CN113777170A - Magnetostrictive patch type sensor capable of efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and realizing longitudinal pasting magnetization and working method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetostrictive patch type sensor capable of efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and realizing longitudinal pasting magnetization and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113777170A CN113777170A CN202111071971.1A CN202111071971A CN113777170A CN 113777170 A CN113777170 A CN 113777170A CN 202111071971 A CN202111071971 A CN 202111071971A CN 113777170 A CN113777170 A CN 113777170A
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2412—Probes using the magnetostrictive properties of the material to be examined, e.g. electromagnetic acoustic transducers [EMAT]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0423—Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/263—Surfaces
- G01N2291/2634—Surfaces cylindrical from outside
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/263—Surfaces
- G01N2291/2636—Surfaces cylindrical from inside
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetostrictive patch type sensor for efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and longitudinal pasting magnetization and a working method thereof, wherein the sensor comprises the following two parts: 1. high efficiency excitationL(0,2) a flexible printed coil of an ultrasonic guided wave mode; 2. axially magnetizing and adhering the magnetostrictive material on the surface of the pipeline. The axial length of the magnetostrictive material adhered to the surface of the pipeline is more than twice of the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material, a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive materials are adhered to the circumferential range of the whole pipeline, the magnetization direction of the magnetostrictive material is consistent with the axial direction of the pipeline, and the magnetostrictive material can be excited efficientlyL(0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode. Due to the fact thatLThe attenuation of the (0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode in the cement-bonded pipeline is small, so that high-energy excitation can be realizedL(0,2) a sensor of ultrasonic guided wave mode can be used to determine the axial position of a defect in a through-wall pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a magnetostrictive patch type sensor capable of efficiently exciting longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and being magnetized in a longitudinal pasting mode and a working method thereof. Mainly adopts based onL(0,2) longitudinal sticking magnetized magnetostrictive patch type sensor in ultrasonic guided wave mode for high-efficiency excitationLAnd (0,2) an ultrasonic guided wave mode is adopted to realize axial positioning of the defects in the through-wall pipeline in a self-excitation self-receiving measurement mode.
Background
The pipeline is widely applied to the transportation of water, oil and natural gas, once the pipeline is seriously corroded in a humid environment, oil gas leakage can occur to the pipeline, and an explosion accident can be caused in serious conditions. Some gas pipelines in buildings need to penetrate through the wall body, so that the gas pipelines are wrapped by the wall body and cannot be observed by naked eyes. Once the pipeline of the wrapping part of the wall body is corroded and cannot be found, oil gas leakage cannot be avoided. Therefore, it is necessary to detect defects caused by corrosion in the through-wall natural gas pipeline. In addition, the gas transmission pipeline penetrating through the wall body is arranged outside the building, so that the detection mode that the sensors are required to be arranged at the two ends of the wall body is not easy to implement. The detection method is required to be implemented only by mounting a sensor on the pipeline in the wall body, so that the purpose of detecting the whole through-wall pipeline is achieved. Meanwhile, the wall body is made of concrete, and energy of various detection signals is greatly attenuated. The detection difficulty of through-wall natural gas pipelines is therefore great.
The ultrasonic guided wave is a low-attenuation, rapid and long-distance detection method, and the axial position of the defect in the pipeline can be determined through the time corresponding to the reflected wave. There are two types of sensors commonly used at present for exciting the ultrasonic guided wave mode: piezoelectric sensors and electromagnetic sensors. Piezoelectric sensors have been widely used in pipeline inspection. The electromagnetic sensor excites the ultrasonic guided wave mode of the specific frequency by controlling the wavelength of the excited ultrasonic guided wave, compared with a piezoelectric sensor, the electromagnetic sensor can effectively excite the specific ultrasonic guided wave mode of the specific frequency band, and is more sensitive to the ultrasonic guided wave of the frequency band and the mode when receiving signals, and the screening performance is stronger. The magnetostrictive surface-mounted electromagnetic sensor can excite ultrasonic guided waves more efficiently compared with a Lorentz force electromagnetic sensor due to the strong magnetostrictive coefficient of magnetostrictive materials. Magnetostrictive patch type electromagnetic sensor for excitationTThe (0,1) ultrasonic guided wave mode has been widely reported. Wall penetrating deviceThe pipe greatly influences the capability of detecting the through-wall pipe by ultrasonic guided waves due to the huge attenuation caused by the concrete of the wall body. Concrete pairTThe attenuation of the (0,1) mode is particularly large, but forLThe attenuation of the (0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode is relatively small. There is therefore a need for a device that can be excited efficientlyL(0,2) the convenient device of ultrasonic guided wave mode can be applied to the defect detection of through-wall pipelines.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a magnetostrictive patch type sensor for efficiently exciting longitudinal pasting magnetization of a longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode and a working method thereof, wherein the sensor comprises the following two parts: 1. high efficiency excitationL(0,2) a flexible printed coil of an ultrasonic guided wave mode; 2. axially magnetizing and adhering the magnetostrictive material on the surface of the pipeline. The axial length of the magnetostrictive material adhered to the surface of the pipeline is more than twice of the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material, a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive materials are adhered to the circumferential range of the whole pipeline, the magnetization direction of the magnetostrictive material is consistent with the axial direction of the pipeline, and the magnetostrictive material can be excited efficientlyL(0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode. Due to the fact thatLThe attenuation of the (0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode in the cement-bonded pipeline is small, so that high-energy excitation can be realizedL(0,2) a sensor of ultrasonic guided wave mode can be used to determine the axial position of a defect in a through-wall pipe.
Which utilizes axial magnetization and pasted magnetostrictive patch type sensor to efficiently exciteLAnd (0,2) carrying out axial positioning on the defects in the through-wall pipeline in an ultrasonic guided wave mode. In order to realize the axial positioning of the defects in the through-wall pipeline, the invention optimizes and selects the optimal length-width ratio of the magnetostrictive material by utilizing the relationship between the strength of the demagnetizing field and the length-width ratio of the magnetostrictive material, so that the designed magnetostrictive patch type sensor can efficiently exciteL(0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode. In the design research, a theoretical model, simulation and experiment comparison mode is adopted. In addition, the method supports a self-excitation and self-receiving measurement mode, and can adapt to the condition that only one end of the pipeline can be loaded with the sensor in the through-wall pipeline detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: 1) the magnetostrictive material is axially adhered to the pipeline, and the axial length of the single piece of magnetostrictive material is more than twice of the circumferential length of the single piece of magnetostrictive material. Adhering multiple sections of magnetostrictive materials in the circumferential range of the whole pipeline; 2) magnetizing a magnetostrictive material along an axial direction of the pipe; 3) attaching a flexible printed coil on a magnetostrictive material, wherein the attaching range is the whole circumferential range of the pipeline; 4) a self-excitation self-receiving mode is adopted, sine wave signals modulated by a Hanning window with 5 periods are input through a flexible printing coil, and received signals are collected.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a SMD sensor of magnetic induced shrinkage or elongation of longitudinal pasting magnetization of high-efficient excitation longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode which characterized in that includes: the flexible printed coil and the magnetostrictive material are used for exciting an L (0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode; the magnetostrictive material is used for being adhered to a pipeline, the axial length of a single piece of magnetostrictive material adhered to the surface of the pipeline is more than twice of the circumferential length of the single piece of magnetostrictive material, a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive material cover the circumferential range of the pipeline, the magnetization direction of the magnetostrictive material is consistent with the axial direction of the pipeline, and the flexible printing coil is adhered to the magnetostrictive material and covers the circumferential range of the pipeline.
Furthermore, the leads on the flexible printed coil are connected with each other to form four rows of symmetrical two-to-two-circuit folding circuits which are alternately arranged.
Further, the magnetostrictive material contains 48.94% of iron, 48.75% of cobalt, 0.01% of carbon, 0.05% of silicon, 0.30% of niobium, 0.05% of manganese and 1.90% of vanadium.
Further, the length of the flexible printed coil along the axial direction of the pipeline to be tested is 48mm, and the length along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be tested is determined according to the diameter of the pipeline to be tested; 40 leads are arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline to be tested, and 39 leads are arranged along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be tested; the line widths and the intervals of all the conducting wires are respectively 1mm and 0.2 mm; the conducting wires are connected with each other to form four sections of folding circuits, and the width of each section of folding circuit is 12 mm; the flexible printed coil is provided with two bonding pads which are respectively positioned at two ends of the folding circuit.
Further, the pipeline is a through-wall pipeline.
And, according to the above preferred sensor operating method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step S1: adhering the magnetostrictive material to a pipeline in the axial direction; adhering and covering the circumferential range of the pipeline by adopting a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive materials;
step S2: magnetizing the magnetostrictive material along an axial direction of the pipe;
step S3: attaching the flexible printed coil to a magnetostrictive material, wherein the attaching range covers the circumferential range of the pipeline;
step S4: inputting a sine wave signal modulated by a Hanning window with 5 cycles through the flexible printed coil by adopting a self-excitation self-receiving mode, and collecting a received signal; and determining the axial location of the defect in the pipe from the received signals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention and the optimized scheme thereof have the following beneficial effects:
1. the ratio of the axial length to the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material adhered to the pipeline is increased, so that the demagnetization coefficient of the magnetostrictive material can be reduced. The pipe can reduce the demagnetization field due to the reduction of the demagnetization coefficient, thereby increasing the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetized magnetostrictive material and enhancing the excitationL(0,2) ultrasonic guided wave signals;
2. excited with high efficiencyL(0,2) can compensate for the attenuation of the concrete thereto, and thusL(0,2) the ultrasonic guided wave signal can be observed;
3. the excitation receiving mode based on the pulse echo makes it possible to excite and receive the ultrasonic guided wave at one side of the pipe.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure and a principle of a magnetostrictive patch sensor with longitudinal adhesion magnetization according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical result of a relationship between the length ratio of the magnetostrictive material in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the pipeline and the coefficient of the demagnetizing field of the magnetostrictive material under different magnetizing coefficients in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of a relationship between a length ratio of magnetostrictive materials in an axial direction of a pipe and a circumferential direction of the pipe and a magnetic field intensity of the magnetostrictive materials in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the length ratio of magnetostrictive material in the axial direction to the circumferential direction of a pipe according to various embodiments of the present inventionL(0,2) experimental result schematic diagram of ultrasonic guided wave signal relationship.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating positioning of a magnetostrictive patch sensor longitudinally bonded and magnetized according to an embodiment of the present invention on a defect in a cement bond pipe.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flexible printed coil structure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail as follows:
it should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It should be understood that although the terms first, second, and third may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 6, the scheme provided by the present embodiment mainly includes:
high efficiency excitationL(0,2) flexible printed coils in ultrasonic guided wave mode, and magnetostrictive materials axially magnetized and adhered to the surface of the pipeline.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the axial length of the magnetostrictive material adhered to the surface of the pipeline is more than twice the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material, multiple sections of magnetostrictive material are adhered to the circumferential range of the whole pipeline, the magnetization direction of the magnetostrictive material is consistent with the axial direction of the pipeline, and the magnetostrictive material can be efficiently excitedLAnd (0,2) an ultrasonic guided wave mode for determining the axial position of the defect in the through-wall pipeline. The parts are characterized as follows:
1. for a flexible printed coil: the width (length along the axial direction of the pipe to be measured) is 48 mm. The length (length along the circumference of the pipe to be tested) depends on the pipe diameter of the pipe to be tested. There are 40 conductive lines perpendicular to the width direction and 39 conductive lines perpendicular to the length direction. The line widths and the intervals of all the conducting wires are 1mm and 0.2 mm. The wires are connected to form a four-section folding circuit. The width of each section of the folding circuit is 12 mm. The flexible printed coil has two pads respectively located at two ends of the folding circuit.
2. For magnetostrictive materials, the component contents include: 48.94% of iron, 48.75% of cobalt, 0.01% of carbon, 0.05% of silicon, 0.30% of niobium, 0.05% of manganese and 1.90% of vanadium. The thickness is 0.152 mm.
When in test, the magnetostrictive material is axially stuck on the pipeline, and the axial length of the magnetostrictive material is more than twice of the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material. A plurality of sections of magnetostrictive materials are adhered to the circumferential range of the whole pipeline. The magnetostrictive material is magnetized along the axial direction of the pipe.
According to the above design, the usage and workflow of the present embodiment includes:
1) the magnetostrictive material is axially adhered to the pipeline, and the axial length of the magnetostrictive material is more than twice of the circumferential length of the magnetostrictive material. Adhering multiple sections of magnetostrictive materials in the circumferential range of the whole pipeline;
2) magnetizing a magnetostrictive material along an axial direction of the pipe;
3) attaching a flexible printed coil on a magnetostrictive material, wherein the attaching range is the whole circumferential range of the pipeline;
4) a self-excitation self-receiving mode is adopted, sine wave signals modulated by a Hanning window with 5 periods are input through a flexible printing coil, and received signals are collected.
As shown in fig. 2 to fig. 5, the present embodiment is correspondingly simulated and implemented according to the above design, and the test results all prove the efficacy of the solution of the present embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any person can obtain other various forms of magnetostrictive patch sensors and working methods thereof that efficiently excite the longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode and that are magnetized by pasting longitudinally, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a SMD sensor of magnetic induced shrinkage or elongation of longitudinal pasting magnetization of high-efficient excitation longitudinal ultrasonic guided wave mode which characterized in that includes: the flexible printed coil and the magnetostrictive material are used for exciting an L (0,2) ultrasonic guided wave mode; the magnetostrictive material is used for being adhered to a pipeline, the axial length of a single piece of magnetostrictive material adhered to the surface of the pipeline is more than twice of the circumferential length of the single piece of magnetostrictive material, a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive material cover the circumferential range of the pipeline, the magnetization direction of the magnetostrictive material is consistent with the axial direction of the pipeline, and the flexible printing coil is adhered to the magnetostrictive material and covers the circumferential range of the pipeline.
2. The magnetostrictive patch sensor for highly efficient excitation of longitudinal paste magnetization in a longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wires on the flexible printed coil are connected with each other to form four rows of symmetrical two-to-two-circuit folding circuits which are alternately arranged.
3. The magnetostrictive patch sensor for highly efficient excitation of longitudinal paste magnetization in a longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetostrictive material comprises 48.94% of iron, 48.75% of cobalt, 0.01% of carbon, 0.05% of silicon, 0.30% of niobium, 0.05% of manganese and 1.90% of vanadium.
4. The magnetostrictive patch sensor for highly efficient excitation of longitudinal paste magnetization in a longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode according to claim 2, characterized in that: the length of the flexible printing coil along the axial direction of the pipeline to be tested is 48mm, and the length along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be tested is determined according to the diameter of the pipeline to be tested; 40 leads are arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline to be tested, and 39 leads are arranged along the circumferential direction of the pipeline to be tested; the line widths and the intervals of all the conducting wires are respectively 1mm and 0.2 mm; the conducting wires are connected with each other to form four sections of folding circuits, and the width of each section of folding circuit is 12 mm; the flexible printed coil is provided with two bonding pads which are respectively positioned at two ends of the folding circuit.
5. The magnetostrictive patch sensor for highly efficient excitation of longitudinal paste magnetization in a longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipeline is a through-wall pipeline.
6. The working method of the magnetostrictive patch sensor for efficiently exciting the longitudinal paste magnetization of the longitudinal ultrasonic guided-wave mode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: adhering the magnetostrictive material to a pipeline in the axial direction; adhering and covering the circumferential range of the pipeline by adopting a plurality of sections of magnetostrictive materials;
step S2: magnetizing the magnetostrictive material along an axial direction of the pipe;
step S3: attaching the flexible printed coil to a magnetostrictive material, wherein the attaching range covers the circumferential range of the pipeline;
step S4: inputting a sine wave signal modulated by a Hanning window with 5 cycles through the flexible printed coil by adopting a self-excitation self-receiving mode, and collecting a received signal; and determining the axial location of the defect in the pipe from the received signals.
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Application publication date: 20211210 |