CN113783201B - Power generation system based on three-channel full-control excitation device and control method thereof - Google Patents

Power generation system based on three-channel full-control excitation device and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN113783201B
CN113783201B CN202110968173.2A CN202110968173A CN113783201B CN 113783201 B CN113783201 B CN 113783201B CN 202110968173 A CN202110968173 A CN 202110968173A CN 113783201 B CN113783201 B CN 113783201B
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channel
control
reactive power
power
full
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CN113783201A (en
Inventor
楼伯良
熊鸿韬
仇书山
华文
张建承
毛承雄
张甜甜
王丹
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1885—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using rotating means, e.g. synchronous generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a power generation system based on a three-channel full-control excitation device and a control method thereof, belonging to the field of power systems, and comprising the following steps: a generator; the three-channel full-control excitation device comprises three mutually parallel circuits, namely an excitation current control circuit connected with an excitation winding of the generator and used for indirectly absorbing or injecting reactive power into a power grid; the first three-phase rectification circuit is connected with the generator in an extreme parallel manner and is used for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into a power grid; the second three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the generator end in series and is used for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into a power grid; and the control device is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device and is used for generating a switching signal for controlling the full-control devices to be switched on and off according to the reactive power feedback value and the instruction value, so that the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid is equal to the instruction value. The invention can improve the excitation current control capability of the power generation system and the capability of providing reactive power support for the power grid.

Description

Power generation system based on three-channel full-control excitation device and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power systems, and particularly relates to a power generation system based on a three-channel full-control excitation device and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, a large amount of distributed power supplies are connected into a power grid, and the distributed power supply has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy conservation, environment protection and the like. However, because the distributed power supply has randomness, the system power flow may be changed, the peak-valley difference of the load is enlarged, and the stability of the power system is greatly affected. Under the high-permeability background of the distributed power supply, short-circuit faults and open-circuit faults exist in the power grid, and the output power of the photovoltaic power and the wind power is unstable, so that the problems of voltage quality reduction, active power fluctuation, reactive power fluctuation and the like of the power grid are caused, and the stable operation of the power grid is influenced.
Along with the sequential operation of a plurality of extra-high voltage direct current transmission projects, the development of renewable energy sources in northwest and southwest is gradually completed in the northeast and west long-distance heavy-load transmission corridor, and the realization of long-distance electric energy transmission is faced at the same time of expanding the scale of an electric power system through regional interconnection. And the dynamic reactive compensation capability of partial areas is reduced due to long-distance and heavy-load power transmission and large power grid interconnection among areas, and the system has insufficient damping, so that the safety and the stability of the power grid are seriously threatened.
The traditional self-shunt excitation system unit has the possibility of voltage drop at the machine end or even loss of excitation of the generator when in fault; aiming at the problem of grid voltage dip, the traditional excitation system influences the grid side voltage by injecting or absorbing reactive current, and the method for controlling the voltage is deficient in accuracy and rapidity and cannot meet the requirement of sensitive power load on the power quality; aiming at the problems of insufficient reactive power and insufficient damping of the system, the capacity of reactive power compensation of a power grid is required to be increased objectively, and SVC (static var compensator, static reactive compensator) and STATCOM (static synchronous compensator ) and synchronous regulation are all common reactive power compensation devices. The synchronous camera has more excellent performance, and particularly has strong supporting function on system voltage under the fault condition due to short-time overload capacity. Because the operation and maintenance workload is large and the electric energy loss is high, the annual operation cost of the synchronous camera is high.
In the patent application document with the application publication number of CN 109830993A and the invention of 'a compressed air energy storage power generation system and a phase modulation control method thereof', the provided power generation system utilizes two channels of a fully-controlled exciting device to directly or indirectly absorb or inject reactive power into a power grid respectively, so that the capacity of providing reactive power support for the power grid can be improved, the use of synchronous phase modulation machines in the power grid can be reduced, and the running cost of the power grid can be reduced. However, the field current control capability and the ability to provide reactive support to the grid of the power generation system remain to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a power generation system based on a three-channel full-control excitation device and a control method thereof, and aims to improve the excitation current control capability of the power generation system and the reactive power support capability for a power grid so as to greatly reduce the influences of short circuit faults, open circuit faults, voltage fluctuation and the like of an alternating current system and improve the reliability of the power generation system.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power generation system based on a three-channel fully controlled excitation device, comprising:
a generator;
the three-channel full-control excitation device comprises three mutually parallel circuits: the output end of the exciting current control circuit is connected with an exciting winding of the generator to form a first channel, and the first channel is used for adjusting the exciting current of the generator so as to indirectly absorb or inject reactive power into a power grid through the generator; the output end of the first three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in parallel to form a second channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid; the output end of the second three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in series to form a third channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid;
and the control device is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device and is used for generating a switching signal according to the reactive power feedback value absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid and the corresponding command value so as to control the on-off of the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device, so that the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid is equal to the command value.
The three-channel fully-controlled excitation device included in the power generation system comprises three channels, namely a first channel connected with an excitation winding of a generator, a second channel connected with a generator end in parallel and a third channel connected with the generator end in series, wherein the three channels can be used for providing reactive power support for a power grid, and two of the channels can be used for providing excitation current for the generator;
specifically, the first channel can be used for indirectly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid, the second channel and the third channel can be used for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid, the full-control device is high in response speed, the reactive power can be quickly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel, reactive power support can be quickly provided for the power grid, a large amount of stable reactive power can be absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel, and the three channels work cooperatively, so that the capability of providing reactive power support for the power grid can be effectively improved;
the second channel and the third channel can be used for providing exciting current for the generator, and the second channel and the third channel are in synergistic effect, so that the exciting current control capability can be effectively improved, the exciting current is prevented from being reduced when the system is in fault, the exciting capability of the generator is prevented from being reduced, and the voltage of the machine terminal is prevented from being reduced.
In general, the invention can improve the excitation current control capability of the power generation system and the capability of providing reactive power support for the power grid, can greatly reduce the influence caused by short circuit faults and open circuit faults of the alternating current system and improve the reliability of the power generation system.
Further, the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device further comprises: and the voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected with the three circuits in parallel and is used for ensuring the voltage stability of the direct current side and providing a stable voltage source for inverting and outputting reactive power to the network side and chopping to obtain exciting current.
Further, the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device further comprises: and the energy storage device is connected with the voltage stabilizing capacitor in parallel and is used for providing a stable voltage source for outputting power to the network side for inversion, so that the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device directly absorbs or injects active power to the power network through the second channel and the third channel.
The invention utilizes the energy storage device to provide a stable voltage source for outputting power to the grid side in an inversion way, so that the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device directly absorbs or injects active power to the power grid through the second channel and the third channel, the capability of providing active support to the power grid can be improved, the reliability of a power generation system is further improved, and the use of synchronous phase-adjusting machines in the power grid is reduced.
Further, the control device includes: a direct reactive control module and an indirect reactive control module;
the direct reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for acquiring a first switching signal according to reactive power feedback values and direct reactive power instruction values which are directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the direct reactive power instruction values;
the indirect reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit and is used for obtaining a second switching signal according to a reactive power feedback value and an indirect reactive power instruction value which are indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit, so that the reactive power which is indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value;
the direct reactive power command value and the indirect reactive power command value are obtained by dividing the reactive power command value according to a preset proportion, and the direct reactive power command value is smaller than the indirect reactive power command value.
Further, when the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device comprises an energy storage device, the control device further comprises: the active power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for obtaining a third switching signal according to an active power feedback value and an active power instruction value which are directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the active power instruction value.
Further, the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit have the same structure and both comprise three-phase bridge arms, and each phase bridge arm comprises two IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) connected with diodes in parallel and is marked as a first IGBT and a second IGBT;
the collector of the first IGBT is used as a first end of the bridge arm, the emitter of the first IGBT is connected with the collector of the second IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the second IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the same three-phase rectifying circuit, a first end of a three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a positive electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a second end of the three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a negative electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a bridge arm midpoint of the three-phase bridge arm serves as an output end, and gate electrodes of all IGBTs are connected with a control device;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the first three-phase rectifying circuit are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the second three-phase rectifying circuit.
Further, the exciting current control circuit comprises two bridge arms, wherein each bridge arm comprises an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of a parallel diode, and the IGBT is marked as a third IGBT and a fourth IGBT;
the collector of the third IGBT is used as a first end of the bridge arm, the emitter of the third IGBT is connected with the collector of the fourth IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the fourth IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the exciting current control circuit, first ends of two bridge arms are connected to serve as anodes of the exciting current control circuit, second ends of the two bridge arms are connected to serve as cathodes of the exciting current control circuit, midpoints of the two bridge arms serve as output ends of the exciting current control circuit, and gates of all IGBTs are connected with a control device;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the exciting current control circuit are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the two three-phase rectifying circuits.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method of the above-mentioned power generation system based on a three-channel fully-controlled excitation device, including:
dividing the reactive power instruction value into a direct reactive power instruction value and an indirect reactive power instruction value according to a preset proportion; the direct reactive power command value is smaller than the indirect reactive power command value;
the method comprises the steps that a reactive power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a second channel and a third channel by a three-channel full-control excitation device is obtained from the extreme end of a generator, and a first switch signal is obtained according to the reactive power feedback value and a direct reactive power instruction value so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of full-control devices in a first three-phase rectifying circuit and a second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device is equal to the direct reactive power instruction value;
and obtaining a reactive power feedback value indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device from the extreme end of the generator, and obtaining a second switching signal according to the reactive power feedback value and the indirect reactive power instruction value so as to control the on-off of a fully-controlled device in the excitation current control circuit, so that the reactive power indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value.
Further, the control method provided by the invention further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an active power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a second channel and a third channel from the extreme end of a generator by a three-channel full-control excitation device, obtaining a third switching signal according to the active power feedback value and an active power instruction value, and controlling the on-off of full-control devices in a first three-phase rectifying circuit and a second three-phase rectifying circuit so that the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device is equal to the active power instruction value.
In general, through the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) In the invention, the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device included in the power generation system is provided with three channels, wherein two channels can rapidly provide reactive support for the power grid, the other channel can provide larger and more stable reactive support for the power grid, and the three channels cooperatively operate, so that the capability of providing reactive support for the power grid can be improved, and the reliability of the power generation system is improved.
(2) According to the invention, the three-channel full-control excitation device included in the power generation system is provided with three channels, two of the three channels can provide excitation current for the power generator, so that the excitation current control capability of the power generation system can be improved, and the excitation current is prevented from being reduced to cause the reduction of the excitation capability of the power generator when the power grid breaks down, thereby preventing the voltage of the machine terminal from being reduced and improving the reliability of the power generation system.
(3) When the power generation system provided by the invention comprises the energy storage device, the two channels in the three-channel full-control excitation device can be used for providing active support for the power grid, so that the capacity of the active support for the power grid is improved, and the stability margin of the system is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system based on a three-channel fully-controlled excitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-channel fully-controlled excitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
In order to further improve the excitation current control capability of the power generation system and the capability of providing reactive power support for a power grid, the invention provides a power generation system based on a three-channel full-control excitation device and a control method thereof, and the whole thought of the power generation system is as follows: on the basis of the traditional double-channel full-control excitation device, a new channel is added for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power to a power grid and providing exciting current for a generator in a voltage compensation mode, and finally three channels in the three-channel full-control excitation device cooperatively operate, so that the exciting current control capability of a power generation system and the capability of providing reactive power support for the power grid are effectively improved.
The following are examples.
Example 1:
a power generation system based on a three-channel fully controlled excitation device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising:
a generator;
the three-channel full-control excitation device comprises three mutually parallel circuits: the output end of the exciting current control circuit is connected with an exciting winding of the generator to form a first channel, and the exciting current control circuit is used for adjusting the exciting current of the generator so as to indirectly absorb or inject reactive power into a power grid through the generator; the output end of the first three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in parallel to form a second channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid; the output end of the second three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in series to form a third channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid;
and the control device is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device and is used for generating a switching signal according to the reactive power feedback value absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid and the corresponding command value so as to control the on-off of the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device, so that the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid is equal to the command value.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device further includes:
the voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected with the three circuits in parallel and is used for guaranteeing voltage stability of the direct current side and providing a stable voltage source for inverting output reactive power to the network side and chopping to obtain exciting current;
the energy storage device is connected with the voltage stabilizing capacitor in parallel and is used for providing a stable voltage source for outputting active power to the grid side for inversion, so that the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device directly absorbs or injects active power to the power grid through the second channel and the third channel;
as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the first three-phase rectification circuit and the second three-phase rectification circuit have the same structure, and each phase of bridge arm includes two IGBTs connected in parallel with diodes, which are denoted as a first IGBT and a second IGBT; the emitter and collector of each IGBT are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the diode connected in series;
the collector of the first IGBT is used as a first end of the bridge arm, the emitter of the first IGBT is connected with the collector of the second IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the second IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the same three-phase rectifying circuit, a first end of a three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a positive electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a second end of the three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a negative electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a bridge arm midpoint of the three-phase bridge arm serves as an output end, and gate electrodes of all IGBTs are connected with a control device; as shown in FIG. 2, a first three phaseThe rectifying circuit comprises 6 IGBTs, which are S in turn 1 ～S 6 The second three-phase rectification circuit comprises 6 IGBTs, which are S in sequence 7 ～S 12 ，S 1 、S 3 、S 5 (S 7 、S 9 、S 11 ) The collector electrodes of (a) are respectively used as the first ends of the bridge arms where S 2 、S 6 、S 4 (S 8 、S 12 、S 10 ) The emitters of (a) are respectively used as the second ends of the bridge arms where S 1 、S 3 、S 5 Emitter of (c) is respectively with S 2 、S 6 、S 4 Is connected with the collector of S 7 、S 9 、S 11 Emitter of (c) is respectively with S 8 、S 12 、S 10 Is connected with the collector of the capacitor;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first three-phase rectifying circuit are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second three-phase rectifying circuit;
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, the first three-phase rectification circuit is specifically connected in parallel with the machine end of the generator through an excitation transformer, and the second three-phase rectification circuit is specifically connected in series with the machine end of the generator through a series transformer;
the exciting current control circuit comprises two bridge arms, wherein each bridge arm comprises an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of a parallel diode, and the IGBT is marked as a third IGBT and a fourth IGBT; similarly, the emitter and collector of each IGBT are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the diode connected in series;
the collector of the third IGBT is used as a first end of the bridge arm, the emitter of the third IGBT is connected with the collector of the fourth IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the fourth IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the exciting current control circuit, first ends of two bridge arms are connected to serve as anodes of the exciting current control circuit, second ends of the two bridge arms are connected to serve as cathodes of the exciting current control circuit, midpoints of the two bridge arms serve as output ends of the exciting current control circuit, and gates of all IGBTs are connected with a control device; in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the exciting current control circuit includes 4 IGBTs, which are S in turn 13 ～S 16 ，S 13 、S 15 The collector electrodes of (a) are respectively used as the first ends of the bridge arms where S 14 、S 16 The emitters of (a) are respectively used as the second ends of the bridge arms, S 13 、S 15 Emitter of (c) is respectively with S 14 、S 16 Is connected with the collector of the capacitor;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the exciting current control circuit are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the two three-phase rectifying circuits;
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device, all devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit, the second three-phase rectifying circuit and the exciting current control circuit are fully-controlled devices IGBTs, so that the control is more flexible and the controllability is stronger.
The present embodiment can supply exciting current to the generator via two channels, namely, the second channel and the third channel; when the power system normally operates, the second channel provides exciting current for the generator, and the third channel does not provide exciting current; when the power system has short circuit or open circuit fault, the second channel and the third channel simultaneously provide exciting current for the generator, so that the excitation capability of the generator is prevented from being reduced due to the reduction of the exciting current, the influence caused by the short circuit fault and the open circuit fault of the alternating current system can be greatly reduced, and the reliability of the power generation system is improved.
The reactive power can be absorbed or injected into the power grid through three channels, wherein the reactive power can be indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel, and the reactive power can be directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel; the embodiment can also absorb or inject active power to the power grid via two channels, namely a second channel and a third channel; because the full-control device has high response speed, active power and reactive power can be quickly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel, and reactive support and active support can be quickly provided for the power grid; a large and stable reactive power can be injected into the grid via the first channel. Because the three-channel full-control excitation device-based reliable power generation system provided by the invention has three power channels, and the three channels work cooperatively, the capability of providing voltage control and active and reactive support for a power grid can be improved. And because the reliable power generation system based on the three-channel full-control excitation device can simultaneously provide reactive support and active support for the power grid, the use of synchronous phase adjusters in the power grid can be reduced, and thus the running cost of the power grid is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, through the second channel, current compensation can be performed to the machine end of the generator, and the compensation current is Δi s Active power P can be absorbed or injected into a power grid through current compensation Cp And reactive power Q Cp The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Through the third channel, voltage compensation can be performed to the machine end of the generator, and the compensation voltage is delta i s Active power P can be absorbed or injected into a power grid through voltage compensation Cs And reactive power Q Cs . The embodiment can accurately compensate the terminal voltage by absorbing or injecting the active component and the reactive component of the voltage through the channel three-way power grid, prevent the influence of voltage fluctuation on the load and improve the power quality.
In this embodiment, the control device specifically includes: a direct reactive power control module, an indirect reactive power control module and an active power control module;
the direct reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for acquiring a first switching signal according to reactive power feedback values and direct reactive power instruction values which are directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the direct reactive power instruction values;
the indirect reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit and is used for obtaining a second switching signal according to a reactive power feedback value and an indirect reactive power instruction value which are indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit, so that the reactive power which is indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value;
the active power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for acquiring a third switching signal according to an active power feedback value and an active power instruction value which are directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the active power instruction value;
the direct reactive power instruction value and the indirect reactive power instruction value are obtained by dividing the reactive power instruction value according to a preset proportion, the direct reactive power instruction value is smaller than the indirect reactive power instruction value, and in actual application, the dividing proportion of the direct reactive power instruction value and the indirect reactive power instruction value can be adjusted according to actual running conditions, so that the aim of ensuring that a power grid runs in an optimal state is achieved; the reactive power command value and the active power command value can be obtained by optimizing and solving the minimum power grid loss and the best voltage quality according to the power grid structure, parameters, the current running condition and feedback signals of each module.
It should be noted that the energy storage device is only an optional device of the present invention, and should not be construed as a sole limitation of the present invention, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device may not include the energy storage device; when the energy storage device is not installed, the second channel and the third channel can only directly absorb or inject reactive power into the power grid, and in practical application, whether the energy storage device is connected or not can be considered according to the practical requirement of the power grid; accordingly, the active power control module only functions when the energy storage device is accessed. For embodiments in which no energy storage device is installed, the remaining module embodiments are similar to embodiment 1 of the present invention and will not be repeated here.
Example 2:
the control method of the power generation system based on the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device provided in the above embodiment 1 includes:
dividing the reactive power instruction value into a direct reactive power instruction value and an indirect reactive power instruction value according to a preset proportion; the direct reactive power command value is smaller than the indirect reactive power command value;
the method comprises the steps that a reactive power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a second channel and a third channel by a three-channel full-control excitation device is obtained from the extreme end of a generator, and a first switch signal is obtained according to the reactive power feedback value and a direct reactive power instruction value so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of full-control devices in a first three-phase rectifying circuit and a second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device is equal to the direct reactive power instruction value;
the method comprises the steps that a reactive power feedback value which is indirectly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a first channel by a three-channel full-control excitation device is obtained from the extreme end of a generator, and a second switching signal is obtained according to the reactive power feedback value and an indirect reactive power instruction value so as to control the on-off of a full-control device in an excitation current control circuit, so that the reactive power which is indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value;
the method comprises the steps of obtaining an active power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a second channel and a third channel from the extreme end of a generator by a three-channel full-control excitation device, obtaining a third switching signal according to the active power feedback value and an active power instruction value, and controlling the switching-on and switching-off of full-control devices in a first three-phase rectifying circuit and a second three-phase rectifying circuit to enable the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device to be equal to the active power instruction value;
likewise, in this embodiment, the reactive power command value and the active power command value may be obtained by optimizing and solving, according to the power grid structure, parameters, the current running situation, and feedback signals of each module, with the minimum power grid loss and the best voltage quality as targets.
It is easy to understand that when the energy storage device is not connected to the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device in the power generation system, the control method of the power generation system only includes the steps of controlling the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device directly to the power grid through the second channel and the third channel and the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device indirectly to the power grid through the first channel, and these steps are similar to those of embodiment 2 of the present invention and will not be repeated here.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a power generation system based on three passageway full accuse excitation device which characterized in that includes:
a generator;
the three-channel full-control excitation device comprises three mutually parallel circuits: the output end of the exciting current control circuit is connected with an exciting winding of the generator to form a first channel, and the first channel is used for adjusting the exciting current of the generator so as to indirectly absorb or inject reactive power into a power grid through the generator; the output end of the first three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in parallel to form a second channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid; the output end of the second three-phase rectifying circuit is connected with the machine end of the generator in series to form a third channel for directly absorbing or injecting reactive power into the power grid;
the control device is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device and is used for generating a switching signal according to reactive power feedback values absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid and corresponding command values so as to control the full-control devices in the three-channel full-control excitation device to be turned on and off, so that the reactive power absorbed or injected by the three-channel full-control excitation device to the power grid is equal to the command values; the control device includes: a direct reactive control module and an indirect reactive control module;
the direct reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for obtaining a first switching signal according to reactive power feedback values and direct reactive power command values which are directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the direct reactive power command values;
the indirect reactive power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit and is used for obtaining a second switching signal according to the reactive power feedback value and the indirect reactive power instruction value which are indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of the full-control devices in the exciting current control circuit, so that the reactive power which is indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value;
the direct reactive power instruction value and the indirect reactive power instruction value are obtained by dividing reactive power instruction values according to preset proportions, and the direct reactive power instruction value is smaller than the indirect reactive power instruction value.
2. The three-channel fully controlled excitation device-based power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the three-channel fully controlled excitation device further comprises: and the voltage stabilizing capacitor is connected with the three circuits in parallel and is used for ensuring the voltage stability of the direct current side and providing a stable voltage source for inverting and outputting reactive power to the network side and chopping to obtain exciting current.
3. The three-channel fully controlled excitation device-based power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the three-channel fully controlled excitation device further comprises: and the energy storage device is connected with the voltage stabilizing capacitor in parallel and is used for providing a stable voltage source for outputting power to the grid side for inversion, so that the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device directly absorbs or injects active power to the grid through the second channel and the third channel.
4. A three-channel fully controlled excitation device based power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the three-channel fully controlled excitation device comprises an energy storage device, the control device further comprises: the active power control module is respectively connected with all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for obtaining a third switching signal according to the active power feedback value and the active power command value which are directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel full-control exciting device so as to control the on-off of all the full-control devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the three-channel full-control exciting device by the second channel and the third channel is equal to the active power command value.
5. The power generation system based on the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit have the same structure and each phase bridge arm comprises three-phase bridge arms, each phase bridge arm comprises two IGBTs connected in parallel with diodes, and the IGBTs are marked as a first IGBT and a second IGBT;
the collector of the first IGBT is used as a first end of a bridge arm, the emitter of the first IGBT is connected with the collector of the second IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the second IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the same three-phase rectifying circuit, a first end of a three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a positive electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a second end of the three-phase bridge arm is connected to serve as a negative electrode of the three-phase rectifying circuit, a bridge arm midpoint of the three-phase bridge arm serves as an output end, and gate electrodes of all IGBTs are connected with the control device;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the first three-phase rectifying circuit are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the second three-phase rectifying circuit.
6. The power generation system based on the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device according to claim 5, wherein the excitation current control circuit comprises two bridge arms, each of which comprises an IGBT connected in parallel with a diode, denoted as a third IGBT and a fourth IGBT;
the collector of the third IGBT is used as a first end of a bridge arm, the emitter of the third IGBT is connected with the collector of the fourth IGBT to be used as a midpoint of the bridge arm, and the emitter of the fourth IGBT is used as a second end of the bridge arm; in the exciting current control circuit, first ends of two bridge arms are connected to serve as anodes of the exciting current control circuit, second ends of the two bridge arms are connected to serve as cathodes of the exciting current control circuit, midpoints of the two bridge arms serve as output ends of the exciting current control circuit, and gates of all IGBTs are connected with the control device;
the positive pole and the negative pole of the exciting current control circuit are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of the two three-phase rectifying circuits.
7. The control method of a three-channel fully controlled excitation device based power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
dividing the reactive power instruction value into a direct reactive power instruction value and an indirect reactive power instruction value according to a preset proportion; the direct reactive power command value is less than the indirect reactive power command value;
the method comprises the steps that a reactive power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into a power grid through a second channel and a third channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device is obtained from the extreme end of a generator, and a first switching signal is obtained according to the reactive power feedback value and the direct reactive power command value so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of fully-controlled devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the reactive power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device is equal to the direct reactive power command value;
and obtaining a reactive power feedback value indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device from the extreme end of the generator, and obtaining a second switching signal according to the reactive power feedback value and the indirect reactive power instruction value so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of a full-control device in the excitation current control circuit, so that the reactive power indirectly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the first channel by the three-channel full-control excitation device is equal to the indirect reactive power instruction value.
8. The control method as set forth in claim 7, further comprising:
and obtaining an active power feedback value which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device from the extreme end of the generator, and obtaining a third switching signal according to the active power feedback value and the active power command value so as to control the switching-on and switching-off of fully-controlled devices in the first three-phase rectifying circuit and the second three-phase rectifying circuit, so that the active power which is directly absorbed or injected into the power grid through the second channel and the third channel by the three-channel fully-controlled excitation device is equal to the active power command value.
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