CN113776587A - Vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device and method based on optical fiber sensing - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device and method based on optical fiber sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113776587A CN113776587A CN202111019998.6A CN202111019998A CN113776587A CN 113776587 A CN113776587 A CN 113776587A CN 202111019998 A CN202111019998 A CN 202111019998A CN 113776587 A CN113776587 A CN 113776587A
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Abstract
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device and method based on optical fiber sensing, wherein a fiber bragg grating is wound on a hydrogen storage cylinder and provided with a strain sensor, a double deformation signal of the inflation deformation of an inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the deformation of a composite material structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is sensed, demodulated and analyzed through a hydrogenation gun connected with a fiber flange, the stress-strain condition of the hydrogen storage cylinder is monitored in real time, the fatigue damage structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is identified and positioned through inversion, the data is further compared and confirmed by combining a big data cloud platform analysis technology, the function of monitoring the stress state of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time is realized, effective protective measures can be taken conveniently in time, the safety and reliability of the hydrogen storage cylinder are guaranteed, and the real-time monitoring and early warning functions of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder are comprehensively realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of real-time monitoring of vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinders, and particularly relates to a device and a method for monitoring service of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing.
Background
The hydrogen energy industry for vehicles in China is in a rapid starting stage, but compared with the rapid development of fuel cell vehicles, hydrogen stations and related industries, the systematic research on the hydrogen energy utilization safety technology in China is relatively deficient, lags behind the practical requirement of industrial development, and does not have the capability of supporting the healthy and rapid development of the industry. Firstly, the research of hydrogen energy safety technology in China is weak in foundation, the research of hydrogen energy safety technology mainly focuses on the basic fields of hydrogen fuel cell safety, hydrogen behavior, material compatibility of hydrogen-related equipment and the like, the research of force dispersion and depth are insufficient, the safety and reliability test method and the detection and authentication means of hydrogen-related equipment, materials and parts are lacked, the research of fuel cell safety, vehicle safety and hydrogen storage tank safety cannot include all accident scenes in the practical application process, and the research of hydrogen station safety technology is nearly blank. And secondly, China does not have the industrialization capability of the hydrogen supply system equipment commonly used abroad, and the related safety technology research is in a blank state. The pressure of foreign hydrogen supply systems is generally 70MPa, and the pressure of vehicle-mounted hydrogen in China is 35MPa due to the limitation of technology and manufacturing capacity. The 35MPa hydrogen supply pressure greatly reduces the driving mileage of the hydrogen energy automobile and increases the storage and transportation cost of the hydrogen. At present, the domestic 70MPa III type gas cylinder enters the loading experiment stage, but is not formally loaded for use. The future on-board application of 70MPa systems is a necessary trend, which requires that the hydrogen storage cylinders have reliable test standards and methods corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinders to guarantee. And thirdly, the safety problem of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder fuel automobile power energy is solved, and the monitoring accuracy of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is directly related to the life and property safety and the social stability. The defects of the vehicle-mounted gas cylinder, the fatigue and the like become common hidden troubles of the hydrogen storage fuel automobile. Therefore, a set of vehicle-mounted gas cylinder real-time monitoring and early warning system needs to be established, and the gas cylinder is subjected to real-time online monitoring, early warning, forecasting and emergency treatment in the rapid inflation process of the vehicle-mounted gas cylinder, so that the system is very important for ensuring the operation safety of a hydrogen storage fuel automobile. In addition, after the application of the method, the method can be popularized and applied in subsequent scientific research experiments, hydrogen storage industry and automobile industry, the energy utilization of hydrogen energy in China can be effectively improved, and the energy neck problem in China is greatly improved.
At present, the better monitoring modes for detecting the hydrogen storage cylinder are a strain electrometric technology, an acoustic emission technology, an ultrasonic technology and the like. The working principle of the strain electric measurement method is that the strain effect of a resistor is utilized to measure the gas cylinder, the requirement on the environment is good, the electric signal is not stable enough, and datagram errors are easily caused by electromagnetic interference; the gas cylinder detection is carried out by the acoustic emission technology, mainly defects inside and on the surface of a gas cylinder body are detected, but the acoustic emission is easily interfered by the environment and cannot meet the requirement of monitoring the stress state of the gas cylinder in operation; the working principle of the ultrasonic stress technology is mainly that the stress measurement of the gas cylinder is realized by utilizing ultrasonic waves, the residual stress, the working stress and the surface stress of the gas cylinder can be measured, but the monitoring technology cannot realize real-time and on-line monitoring, so that the monitoring of the vehicle-mounted real-time stress state cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the device and the method are used for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder, an optical fiber grating with a strain sensor, a hydrogenation gun, an upper computer and a cloud platform; the hydrogen storage cylinder comprises an inner container and a composite material layer covering the outer side of the inner container, a cylinder valve is arranged at an opening of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a two-dimensional code which uniquely corresponds to the hydrogen storage cylinder is fixed on a cylinder body; the fiber grating is spirally wound on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder with a strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed on the inner container is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of the coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor is even, the coils in the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coils in the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coils in the even layer; the hydrogenation gun is provided with an optical fiber flange interface which is used for connecting an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve and provided with a strain sensor when the hydrogenation gun is in butt joint with the cylinder valve for hydrogenation and collecting strain data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer; the upper computer comprises a light path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected and is used for receiving and processing the fiber bragg grating in real time, sensing strain data of the hydrogen cylinder by the strain sensor, uploading the strain data to the cloud platform through a network, and judging the stress concentration condition, evaluating the damage degree and evaluating the service life characteristic of the hydrogen cylinder according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen cylinder; the cloud platform is used for establishing a database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder according to strain field time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure under big data.
According to the scheme, the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor comprises a plurality of optical fibers which are arranged in a coplanar manner in parallel at a certain interval, and a cladding which is coated by adopting a cladding process and wraps all the optical fibers.
According to the scheme, the optical path module comprises a high-speed frequency sweeping light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the optical signal shunting modulation module comprises a comb filter; the high-speed sweep frequency light source is used for generating narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputting the narrow-band optical signals into the plurality of optical couplers; the optical coupler is used for splitting the narrow-band optical signal into a multi-channel optical signal; the comb filter and the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler, the comb filter is used for obtaining a transmission light signal, and the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor is used for obtaining a modulated reflection light signal according to the physical quantity change of the hydrogen storage cylinder under rapid charging and discharging.
Furthermore, the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multi-channel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a feature generation module, a feature identification module, a data abnormity monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photonic chip and a photoelectric detector, and is used for converting a received optical signal into a current signal and sending the current signal to the multi-channel data acquisition module; the multi-channel data acquisition module is used for acquiring current signals, filtering, amplifying and sending the current signals to the AD module; the AD module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sending the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip is used for conditioning the received signals and sending the conditioned signals to the DA module; the DA module is used for carrying out digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sending the signals to the feature generation module; the characteristic generating module is used for converting the electric signals with the characteristic points into physical quantities simulating the hydrogen storage cylinder and uploading the physical quantities to the cloud platform; the characteristic identification module is used for identifying the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code and calling a corresponding characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder from the cloud platform; the data abnormity monitoring module is used for evaluating and judging whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormality is judged; the alarm module is used for giving out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
According to the scheme, the upper computer further comprises a wireless communication module and a storage module; the wireless communication module is used for establishing communication between the upper computer and the cloud platform; the storage module is used for storing real-time monitoring data, evaluation conclusion and alarm records.
An optical fiber sensing service monitoring method for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder comprises the following steps:
s0: building a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following specific steps;
s01: placing a plurality of optical fibers in parallel and in a coplanar manner at a certain interval, coating all the optical fibers by adopting a coating process, and preparing an optical fiber grating with a strain sensor; spirally winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder, continuously winding the surface of the composite material layer formed on the inner container, and leading out the composite material layer from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of the coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor is even, the coils in the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coils in the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coils in the even layer; arranging a two-dimensional code uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder on the body of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and mounting the hydrogen storage cylinder on a vehicle;
s02: arranging an optical fiber flange interface on a hydrogenation gun of a hydrogenation station, and connecting the other end of the optical fiber flange interface with an upper computer; the upper computer is provided with a light path module and a circuit module which are connected in sequence; the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the comb filter and the fiber bragg grating ribbon strain sensor in the optical signal shunt modulation module are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler; the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multi-channel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a feature generation module, a feature identification module, a data abnormity monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector; the upper computer is connected with the cloud platform through a network;
s03: before the vehicle leaves a factory, scanning a two-dimensional code of a body of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, uploading characteristic data and the two-dimensional code of the hydrogen storage cylinder to a cloud platform by an upper computer, and establishing a hydrogen storage cylinder database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder by the cloud platform;
s1: the method comprises the following steps that a vehicle enters a hydrogen filling station, a two-dimensional code of a body of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is scanned, a characteristic identification module of a circuit module of an upper computer identifies the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code, and a corresponding characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder is taken from a cloud platform;
s2: the hydrogenation gun is in butt joint with the cylinder valve for hydrogenation, an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun is connected with an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve and provided with a strain sensor, and the optical fiber grating and the strain sensor are used for collecting real-time strain data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging and storing the real-time strain data to an upper computer of a hydrogenation station;
s3: the upper computer demodulates the physical quantity of the expansion deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging and uploads the physical quantity to the cloud platform;
s4: the cloud platform root deeply learns strain field time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure by adopting a big data neural network, updates a cloud platform database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, analyzes the charging and expanding deformation characteristics of the hydrogen storage cylinder and predicts the typical characteristic risk of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s5: the upper computer monitors time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, judges whether a stress concentration phenomenon exists at present, evaluates the damage degree by identifying the fatigue characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, and analyzes and judges the service life characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder; and if the current hydrogen storage cylinder is judged to be abnormal, sending an audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
Further, in step S2, the specific steps include:
s21: a high-speed sweep frequency light source of an optical path module of the upper computer generates narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputs the narrow-band optical signals into a plurality of optical couplers;
s22: the optical coupler divides the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals;
s23: the multichannel optical signal passes through a comb filter to obtain a transmission optical signal; the physical quantity of the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage cylinder when the hydrogen is rapidly charged and discharged is modulated on a reflected light signal which passes through the fiber bragg grating and is provided with the strain sensor in a slight change way;
s24: the light path module sends a reflected light signal representing real-time strain of the hydrogen storage cylinder to the photoelectric conversion module of the circuit module.
Further, in step S3, the specific steps include:
s31: the photoelectric conversion module adopts a signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, the integrated photonic chip maps the reflected light signals of the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensors to different spatial positions according to different wavelengths, and the photoelectric detectors arranged at the corresponding different spatial positions receive the reflected light signals, convert the reflected light signals into current signals and send the current signals to the multi-channel data acquisition module;
s32: the multi-channel data acquisition module acquires a current signal, filters and amplifies the current signal and sends the current signal to the AD module; the AD module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the received current signal and sends the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip conditions the received signal and sends the conditioned signal to the DA module; the DA module performs digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sends the signals to the feature generation module;
s33: the characteristic generation module converts the electric signals obtained through the processing conversion into physical quantities simulating the hydrogen storage cylinder, obtains strain information of each measuring point on the hydrogen storage cylinder by reconstructing and resolving the central wavelength of a reflection spectrum, and calculates and inverts a structural strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder; and uploading the strain field data obtained by calculation to a cloud platform.
Further, in step S5, the specific steps include:
s51: the data abnormity monitoring module of the upper computer evaluates and judges whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sends an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormity is judged;
s52: the alarm module sends out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
A computer storage medium having stored therein a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program executing a method for fiber optic sensing in-vehicle monitoring of hydrogen storage cylinder service.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring the service of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on optical fiber sensing, wherein a fiber bragg grating is wound on an inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder and provided with a strain sensor, the surface of a composite material formed by the inner container is wound with the fiber bragg grating again and provided with the strain sensor, a hydrogenation gun with an optical communication device capable of being connected with a fiber bragg grating flange of the hydrogen storage cylinder is arranged at a hydrogenation station, and double deformation signals of the expansion deformation of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder and the deformation of the composite material structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder are sensed, demodulated and analyzed through the connection of the hydrogenation gun and the fiber bragg flange of the hydrogenation gun, so that the stress-strain condition of the hydrogen storage cylinder is monitored in real time, the damage position and the crack degree of the hydrogen storage cylinder are rapidly sensed, the fatigue damage structure of the hydrogen storage cylinder is inversely identified and positioned, and the function of monitoring the stress state of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder in real time is realized.
2. The invention sets a unique characteristic identification two-dimensional code for each hydrogen storage cylinder with the fiber bragg grating strain sensor, identifies the fatigue data of the service life of the hydrogen storage cylinder by scanning the characteristic two-dimensional code of the cylinder, further compares and confirms the data by combining a big data cloud platform analysis technology, takes effective protective measures in time, ensures the safety and reliability of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and comprehensively realizes the real-time monitoring and early warning functions of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder.
3. Based on the current situation that the hydrogen energy technology is safely utilized due to lack of systematicness at present, the accuracy and the reliability of real-time monitoring of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder are effectively improved by the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor and the big data analysis technology, the development requirement of the energy industry is met, and the healthy and rapid development of the industry is supported; the industrial production method can be rapidly put into industrialization through scientific research tests, fills the blank of the health monitoring part of the hydrogen storage cylinder in the hydrogen energy industry in China, and promotes the industrial development of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of analysis of hydrogen storage cylinder inflation deformation characteristics based on a big data cloud platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fiber grating and sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a hydrogen storage cylinder with a sensor and alternately spirally wound with fiber gratings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage cylinder with a sensor and alternately spirally wound fiber bragg grating with a cylinder valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a connection relationship diagram of a monitoring and diagnostic evaluation cloud platform in a first direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a connection relationship diagram of a monitoring and diagnostic evaluation cloud platform in a second direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the fiber grating is provided with a sensor; 2. an inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 3. the composite material on the surface of the inner container; 4. a hydrogen storage cylinder; 5. a two-dimensional code of the body characteristic of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 6. the fiber grating is arranged at the cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder and is provided with a sensor fiber outlet; 7. an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun; 8. a hydrogenation gun; 9. a cylinder valve of the hydrogen storage cylinder; 10. host computer cloud platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention comprises a fiber grating and sensor-equipped winding gas cylinder monitoring technology, a hydrogen storage gas cylinder and optical fiber-equipped and hydrogenation station data communication technology, and a method for analyzing the expansion deformation characteristics of the hydrogen storage gas cylinder based on a big data cloud platform.
Monitoring technology for winding gas cylinder by fiber bragg grating with sensor
Although the common bare fiber grating has excellent strain sensing performance, the working environment in the actual engineering project of the hydrogen storage cylinder is complex and changeable, the bare fiber grating is easily broken to cause the interruption of monitoring signals, the bare fiber grating is very inconvenient to paste, and the time cost and the economic cost are greatly increased. Therefore, in order to improve the problems, the fiber bragg grating with the sensor which has excellent sensing performance and can adapt to severe environment is designed, and the fiber bragg grating with the sensor plays a very important role in the health monitoring technology of the hydrogen storage cylinder. The ribbon optical cable used in the market at present is only used for signal transmission, and is characterized in that a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in parallel according to a certain distance and are not allowed to be crossed, the optical fibers are mutually parallel and coplanar, then the optical fibers are coated by using an ultraviolet curing material, and a curing lamp is used for structural curing. Therefore, the invention discloses a fiber grating structure with a strain sensor, which is characterized in that all optical fibers are completely coated, and the optical fibers are coated by a coating process, and the forming structure is as shown in figure 3.
The fiber bragg grating is wound on the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder in an alternating spiral mode and provided with the strain sensor, the fiber bragg grating is wound on the surface of the composite material formed on the inner container again and provided with the strain sensor, in order to guarantee the reliability and effectiveness of the fiber bragg grating sensor, the packaging and winding monitoring process of the hydrogen storage cylinder is considered, as shown in figure 4, the fiber bragg grating and provided with the strain transmission loss as small as possible is ensured in the using process, then the size of the whole sensor is considered in the forming process of the actual engineering project of the hydrogen storage cylinder, on the premise that the forming stability of the hydrogen storage cylinder is not influenced, the unique fiber bragg grating and provided with the packaging sensor is adopted, the fiber bragg grating and provided with the packaging sensor is different from a common linear thin optical fiber, the strength of a ribbon structure is greatly increased, and the fiber bragg grating strain sensor has the advantages of high density, convenience in connection, small volume, easiness in branching and the like, and has a multi-core structure, compared with the traditional common optical fiber, the optical fiber has better mechanical property, strain transmission property, tensile property and the like. The ribbon structure has high strength, good stress-strain performance for resisting severe environment, greatly improved bending resistance compared with the traditional communication optical cable, and reduced cost for processing and manufacturing the traditional ribbon optical cable.
Hydrogen storage cylinder with optical fiber and hydrogenation station data communication technology
The hydrogen storage cylinder valve is provided with a fiber grating strip-shaped strain sensor winding fiber outlet, a fiber flange connected with the hydrogenation gun is arranged on the hydrogenation gun and used for collecting strain data of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder under quick charging and discharging, the fiber follow-up end of the hydrogenation gun, which is used for being connected with the fiber outlet, is connected with a demodulation instrument module of a hydrogenation station, demodulation equipment is integrated with a computer terminal, and a big data cloud platform is connected to realize real-time monitoring of fatigue characteristics of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder under quick charging and discharging.
Method for analyzing hydrogen storage cylinder inflation deformation characteristics based on big data cloud platform
The data processing upper computer of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder big data cloud platform comprises a multi-channel data acquisition module, a photoelectric conversion module, an AD analog circuit unit, an FPGA chip, a storage module, a D/A digital circuit conversion unit, a feature generation module, a feature identification module, a data abnormity monitoring unit, an alarm module and a wireless communication module. The optical path part mainly comprises a high-speed frequency-sweeping light source, optical signal shunt modulation and the like. The analog circuit module receives the data signal acquired by the multi-channel acquisition module and carries out filtering, amplification and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the signal, so that the carrier-to-noise ratio of a transmission signal is improved; the output end of the analog circuit is connected with the FPGA chip, a high-speed sweep frequency light source generates a narrow-band optical signal with a wide tuning range and high stability, the narrow-band optical signal is divided into multiple channels through a plurality of optical couplers, the multiple channels act on a comb filter or a grating to obtain a modulated optical signal (the comb filter is a transmission signal, and the grating is a reflection signal), finally, the optical signal is subjected to photoelectric conversion, and the change of the physical quantity of the expansion deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder is demodulated through sampling and signal processing methods.
Based on a signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, an integrated photonic chip is adopted to map the reflected light of the sensor to different spatial positions according to different wavelengths, and detectors at different spatial positions receive the reflected signals of the sensor to reconstruct and calculate the central wavelength of the reflection spectrum of the grating array. And obtaining strain information of each measuring point on the vehicle-mounted hydrogen cylinder, and performing calculation and inversion of a structural strain field, namely calculating to obtain strain field data of the whole hydrogen cylinder according to the information of each discrete measuring point on the hydrogen cylinder.
According to the strain field information of the whole hydrogen cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure, the time sequence data of the strain field is deeply learned based on the big data neural network, and a cloud platform database is established. Through the characteristic data of the two-dimensional code discernment gas bomb of scanning hydrogen storage cylinder body, the gas bomb goes out fine mouthful and hydrogenation rifle optical fiber connection, and hydrogenation rifle rear end optical fiber data is connected constantly with the host computer, through the chronogenesis data that host computer cloud platform database control gas cylinder was washed fast and is put, and then judge whether there is stress concentration phenomenon, the impaired degree of the on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder of aassessment to judge the life-span characteristic of on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder monitoring devices in active service based on optical fiber sensing which characterized in that: the device comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder, a fiber bragg grating with a strain sensor, a hydrogenation gun, an upper computer and a cloud platform;
the hydrogen storage cylinder comprises an inner container and a composite material layer covering the outer side of the inner container, a cylinder valve is arranged at an opening of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a two-dimensional code which uniquely corresponds to the hydrogen storage cylinder is fixed on a cylinder body;
the fiber grating is spirally wound on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder with a strain sensor, and the surface of the composite material layer formed on the inner container is continuously wound and led out from the fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of the coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor is even, the coils in the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coils in the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coils in the even layer;
the hydrogenation gun is provided with an optical fiber flange interface which is used for connecting an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve and provided with a strain sensor when the hydrogenation gun is in butt joint with the cylinder valve for hydrogenation and collecting strain data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging, and the other end of the optical fiber flange interface is connected with an upper computer;
the upper computer comprises a light path module and a circuit module which are sequentially connected and is used for receiving and processing the fiber bragg grating in real time, sensing strain data of the hydrogen cylinder by the strain sensor, uploading the strain data to the cloud platform through a network, and judging the stress concentration condition, evaluating the damage degree and evaluating the service life characteristic of the hydrogen cylinder according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen cylinder; the cloud platform is used for establishing a database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder according to strain field time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure under big data.
2. The on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder in-service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing of claim 1, characterized in that: the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor comprises a plurality of optical fibers which are arranged in a parallel and coplanar mode according to a certain distance, and a cladding which is coated by adopting a cladding process and wraps all the optical fibers.
3. The on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder in-service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing of claim 1, characterized in that: the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the optical signal shunting modulation module comprises a comb filter; the high-speed sweep frequency light source is used for generating narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputting the narrow-band optical signals into the plurality of optical couplers; the optical coupler is used for splitting the narrow-band optical signal into a multi-channel optical signal; the comb filter and the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler, the comb filter is used for obtaining a transmission light signal, and the fiber grating ribbon strain sensor is used for obtaining a modulated reflection light signal according to the physical quantity change of the hydrogen storage cylinder under rapid charging and discharging.
4. The on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder in-service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing of claim 3, characterized in that: the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multi-channel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a feature generation module, a feature identification module, a data abnormity monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photonic chip and a photoelectric detector, and is used for converting a received optical signal into a current signal and sending the current signal to the multi-channel data acquisition module; the multi-channel data acquisition module is used for acquiring current signals, filtering, amplifying and sending the current signals to the AD module; the AD module is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received current signal and sending the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip is used for conditioning the received signals and sending the conditioned signals to the DA module; the DA module is used for carrying out digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sending the signals to the feature generation module; the characteristic generating module is used for converting the electric signals with the characteristic points into physical quantities simulating the hydrogen storage cylinder and uploading the physical quantities to the cloud platform; the characteristic identification module is used for identifying the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code and calling a corresponding characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder from the cloud platform; the data abnormity monitoring module is used for evaluating and judging whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sending an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormality is judged; the alarm module is used for giving out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
5. The on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder in-service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper computer also comprises a wireless communication module and a storage module; the wireless communication module is used for establishing communication between the upper computer and the cloud platform; the storage module is used for storing real-time monitoring data, evaluation conclusion and alarm records.
6. The monitoring method of the monitoring device for monitoring the service of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder based on the optical fiber sensing is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s0: building a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder service monitoring device based on optical fiber sensing, which comprises the following specific steps;
s01: placing a plurality of optical fibers in parallel and in a coplanar manner at a certain interval, coating all the optical fibers by adopting a coating process, and preparing an optical fiber grating with a strain sensor; spirally winding the fiber bragg grating and the strain sensor on the surface of the inner container of the hydrogen storage cylinder, continuously winding the surface of the composite material layer formed on the inner container, and leading out the composite material layer from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve; the number of the coils formed by winding the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensor is even, the coils in the same layer are parallel, and the direction of the coils in the odd layer is crossed with the direction of the coils in the even layer; arranging a two-dimensional code uniquely corresponding to the hydrogen storage cylinder on the body of the hydrogen storage cylinder, and mounting the hydrogen storage cylinder on a vehicle;
s02: arranging an optical fiber flange interface on a hydrogenation gun of a hydrogenation station, and connecting the other end of the optical fiber flange interface with an upper computer; the upper computer is provided with a light path module and a circuit module which are connected in sequence; the optical path module comprises a high-speed sweep frequency light source, an optical coupler and an optical signal shunt modulation module which are sequentially connected; the comb filter and the fiber bragg grating ribbon strain sensor in the optical signal shunt modulation module are respectively connected to the output end of the optical coupler; the circuit module comprises a photoelectric conversion module, a multi-channel data acquisition module, an AD module, an FPGA chip, a DA module, a feature generation module, a feature identification module, a data abnormity monitoring module and an alarm module which are connected in sequence; the photoelectric conversion module comprises an integrated photon chip and a photoelectric detector; the upper computer is connected with the cloud platform through a network;
s03: before the vehicle leaves a factory, scanning a two-dimensional code of a body of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, uploading characteristic data and the two-dimensional code of the hydrogen storage cylinder to a cloud platform by an upper computer, and establishing a hydrogen storage cylinder database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder by the cloud platform;
s1: the method comprises the following steps that a vehicle enters a hydrogen filling station, a two-dimensional code of a body of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder is scanned, a characteristic identification module of a circuit module of an upper computer identifies the hydrogen storage cylinder according to the two-dimensional code, and a corresponding characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder is taken from a cloud platform;
s2: the hydrogenation gun is in butt joint with the cylinder valve for hydrogenation, an optical fiber flange interface of the hydrogenation gun is connected with an optical fiber grating led out from a fiber outlet of the cylinder valve and provided with a strain sensor, and the optical fiber grating and the strain sensor are used for collecting real-time strain data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging and storing the real-time strain data to an upper computer of a hydrogenation station;
s3: the upper computer demodulates the physical quantity of the expansion deformation of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging and uploads the physical quantity to the cloud platform;
s4: the cloud platform root deeply learns strain field time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder under the charging and discharging pressure by adopting a big data neural network, updates a cloud platform database and a characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, analyzes the charging and expanding deformation characteristics of the hydrogen storage cylinder and predicts the typical characteristic risk of the hydrogen storage cylinder;
s5: the upper computer monitors time sequence data of the hydrogen storage cylinder during rapid hydrogen charging and discharging according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder, judges whether a stress concentration phenomenon exists at present, evaluates the damage degree by identifying the fatigue characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder, and analyzes and judges the service life characteristic of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder; and if the current hydrogen storage cylinder is judged to be abnormal, sending an audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
7. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, the specific steps are as follows:
s21: a high-speed sweep frequency light source of an optical path module of the upper computer generates narrow-band optical signals with wide tuning range and high stability and inputs the narrow-band optical signals into a plurality of optical couplers;
s22: the optical coupler divides the narrow-band optical signal into multi-channel optical signals;
s23: the multichannel optical signal passes through a comb filter to obtain a transmission optical signal; the physical quantity of the cylinder body of the hydrogen storage cylinder when the hydrogen is rapidly charged and discharged is modulated on a reflected light signal which passes through the fiber bragg grating and is provided with the strain sensor in a slight change way;
s24: the light path module sends a reflected light signal representing real-time strain of the hydrogen storage cylinder to the photoelectric conversion module of the circuit module.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 7, wherein: in the step S3, the specific steps are as follows:
s31: the photoelectric conversion module adopts a signal wavelength-phase mapping demodulation technology, the integrated photonic chip maps the reflected light signals of the fiber bragg grating with the strain sensors to different spatial positions according to different wavelengths, and the photoelectric detectors arranged at the corresponding different spatial positions receive the reflected light signals, convert the reflected light signals into current signals and send the current signals to the multi-channel data acquisition module;
s32: the multi-channel data acquisition module acquires a current signal, filters and amplifies the current signal and sends the current signal to the AD module; the AD module performs analog-to-digital conversion on the received current signal and sends the current signal to the FPGA chip; the FPGA chip conditions the received signal and sends the conditioned signal to the DA module; the DA module performs digital-to-analog conversion processing on the received signals and sends the signals to the feature generation module;
s33: the characteristic generation module converts the electric signals obtained through the processing conversion into physical quantities simulating the hydrogen storage cylinder, obtains strain information of each measuring point on the hydrogen storage cylinder by reconstructing and resolving the central wavelength of a reflection spectrum, and calculates and inverts a structural strain field of the hydrogen storage cylinder; and uploading the strain field data obtained by calculation to a cloud platform.
9. The monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S5, the specific steps are as follows:
s51: the data abnormity monitoring module of the upper computer evaluates and judges whether the current hydrogen storage cylinder is abnormal according to the characteristic model of the hydrogen storage cylinder and sends an alarm signal to the alarm module when the abnormity is judged;
s52: the alarm module sends out audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to maintain or replace the hydrogen storage cylinder in time.
10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that: stored with a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program implementing a method for monitoring service of a fiber-optic sensing onboard hydrogen storage cylinder according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
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