CN113775478B - Construction caisson structure, offshore wind turbine and foundation manufacturing method - Google Patents
Construction caisson structure, offshore wind turbine and foundation manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113775478B CN113775478B CN202111038512.3A CN202111038512A CN113775478B CN 113775478 B CN113775478 B CN 113775478B CN 202111038512 A CN202111038512 A CN 202111038512A CN 113775478 B CN113775478 B CN 113775478B
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- wind turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
- B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction sinking groove structure, which comprises a plurality of channels, baffles arranged on the channels and a platform at the top of a sinking groove, wherein the baffles are arranged on the channels; also discloses a method for manufacturing the offshore wind turbine and the foundation by using the sinking tank. When the foundation construction is carried out, the baffle is closed, water is prevented from entering the channel, the stand column of the foundation is assembled in the channel, the cross beam of the foundation is assembled on the platform, and the stand column and the cross beam are connected. Large hoisting equipment is not needed in the foundation construction process, the foundation construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction cost is saved; meanwhile, the construction on the channel and the platform can be carried out simultaneously, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is saved. Through set up the baffle on the passageway, when carrying out construction in the passageway and/or on the platform, close the baffle, separation water access channel opens the baffle after the construction of completion structure at heavy groove, lets water access channel, and the wet dragging of structure is carried away, the construction and the transportation of the structure of being convenient for.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction caisson structure, an offshore wind turbine and a foundation manufacturing method.
Background
The floating type fan is used for generating electricity and is a main technical means for wind power development in deep and remote sea areas. However, the floating fan is large in size and weight, and a large overweight part needs to be hoisted in the manufacturing and processing process, so that the processing is difficult; meanwhile, the working position of the floating type fan is in the sea area, the floating type fan needs to be transported to a designated sea area for installation after the fan is manufactured, and the large size and the weight of the fan cause inconvenience in fan transportation.
The patent application with the application number of CN201911113785.2, namely semi-submersible floating type fan foundation, fan and construction method, discloses a manufacturing and transporting method of a semi-submersible fan. In the patent application, the foundation is assembled on a dock, then the foundation and the fan body are transported to a wharf close to a preset deployment sea area, then the foundation and the fan body are assembled on the wharf close to the preset deployment sea area, and finally the assembled foundation and the assembled fan body are transported to the preset deployment sea area for installation. In the patent application, the fan foundation and the fan body are transported separately in the process of transporting the fan foundation and the fan body to the wharf, so that the occupied space is reduced, and the transportation difficulty and the transportation cost are reduced; the fan foundation and the fan body are assembled on the wharf, and the assembly is carried out on a preset deployment sea area, so that the working degree and the construction time are reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
However, in the technical scheme disclosed in the patent application, the fan foundation is assembled on the dock, large hoisting equipment is required, and the construction is inconvenient; in addition, after the foundation is assembled, the foundation is wet-towed to a wharf to be assembled with the fan body, and then the foundation and the fan body are wet-towed to a designated sea area together, and the foundation is wet-towed twice, so that the construction process is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that construction of an offshore wind turbine and a foundation in the prior art is inconvenient, and provides a construction caisson structure device, the offshore wind turbine and a foundation manufacturing method.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a heavy groove structure of construction, its characterized in that, the heavy groove structure of construction has the first face that is located the side, the heavy groove of construction is structural has seted up a plurality of passageways, the passageway extends to first face, and form the opening on the first face, the top of the heavy groove structure of construction has the platform, passageway top intercommunication the platform, the heavy groove structure of construction still include a plurality of with the corresponding baffle of passageway, baffle movably sets up on the passageway, and control the passageway with open-ended intercommunication or block.
In this scheme, the construction heavy groove structure sets up at seaside or the bank of rivers limit etc. of being convenient for water transportation, and the setting of being close to water with first face to bottom through setting up the passageway is less than the surface of water, makes the water in waters can pass through in the opening part inflow passageway. The baffle is arranged on the channel to realize the communication and the blockage of the opening and the channel, namely controlling the water to flow into the channel or blocking the water outside the baffle. The top of the construction sinking groove structure is provided with a platform, so that construction operation can be conveniently carried out on the platform. The plurality of channels and the baffle plates corresponding to the channels are arranged, so that the semi-submersible offshore wind turbine foundation can be manufactured in the channels, namely the offshore wind turbine foundation with the plurality of stand columns is manufactured, and the construction of the offshore wind turbine foundation or the offshore wind turbine superstructure is performed on the platform. The baffle is closed during construction, water is prevented from entering the channel from the opening, and after the offshore wind turbine or the offshore wind turbine foundation is manufactured, the baffle is opened, and water is introduced into the channel from the opening, so that wet towing transportation is facilitated.
Preferably, the number of the channels is three.
In the scheme, the number of the channels is three, so that the method is suitable for manufacturing the three-upright-column offshore wind turbine or the foundation of the offshore wind turbine; or for the manufacture of a four-upright marine wind turbine or marine wind turbine foundation having three circumferential uprights and one central upright.
Preferably, the three channels are a first channel, a second channel and a third channel in sequence, and the length of the second channel is shorter than that of the first channel and that of the third channel.
In the scheme, the second channel positioned in the middle of the first channel and the third channel is shorter than the first channel and the third channel, so that a larger communication area is formed in the middle of the construction sinking groove structure platform, and construction is facilitated. Meanwhile, the second channel is shorter, so that the installation of a die at the position of the second channel is less when the construction sink structure is manufactured, and the manufacturing is convenient.
Preferably, the channel extends along a straight line in the horizontal direction, and the channel is arranged perpendicular to the first surface; the channels are parallel to each other.
In the scheme, the channel is arranged along a straight line in the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the first surface, so that the stroke from the channel to the opening is shortest, and the construction is convenient; meanwhile, after the foundation construction of the offshore wind turbine or the offshore wind turbine is completed, the stroke from wet dragging in the channel to a water area is short and is linear, so that wet dragging is convenient to carry out, and meanwhile, the upright column in the channel moves more conveniently in the linear channel than in a curved channel. The channels are parallel to each other, so that the upright columns in the channels can move smoothly in the channels in the process that the offshore wind turbines or the offshore wind turbine foundations are wet-dragged to a water area from the channels.
A method of manufacturing an offshore wind turbine foundation comprising columns and beams, wherein the construction caisson structure of any one of claims 1 to 4 is used in the manufacturing process of the offshore wind turbine foundation, the method comprising the steps of:
s10: closing the baffle plate, blocking water from entering the channel from the opening, and keeping the channel free of accumulated water;
s20: assembling the post within the channel;
s30: assembling the cross beam on the platform;
s40: connecting the upright posts and the cross beam on the platform;
the step S10 is performed before the step S20, the step S30, and the step S40.
In the scheme, the offshore wind turbine foundation is manufactured on the basis of a construction sinking groove structure. Firstly, the baffle is closed to prevent water from flowing into the channel from the opening, and the channel is kept free of accumulated water, so that the subsequent construction in the channel is facilitated; if water is accumulated in the channel, the water can be discharged by a water pump. The upright columns and the cross beams are large in size and weight, the upright columns are assembled in the channels, the cross beams are assembled on the platforms, and the upright columns and the cross beams are connected on the platforms, so that only parts or raw materials need to be transported by using hoisting equipment, the whole cross beam or upright column does not need to be hoisted, and the requirement on the hoisting equipment is low; the cross beam is assembled on the platform, and the cross beam and the upright post are connected, so that the operation is more convenient compared with the operation of assembling the cross beam on the upright post in a half space. If the stand column is of a reinforced concrete structure, the requirement for hoisting equipment for hoisting the template for pouring is low.
Preferably, the column is a reinforced concrete structure, a formwork is required to be used in the manufacturing process, the formwork comprises a slip form formwork, and the step S20 comprises the following steps:
s22: arranging upright column steel bars;
s23: placing an embedded part and binding the upright post steel bars;
s24: installing a slip form formwork at the lower part, and performing concrete slip form construction step by step until all pouring of the stand column is completed;
s25: and removing the die frame.
In the scheme, the upright post is of a reinforced concrete structure, and when the upright post is manufactured, the reinforcing steel bars are arranged and then bound. The step of placing the embedded part is flexibly arranged according to the size of the embedded part relative to the size of a gap after the steel bars are bound, and the arrangement of the embedded part can be carried out while the steel bars are bound; if the size of the embedded part is smaller, the embedded part can be arranged after the steel bars are bound; and if the size of the embedded part is larger, putting the embedded part in advance, and then binding the steel bars. The method for casting the upright posts by adopting the slip-form casting is a common method for casting a large concrete structure, and is convenient to construct.
Preferably, the column reinforcing steel bars include prestressed reinforcing steel bars provided with prestress, the formwork further includes a prestressed mold, and the step S20 further includes S21: installing a pre-stressed die; the step S21 is performed before the step S22, and the step S22 further includes: and fixing the prestressed reinforcement on the prestressed mold, and applying preloading on the prestressed reinforcement.
In this scheme, the stand reinforcing bar is including being provided with the prestressing steel of prestressing force, fixes prestressing steel on the prestressing force mould in advance to exert the preloading on prestressing steel, accomplish concrete placement and demolish prestressing force mould back, effort on the prestressing steel from exerting to transfer to and apply concrete structure on exerting on prestressing force mould, realize improving concrete structure performance's effect through setting up prestressing steel. If the vertical column reinforcing steel bars comprise the reinforcing steel bars with the tensile prestress, during construction, the prestressed reinforcing steel bars are stretched and fixed on the prestressed die, so that the prestressed reinforcing steel bars are in a stretching state, and after the prestressed die is disassembled, the prestressed reinforcing steel bars can apply compressive load on the concrete due to the requirement of stress balance, so that the fatigue resistance of the concrete is improved.
Preferably, the step S30 includes the steps of:
s31: positioning connection points of parts of the cross beam;
s32: connecting the parts of the beam according to the connection points.
In the scheme, the positioning of the connecting points of the beam parts comprises the positioning of connecting positions between the beam parts and/or the positioning of the beam parts relative to the positions of the stand columns. The connecting positions between the cross beam parts are positioned, the parts are connected according to the connecting points, and the accuracy of the connecting positions can be guaranteed. The positions of the beam parts relative to the stand columns are positioned, the parts are firstly transported to the positions near the connection points in the construction process, and then the beam is assembled, so that the transportation of the beam can be reduced.
Preferably, the step S20 and the step S30 are performed simultaneously, or the steps S20, S30, and S40 are performed alternately.
In this scheme, the construction of stand and the construction of crossbeam can go on simultaneously for the construction progress. The connection of the upright columns, the cross beams and the upright columns and the cross beams can be also performed in a crossed manner, so that the construction progress is accelerated. And the sequence of the steps S20, S30 and S40 is determined according to the specific structural form of the offshore wind turbine foundation.
Preferably, after the step S30 is completed, if the step S20 is not completed yet, the step S20 is continued and the step S40 is started at the same time; or, after the step S20 is completed, if the step S30 is not completed yet, continuing the step S30 and simultaneously starting to perform the step S40; or, the step S20 and the step S30 are not completed yet, and the step S40 is started at the same time.
In this scheme, stand and crossbeam are under construction simultaneously, and the connection construction of stand and crossbeam is carried out according to stand and crossbeam and connection structure to accomplish the construction for the construction progress. When the stand column and the cross beam are not interfered with the connecting structure, after the construction of the stand column or the cross beam is finished, the construction of connecting the stand column and the cross beam is started, and the construction progress is accelerated. When the interference exists between the upright post and the cross beam and the connecting structure of the upright post and the cross beam, the connection construction of the upright post and the cross beam is started synchronously without completing the construction of the upright post and the cross beam.
The manufacturing method of the offshore wind turbine comprises a foundation, a wind turbine body and an anchoring system, and is characterized in that the manufacturing steps of the offshore wind turbine are as follows in sequence:
s50: assembling the offshore wind turbine foundation according to the offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of any of claims 5 to 10;
s60: assembling the fan body on the offshore fan foundation to form an assembly;
s70: and wet dragging the assembly to the working sea area of the offshore wind turbine and fixing the assembly by using the anchoring system.
In the scheme, the manufacturing of the offshore wind turbine is that firstly, the manufacturing of the offshore wind turbine foundation is carried out according to the method, then, the wind turbine body is assembled on the offshore wind turbine foundation and is wet-towed to the sea area for fixing. And (5) wet towing the assembly into the sea area for fixing, and towing the wet towing by using a ship.
Preferably, the step S60 is performed on the construction caisson structure, and the wind turbine body is assembled to the offshore wind turbine foundation on the platform; the step S70 is sequentially as follows: firstly, opening a baffle plate to allow water to enter the channel from the opening, floating the assembly in the water, then wet-dragging the assembly to the working sea area of the offshore wind turbine, and finally fixing the assembly by the anchoring system.
In this scheme, assemble the offshore wind turbine body and form the assembly on the basis of the offshore wind turbine on the platform, only need once wet in the manufacturing process of offshore wind turbine drag, be about to the assembly directly drag the work sea area from the heavy groove structure of construction, the transportation is convenient.
Preferably, the step S60 includes the following steps in sequence:
s61: opening a baffle plate to allow water to enter the channel from the opening;
s62: wet dragging the offshore wind turbine foundation to a water area outside the construction caisson structure;
s63: and installing the fan body on the offshore fan foundation.
In the scheme, after the baffle is opened to introduce water into the channel from the opening, the offshore wind turbine foundation floats, and then the offshore wind turbine foundation is pulled out from the construction sink structure; the offshore wind turbine foundation is in a floating state, and then the wind turbine body is installed on the offshore wind turbine foundation. The fan body is installed outside the construction sinking groove structure, large-scale hoisting equipment does not need to be arranged on the construction sinking groove structure, the offshore fan foundation is wet dragged to a place with the large-scale hoisting equipment, and installation of the fan body on the offshore fan foundation is completed in an auxiliary mode. Wherein the offshore wind turbine foundation is towed out of the construction caisson structure and can be wet towed by using a ship.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
the special construction sink structure manufactured by the offshore wind turbine and the offshore wind turbine foundation is arranged, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the manufacturing and transportation cost of the offshore wind turbine foundation or the offshore wind turbine foundation is reduced. The method comprises the steps that a channel and a platform are arranged on a construction sinking groove structure, stand columns are assembled in the channel, cross beams are assembled on the platform, and the stand columns and the cross beams are connected on the platform, so that large-scale hoisting equipment is not needed in the manufacturing process of the offshore wind turbine foundation, the manufacturing construction difficulty of the offshore wind turbine foundation is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved; meanwhile, the construction on the channel and the platform can be carried out simultaneously, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is saved. Through set up the baffle on the passageway, when carrying out construction in the passageway and/or on the platform, close the baffle, separation water access channel opens the baffle after accomplishing the structure and being under construction sink structure's construction, lets water access channel, and the wet haul of structure is walked, is convenient for the construction and the transportation of structure. After the offshore wind turbine foundation is assembled, the wind turbine body can be assembled on the offshore wind turbine foundation on the platform, construction is convenient, and meanwhile, the assembled assembly only needs to be transported to the sea area through one-time wet towing and is fixed, so that transportation cost is low; the offshore wind turbine foundation can be pulled out, the wind turbine body is assembled on the offshore wind turbine foundation outside the construction caisson structure, and large-scale hoisting equipment does not need to be arranged on the construction caisson structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first state of a construction caisson structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a second state of the construction caisson structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sinking tank and a foundation when the offshore wind turbine foundation is manufactured on the sinking tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of an assembly formed by a blower body and a foundation according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first view angle of an offshore wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view of the point i in fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a partial structural diagram of a second view angle of the offshore wind turbine foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a third perspective of a post according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a reinforcing structure of a column body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a reinforcement structure of a heave plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a prestressed reinforcement mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view illustrating connection between a reinforcing bar of a column and a pre-stressed mold according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals:
a sink tank 10 (a construction sink tank structure),
a first channel 16, a second channel 17, a third channel 18, a cover plate 19
A foundation 20 (an offshore wind turbine foundation),
the height of the upright 30 is such that,
a cross beam 40, a connection point 41, a first connection 42, a second connection 43,
a wind turbine 50 (offshore wind turbine), a wind turbine body 51, an anchoring system 52, an assembly 53, a tower 54, a wind wheel 55
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The foundation 20 is an offshore wind turbine foundation; the fan 50 is an offshore fan; the sink tank 10 is a construction sink tank structure; constructing and assembling a foundation or a fan, namely manufacturing; there are only differences expressed, with no substantial differences.
Fig. 1 to 12 are schematic structural diagrams of the caisson 10, the offshore wind turbine 50, and the foundation 20, and the offshore wind turbine 50 and the foundation 20 according to the present embodiment. Fig. 1-2 are schematic structural views of a caisson 10, fig. 4-10 are schematic structural views of a wind turbine structure and a foundation 20 thereof, and fig. 3 and fig. 11-12 are schematic structural views of a device used during construction of a wind turbine 50 or the foundation 20 and during construction.
As shown in fig. 1-2, one side of the sink 10 is a first side 11, the top of the sink 10 has a platform 15, three channels 13 are disposed on the sink 10, the channels 13 extend to the first side 11, three openings 12 are formed on the first side 11, and three baffles 14 are disposed at the three openings 12, so that one baffle 14 matches with one channel 13.
The sink 10 is arranged at the sea or in a region communicating with the sea surface, with its first side 11 facing the sea, by opening the flap 14, seawater can flow into the channel 13 through the opening 12, and by closing the flap 14, the flap 14 can block seawater from entering the channel 13. How to open or close the baffle 14 can be realized by adopting a driver and other structures in the prior art, and can also be realized by a manual opening mode. In other embodiments, the sink 10 may be disposed on a river or the like to facilitate water transportation.
As shown in fig. 3, after the opening 12 is closed by the baffle 14, water in the opening 12 is discharged to manufacture the foundation 20 using the sink 10, the column 30 is assembled in the passage 13, the beam 40 is assembled on the platform 15, and the column 30 and the beam 40 are connected on the platform 15.
After complete assembly, the baffles 14 are opened, allowing seawater to flow into the caisson 10 by setting the bottom of the channel 13 below sea level, thereby floating the foundation 20 and allowing wet towing to the exterior of the construction caisson structure.
In this embodiment, the sink 10 is provided with three channels 13, the three channels 13 are a first channel 16, a second channel 17 and a third channel 18 in sequence, and the second channel 17 is shorter than the first channel 16 and the third channel 18. The channel 13 extends in a straight line in the horizontal direction, and the channel 13 is arranged perpendicular to the first face 11; the channels 13 are parallel to each other.
The sink 10 is provided with three channels 13 to be suitable for the construction of the offshore wind turbine 50 or the foundation 20 of the three columns 30; or for construction of a four-upright 30 offshore wind turbine 50 or foundation 20 having three circumferential uprights 30 and one central upright 30.
The second passage 17 is shorter than the first passage 16 and the third passage 18 so as to form a larger communication area in the middle of the platform 15 of the sink 10, thereby facilitating construction. Meanwhile, the second channel 17 is short, so that the installation of a mold at the position of the second channel 17 is less when the sink 10 is manufactured, and the construction is convenient.
The channel 13 is linearly arranged in the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the first surface 11, so that the stroke from the channel 13 to the opening 12 is shortest, and the construction is convenient; meanwhile, after the construction of the offshore wind turbine 50 or the foundation 20 is completed, the stroke of wet towing from the channel 13 to the water area is short, the channel 13 is arranged to extend along a straight line, so that the wet towing of the foundation or the assembly is convenient, and the upright column 30 in the channel 13 can move more conveniently in the straight channel 13 than in the curved channel 13. The channels 13 are parallel to each other to facilitate smooth movement of the columns 30 in the channels 13 during wet towing of the offshore wind turbine 50 or the foundation 20 from the channels 13 to the body of water.
In other embodiments, the number of the passages 13, the size of each passage 13, the relative position relationship between the passages 13, and the relative position relationship between the passages 13 and other parts of the sink 10 may be different from those in the present embodiment, and the passages 13 may be arranged as long as the requirement of the construction of the upright 30 in the passages 13 is satisfied. The number of the channels 13 can be adjusted according to the structural form of the foundation 20, and two, four and other channels 13 can be arranged on the sink 10; the length and other dimensions of each channel 13 may be the same or different; the channel 13 can be nonlinear, and can be curved or broken line type; the channels 13 may be parallel or non-parallel, for example, a part of the channels 13 may be flared, and another part of the channels 13 may be linear, etc.
Three baffles 14 are each positioned adjacent to the opening 12, the baffles 14 being perpendicular to the horizontal when closed. The first surface 11 of the sink tank 10 is close to water, the baffle 14 is vertical to the horizontal plane when closed, and the water pressure borne by the baffle 14 is the minimum. Three baffle 14 all are close to opening 12 setting, and the unified control that baffle 14 opened or closed of being convenient for, simultaneously, baffle 14 is located the edge of platform 15, and is little to the construction operation influence such as carrying out the equipment of crossbeam 40 on platform 15.
In other embodiments, the baffle 14 may be disposed at other positions, the relative position relationship between the baffle 14 and the channel 13, the horizontal plane, and the like may also be different from the present embodiment, and the baffle 14 may be disposed as long as it can prevent water from entering the channel 13 from the opening 12 and introduce water into the channel 13 from the opening 12. In other embodiments, the baffle 14 may be disposed near the end of the channel 13, i.e. the side away from the opening 12, and the portion of the channel 13 inside the baffle 14 contains a smaller amount of water, so that when the water in the channel 13 needs to be drained, the amount of water to be drained is smaller and the drainage is faster. The water in the channel 13 can be pumped out with a pump.
As shown in fig. 2, the sink 10 is provided with a cover plate 19. The cover plate 19 has two states, one is an unfolded state, i.e., covers the top of the channel 13; the other is a stowed condition, i.e. does not interfere with the movement of the post 30 within the channel 13. As shown in fig. 2, when the foundation 20 or the fan 50 is constructed, the cover plate 19 is unfolded to facilitate the construction on the platform 15 by personnel; when the foundation 20 or the assembly 53 needs to be transported after the construction is completed, the cover plate 19 is stored to ensure that the column 30 can move in the channel 13 and out of the sink 10, as shown in fig. 1. The cover plate 19 is directly laid on the top of the channel 13 by using a common steel plate and is moved when not needed. In other embodiments, the cover plate 19 may be configured to be fixed on the platform 15 in a rotatable manner on one side, and may be configured like a door; the cover plate 19 may have other configurations as long as the storage state and the expansion state are achieved. In other embodiments, the sink 10 may not have the cover plate 19, and the sink 10 may also meet the requirements of the fan 50 or the foundation 20.
Fig. 4-10 are schematic structural views of a wind turbine 50 and its foundation 20. In the present embodiment, the fan 50 and the foundation 20 shown in fig. 4 to 10 are used to describe a method for manufacturing the foundation 20 or the fan 50 by using the caisson 10. In other embodiments, the sink 10 can be used for manufacturing the fan 50 or the foundation 20 in other structural forms.
As shown in fig. 6, the offshore wind turbine 50 includes a wind turbine body 51, an anchor system 52, and a foundation 20. Wherein the wind turbine body 51 comprises a tower 51 and a wind wheel 55, and is arranged above one of the upright posts 30 of the foundation 20, and one end of the anchoring system 52 is fixed on the upper part of the upright post 30.
As shown in fig. 6, the foundation 20 includes three columns 30 and 3 sets of beams 40, and the columns 30 and the beams 40 are connected to form the triangular platform 15 shown in fig. 6. The columns 30 are of a reinforced concrete structure and the beams 40 are of a steel truss structure. As shown in fig. 7, the base 20 further includes an outer connecting cylinder 36 and an inner connecting plate 37 disposed on the upper portion of the column 30, the outer connecting cylinder 36 is located outside the column 30, the inner connecting plate 37 is disposed in the upper cavity 33 of the column 30, and the outer connecting cylinder 36 and the inner connecting plate 37 are clamped on the column 30 and connected by bolts 38. As shown in fig. 8, the pillar 30 includes a pillar body 34 and a heave plate 35, the heave plate 35 penetrates the pillar body 34 and forms a plurality of cavities 32 with the pillar body 34, wherein the uppermost cavity 32 is an upper cavity 33. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the column steel bars 60 in the column include prestressed steel bars and ordinary steel bars 63, wherein the prestressed steel bars are provided with tensile prestress, and the prestressed steel bars include longitudinal main steel bars 61 arranged in the column body 34 and radial steel bars 62 arranged in the heave plate 35.
Wherein, utilize heavy groove 10 to carry out basis 20 manufacturing, including the following step:
s10: closing the shutter 14, blocking the water from entering the channel 13 from the opening 12, and keeping the channel 13 free of accumulated water;
s20: assembling the post 30 within the channel 13;
s30: assembling the cross beam 40 on the platform 15;
s40: connecting the upright 30 and the cross beam 40 on the platform 15;
the step S10 is performed before S20, S30, and S40. Closing the baffle 14 to prevent water from flowing into the channel 13 from the opening 12 and to keep the channel 13 free of accumulated water for subsequent construction in the channel 13; if there is water in the channel 13, the water can be pumped out. The steps S20, S30, and S40 may be performed sequentially or alternately.
Wherein the step S20 comprises the following steps:
s21: installing a pre-stressing die 64;
s22: arranging upright column reinforcing steel bars 60; the method comprises the steps of fixing prestressed reinforcements, namely a longitudinal main reinforcement 61 and a radial reinforcement 62 on a prestressed die 64, and applying preloading on the longitudinal main reinforcement 61 and the radial reinforcement 62;
s23: placing embedded parts and binding upright column reinforcing steel bars 60;
s24: installing a slip form frame at the lower part, performing concrete slip form construction, and gradually performing the concrete slip form construction until all pouring of the upright post 30 is completed (wherein the slip form construction is a conventional means of reinforced concrete pouring, and the slip form frame is not shown in the attached drawings);
s25: removing the slip form frame;
when the upright 30 is constructed, the steel bars are arranged and then bound. In this embodiment, the bolts 38, the inner connecting plates 37, and the like are embedded parts, and the step of placing the embedded parts is flexibly arranged according to the size of the embedded parts relative to the size of gaps formed after the steel bars are bound; the bolts 38 are small in size and are arranged after the steel bars are bound; the inner connecting plate 37 is large in size, and is first put in and then tied with reinforcing steel bars.
The prestressing die 64 is shown in fig. 11. As shown in fig. 12, the longitudinal main bars 61 and the radial bars 62 are fixed to a prestressing mold 64, and preload is applied to the longitudinal main bars 61 and the radial bars 62. The longitudinal main reinforcements 61 and the radial reinforcements 62 are tensioned and fixed on the prestressed mold 64, so that the longitudinal main reinforcements 61 and the radial reinforcements 62 are in a tension state, and after the concrete pouring is completed and the prestressed mold 64 is removed, the longitudinal main reinforcements 61 and the radial reinforcements 62 can apply compressive load on the concrete due to the requirement of stress balance, so that the fatigue resistance of the concrete is improved.
In other embodiments, the specific operation of step S20 may also be in other forms, specifically, according to the structural form of the pillar 30. In other embodiments, no prestressed reinforcement (in this embodiment, the longitudinal main reinforcement 61 and the radial reinforcement 62) is provided in the column 30, and in the step S20, the prestressed mold 64 in the step S21 is not required to be installed, and the prestressed reinforcement (the longitudinal main reinforcement 61 and the radial reinforcement 62) is not required to be fixed on the prestressed mold 64 in the step S22, and preload is applied on the prestressed reinforcement (the longitudinal main reinforcement 61 and the radial reinforcement 62).
The step S30 includes the steps of:
s31: positioning the connection points 41 of the parts of the cross beam 40;
s32: the parts of the beam 40 are connected according to the connection points 41.
The connection position between the cross beam 40 parts is a first connection position 42, the connection position between the cross beam 40 parts and the upright post 30 is a second connection position 43, and the positioning of the connection point 41 of the cross beam 40 parts comprises the positioning of the first connection position 42 and the second connection position 43. The first connecting position 42 is positioned, and the parts are connected according to the connecting point 41, so that the accuracy of the connecting position can be ensured. The second connecting part 43 is positioned, parts are firstly transported to the position near the connecting point 41 in the construction process, and then the cross beam 40 is assembled, so that the transportation of the cross beam 40 can be reduced. Wherein, the step S31 and the step S32 can be carried out in sequence or alternatively.
The manufacturing of the fan 50 sequentially comprises the following steps:
s50: assembling the foundation 20 by using the sink 10;
s60: assembling the blower body 51 to the foundation 20, and forming an assembly body 53;
s70: the assembly 53 is wet towed to the operating sea of the wind turbine 50 and secured with the anchoring system 52.
Wherein, the step S60 comprises the following steps in sequence:
s61: opening the flap 14 to allow water to enter the channel 13 from the opening 12, allowing the foundation 20 to float in the water;
s62: dragging the foundation 20 out of the sink 10 by a ship from outside;
s63: the foundation 20 is in a floating state, and the fan body 51 is mounted on the foundation 20.
The fan body 51 is installed outside the sinking groove 10, large-scale hoisting equipment does not need to be arranged on the sinking groove 10, and the foundation 20 is dragged to a place with the large-scale hoisting equipment in a wet mode so as to assist in completing installation of the fan body 51 on the foundation 20. In other embodiments, the step S60 may be different from this embodiment, and the specific operation method is only required to assemble the blower body 51 to the foundation 20 and form the assembly 53.
In other embodiments, the step S60 may be different from this embodiment. In other examples, the blower body 51 may be mounted on the foundation 20 on the platform 15 of the sink 10; s60, the step is carried out on the sink 10, and the fan body 51 is assembled on the foundation 20 on the platform 15; the step S70 sequentially comprises the following steps: the flap 14 is first opened to allow water to enter the channel 13 from the opening 12, allowing the assembly 53 to float in the water, then the assembly 53 is wet towed to the working sea of the fan 50 and finally secured with the anchoring system 52. The fan body 51 is assembled on the foundation 20 on the platform 15 to form the assembly body 53, and the assembly body 53 is directly dragged to a working sea area from the sink 10 only by one wet dragging in the manufacturing process of the fan 50, so that the transportation is convenient.
The foundation 20 and the fan 50 are manufactured by using the sinking tank 10, and the basic procedures of the steps S10-S70 are as follows: the method comprises the steps of closing a baffle 14 of a sunken groove 10, welding a beam 40 on site of a platform 15 → arranging a steel pipe prestressed system 39 → performing anticorrosive treatment on the beam 40 → installing a prestressed mold 64 → installing upright post reinforcing steel bars 60, comprising a tensioned longitudinal main reinforcing steel bar 61, a radial reinforcing steel bar 62 → binding reinforcing steel bars and embedded parts → a slipform cast-in-place upright post 30 → connecting the beam 40 and the upright post 30, and installing an inner connecting plate 37 and bolts 38 → the baffle 14 of the sunken groove 10 to open water → wet dragging of a foundation 20 along the sunken groove 10 → installing a tower 51 on the sea side → tensioned anchor bolts → installing a wind wheel 55 → anchoring the machine position point of the wet dragging to a working sea area.
The specific operations of steps S10-S70 are as follows:
firstly, closing a baffle 14 of the sink 10, blocking a channel 13, and pumping water in the channel 13 by using a water pump (S10); and the cover plate 19 is unfolded to cover the top of the channel 13;
then, the cross member 40 is assembled (S30); preparing the parts of the beam 40 and the outer connecting cylinder 36 on the platform 15, and performing truss welding assembly positioning by using a tool and a wire releasing, namely positioning the connecting point 41 (S31); after the spot welding confirmation of each part group is completed, the welding construction of the cross beam 40 is started (S32), and the welding construction of the cross beam 40 and the outer connecting cylinder 36 is started (S40); after the welding is completed, the tool is moved by the roller to adjust the position of the beam 40 so that the first connection point 42 is accurate (S31) because the column 30 is kept still; after the position of the cross beam 40 is adjusted, the installation of the prestress system in the steel pipe is started (S32); after the beam 40 is welded, painting anticorrosive paint;
after the assembling of the cross beam 40 is completed, the construction of the column 30 is started; when the upright column 30 is constructed, a pre-stressed die 64 is firstly installed (S21), the longitudinal main reinforcements 61 and the radial reinforcements 62 are tensioned, and other upright column reinforcements 60 are bound (S22); wherein the inner connection plate 37 is put into the prestressing die 64 in advance (S31); after arranging the column reinforcing steel bars 60, arranging small-sized embedded parts such as bolts 38 and the like (S23); after the inspection is correct, a slip form formwork is arranged at the lower part of the upright post 30, the slip form construction of concrete cast-in-place is started, and the construction is gradually carried out until the pouring of the whole upright post 30 (22) is completed (S24); wherein the outer connecting cylinder 36 is used as a part of the formwork when the upper structure of the upright 30 is poured; after the pouring of the upright column 30 is completed, the mold is removed (S25);
after the pouring of the upright 30 is completed, continuously assembling the upright 30 and the cross beam 40 (S40); after the form is removed and the strength of the concrete meets the requirement, an inner connecting plate 37 is installed, and the connection of a bolt 38 is completed;
after the foundation 20 is assembled (S50), the fan body 51 is installed on the foundation 20 to form an assembly body 53 (S60), and the assembly body 53 is wet-towed to the working sea area of the fan 50 and is fixed by the anchoring system 52 (S70); the specific operation positions are that after the foundation 20 is assembled, the baffle plate 14 is opened, water enters the channel 13 from the opening 12, the foundation 20 floats in the water, the cover plate 19 is accommodated, the foundation 20 is pulled and wet towed to the sea side from the channel 13 by a ship, the tower 51 is installed on one upright post 30 and is fixed by an anchor bolt, the wind wheel 55 is installed again to form an assembly body 53, finally the assembly body 53 is pulled and wet towed to a machine site of the working sea area of the fan 50 by the ship and is fixed by the anchoring system 52, and a counterweight is placed in the upper cavity 33 of the upright post 30 to adjust the balance of the fan 50, including adjusting the balance in the horizontal direction and the waterline in the vertical direction.
The upright column 30 and the truss are not integrally hoisted, and only hoisting operations such as small parts, templates and the like are performed. The lengths of the longitudinal main reinforcements 61 and the radial reinforcements 62 are longer than that of the pre-stressed die 64, so that the reinforcing reinforcements can be fixed on the pre-stressed die 64 and the pre-stress can be applied conveniently, and after pouring is finished, redundant reinforcing reinforcements are cut off.
In other embodiments, the balance of the wind turbine 50 in the sea area may be adjusted in other ways.
In other embodiments, the assembling of the columns 30 and the beams 40 can be performed simultaneously, so as to improve the construction efficiency. In other embodiments, the assembly of the column 30 and the beam 40 is started at the same time, and after the column 30 is assembled, the beam 40 is not assembled yet, the beam 40 is continuously assembled, and the connection of the column 30 and the beam 40 is started at the same time; or after the cross beam 40 is assembled, the upright 30 is not assembled, the upright 30 is continuously assembled, and the connection between the upright 30 and the cross beam 40 is started at the same time; or the column 30 and the beam 40 are not assembled, the column 30 and the beam 40 are continuously assembled, and the connection between the column 30 and the beam 40 is started at the same time. In other embodiments, the columns 30, the beams 40, the connection of the columns 30 and the beams 40 may be performed sequentially or may be performed crosswise.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes or modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of this invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (12)
1. The manufacturing method of the offshore wind turbine foundation comprises a stand column and a cross beam and is characterized in that a construction sinking groove structure is used in the manufacturing process of the offshore wind turbine foundation, the construction sinking groove structure is provided with a first face located on the side face, a plurality of channels are formed in the construction sinking groove structure, the channels extend to the first face, an opening is formed in the first face, the top of the construction sinking groove structure is provided with a platform, the tops of the channels are communicated with the platform, the construction sinking groove structure further comprises a plurality of baffle plates corresponding to the channels, the baffle plates are movably arranged on the channels and control the communication or blocking of the channels and the opening, and the manufacturing method of the offshore wind turbine foundation comprises the following steps:
s10: closing the baffle plate, blocking water from entering the channel from the opening, and keeping the channel free of accumulated water;
s20: assembling the post within the channel;
s30: assembling the cross beam on the platform;
s40: connecting the upright posts and the cross beam on the platform;
the step S10 is performed before the step S20, the step S30, and the step S40.
2. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the number of channels is three.
3. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of claim 2, wherein the three channels are a first channel, a second channel and a third channel in sequence, and the length of the second channel is shorter than the length of the first channel and the length of the third channel.
4. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the channel extends in a straight line in a horizontal direction, and the channel is disposed perpendicular to the first face; the channels are parallel to each other.
5. The method for manufacturing the offshore wind turbine foundation according to claim 1, wherein the columns are of a reinforced concrete structure, a formwork is required to be used in the manufacturing process, the formwork comprises a slip form formwork, and the step S20 comprises the following steps:
s22: arranging upright column steel bars;
s23: placing an embedded part and binding the upright post steel bars;
s24: installing a slip form formwork at the lower part, and performing concrete slip form construction step by step until all pouring of the stand column is completed;
s25: and removing the die frame.
6. The method for manufacturing the offshore wind turbine foundation of claim 5, wherein the column steel bars comprise prestressed steel bars provided with prestress, the formwork further comprises a prestressed mold, and the step S20 further comprises the step S21: installing a pre-stressed die;
the step S21 is performed before the step S22, and the step S22 further includes: and fixing the prestressed reinforcement on the prestressed mold, and applying preloading on the prestressed reinforcement.
7. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the S30 step comprises the steps of:
s31: positioning connection points of parts of the cross beam;
s32: connecting the parts of the beam according to the connection points.
8. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of any of claims 5-6, wherein the step S20 and the step S30 are performed simultaneously, or the steps S20, S30, S40 are performed alternately.
9. The offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of claim 8,
after the step S30 is completed, if the step S20 is not completed yet, continuing the step S20 and simultaneously starting to perform the step S40;
or, after the step S20 is completed, if the step S30 is not completed yet, continuing the step S30 and simultaneously starting to perform the step S40;
or, the step S20 and the step S30 are not completed yet, and the step S40 is started at the same time.
10. The manufacturing method of the offshore wind turbine comprises a foundation, a wind turbine body and an anchoring system, and is characterized in that the manufacturing steps of the offshore wind turbine are as follows in sequence:
s50: assembling the offshore wind turbine foundation according to the offshore wind turbine foundation manufacturing method of any of claims 1 to 9;
s60: assembling the fan body on the offshore fan foundation to form an assembly;
s70: and wet dragging the assembly to the working sea area of the offshore wind turbine and fixing the assembly by the anchoring system.
11. The offshore wind turbine manufacturing method of claim 10,
the step S60 is performed on the construction caisson structure, and the wind turbine body is assembled to the offshore wind turbine foundation on the platform;
the step S70 is sequentially as follows: firstly, opening a baffle plate to allow water to enter the channel from the opening, floating the assembly in the water, then wet-dragging the assembly to the working sea area of the offshore wind turbine, and finally fixing the assembly by the anchoring system.
12. The offshore wind turbine manufacturing method of claim 10, wherein the S60 step comprises the following steps in sequence:
s61: opening a baffle plate to allow water to enter the channel from the opening;
s62: wet dragging the offshore wind turbine foundation to a water area outside the construction caisson structure;
s63: and installing the fan body on the offshore fan foundation.
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| GB1314740A (en) * | 1969-12-27 | 1973-04-26 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Shipping dock |
| CN106061834A (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2016-10-26 | 缅因大学系统委员会 | Method of mooring floating wind turbine platforms |
| CN106965906A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of marine three basic formula wind-powered electricity generation whole machine installation ships and its single step construction method |
| CN107683371A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2018-02-09 | 缅因大学系统委员会 | Construction, assembling floating wind turbine platform and the method for making its lower water |
| WO2021008748A1 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-21 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S | Method for assembling an offshore wind turbine, tower foundation for an offshore wind turbine and offshore wind turbine |
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2021
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1314740A (en) * | 1969-12-27 | 1973-04-26 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Shipping dock |
| CN106061834A (en) * | 2014-02-06 | 2016-10-26 | 缅因大学系统委员会 | Method of mooring floating wind turbine platforms |
| CN107683371A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2018-02-09 | 缅因大学系统委员会 | Construction, assembling floating wind turbine platform and the method for making its lower water |
| CN106965906A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of marine three basic formula wind-powered electricity generation whole machine installation ships and its single step construction method |
| WO2021008748A1 (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-21 | Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S | Method for assembling an offshore wind turbine, tower foundation for an offshore wind turbine and offshore wind turbine |
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