CN113776587B - Device and method for monitoring service of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring service of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776587B CN113776587B CN202111019998.6A CN202111019998A CN113776587B CN 113776587 B CN113776587 B CN 113776587B CN 202111019998 A CN202111019998 A CN 202111019998A CN 113776587 B CN113776587 B CN 113776587B
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for monitoring the service of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing, which are characterized in that an optical fiber grating is wound on the hydrogen storage cylinder and provided with a strain sensor, a hydrogenation gun is connected with an optical fiber flange to sense, demodulate and analyze dual deformation signals of inflation deformation of an inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder and deformation of a composite material structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, stress strain conditions of the hydrogen storage cylinder are monitored in real time, a fatigue damage structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is identified and positioned through inversion, and data are further compared and confirmed by combining a big data cloud platform analysis technology, so that the function of monitoring the stress state of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time is realized, effective protective measures are conveniently and timely taken, the safety and reliability of the hydrogen storage cylinder are guaranteed, and the functions of monitoring and early warning the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time are comprehensively realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of real-time monitoring of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinders, and particularly relates to a device and a method for monitoring service of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing.
Background
The hydrogen energy industry for China is in a rapid starting stage, however, compared with the rapid development of fuel cell automobiles, hydrogen stations and related industries, systematic research on the hydrogen energy utilization safety technology in China is relatively deficient, falls behind the actual demand of industrial development, and has no capability of supporting the healthy rapid development of the industry. Firstly, the research foundation of the hydrogen energy safety technology in China is weak, the research of the hydrogen energy safety technology is mainly concentrated in the basic fields of hydrogen fuel cell safety, hydrogen behavior, material compatibility of hydrogen related equipment and the like, research strength is dispersed, the depth is insufficient, the safety reliability test method and detection authentication means of the hydrogen related equipment, materials and components are lacking, the safety of the fuel cell, the safety of the whole car and the safety research of a hydrogen storage tank cannot comprise all accident scenes in the practical application process, and the safety technology research of a hydrogen station is close to blank. Secondly, china does not have the industrialization capability of hydrogen supply system equipment commonly used abroad, and related safety technology research is in a blank state. The pressure of the foreign hydrogen supply system is generally 70MPa, and the pressure of the vehicular hydrogen in China is 35MPa due to the limitations of technology and manufacturing capacity. The hydrogen supply pressure of 35MPa greatly reduces the driving mileage of the hydrogen energy automobile and increases the storage and transportation cost of hydrogen. At present, a 70MPa III type gas cylinder in China already enters a loading experiment stage, but is not formally loaded for use. The loading application of the 70MPa system is a necessary trend in the future, which requires that the hydrogen storage cylinder has corresponding reliable inspection and test standards and methods for ensuring the hydrogen storage cylinder. Thirdly, the safety problem of the power energy of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder fuel automobile is solved, and the monitoring accuracy of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is directly related to life and property safety and social stability. The problems of defects, fatigue and the like of the vehicle-mounted gas cylinder become a common hidden trouble of the hydrogen storage fuel automobile. Therefore, a real-time monitoring and early warning system for the carrier gas bottle of the vehicle needs to be established, and the real-time on-line monitoring, early warning, forecasting and emergency treatment are carried out on the gas bottle in the rapid inflation process of the vehicle-mounted gas bottle, so that the method is particularly important for ensuring the operation safety of the hydrogen storage fuel vehicle. In addition, after the method is applied, the method can be popularized and applied in follow-up scientific research experiments, hydrogen storage industry and automobile industry, so that the energy utilization of hydrogen energy in China can be effectively improved, and the problem of energy clamping in China is greatly solved.
At present, the better monitoring mode for checking the hydrogen storage cylinder is a strain electrical measurement technology, an acoustic emission technology, an ultrasonic technology and the like. The working principle of the strain electrical measurement method is that the strain effect of the resistor is used for measuring the gas cylinder, the requirement on the environment is good, the electrical signal is not stable enough, and the data report error is easy to be caused by electromagnetic interference; the acoustic emission technology is used for detecting the gas cylinder, mainly detecting the defects of the inside and the surface of the gas cylinder body, but acoustic emission is easy to be interfered by the environment, and cannot meet the monitoring of the stress state in the operation of the gas cylinder; the working principle of the ultrasonic stress technology is mainly to realize the stress measurement of the gas cylinder by utilizing ultrasonic waves, and the residual stress, the working stress and the surface stress of the gas cylinder can be measured, but the monitoring technology cannot realize real-time and on-line monitoring, so that the vehicle-mounted real-time stress state monitoring cannot be satisfied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the device and the method are used for monitoring the stress state of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder, an optical fiber grating, a strain sensor, a hydrogenation gun, an upper computer and a cloud platform; the hydrogen storage cylinder comprises an inner container and a composite material layer covering the outer side of the inner container, a cylinder valve is arranged at the opening of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a two-dimensional code which is uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder is fixed on the cylinder body; the fiber bragg grating is spirally wound on the surface of the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder with the strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed by the liner is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of layers of coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor is even, the coils on the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coil on the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coil on the even layer; the hydrogenation gun is provided with an optical fiber flange interface which is used for connecting an optical fiber grating led out from the fiber outlet of the bottle valve when the hydrogenation gun is used for hydrogenating the butt-joint bottle valve and is provided with a strain sensor for collecting strain data of the hydrogen storage bottle when the hydrogen storage bottle is filled and discharged with hydrogen rapidly, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer; the upper computer comprises an optical path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected, and is used for receiving and processing the fiber bragg grating in real time, sensing the strain data of the hydrogen gas cylinder with the strain sensor, uploading the strain data to the cloud platform through a network, judging the stress concentration condition of the hydrogen gas cylinder according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen gas cylinder, evaluating the damage degree and evaluating the service life characteristic of the hydrogen gas cylinder; the cloud platform is used for establishing a database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder according to time sequence data of a strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure under big data.
According to the scheme, the fiber bragg grating sensor comprises a plurality of optical fibers which are arranged in parallel and coplanar mode according to a certain interval, and a cladding which is coated by cladding technology and is used for cladding all the optical fibers.
According to the scheme, the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep-frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the optical signal shunt modulation module comprises a comb filter; the high-speed sweep frequency light source is used for generating narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputting the narrow-band optical signals into the plurality of optical couplers; the optical coupler is used for splitting the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals; the comb filter and the fiber grating with the strain sensor are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler, the comb filter is used for obtaining a transmitted light signal, and the fiber grating with the strain sensor is used for obtaining a modulated reflected light signal according to the physical quantity change of the hydrogen storage cylinder under rapid flushing.
Further, the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multi-channel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a characteristic generation module, a characteristic identification module, a data abnormality monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector and is used for converting a received optical signal into a current signal and sending the current signal to the multichannel data acquisition module; the multichannel data acquisition module is used for acquiring current signals, filtering, amplifying and sending the current signals to the AD module; the AD module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sending the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip is used for conditioning the received signals and sending the signals to the DA module; the DA module is used for performing digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sending the signals to the characteristic generation module; the characteristic generation module is used for converting the electric signal with the characteristic points into physical quantity of the simulated hydrogen storage cylinder and uploading the physical quantity to the cloud platform; the feature recognition module is used for recognizing the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code and calling a feature model of the corresponding hydrogen storage cylinder from the cloud platform; the data abnormality monitoring module is used for evaluating and judging whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormality is judged; the alarm module is used for giving out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
According to the scheme, the upper computer further comprises a wireless communication module and a storage module; the wireless communication module is used for establishing communication between the upper computer and the cloud platform; the storage module is used for storing real-time monitoring data, evaluation conclusion and alarm records.
A service monitoring method of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder with optical fiber sensing comprises the following steps:
s0: building a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following specific steps of;
s01: placing a plurality of optical fibers in parallel and coplanar mode according to a certain interval, coating all the optical fibers by adopting a coating process, and preparing an optical fiber grating with a strain sensor; the fiber bragg grating is spirally wound on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder with the strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed by the inner container is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of layers of coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor is even, the coils on the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coil on the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coil on the even layer; arranging a two-dimensional code which is uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder on the body of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and mounting the hydrogen storage cylinder on a vehicle;
s02: an optical fiber flange interface is arranged on a hydrogenation gun of the hydrogenation station, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer; an optical path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected are arranged in the upper computer; the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the comb filter and the fiber bragg grating in the optical signal shunt modulation module are respectively connected with the output end of the optical coupler with a strain sensor; the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multichannel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a characteristic generation module, a characteristic identification module, a data abnormality monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector; the upper computer is connected with the cloud platform through a network;
s03: before the delivery of a vehicle, scanning a two-dimensional code of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder body, and uploading the characteristic data of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the two-dimensional code to a cloud platform by an upper computer, wherein the cloud platform establishes a hydrogen storage cylinder database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s1: the vehicle enters a hydrogenation station, a two-dimensional code of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder body is scanned, a feature recognition module of a circuit module of the upper computer recognizes the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code, and a feature model of the corresponding hydrogen storage cylinder is called from a cloud platform;
s2: the hydrogenation gun is used for hydrogenating the butt joint bottle valve, an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun is connected with an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the bottle valve and provided with a strain sensor, and the optical fiber grating is provided with the strain sensor for collecting real-time strain data of the hydrogen storage bottle during rapid hydrogen filling and discharging and storing the real-time strain data to an upper computer of the hydrogenation station;
s3: the upper computer demodulates the physical quantity of the expansion deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen filling and discharging, and uploads the physical quantity to the cloud platform;
s4: the cloud platform root adopts a big data neural network to deeply learn time sequence data of a strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the pressure of filling and discharging, updates a cloud platform database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, analyzes the swelling deformation characteristic of the hydrogen storage cylinder and predicts the typical characteristic risk of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s5: the upper computer monitors time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder when the hydrogen storage cylinder rapidly flushes and discharges hydrogen according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, judges whether stress concentration phenomenon exists currently, evaluates the damage degree by identifying the fatigue characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, and analyzes and judges the service life characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder; if the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal, an audible and visual alarm is sent to remind a person to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
Further, in the step S2, the specific steps are as follows:
s21: the high-speed sweep frequency light source of the light path module of the upper computer generates narrow-band light signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputs the narrow-band light signals into a plurality of optical couplers;
s22: the optical coupler splits the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals;
s23: the multichannel optical signals are transmitted through a comb filter to obtain transmission optical signals; the physical quantity of the hydrogen storage bottle body is slightly changed and modulated on a reflected light signal which passes through the fiber bragg grating and is provided with a strain sensor when the hydrogen storage bottle rapidly flushes and discharges hydrogen;
s24: the optical path module sends a reflected light signal representing the real-time strain of the hydrogen storage cylinder to the photoelectric conversion module of the circuit module.
Further, in the step S3, the specific steps are as follows:
s31: the photoelectric conversion module adopts a signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, maps the reflected light signals of the fiber grating and the strain sensor to different space positions according to different wavelengths through the integrated photon chip, receives the reflected light signals through the photoelectric detectors arranged at the corresponding different space positions, converts the reflected light signals into current signals and sends the current signals to the multichannel data acquisition module;
s32: the multichannel data acquisition module acquires a current signal, filters and amplifies the current signal and sends the current signal to the AD module; the AD module carries out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sends the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip conditions the received signals and sends the signals to the DA module; the DA module performs digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sends the signals to the feature generation module;
s33: the characteristic generation module converts the electric signals obtained through the processing and conversion into physical quantities of the simulated hydrogen storage cylinder, obtains strain information at each measuring point on the hydrogen storage cylinder through reconstruction and resolution of the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum, and calculates a structural strain field of the inverted hydrogen storage cylinder; and uploading the calculated strain field data to a cloud platform.
Further, in the step S5, the specific steps are as follows:
s51: the data abnormality monitoring module of the upper computer evaluates and judges whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and sends an alarm signal to the alarm module when judging the abnormality;
s52: the alarm module sends out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
A computer storage medium having stored therein a computer program executable by a computer processor for performing a fiber-sensed on-board hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring method.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the device and the method for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing, the optical fiber grating is wound on the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder and provided with the strain sensor, the optical fiber grating is wound on the surface of the composite material formed by the liner again and provided with the strain sensor, the hydrogenation station is provided with the hydrogenation gun which is provided with the optical communication device capable of being connected with the optical fiber grating flange of the hydrogen storage cylinder, the hydrogenation gun is connected with the optical fiber flange to sense, demodulate and analyze dual deformation signals of inflation deformation of the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder and deformation of the composite material structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder, so that the stress strain condition of the hydrogen storage cylinder is monitored in real time, the damage position and the crack degree of the hydrogen storage cylinder are quickly sensed, the fatigue damage structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is identified and positioned in an inverted mode, and the function of monitoring the stress state of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time is realized.
2. According to the invention, a unique characteristic identification two-dimensional code is arranged for each hydrogen storage cylinder with the fiber bragg grating strain sensor, the service life fatigue data of the hydrogen storage cylinder is identified by scanning the characteristic two-dimensional code of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and the data are further compared and confirmed by combining a big data cloud platform analysis technology, so that effective protective measures are timely taken, the safety and reliability of the hydrogen storage cylinder are ensured, and the real-time monitoring and early warning functions of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder are comprehensively realized.
3. Based on the current situation that the prior art of safely utilizing hydrogen energy is lacking in a systematic way, the accuracy and the reliability of real-time monitoring of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder are effectively improved by using the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor and the big data analysis technology, the development requirement of the energy industry is met, and the healthy and rapid development of the industry is supported; the method can be rapidly put into industrialization through scientific research experiments, fills the blank of the hydrogen storage cylinder health monitoring part of the hydrogen energy industry in China, and promotes the industry development of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of analyzing inflation deformation characteristics of a hydrogen storage cylinder based on a big data cloud platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fiber grating with sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a hydrogen storage cylinder with a sensor and an alternate spiral wound fiber grating according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage cylinder with a sensor and an alternate spiral wound fiber grating with a cylinder valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a connection diagram of a monitoring and diagnosing evaluation cloud platform in the first direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a connection diagram of a monitoring and diagnosing evaluation cloud platform in the second direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the fiber bragg grating is provided with a sensor; 2. an inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 3. a composite material on the surface of the liner; 4. a hydrogen storage cylinder; 5. the body characteristic two-dimensional code of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 6. fiber bragg grating is arranged at the cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder and is provided with a sensor fiber outlet; 7. an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun; 8. a hydrogenation gun; 9. a cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 10. and the upper computer cloud platform.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention comprises a fiber bragg grating and sensor wrapped gas cylinder monitoring technology, a hydrogen storage gas cylinder and fiber optic and hydrogen station data communication technology and a method for analyzing the inflation deformation characteristics of the hydrogen storage gas cylinder based on a big data cloud platform.
Fiber bragg grating and sensor winding gas cylinder monitoring technology
Although the common bare fiber grating has excellent strain sensing performance, the working environment in the actual engineering project of the hydrogen storage cylinder is complex and changeable, the bare fiber grating is very easy to break to cause interruption of monitoring signals, and the bare fiber grating is very inconvenient to paste, so that the time cost and the economic cost are greatly increased. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, a fiber bragg grating which has excellent sensing performance and can adapt to severe environments is designed, and the fiber bragg grating with the sensor plays a very key role in the hydrogen storage cylinder health monitoring technology. The optical fiber ribbon cable used in the market at present is only used for signal transmission, a plurality of optical fibers are placed in parallel according to a certain interval, the optical fibers are not allowed to cross, the optical fibers are parallel and coplanar, then an ultraviolet curing material is used for coating the optical fibers, and a curing lamp is used for structural curing. Therefore, the fiber grating with the strain sensor structure is disclosed, all the optical fibers are coated, the coated optical fibers are coated by the coating process, and the molded structure is shown in figure 3.
The fiber bragg grating is wound on the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder in an alternating spiral mode and provided with the strain sensor, the fiber bragg grating is wound on the surface of the composite material formed by the inner container again and provided with the strain sensor, in order to ensure the reliability and the effectiveness of the fiber bragg grating sensor, the packaging and winding monitoring process of the hydrogen storage cylinder is considered, as shown in fig. 4, the fiber bragg grating and provided with the sensor is ensured to obtain the smallest strain transmission loss as possible in the using process, and the whole sensor size is required to consider the forming process in the practical engineering project of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The ribbon has high structural strength, good stress-strain resistance against severe environment, and greatly improved bending resistance compared with the traditional communication optical cable, and reduces the processing and manufacturing cost of the traditional ribbon optical cable.
Hydrogen storage cylinder with optical fiber and hydrogen adding station data communication technology
The hydrogen storage cylinder valve is provided with a fiber grating ribbon strain sensor wound on a fiber outlet, a connected fiber flange is arranged on a hydrogenation gun and used for collecting strain data of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder when the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder is rapidly charged and discharged, a demodulator module of a hydrogenation station is connected with the subsequent end of the fiber on the hydrogenation gun and used for connecting the fiber outlet, demodulation equipment and a computer terminal are integrated, and a big data cloud platform is connected, so that real-time monitoring of fatigue characteristics of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder when the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder is rapidly charged and discharged is realized.
Method for analyzing inflation deformation characteristics of hydrogen storage cylinder based on big data cloud platform
The data processing upper computer of the big data cloud platform of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is provided with a multichannel data acquisition module, a photoelectric conversion module, an AD analog circuit unit, an FPGA chip, a storage module, a D/A digital circuit conversion unit, a characteristic generation module, a characteristic identification module, a data abnormality monitoring unit, an alarm module and a wireless communication module. The light path part mainly comprises a high-speed sweep-frequency light source, optical signal shunt modulation and the like. The analog circuit module receives the data signal acquired by the multichannel acquisition module, and performs filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion on the signal, so that the carrier-to-noise ratio of the transmission signal is improved; the output end of the analog circuit is connected with the FPGA chip to generate a narrow-band optical signal with wide tuning range and high stability, the narrow-band optical signal is branched into multiple channels through a plurality of optical couplers, then the multiple channels are acted on a comb filter or a grating to obtain a modulated optical signal (the comb filter is a transmission signal, and the grating is a reflection signal), finally the optical signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion, and the change of the physical quantity of the inflation deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder is demodulated through sampling and signal processing methods.
Based on the signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, the integrated photon chip is adopted to map the reflected light of the sensor to different space positions according to different wavelengths, and the central wavelength of the reflected spectrum of the grating array is reconstructed and resolved by receiving the reflected signals of the sensor at the different space positions. And obtaining strain information of each measuring point on the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder, and performing calculation inversion of a structural strain field, namely calculating to obtain strain field data of the whole hydrogen cylinder according to information of each discrete measuring point on the hydrogen cylinder.
And establishing a cloud platform database based on time sequence data of the deep learning strain field of the big data neural network according to the strain field information of the whole hydrogen cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure. The method comprises the steps of identifying characteristic data of a gas storage cylinder by scanning a two-dimensional code of the body of the gas storage cylinder, connecting a fiber outlet of the gas storage cylinder with a hydrogenation gun optical fiber, connecting optical fiber data at the rear end of the hydrogenation gun with an upper computer at any time, monitoring time sequence data of quick flushing and discharging of the gas cylinder by a cloud platform database of the upper computer, judging whether stress concentration phenomenon exists or not, evaluating damage degree of the vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder, and judging service life characteristics of the vehicle-mounted gas storage cylinder.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the design concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications according to the principles and design ideas of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing is characterized in that: the device comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder, a fiber grating and a hydrogenation gun, an upper computer and a cloud platform, wherein the fiber grating is provided with a strain sensor;
the hydrogen storage cylinder comprises an inner container and a composite material layer covering the outer side of the inner container, a cylinder valve is arranged at the opening of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a two-dimensional code which is uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder is fixed on the cylinder body;
the fiber bragg grating is spirally wound on the surface of the liner of the hydrogen storage cylinder with the strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed by the liner is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of layers of coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor is even, the coils on the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coil on the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coil on the even layer;
the hydrogenation gun is provided with an optical fiber flange interface which is used for connecting an optical fiber grating led out from the fiber outlet of the bottle valve when the hydrogenation gun is used for hydrogenating the butt-joint bottle valve and is provided with a strain sensor for collecting strain data of the hydrogen storage bottle when the hydrogen storage bottle is filled and discharged with hydrogen rapidly, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer;
the upper computer comprises an optical path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected, and is used for receiving and processing the fiber bragg grating in real time, sensing the strain data of the hydrogen gas cylinder with the strain sensor, uploading the strain data to the cloud platform through a network, judging the stress concentration condition of the hydrogen gas cylinder according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen gas cylinder, evaluating the damage degree and evaluating the service life characteristic of the hydrogen gas cylinder; the cloud platform is used for establishing a database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder according to time sequence data of a strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure under big data.
2. The device for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the fiber grating and strain sensor comprises a plurality of optical fibers which are arranged in parallel and coplanar mode according to a certain interval, and a cladding which is coated by cladding technology and is used for cladding all the optical fibers.
3. The device for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the optical signal shunt modulation module comprises a comb filter; the high-speed sweep frequency light source is used for generating narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputting the narrow-band optical signals into the plurality of optical couplers; the optical coupler is used for splitting the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals; the comb filter and the fiber grating with the strain sensor are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler, the comb filter is used for obtaining a transmitted light signal, and the fiber grating with the strain sensor is used for obtaining a modulated reflected light signal according to the physical quantity change of the hydrogen storage cylinder under rapid flushing.
4. The device for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 3, wherein the device is characterized in that: the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multichannel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a characteristic generation module, a characteristic identification module, a data abnormality monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector and is used for converting a received optical signal into a current signal and sending the current signal to the multichannel data acquisition module; the multichannel data acquisition module is used for acquiring current signals, filtering, amplifying and sending the current signals to the AD module; the AD module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sending the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip is used for conditioning the received signals and sending the signals to the DA module; the DA module is used for performing digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sending the signals to the characteristic generation module; the characteristic generation module is used for converting the electric signal with the characteristic points into physical quantity of the simulated hydrogen storage cylinder and uploading the physical quantity to the cloud platform; the feature recognition module is used for recognizing the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code and calling a feature model of the corresponding hydrogen storage cylinder from the cloud platform; the data abnormality monitoring module is used for evaluating and judging whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormality is judged; the alarm module is used for giving out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
5. The device for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized in that: the upper computer also comprises a wireless communication module and a storage module; the wireless communication module is used for establishing communication between the upper computer and the cloud platform; the storage module is used for storing real-time monitoring data, evaluation conclusion and alarm records.
6. A monitoring method of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s0: building a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following specific steps of;
s01: placing a plurality of optical fibers in parallel and coplanar mode according to a certain interval, coating all the optical fibers by adopting a coating process, and preparing an optical fiber grating with a strain sensor; the fiber bragg grating is spirally wound on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder with the strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed by the inner container is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of layers of coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor is even, the coils on the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coil on the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coil on the even layer; arranging a two-dimensional code which is uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder on the body of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and mounting the hydrogen storage cylinder on a vehicle;
s02: an optical fiber flange interface is arranged on a hydrogenation gun of the hydrogenation station, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer; an optical path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected are arranged in the upper computer; the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the comb filter and the fiber bragg grating in the optical signal shunt modulation module are respectively connected with the output end of the optical coupler with a strain sensor; the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multichannel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a characteristic generation module, a characteristic identification module, a data abnormality monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector; the upper computer is connected with the cloud platform through a network;
s03: before the delivery of a vehicle, scanning a two-dimensional code of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder body, and uploading the characteristic data of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the two-dimensional code to a cloud platform by an upper computer, wherein the cloud platform establishes a hydrogen storage cylinder database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s1: the vehicle enters a hydrogenation station, a two-dimensional code of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder body is scanned, a feature recognition module of a circuit module of the upper computer recognizes the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code, and a feature model of the corresponding hydrogen storage cylinder is called from a cloud platform;
s2: the hydrogenation gun is used for hydrogenating the butt joint bottle valve, an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun is connected with an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the bottle valve and provided with a strain sensor, and the optical fiber grating is provided with the strain sensor for collecting real-time strain data of the hydrogen storage bottle during rapid hydrogen filling and discharging and storing the real-time strain data to an upper computer of the hydrogenation station;
s3: the upper computer demodulates the physical quantity of the expansion deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen filling and discharging, and uploads the physical quantity to the cloud platform;
s4: the cloud platform root adopts a big data neural network to deeply learn time sequence data of a strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the pressure of filling and discharging, updates a cloud platform database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, analyzes the swelling deformation characteristic of the hydrogen storage cylinder and predicts the typical characteristic risk of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s5: the upper computer monitors time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder when the hydrogen storage cylinder rapidly flushes and discharges hydrogen according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, judges whether stress concentration phenomenon exists currently, evaluates the damage degree by identifying the fatigue characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, and analyzes and judges the service life characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder; if the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal, an audible and visual alarm is sent to remind a person to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
7. The method of monitoring according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, the specific steps are as follows:
s21: the high-speed sweep frequency light source of the light path module of the upper computer generates narrow-band light signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputs the narrow-band light signals into a plurality of optical couplers;
s22: the optical coupler splits the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals;
s23: the multichannel optical signals are transmitted through a comb filter to obtain transmission optical signals; the physical quantity of the hydrogen storage bottle body is slightly changed and modulated on a reflected light signal which passes through the fiber bragg grating and is provided with a strain sensor when the hydrogen storage bottle rapidly flushes and discharges hydrogen;
s24: the optical path module sends a reflected light signal representing the real-time strain of the hydrogen storage cylinder to the photoelectric conversion module of the circuit module.
8. The method of monitoring according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S3, the specific steps are as follows:
s31: the photoelectric conversion module adopts a signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, maps the reflected light signals of the fiber grating and the strain sensor to different space positions according to different wavelengths through the integrated photon chip, receives the reflected light signals through the photoelectric detectors arranged at the corresponding different space positions, converts the reflected light signals into current signals and sends the current signals to the multichannel data acquisition module;
s32: the multichannel data acquisition module acquires a current signal, filters and amplifies the current signal and sends the current signal to the AD module; the AD module carries out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sends the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip conditions the received signals and sends the signals to the DA module; the DA module performs digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sends the signals to the feature generation module;
s33: the characteristic generation module converts the electric signals obtained through the processing and conversion into physical quantities of the simulated hydrogen storage cylinder, obtains strain information at each measuring point on the hydrogen storage cylinder through reconstruction and resolution of the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum, and calculates a structural strain field of the inverted hydrogen storage cylinder; and uploading the calculated strain field data to a cloud platform.
9. The method of monitoring according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S5, the specific steps are as follows:
s51: the data abnormality monitoring module of the upper computer evaluates and judges whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and sends an alarm signal to the alarm module when judging the abnormality;
s52: the alarm module sends out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
10. A computer storage medium, characterized by: a computer program executable by a computer processor is stored therein, the computer program executing a method for monitoring the service of an optical fiber sensing vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
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