CN113777169B - Shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compaction degree detection device and method - Google Patents
Shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compaction degree detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device and a detection method, which solve the problems that a probe rod generates an embedding and squeezing effect on soil body and a bending element is in close contact with roadbed soil to be detected in the prior art, and have the beneficial effect of improving the reliability of a shear wave test result, and the specific scheme is as follows: the device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site soil filling subgrade based on the shear wave speed comprises a shear wave excitation mechanism and a shear wave receiving mechanism, wherein the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism both comprise an outer sleeve, a soil sampling inner core pipe and a bending element inner core pipe; the side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a first opening; the soil taking inner core pipe can be detachably connected with the external casing pipe so that soil in the external casing pipe enters the soil taking inner core pipe when the external casing pipe cuts into the soil, and the soil taking inner core pipe can move relative to the external casing pipe under the action of external force; the bending element inner core rod comprises an inner hollow rod body, the rod body can be connected with an outer sleeve, the rod body is provided with a second opening communicated with the first opening, and a movable bending element test piece is arranged in the rod body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the compaction degree of an on-site road filling subgrade based on shear wave velocity.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The roadbed is an important component of a highway line, and the current roadbed filling engineering faces the problems of short construction period, complex compaction effect detection and the like. With the gradual popularization of large-tonnage road rollers and large-thickness paving technologies, the traditional compaction degree detection method, such as sand filling method detection, is no longer applicable, and the requirement of compaction degree detection under the large-thickness paving condition is difficult to meet.
Research has shown that the compaction state of the soil can be reflected by the shear wave velocity, and the bending element test piece is the most convenient and reliable way for detecting the shear wave velocity of the soil. Meanwhile, the bending element test piece extends into the soil body to detect the compaction state, so that the method is convenient and efficient, and the damage to the built engineering can be reduced.
Most of the current soil filling shear wave velocity testing methods based on bending element test pieces are of an injection type, namely, a solid rod-shaped structure is directly injected into a soil body. However, the inventor finds that the volume of the probe rod generates a remarkable embedding and squeezing effect on soil, so that the soil nearby is compacted. The difficulty of the bending element test piece extending into the soil body is increased, and the reliability of the wave velocity test result is obviously influenced. Meanwhile, the pure road foundation soil coring faces the difficult problems that the complete core sample is difficult to take out, is greatly disturbed after being taken out and the like, and the soil filling and compacting effect is not reliable enough through coring detection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compaction degree detection device, which can effectively reduce disturbance, damage and damage to a soil body, has repeatability in a detection result and meets the requirements of short construction period and accuracy.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device comprises a shear wave excitation mechanism and a shear wave receiving mechanism, wherein the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism can be inserted into a soil filling subgrade at a set distance, and both comprise an outer sleeve, an earth taking inner core pipe and a bending element inner core rod;
the inner part of the outer sleeve is hollow, and a first opening is formed in the side wall of the outer sleeve;
the soil sampling inner core pipe is hollow inside and can be detachably connected with the external sleeve, so that soil mass inside the external sleeve enters the soil sampling inner core pipe when the external sleeve is inserted into the soil mass, and the soil sampling inner core pipe can move relative to the external sleeve under the action of external force so as to be extracted through the soil sampling inner core pipe and soil samples inside the soil sampling inner core pipe;
crooked unit inner core pole including inside hollow body of rod, the body of rod can be connected with outside sleeve pipe, the body of rod set up can with the communicating second opening of first opening, set up mobilizable crooked unit test piece in the body of rod, crooked unit test piece can be through second opening, first opening remove to the soil body outside the outside sleeve pipe, realize shear wave transmission or receipt.
The detection device, the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism can be arranged in a roadbed soil body, one is used for transmitting shear waves, and the other is used for receiving the shear waves, so that the shear wave speed can be obtained to judge the compaction degree condition of the soil filling roadbed; and the soil sample in the soil sampling inner core pipe can be taken out, so that the subsequent bent element inner core rod is convenient to install in the outer sleeve, and the taken out soil sample can reflect the physical state of the soil body.
According to the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device, the rod body is internally provided with the moving mechanism, and the moving mechanism is connected with the bending element test piece so as to drive the bending element test piece to do reciprocating linear motion in the direction vertical to the rod body.
According to the device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site soil filling subgrade based on the shear wave velocity, the moving mechanism comprises the power part and the transmission mechanism, the power part is connected with the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is matched with the first rack fixed on the bending element test part, and the power part drives the bending element test part to move relative to the rod body through the transmission mechanism.
In the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device, for convenience of operation, the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are connected through a transmission chain, the driving wheel is connected with the power part, the driven wheel drives a third gear to rotate, the driven wheel and the third gear are coaxially arranged, so that the third gear is driven to rotate in the rotation process of the driven wheel, and the third gear is meshed with the first rack;
the power piece is a Z-shaped rocker connected with the driving wheel, and the Z-shaped rocker penetrates through the inner core rod of the bending element and the outer sleeve so as to drive the third gear to rotate from the outside of the outer sleeve; or the power part is a rotating motor connected with the driving wheel.
According to the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device, the third gear is further meshed with the second rack, the second rack is arranged on one side of the vertical plate body and is perpendicular to the first rack, and the second rack is arranged close to the side wall of the rod body so as to drive the vertical plate body to close or open the second opening through rotation of the third gear.
According to the device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site soil filling roadbed based on the shear wave velocity, the bending element test piece comprises the piezoelectric ceramic bending element, one end of the bending element test piece is arranged in a mode of aligning to the second opening, the base is arranged in the annular direction of the bending element test piece, the base is filled with the packaging material to wrap the piezoelectric ceramic bending element, one side of the base is fixed with the first rack, and the other side of the base is supported through the bottom end of the rod body.
In other embodiments, the moving mechanism is a first linear driving mechanism, the first linear driving mechanism is fixed in the rod body, and the first linear driving mechanism is connected with the bending element test piece to drive the bending element test piece to move;
and a movable switch door is arranged at the second opening in the rod body and is connected with the second linear driving mechanism so as to drive the switch door to close or open the second opening.
According to the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device, one end of the outer sleeve is provided with the inclined plane which is convenient for the outer sleeve to be inserted into a soil body, the inner side of one end provided with the inclined plane is provided with the clamping groove structure, and one ends of the soil taking inner core pipe and the bending element inner core rod can be clamped with the clamping groove structure, so that the integrity of the outer sleeve and the soil taking inner core pipe or the integrity of the outer sleeve and the bending element inner core rod is effectively guaranteed.
According to the device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site soil filling subgrade based on the shear wave velocity, the outer sleeve, the soil taking inner core pipe and the bending element inner core rod are provided with the platforms at the outer edges of one ends, and the platforms are provided with the through holes capable of penetrating through the locking pieces, so that the detachable connection of the outer sleeve and the soil taking inner core pipe and the detachable connection of the outer sleeve and the bending element inner core rod can be realized, and the detection device can be reused.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a detection method of the device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site road fill subgrade based on the shear wave velocity, which comprises the following steps:
determining the distance between the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism;
aiming at the shear wave excitation mechanism or the shear wave receiving mechanism, connecting the external sleeve with the soil sampling inner core pipe, and pressing the external sleeve and the soil sampling inner core pipe into the roadbed soil body;
removing the connection relation between the external casing and the soil taking inner core pipe, taking out the soil taking inner core pipe from the external casing through external force, and leaving the external casing in the roadbed soil body;
the bending element inner core rod is deeply inserted into the outer sleeve, the first opening is communicated with the second opening, and the bending element inner core rod and the outer sleeve are fastened;
the bending element test piece in the shear wave excitation mechanism generates excitation waves, and the bending element test piece in the shear wave receiving mechanism receives corresponding received waves to obtain the shear wave propagation time;
obtaining the shear wave velocity according to the distance between the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, the extension length of the bending element test piece relative to the outer sleeve and the shear wave propagation time;
and comparing the obtained shear wave velocity with an indoor calibration result to obtain a result so as to reflect the compaction state of the roadbed soil body on the site.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism, the shear wave speed can be obtained, the wave speed test result is compared with the indoor calibration result, so that the compaction state of the on-site soil body can be reflected, the on-site shear wave speed detection of the roadbed can be realized by the integrated device, the physical state and the compaction effect of the soil body can be reflected, the integrated structure can penetrate into the roadbed soil body, the compaction disturbance to the peripheral soil body is effectively reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of the test result are ensured.
2) According to the invention, the soil taking inner core pipe is detachably arranged in the outer sleeve, so that the penetration of a soil filling subgrade can be realized when the outer sleeve is inserted into a roadbed soil body, and the compaction disturbance to the peripheral soil body is reduced; the soil taking inner core pipe can move upwards to take out an internal core sample, and then a bent element inner core rod is arranged in the outer sleeve, the soil taking inner core pipe is arranged on the inner side of the outer sleeve to overcome the interference of overlarge lateral frictional resistance on the pulling out, and the core taking is more convenient.
3) According to the invention, the transmission mechanism is arranged in the bending element inner core rod and is matched with the power source, so that the bending element test piece is effectively driven to move towards the soil body in a reciprocating linear mode, the second rack can be driven to close or open the second opening of the rod body, the bending element test piece can be just sent out of the outer sleeve when the bending element test piece is opened, and therefore, the probability that soil particles enter the bending element inner core rod is reduced.
4) The platform is arranged at one end of the outer sleeve, so that the platform can be conveniently detachably connected with the soil taking inner core pipe or the bending element test piece inner core pipe, the clamping groove structure is arranged at the other end of the outer sleeve, so that the platform can be conveniently connected with the soil taking inner core pipe or the bending element test piece inner core pipe in a clamping manner, and the stability of the soil taking inner core pipe or the bending element test piece inner core pipe in the outer sleeve is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are included to illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hole forming and soil sampling kit in a shear wave velocity-based on-site soil matrix compaction degree detection device according to one or more embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a bending element inner core rod encased in an outer casing in a shear wave velocity based field fill subgrade compaction test apparatus in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of an outer casing in a shear wave velocity based on in situ soil matrix compaction testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an inner core tube of soil taken from an in-situ soil matrix compaction testing apparatus based on shear wave velocity according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view of a bending element inner core rod encased by an outer sleeve of a shear wave velocity based in situ soil matrix compaction testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of a bending element inner core rod encased by an outer sleeve of a shear wave velocity based in situ soil matrix compaction testing apparatus according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the top end of the core tube to the outer casing in the apparatus for testing the compaction of an in situ soil matrix based on shear wave velocity according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the drive wheel assembly of FIG. 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the drive wheel assembly of FIG. 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the bend element test piece of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the bend element test piece of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the combination of a third gear and a bending element test piece and a vertical plate in the shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device according to one or more embodiments of the invention.
In the figure: the spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the schematic is shown only schematically.
Wherein: 1. pore-forming and soil sampling external member, 101, outside sleeve pipe, 102, draw-in groove structure, 103, soil sampling inner core pipe, 2, sleeve pipe and inner core junction, 201, fastening bolt, 3, driving wheel subassembly, 301, driving gear, 302, rocker, 4, drive chain, 5, bending element test piece, 6, lateral wall protection component, 7, bending element, 8, shear wave receiving mechanism, 9, follow driving wheel subassembly, 901, follow driving wheel, 902, third gear, 10, base, 11, bending element inner core pole.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically, electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As introduced in the background art, the problem that the reliability of a shear wave test result is influenced by soil compaction exists in the prior art, and in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a field soil filling roadbed compaction degree detection device based on shear wave velocity.
Example one
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the apparatus for detecting compaction of a soil-filling subgrade on site based on shear wave velocity comprises a shear wave excitation mechanism and a shear wave receiving mechanism 8, which can be inserted into the soil-filling subgrade at a set distance, wherein each of the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism comprises an outer sleeve 101, an inner core tube 103 for taking soil, and an inner core rod 11 for a bending element.
The inner part of the outer sleeve is hollow, and a first opening is formed in the side wall of the outer sleeve;
the soil sampling inner core pipe is hollow inside and at the bottom, and can be detachably connected with the external casing pipe as shown in fig. 4, so that soil inside the external casing pipe enters the soil sampling inner core pipe when the external casing pipe is inserted into the soil, and the soil sampling inner core pipe can move relative to the external casing pipe under the action of external force so as to be sampled through the soil sampling inner core pipe and soil samples inside the soil sampling inner core pipe;
crooked unit inner core pole including inside hollow body of rod, the body of rod can be connected with outside sleeve pipe, the body of rod set up can with the communicating second opening of first opening, set up mobilizable crooked unit test piece in the body of rod, crooked unit test piece can be through second opening, first opening remove to the soil body outside the outside sleeve pipe, realize shear wave transmission or receipt.
Referring to fig. 1, the outer casing 101 and the soil sampling core tube 103 can be assembled in situ to form a hole forming and soil sampling kit 1, the soil sampling core tube 103 can be inserted into the outer casing 101, and the outer diameter of the soil sampling core tube 103 is matched with the inner diameter of the outer casing.
Referring to fig. 3, the outer sleeve 101 is a hollow cylindrical shell structure, and the material of the outer sleeve may be a metal material; the bottom end of the external sleeve 101 is sharp, and particularly, the bottom end of the cylindrical pipe is cut off by an inclined plane to form a sharp end, so that the bottom end of the external sleeve is provided with the inclined plane, and the external sleeve can be conveniently cut into a soil body under the action of top load of the external sleeve;
the bottom end of the outer sleeve is fixedly connected with a first plate along the inner side of the outer sleeve towards the direction far away from the sharp end to form a clamping groove structure 102, and the soil taking inner core tube 103 and the bottom end of the bending element inner core rod 11 can be embedded into the clamping groove structure 102 at the bottom of the outer sleeve. Through the draw-in groove structure, effectively guarantee the wholeness of outside sleeve pipe and the inner core pipe that fetches earth, perhaps the wholeness of outside sleeve pipe and crooked unit inner core pole.
Specifically, the first plate is connected with the inner side of the bottom end of the outer sleeve in a welded mode, the first plate can comprise a plurality of sections of arc-shaped plates which can be two sections or three sections, the adjacent two sections of arc-shaped plates are connected in a welded mode, one end of each arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the outer sleeve, the other end of each arc-shaped plate is spaced from the side wall of the outer sleeve by a set distance, and therefore a clamping groove structure is formed between the arc-shaped plates and the outer sleeve.
Referring to fig. 7, one end, i.e., the top end, of the soil sampling inner core tube is fixedly fastened to the outer casing 101 by a locking member, e.g., a fastening bolt 201, so that the soil sampling inner core tube can be structurally assembled and disassembled from the outer casing 101.
In order to realize the connection of the soil sampling inner core pipe and one end of the external sleeve, platforms, specifically annular platforms, are respectively arranged at the outer edges of the top ends of the soil sampling inner core pipe and the external sleeve, and the annular platforms of the soil sampling inner core pipe and the external sleeve can realize lap joint; the annular platforms are respectively vertical to the side walls of the soil taking inner core tube or the outer sleeve, the annular platforms are respectively provided with through holes, the through holes can be threaded holes, and the fastening bolt 201 penetrates through the two aligned threaded holes to realize detachable connection of the soil taking inner core tube and the outer sleeve.
Further, the rod body of the bending element inner core rod 11 is a hollow metal rod-shaped structure with a closed bottom end, the appearance size of the hollow metal rod-shaped structure is the same as that of the soil sampling inner core tube 103, and the bottom end of the rod body is closed to support the bending element test piece.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the side wall of the bending element core rod 11 is provided with a second opening for allowing the bending element test piece 5 to extend out, and the second opening is completely corresponding to the first opening of the outer sleeve (the size and the dimension are the same), the second opening of the bending element core rod and the first opening of the outer sleeve can be communicated, the top end of the bending element core rod 11 is also provided with an annular platform, so that the annular platform at the top end of the bending element core rod is connected with the outer sleeve, and the bottom end of the bending element core rod can be clamped into the clamping groove structure of the outer sleeve.
The bending element test piece 5 is arranged in the bending element inner core rod 11 and can extend into a soil body, and specifically, the bending element test piece is connected with the moving mechanism so as to realize the movement of the bending element test piece.
In order to realize the movement of the bending element test piece, the side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a first opening at the side part of the bending element test piece, so that the bending element test piece enters the soil body through the first opening.
In this embodiment, the moving mechanism includes a power part and a transmission mechanism, the power part is connected with the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism includes a driving wheel component 3, the driving wheel component 3 is connected with a driven wheel component 9 through a transmission chain 4, and the bending element test piece 5 is inserted into the soil body or retracted. It can be easily understood that, in order to facilitate the operation of the driving wheel assembly, the driving wheel assembly 3 is arranged at the upper half section inside the bending element inner core rod 11 and is arranged close to the top end of the bending element inner core rod 11, and the driven wheel assembly 9 is connected with the bending element test piece 5.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8 and 9, the driving wheel assembly is provided with a rocker 302, one end of the rocker 302 passes through the outer sleeve and the rod body of the bending element inner core rod 11 to be connected with a driving wheel 301 in the driving wheel assembly, the rocker is a Z-shaped rocker, and the other end of the rocker controls the rotation of the driving wheel.
Of course, in other examples, the power member is a rotating motor connected with the driving wheel, and the rotating motor can be installed in the rod body of the bending element core rod.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, in order to ensure that soil particles do not enter the interior of the bending element core rod 11, a side wall protection element 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the bending element core rod, and the side wall protection element 6 can move up and down along with the bending element test piece base 10 so as to open or close the first opening.
Specifically, in some examples, the side wall protection element 6 is a vertical plate body with a second rack, the vertical plate body is vertically arranged, the bottom of the vertical plate body is of a triangular structure, one side of the vertical plate body with teeth can be matched with a driven wheel 901 in a driven wheel set, and thus in the rotating process of the driven wheel, the vertical plate body can be driven to move in the vertical direction to shield or open the second opening.
Crooked component test piece includes piezoceramics crooked component 7, crooked component test piece pass through base 10 with follow the driving wheel cooperation, the base is the foraminiferous cuboid thin shell of the side of a side area first rack, the trompil that the signal line of being convenient for was arranged in the same direction as out is left to the base. The driven wheel is matched with the first rack of the base to drive the bending element test piece to move along the horizontal direction.
Specifically, when the piezoelectric ceramic bending element 7 is suspended inside the base 10 during packaging, after the piezoelectric ceramic bending element is exposed out of the base from the base hole by about 1.0cm, the electric signal cable of the piezoelectric ceramic bending element 7 is taken out of the rear end of the base 10. The encapsulating material, which is epoxy glue, is slowly injected into the base 10 until the epoxy glue fills the entire base 10. And after the epoxy resin adhesive is cured, the packaging of the piezoelectric ceramic bending element 7 is completed.
It should be noted that, the piezoelectric ceramic bending element is the prior art, the piezoelectric ceramic bending element can convert an electrical signal and a vibration mechanical signal to each other, and one of a pair of piezoelectric ceramic bending elements arranged at the same horizontal height is used for generating shear waves, and the other is used for receiving the shear waves, thereby realizing measurement of the shear wave speed.
It is easy to understand that the base is located the below from the driving wheel, and the bending element test piece of being capsulated by packaging material supports through the bottom inboard of the body of rod, and lateral wall protection component 6 is located the side from the driving wheel, rotates action wheel 301 through rocker 302, and power passes through drive chain 4 and drives bottom driven wheel group 9 and rotate, by rotating from driving wheel 901, and then makes base 10 and lateral wall protection component 6 horizontal and vertical removal respectively to accomplish lateral wall protection component 6 and open and shut and bending element test piece 5 and stretch into and withdraw the action.
Therefore, the external sleeve, the soil sampling inner core pipe and the bending element inner core rod are respectively provided with two parts, one part forms a shear wave excitation mechanism for excitation of shear waves, and the other part forms a shear wave receiving mechanism for receiving the shear waves.
A method for detecting compaction degree of a penetration type on-site filling soil subgrade based on shear wave velocity specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Determining a test point position according to the specific requirements of engineering detection, firstly cleaning and leveling the upper surface of the roadbed to ensure that an external sleeve and an earth-taking inner core pipe can be vertically pressed into a soil body;
2) Marking the outer edge of the outer sleeve according to the depth of the tested roadbed soil so as to control the depth of the roadbed soil extending into the soil body;
3) Adjusting the distance between the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism, measuring the distance between the circle centers of the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism to be L, assembling and fixing the outer sleeve and the soil taking inner core pipe, and pressing the outer sleeve and the soil taking inner core pipe into a roadbed soil body by using a power load applying device until the mark position of the outer sleeve is flush with the upper surface of the soil body;
4) Removing the four-position fixing screw at the top end, vertically taking out the soil taking inner core pipe upwards through external force, and leaving the outer casing in the roadbed soil body;
5) After the second opening of the bending element inner core rod and the first opening of the outer sleeve are in the same direction, the bending element inner core rod extends into the outer sleeve, the rocker extends into the external member to be connected with the driving gear after being fixed by the bolt, and the rocker rotates the driving wheel to enable the bending element test piece to extend into a soil body. In order to avoid the reverse rotation of the driving gear caused by the dead weight of the rocker, the rocker is taken out of the driving gear to fix the position of the rocker;
6) A bending element test piece in the shear wave excitation mechanism is communicated with an electric signal with preset frequency and amplitude to generate excitation waves, meanwhile, the shear wave receiving mechanism receives shear wave signals, and the shear wave propagation time t is determined by utilizing a time domain initial arrival method.
7) The outer diameter of the outer sleeve is R, the extension length of the bending element test piece is L, the distance between the circle centers of the sections of the two sleeves is L, and the distance between the end parts of the two bending elements, namely the propagation distance of the shear wave, is recorded as L tt . According to the formula l tt Calculating the shear wave propagation distance according to v s ＝l tt And solving the shear wave velocity at the time of the shear wave.
8) And comparing the obtained shear wave velocity with an indoor calibration result to obtain a result so as to reflect the compaction state of the roadbed soil body on the site.
It should be explained that the dynamic load applying means is an existing load applying means such as a jack or other device.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is:
the moving mechanism is a first linear driving mechanism which is fixed in the rod body and connected with the bending element test piece so as to drive the bending element test piece to move;
a movable switch door is arranged at the second opening in the rod body and is connected with a second linear driving mechanism to drive the switch door to close or open the second opening.
Specifically, the first linear driving mechanism and the second linear driving mechanism can be driving motors, the first motor drives the bending element test piece to linearly move, and the first motor drives the bending element test piece to do reciprocating linear motion through the gear rack mechanism;
the second motor is fixed above the second opening of the rod body, the second motor is a linear moving motor, and the second motor is directly connected with the vertical plate body to drive the vertical plate body to move.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The device for detecting the compaction degree of the on-site soil filling subgrade based on the shear wave speed is characterized by comprising a shear wave excitation mechanism and a shear wave receiving mechanism, wherein the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism can be inserted into the soil filling subgrade at a set interval distance and both comprise an outer sleeve, a soil sampling inner core pipe and a bending element inner core pipe;
the inner part of the outer sleeve is hollow, and a first opening is formed in the side wall of the outer sleeve;
the soil sampling inner core pipe is hollow inside and can be detachably connected with the external casing pipe, so that soil mass inside the external casing pipe enters the soil sampling inner core pipe when the external casing pipe is inserted into the soil mass, and the soil sampling inner core pipe can move relative to the external casing pipe under the action of external force so as to take out soil samples inside the soil sampling inner core pipe;
the bending element inner core rod comprises a rod body which is hollow inside, the rod body can be connected with an external sleeve, a second opening which can be communicated with the first opening is arranged on the rod body, a movable bending element test piece is arranged in the rod body, and the bending element test piece can move into a soil body on the outer side of the external sleeve through the second opening and the first opening to realize shear wave emission or reception;
a moving mechanism is arranged in the rod body and connected with the bending element test piece so as to drive the bending element test piece to do reciprocating linear motion in the direction vertical to the rod body;
the moving mechanism comprises a power part and a transmission mechanism, the power part is connected with the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is matched with a first rack fixed on the bending element test piece;
the transmission mechanism is a chain transmission mechanism, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are connected through a transmission chain, the driving wheel is connected with the power part, the driven wheel drives a third gear to rotate, and the third gear is meshed with the first rack;
the power part is a Z-shaped rocker connected with the driving wheel, or the power part is a rotating motor connected with the driving wheel;
the moving mechanism is a first linear driving mechanism, the first linear driving mechanism is fixed in the rod body, and the first linear driving mechanism is connected with the bending element test piece so as to drive the bending element test piece to move;
and a movable switch door is arranged at the second opening in the rod body and is connected with the second linear driving mechanism so as to drive the switch door to close or open the second opening.
2. The shear wave velocity-based device for detecting the compaction of a soil filling subgrade in a site according to claim 1, wherein the third gear is further engaged with a second rack, the second rack is arranged on one side of the vertical plate body and is perpendicular to the first rack, and the second rack is arranged close to the side wall of the rod body so as to drive the vertical plate body to close or open the second opening through the rotation of the third gear.
3. The shear wave velocity-based on-site soil matrix compaction degree detection device according to claim 1, wherein the bending element test piece comprises a piezoelectric ceramic bending element, one end of the bending element test piece is arranged in alignment with the second opening, the bending element test piece is annularly provided with a base, an encapsulation material is filled in the base to wrap the piezoelectric ceramic bending element, one side of the base is used for fixing the first rack, and the other side of the base is supported through the bottom end of the rod body.
4. The shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an inclined surface facilitating insertion of the outer sleeve into a soil body is arranged at one end of the outer sleeve, a clamping groove structure is arranged on the inner side of the end provided with the inclined surface, and one end of each of the soil taking inner core pipe and the bending element inner core pipe can be clamped with the clamping groove structure.
5. The shear wave velocity-based on-site soil filling roadbed compactness detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein platforms are arranged on the outer edges of one ends of the outer sleeve, the soil taking inner core pipe and the bending element inner core rod, and each platform is provided with a through hole through which a locking piece can pass.
6. A shear wave velocity-based on-site road subgrade compactness detection method, which adopts the shear wave velocity-based on-site road subgrade compactness detection device of any one of claims 1-5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the distance between the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism;
aiming at the shear wave excitation mechanism or the shear wave receiving mechanism, connecting the external sleeve with the soil sampling inner core pipe, and pressing the external sleeve and the soil sampling inner core pipe into the roadbed soil body;
removing the connection relation between the external casing and the soil taking inner core pipe, taking out the soil taking inner core pipe from the external casing through external force, and leaving the external casing in the roadbed soil body;
the bending element inner core rod is deeply inserted into the outer sleeve, the first opening is communicated with the second opening, and the bending element inner core rod and the outer sleeve are fastened;
the bending element test piece in the shear wave excitation mechanism generates excitation waves, and the bending element test piece in the shear wave receiving mechanism receives corresponding received waves to obtain the shear wave propagation time;
obtaining the shear wave velocity according to the distance between the shear wave excitation mechanism and the shear wave receiving mechanism, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve, the extension length of the bending element test piece relative to the outer sleeve and the shear wave propagation time;
and comparing the obtained shear wave velocity with an indoor calibration result to obtain a result so as to reflect the compaction state of the roadbed soil body on site.
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| CN118275538A (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2024-07-02 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Deep soil body active monitoring device and monitoring method based on shear wave velocity |
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