and patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and sending the return data of the gateway device and the patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the wide-field return network;
the wide area return network covers X near area coverage networks, X is a positive integer not less than 2, X bridge devices connected in a back-to-back mode are arranged in the wide area return network, and the bridge devices are used for acquiring return data of the near area coverage networks and sending the return data to substation equipment;
the backbone network is arranged between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station and used for realizing data interaction between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station.
Optionally, in the communication system, the gateway device includes:
the narrow-band communication network acquires narrow-band data in the target range in a wired or wireless mode and sends the acquired narrow-band data to a near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs;
and the broadband communication network is used for acquiring the visual broadband data in the target range through a network constructed by second ad hoc network equipment and sending the acquired visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs.
Optionally, in the communication system, a communication network constructed by the second ad hoc network is a Mesh network.
Optionally, in the communication system, the near-area overlay network has at least two ad hoc network backhaul links, each ad hoc network backhaul link is not higher than a preset hop node, each ad hoc network backhaul link includes a plurality of first ad hoc network devices, the first ad hoc network devices are disposed on a tower node, and a communication radius of the first ad hoc network devices in the same ad hoc network backhaul link is greater than a preset distance, so as to implement interval communication between the first ad hoc network devices.
Optionally, in the communication system, the first ad hoc network device is provided with an unmanned aerial vehicle communication module, and the unmanned aerial vehicle communication module is used for performing data interaction with an unmanned aerial vehicle within a communication range of the first ad hoc network device.
Optionally, in the communication system, a communication distance of the first ad hoc network device is not less than 3KM, and a communication distance between the bridge devices is not less than 30 KM.
Optionally, in the communication system, the backbone network is a 5G network constructed by optical fibers.
Optionally, in the communication system, the substation equipment deploys a local network by using a 5G integrated base station.
Based on the foregoing technical solutions, in the foregoing solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the communication system includes: the system comprises a field area sensing network, a near area coverage network, a wide area return network and a backbone network; the field area sensing network is used for acquiring narrow-band data and visual broadband data in a target range through gateway equipment and sending the acquired narrow-band data and visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network; the near-field coverage network covers N field sensing networks, N is a positive integer not less than 2, M first self-networking devices are arranged in the near-field coverage network, the value of M is not less than 3, and the first self-networking devices are used for acquiring return data of the gateway device and sending the return data to the wide-area return network; the wide area return network covers X near area coverage networks, X is a positive integer not less than 2, X bridge devices connected in a back-to-back mode are arranged in the wide area return network, and the bridge devices are used for acquiring return data of the near area coverage networks and sending the return data to substation equipment; the backbone network is arranged between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station and used for realizing data interaction between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station. The communication network is built by adopting the field sensing network, the near field coverage network, the wide area return network and the backbone network, so that the communication cost is reduced, the communication quality is high, and the signal coverage range is wide.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method of a field sensor network disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission manner of a near-area overlay network disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method of a wide area backhaul network according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission method of a wide area backhaul network according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission manner between a substation device and a monitoring master station disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, the operation and maintenance services of the power transmission line mainly comprise two types of unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and online monitoring, the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection requires real-time transmission of flight control data of the unmanned aerial vehicle and high-speed transmission of inspection videos, and the online monitoring data mainly comprise line image videos, wire temperature, leakage current, icing conditions, environmental meteorology and the like. In order to realize reliable transmission of operation inspection service data of the power transmission line, the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can fully combine the technical advantages of ad hoc network and network bridge/relay, so as to provide a communication scheme with low cost and high reliability which can solve the problems of insufficient quality of wireless signal coverage along the power transmission line and no signal coverage, the present application provides a communication system based on the heterogeneous integration networking scheme of the power transmission line, the whole architecture of the system is divided into four levels, see fig. 1, and the communication system can include:
a field area sensor network 100, a near area coverage network 200, a wide area backhaul network 300 and a backbone network 400;
regarding the field area sensor network 100, the field area sensor network 100 is configured to acquire narrowband data and visual broadband data within a target range through a gateway device, and send the acquired narrowband data and visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network;
in the technical solution disclosed in this embodiment, the field area sensor network 100 is used to implement a short-distance communication link from the wire monitoring terminal and the tower monitoring terminal to the tower node, that is, to transmit data collected by the monitoring terminal near the tower to the tower node.
In the technical solution disclosed in the embodiment of the present application, the gateway device comprises: the narrow-band communication network acquires narrow-band data in the target range in a wired or wireless mode and sends the acquired narrow-band data to a near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs; the broadband communication network is used for acquiring the visual broadband data in the target range through a network constructed by second ad hoc network equipment and sending the acquired visual broadband data to a near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs.
Specifically, in the present solution, referring to fig. 1, the communication mode in the field sensor network 100 may be divided into two modes:
firstly, various monitoring sensors on the short-distance communication link collect various narrow-band data such as states of wires, weather, insulators and towers, and data transmission is carried out in a wired and/or wireless fusion mode, wherein the transmission mode can include but is not limited to WPAN technologies such as Zigbee, Lora and the like or other LAN technologies, in the step, a communication network built by the WPAN technologies such as Zigbee, Lora and the like or other LAN technologies is called as a narrow-band network, and the narrow-band data are transmitted to a local communication gateway at a tower node through the narrow-band network, so that the first aggregation of the sensing monitoring data of power lines and equipment is realized;
the second is that the visual broadband data collected by the field camera is used for constructing a mesh network or other networks through the low-power ad hoc network device (in the scheme, the visual broadband data can be called as a second ad hoc network device), and the visual broadband data is sent to the local communication gateway at the node of the tower through the mesh network or other networks, so that the data collection and the real-time transmission of the visual monitoring information are realized. For example, as shown in fig. 2, a communication network is constructed on a tower between towers E4 and E5 by using a low-power ad hoc network device, and a local communication gateway and a camera on the tower are connected to the ad hoc network for data aggregation and return.
With respect to the near-area coverage network 200, the near-area coverage network 200 covers N field area sensor networks 100, for receiving the narrow-band data and the visual wide-band data acquired by the N field sensor networks 100, wherein, N is a positive integer not less than 2, in the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the application, m first ad hoc network devices are arranged in the near-field coverage network, the value of M is not less than 3, the first ad hoc network devices are arranged on tower nodes, in the scheme, each tower node can be provided with a first ad hoc network device, or a plurality of towers are spaced to be provided with a first ad hoc network device, the first ad hoc network equipment is used for acquiring the return data (narrow-band data and visual wide-band data) of the gateway equipment on the tower node and the patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and send the return data of the gateway device and the patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the wide area return network 300;
specifically, the near-field overlay network 200 can cover its communication area through outdoor mesh ad hoc network equipment, considering data transmission real-time performance, network end rate and the like, two ad hoc network return links can be designed within the coverage range of the near-field overlay network 200, each return link is not higher than a preset jump node, for example, 5 jumps, wireless communication links between gateway devices of a plurality of tower nodes are realized through the near-field overlay network 200, the first ad hoc network equipment is arranged on the tower nodes, and the communication radius of the first ad hoc network equipment in the same ad hoc network return link is larger than a preset distance, so that interval communication between the first ad hoc network equipment is realized. For example, as shown in fig. 3, a high-power ad hoc network device (a first ad hoc network device) is installed between a pole tower D point and a pole tower E point on part of pole tower nodes, in this scheme, in order to achieve reliable communication between the first ad hoc network devices, a coverage area (communication distance) of a single first ad hoc network device is required to be not less than 3Km, that is, a distance between two adjacent ad hoc network device installation nodes Di and Di +1 is about 3Km, so as to ensure fault tolerance of a network. For example, the nodes D1, D2 and D3, and the nodes D1 and D3 are respectively located at two sides of the node D2, and when the first ad hoc network device at the node D2 fails, the first ad hoc network devices at the nodes D1 and D3 can be directly connected and communicate, so that it can be seen that the near-area coverage network 200 constructed in this way has a strong self-healing capability.
In the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of the application, unmanned aerial vehicle communication module has on the first ad hoc network equipment in the near field overlay network 200, can realize communication between first ad hoc network equipment and the unmanned aerial vehicle, this moment, the unmanned aerial vehicle is walked inspection the time and is carried out communication with the ad hoc network equipment on the shaft tower through the machine, as shown in the figure, when unmanned aerial vehicle flies between node D ~ D5, adopt left side link passback data, when unmanned aerial vehicle flies between node E ~ E5, adopt right side link passback data, at this moment, can pass through the data that unmanned aerial vehicle gathered first ad hoc network equipment passback to wide area passback network 300. In the present scheme, a link with a large link bandwidth and a short path is preferentially selected to return information such as patrol video data when the near-area coverage network 200 is constructed.
Regarding the wide area return network 300, the wide area return network 300 covers X near-area coverage networks, where X is a positive integer not less than 2, the wide area return network has X bridge devices connected back-to-back, and the bridge devices are configured to obtain return data of the near-area coverage networks and send the return data to substation equipment, and in this scheme, the substation equipment deploys a local network by using a 5G integrated base station;
specifically, the wide area backhaul network 300 is built by using remote network bridge devices, and the network bridge devices are connected in a back-to-back manner, so that infinite extension of a transmission link is realized, two data streams, namely monitoring data and video data collected and gathered by the first ad hoc network device are set by different QoS, and are transmitted back to the transformer substation through a chain network built by the network bridge devices. As shown in fig. 4, a local private network may be formed by a 5G integrated base station in a substation, and a node a is in a coverage area of the substation 5G, and no wireless signal is covered from a node B, so that two devices, namely a 5G gateway and a bridge device, need to be installed at the node a, and monitoring routing inspection data returned by the bridge device is received by the 5G gateway and transmitted to the 5G private network in the substation. The bridge devices are installed on the towers at intervals of about 30KM from the node A to the node I, during the period, multiple branches may exist in the power transmission and distribution line, the length of each branch is different, the merging node needs to support the networking transmission of the multiple branches, as shown in FIG. 5, the AB 'C' D 'E' link and the AB 'C' D 'E' link can be merged and transmitted, and the merged and transmitted links are directly transmitted to the ABC … link for data return.
Regarding the backbone network device 400, the backbone network device 400 is disposed between the substation device and the monitoring master station, and is used for implementing data interaction between the substation device and the monitoring master station, and the backbone network may be a 5G network built by optical fibers.
Referring to fig. 6, the backbone network 400 is used to construct a communication link from a substation node to a monitoring master station of a provincial/urban information center. At the position, data are collected and repackaged, are uniformly accessed into a transformer substation through a 5G local network in the substation, ensure data safety, and are directly accessed into an optical fiber backbone communication network to be transmitted to a provincial/city monitoring master station.
The communication system disclosed by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the networking mode is flexible, the wireless signal extension coverage of the transmission line of hundreds kilometers along the transmission line is supported, each detection point of the transmission line and a tower is covered, the number of devices in the network can be greatly increased, a stable and reliable communication link meeting the transmission bandwidth requirements of video images and monitoring sensing data is established between widely distributed transmission network monitoring devices and an operation maintenance background, and the intelligent monitoring and early warning service network system of the overhead transmission network is supported and constructed.
The method has the advantages that the network robustness is stronger, in the planning of the field domain sensor network and the near domain coverage network, the multipoint-to-multipoint Mesh structure is supported through the wireless Mesh network, the fault tolerance of the network is fully considered, and the normal work of the whole network is ensured under the condition that part of MESH nodes are abnormal.
The routing algorithm of the self-organizing network has a network self-healing function, and when equipment is added or moved in the wireless Mesh network, the network can automatically discover topology change and automatically adjust communication routing to obtain the most effective transmission path. Therefore, mobile service scenes such as unmanned aerial vehicle routing inspection and the like can be well supported, and the equipment is switched in different subnets without losing signals.
Adopt 5G integration basic station to deploy local network in the transformer substation, guaranteed that the station business data does not go out of the garden and high reliable high real-time transmission requirement, but monitoring master station real-time supervision analysis line operating conditions makes quick processing to emergency, improves transmission line security greatly.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A communication system, comprising:
the system comprises a field area sensing network, a near area coverage network, a wide area return network and a backbone network;
the field area sensing network is used for acquiring narrow-band data and visual broadband data in a target range through gateway equipment and sending the acquired narrow-band data and visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network;
the near-field coverage network covers N field sensing networks, N is a positive integer not less than 2, M first self-networking devices are arranged in the near-field coverage network, the value of M is not less than 3, the first self-networking devices are used for acquiring return data of the gateway device and patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and sending the return data of the gateway device and the patrol video data of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the wide-field return network;
the wide area return network covers X near area coverage networks, X is a positive integer not less than 2, X bridge devices connected in a back-to-back mode are arranged in the wide area return network, and the bridge devices are used for acquiring return data of the near area coverage networks and sending the return data to substation equipment;
the backbone network is arranged between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station and used for realizing data interaction between the substation equipment and the monitoring main station.
2. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the gateway device has:
the narrow-band communication network acquires narrow-band data in the target range in a wired or wireless mode and sends the acquired narrow-band data to a near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs;
and the broadband communication network is used for acquiring the visual broadband data in the target range through a network constructed by second ad hoc network equipment and sending the acquired visual broadband data to the near-field coverage network to which the field sensing network belongs.
3. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein the communication network constructed by the second ad hoc network is a Mesh network.
4. The communication system according to claim 2, wherein the near-area overlay network has at least two ad-hoc network backhaul links, each ad-hoc network backhaul link is not higher than a preset hop node, each ad-hoc network backhaul link includes a plurality of first ad-hoc network devices therein, the first ad-hoc network devices are disposed on a tower node, and a communication radius of the first ad-hoc network devices in the same ad-hoc network backhaul link is larger than a preset distance, so as to realize interval communication between the first ad-hoc network devices.
5. The communication system according to claim 4, wherein the first ad hoc network device has a drone communication module thereon for data interaction with a drone within its communication range.
6. The communication system of claim 4, wherein the communication distance of the first ad hoc network device is not less than 3KM, and the communication distance between the bridge devices is not less than 30 KM.
7. The communication system according to claim 4, wherein the backbone network is a 5G network built up of optical fibers.
8. The communication system of claim 1, wherein the substation equipment deploys a local network with a 5G-integrated base station.
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