CN113772071A - Large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and disassembling method thereof - Google Patents
Large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and disassembling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113772071A CN113772071A CN202110935012.3A CN202110935012A CN113772071A CN 113772071 A CN113772071 A CN 113772071A CN 202110935012 A CN202110935012 A CN 202110935012A CN 113772071 A CN113772071 A CN 113772071A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
- B63H25/38—Rudders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
- B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B85/00—Dismantling or scrapping vessels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and a disassembling method thereof, and relates to the technical field of ship repair. According to the large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and the disassembling method thereof, docking is not needed, the large ship rudder stock can be disassembled in a floating state, the docking cost is greatly saved, the loss of manpower and material resources is reduced, the construction efficiency can be obviously improved, and the maintenance period is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship repair, in particular to a large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and a disassembling method thereof.
Background
The large ship rudder stock is required to be disassembled for complete inspection and maintenance according to a conventional repairing method, so that although the construction safety can be ensured, the dock period of a shipyard needs to be preset every time the ship enters or leaves the dock, a large amount of time and manpower are consumed in the procedures of pier arrangement, manual scheduling, tug wheel matching, scaffold erection and the like, the cost is not very high, the dock period time is long, and great impact is inevitably brought to the original busy production, therefore, the method is necessary to master how to disassemble the large ship rudder stock in a floating state.
Dock internal fixation rudder blade mainly relies on large-scale calabash and large-scale lug, but should not adopt this method on sea, first large-scale calabash exposes on the sea for a long time, and easy corrosion damages increases cost of maintenance, and second is strikeed and is strikeed the patting by the tide, the rudder blade takes place the swing easily, the skew, with the difficult fixed rudder blade of calabash chain, in the method of dismantling the rudderstock in current dock, mainly with heating the rudderstock hub, above pull with the jackscrew and push away with 4 groups of oil tops below the rudderstock jointly the method, exist following not enoughly:
1. the upper end face of the tiller is welded with a plurality of groups of tool nuts, the stressed section of a welding seam is small, the safety coefficient is low, the welding seam is not firm enough, the tool is easy to break and loosen when the stress is uneven or the stress is overlarge, and the tool is dismounted by jacking to cause the risk of safety accidents;
2. the lower end face of the tiller is pushed by 4 groups of oil tops, the number of the oil tops is large, and the risk that the steering engine base deforms easily due to uneven stress and overlarge pushing force exists;
3. the defects of long heating time, high labor intensity, poor construction environment and the like exist in the integral heating of the tiller hub.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large ship rudder stock assembly dismounting tool and a dismounting method thereof, aiming at breaking the defect that a large ship rudder stock needs to be docked for dismounting in the conventional method, saving the cost of a docking period and a repairing period, and shortening the repairing time so as to solve the problems provided in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a large ship rudder stock assembly dismounting tool comprises a steering gear room, a ship stern, an upper rudder bearing, a rudder stock, a lower rudder bearing, a solid rudder and rudder blades, wherein the ship stern is arranged at the tail part of the steering gear room;
the upper rudder carrier comprises a grinding disc, a rudder handle, a plunger rod pin, an upper nut, a plunger head and a hanging ring, the rudder handle is positioned above the grinding disc, the plunger rod pin is arranged on the rudder handle, the upper nut is positioned on the rudder handle, the plunger head is positioned in the upper nut, and the hanging ring is arranged on the rudder handle;
the lower rudder bearing comprises a shaft sleeve and a lower nut, and the lower nut locks the position of the shaft sleeve on the rudder stock.
The hydraulic lifting device further comprises a lifting cylinder, a temporary fixed code plate, a first hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic pump, a bearing rotary table, a round base plate, a half cushion block and a self-made solid hydraulic jack.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the jacking cylinder comprises a steel plate, a top reinforcing rib plate, a lifting lug, a rolling plate and a side reinforcing rib plate, the top reinforcing rib plate is welded at the top of the steel plate, the lifting lug is welded on the steel plate, the rolling plate is welded at the bottom of the steel plate, and the side reinforcing rib plate is welded at the joint of the rolling plate and the steel plate.
According to the technical scheme, the top reinforcing rib plate is of a shear type structure, the side reinforcing rib plates are uniformly distributed, and observation holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the rolling plate.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the lower half section of the temporary fixing code plate is symmetrically and diagonally welded on the rudder blade, and a gap of 2-3mm is reserved between the upper half section of the temporary fixing code plate and the solid rudder.
Further optimize this technical scheme, the bearing carousel includes gallows, bottom plate, steel ball and revolving stage, the bottom plate is placed on the gallows, the revolving stage passes through the fixed pin to be installed on the bottom plate, the steel ball sets up between revolving stage and bottom plate.
Further optimize this technical scheme, the both ends of gallows are equipped with the hanging hole, and install the sling chain through the hanging hole, all be equipped with the ball groove on bottom plate and the revolving stage, the steel ball is arranged in the ball groove.
Further optimize this technical scheme, all connect hydraulic pressure oil pipe on self-control solid hydraulic ram and the upper nut to wear out external hydraulic pump from the observation hole of jacking section of thick bamboo.
A method for disassembling a rudder stock assembly of a large ship comprises the following steps:
s1, a hoisting process hole is formed in the stern deck right above the rudder stock, and draft of the ship is adjusted, so that the bottom edge of the pre-cut maintenance process hole is at least 500mm higher than the water surface;
s2, putting up an inverted hanging frame from a stern to the left side and the right side of a rudder blade, symmetrically and diagonally welding the lower half section of the prefabricated temporary fixing code plate on the rudder blade, and leaving a 2-3mm gap between the upper half section and the fixed rudder for the moment without welding;
s3, cutting off the removal maintenance process hole, loosening the lower nut of the rudder bearing by about 35mm, and then paving a half-type rubber ring gasket on the upper end face of the lower nut;
s4, loosening the rudder blade by using a first hydraulic pump to loosen the rudder blade from a cone at the lower part of the rudder stock and sink, then pumping oil into a lower nut by using a second hydraulic pump to jack up the rudder blade by 7-8mm and maintaining the pressure;
s5, welding the upper half sections of the temporary fixing code plates according to the symmetrical diagonal sequence, and integrally fixing the rudder blade and the solid rudder together;
s6, removing the oil pump pressure of the lower nut, so that the weight of the rudder blade is completely transferred to the temporary fixed code plate and the solid rudder, at the moment, a clearance exists between the lower nut and the rudder blade, and continuously detaching the lower nut until the lower nut is left for 50-60mm and is not completely screwed out;
s7, matching two sides of a rudder blade by using 4 chain blocks, enabling a bearing turntable to pass through a maintenance process hole to be placed under the rudder stock, enabling the upper end face of the bearing turntable to be attached to the lower end face of a lower nut, then continuously loosening the lower nut to enable the bearing turntable to be located on the bearing turntable, enabling the bearing turntable to rotate along with the rotation of the lower nut, adjusting the tightness of a hanging chain on a hanging hole to enable the bearing turntable to stably move downwards along with the lower nut, and when the nut is completely loosened, transferring the whole weight to a hanging bracket;
s8, removing the plunger rod pin, turning 180 degrees after removing the upper nut, installing the upper nut, reserving the pump looseness allowance of the tiller about 27mm, enabling the plunger head of the upper nut to face upwards, then installing a lifting ring, lifting 70% of the weight of the tiller and the tiller by using a wharf crane, and then rotating the tiller together with the tiller rightwards by 90 degrees by using 2 hand chain blocks of 5 tons in a matching manner so as to get rid of the obstruction of the plunger rod;
s9, cutting off the disassembling tool after the tiller is completely loosened, disassembling the upper nut, lifting the tiller away and moving away, and disassembling the grinding disc base according to the requirements of ship specifications;
s10, slowly lifting the rudder stock by a crane for a little and then stabilizing, marking, then loosening the grinding disc thrust disc by the hydraulic pump to completely separate the cone between the grinding disc thrust disc and the rudder stock, slowly commanding the crane to lower the rudder stock, temporarily inserting the rudder stock into the cone hole of the rudder plate until the weight of the rudder stock is completely supported by the cone hole of the rudder stock, and unloading the wharf crane;
s11, hanging out the grinding disc thrust disc and integrally hanging out the grinding disc;
s12, slowly lifting the rudder stock by using the wharf crane again a little, simultaneously jacking and loosening the rudder stock in a nut cavity at the lower end of the rudder stock by using a 100-ton hydraulic jack in a matching manner, after the rudder stock is completely separated from a cone hole of the rudder plate, lifting the rudder stock out of a hoisting process hole of a stern deck, and fixing the remaining rudder blade on the idle rudder.
Further optimize this technical scheme, in S8, dismantle with the cooperation of the hydraulic ram certainly of last nut, demolish rings, hoist the haugh cushion earlier and put to the nut, later with the handling of jacking section of thick bamboo on target, and connect hydraulic pressure oil pipe in last nut side, and the observation hole of following jacking section of thick bamboo side is around going out, external hydraulic pump again, according to welding process with jacking section of thick bamboo lower part welding on the terminal surface of tiller, and weld the reinforcing of gusset plate, treat that the seam cools off completely, do the magnetic particle inspection, ensure no crack defect, at last slowly the hydraulic ram pine tiller.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, in S8, the self-made solid hydraulic ram is matched with and detached from the lifting ring, a round steel plate is padded at the upper end of the rudder stock, the self-made solid hydraulic ram is hoisted to the round steel plate, the half cushion block is hoisted to the upper nut, the jacking cylinder is hoisted in place, hydraulic oil pipes are connected to the side faces of the upper nut and the self-made solid hydraulic ram respectively and are wound out from observation holes in the side faces of the jacking cylinder respectively, the hydraulic oil pipes are externally connected with 2 hydraulic pumps, the lower portion of the jacking cylinder is welded to the end face of the rudder stock according to a welding process, the rib plate is reinforced, after a weld is completely cooled, magnetic powder inspection is carried out, no crack defect is ensured, finally, the self-made solid hydraulic ram is pumped to 1500 tons, the self-made oil ram of the upper nut is pumped slowly, and the rudder stock is loosened by combining the hydraulic ram.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and a disassembling method thereof, and the tool has the following beneficial effects:
1. the large ship rudder stock can be disassembled in a floating state without docking, so that the docking cost is greatly saved, the loss of manpower and material resources is reduced, the construction efficiency can be obviously improved, and the maintenance period is shortened.
2. Compared with methods of welding large lifting lugs, hanging large hoists and the like in a floating state and matching with a rudder plate for fixing, the method for fixing the rudder plate by temporarily fixing the code plate can save 4 large hoists and can also save the maintenance cost of the hoists after being corroded by seawater, and rudder blades fixed by welding are safer and more reliable and are not influenced by water flow impact and the like.
3. The jacking cylinder is adopted for matching disassembly, compared with various combined disassembly and assembly methods such as welding a screw rod tooling nut, installing a large-scale puller plate, hydraulic jacking on the lower part of the tiller, heating and matching the tiller hub and the like, the construction time is shorter, the jacking force is larger, and the problem of disassembling and assembling the dry tiller with the tonnage can be easily solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a rudder stock of a large ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of an upper rudder bearing of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a lower rudder bearing structure diagram of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a lower rudder bearing dismounting view of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of a bearing turntable of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a first drawing for disassembling an upper rudder bearing of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of FIG. 7 showing a rudder stock of a large ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structure view of a lifting cylinder of a rudder stock of a large-sized ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second drawing for disassembling an upper rudder bearing of a rudder stock of a large ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of FIG. 10 showing a rudder stock of a large ship in a floating state according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a rudder blade fixing diagram after a rudder stock of a rudder stock assembly for a large ship according to the present invention is disassembled.
In the figure: 1. a steering engine room; 2. a stern; 3. an upper rudder bearing; 4. a tiller; 5. a lower rudder bearing; 6. a dead rudder is arranged; 7. a rudder blade; 8. opening a hoisting process hole; 9. repairing the fabrication hole; 10. a grinding disc; 11. a tiller; 12. a plunger rod pin; 13. screwing a nut; 14. a plunger head; 15. a hoisting ring; 16. a shaft sleeve; 17. a lower nut; 18. a jacking cylinder; 19. temporarily fixing the code plate; 20. a first hydraulic pump; 21. a second hydraulic pump; 22. a load-bearing turntable; 23. a round base plate; 24. half cushion blocks; 25. self-made solid hydraulic ram; 26. a steel plate; 27. a top reinforcing rib plate; 28. lifting lugs; 29. rolling; 30. a side reinforcing plate; 31. an observation hole; 32. a hanger; 33. a base plate; 34. steel balls; 35. a turntable; 36. hanging holes; 37. a chain is hung; 38. a ball groove; 39. and a hydraulic oil pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, a large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool comprises a rudder trunk 1, a stern 2, an upper rudder carrier 3, a rudder stock 4, a lower rudder carrier 5, a solid rudder carrier 6 and rudder blades 7, wherein the stern 2 is arranged at the tail of the rudder trunk 1, one end of the rudder stock 4 is arranged on the rudder trunk 1 through the upper rudder carrier 3, the other end of the rudder stock is arranged on the solid rudder carrier 6 through the lower rudder carrier 5, the rudder blades 7 are arranged on the solid rudder carrier 6, a hoisting process hole 8 is arranged at a stern deck above the rudder stock 4 in the rudder trunk 1, the rudder blades 7 are arranged below the lower rudder carrier 5 and provided with a maintenance process hole 9, the upper rudder carrier 3 comprises a grinding disc 10, a rudder stock 11, a plunger pin 12, an upper nut 13, a plunger head 14 and a lifting ring 15, the rudder stock 11 is arranged above the grinding disc 10, the plunger pin 12 is arranged on the rudder stock 11, the upper nut 13 is arranged on the rudder stock 11, the plunger head 14 is arranged in the upper rudder stock 13, the lifting ring 15 is installed on the rudder stock 4, the lower rudder bearing 5 comprises a shaft sleeve 16 and a lower nut 17, the lower nut 17 locks the position of the shaft sleeve 16 on the rudder stock 4, and the lifting device further comprises a lifting cylinder 18, a temporary fixed code plate 19, a first hydraulic pump 20, a second hydraulic pump 21, a bearing rotary table 22, a round cushion plate 23, a Hough cushion block 24 and a self-made solid hydraulic ram 25.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the jacking cylinder 18 includes a steel plate 26, a top rib 27, a lifting lug 28, a rolling plate 29, and a side rib 30, where the top rib 27 is welded to the top of the steel plate 26, the lifting lug 28 is welded to the steel plate 26, the rolling plate 29 is welded to the bottom of the steel plate 26, and the side rib 30 is welded to a connection between the rolling plate 29 and the steel plate 26.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the steel plate 26 is 180mm, the thickness of the rolling plate 29 is 25mm, the jacking cylinder 18 is adopted for matching disassembly, compared with various combined disassembly and assembly methods such as welding screw rod tooling nuts, installing large-scale puller plates, hydraulic jacking on the lower part of the tiller, heating matching of the tiller hub and the like, the construction time is shorter, the jacking force is larger, and the difficulty in disassembling and assembling the dry tiller with the kiloton level can be easily solved.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the top stiffened plate 27 is of a shear-type structure, the side stiffened plates 30 are uniformly distributed, and the side wall of the rolling plate 29 is uniformly provided with observation holes 31.
In this embodiment, 4 observation holes 31 are uniformly formed in the side wall of the rolling plate 29, so as to facilitate subsequent disassembly.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the lower half section of the temporary fixed code plate 19 is symmetrically and diagonally welded on the rudder blade 7, and a gap of 2-3mm is reserved between the upper half section and the solid rudder 6.
In this embodiment, the temporary fixed code plate 19 is composed of 9 sets of prefabricated T-shaped code plates or thickened flat-bulb steel 40B with bearing capacity not less than 80 tons, the T-shaped code plates or thickened flat-bulb steel are adopted, except for meeting the strength, the surface line type of the rudder plate or the solid rudder 6 is properly trimmed, the fitting degree is high, the welding is easy, the design and the arrangement of the fixed code plate are determined according to the weight of the rudder plate, the gravity center, the internal structure layout of the rudder plate and the solid rudder 6, modeling and finite element analysis and optimization are needed after the design, and the technical requirements of dismounting requirements and the technical requirements of influences of the rudder plate under a floating state, normal tidal water flow, even strong wind and large wave impact under severe climate and the like are met by the overall strength and deformation prevention parameters of the fixed code plate.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the bearing turntable 22 includes a hanger 32, a bottom plate 33, a steel ball 34, and a turntable 35, the bottom plate 33 is placed on the hanger 32, the turntable 35 is mounted on the bottom plate 33 through a fixing pin, and the steel ball 34 is disposed between the turntable 35 and the bottom plate 33.
In this embodiment, the bearing rotary table 22 is used for bearing the lower nut 17, the bearing rotary table 22 rotates along with the rotation of the lower nut 17, and meanwhile, the tightness of the hanging chain 37 on the hanging hole 36 is adjusted, so that the bearing rotary table 22 stably moves downwards along with the lower nut 17, and when the nut is completely loosened, the weight is completely transferred to the hanging bracket 32.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the two ends of the hanger 32 are provided with hanging holes 36, a hanging chain 37 is installed through the hanging holes 36, the bottom plate 33 and the turntable 35 are both provided with ball grooves 38, and the steel balls 34 are located in the ball grooves 38.
In this embodiment, the hanging holes 36 are used for installing the connecting chains 37, and the ball grooves 38 are beneficial to maintaining the position of the steel balls 34 in the bottom plate 33 and the turntable 35.
As a specific technical solution of this embodiment, the self-made solid hydraulic ram 25 and the upper nut 13 are both connected to a hydraulic oil pipe 39, and extend out of the observation hole 31 of the jacking cylinder 18 to be externally connected to a hydraulic pump.
In this embodiment, the self-made solid hydraulic ram 25 and the upper nut 13 are connected to the hydraulic pump through the hydraulic oil pipe 39 to be detached in cooperation.
A method for disassembling a rudder stock assembly of a large ship comprises the following steps:
s1, erecting scaffolds above the periphery of the steering engine, protecting the steering engine to facilitate subsequent disassembly, opening a hoisting process hole 8 at a stern deck right above the rudder stock 4, adjusting draft of the ship, and raising the stern part as much as possible to ensure that the bottom edge of a maintenance process hole 9 which is pre-cut off is at least 500mm higher than the water surface;
s2, firstly, rotating the rudder to 0 degree, then stopping the system, disconnecting the power supply of a motor of the rudder, hanging and locking the rudder, putting an inverted hanging frame from a stern 2 to the left side and the right side of a rudder blade 7, approaching the left side and the right side of the rudder blade to the water surface as much as possible to facilitate the subsequent dismounting of a dismounting nut 17, symmetrically and diagonally welding the lower half section of a prefabricated temporary fixing code plate 19 on the rudder blade 7, wherein the left side and the right side are respectively provided with four sets, and the bow part is provided with one set, so as to prevent the rudder blade 7 from greatly rotating in the pump loosening and sinking process, the fixing position is selected to the place with a longitudinal reinforcing structure as much as possible, and the upper half section and the idle rudder 6 are left with a 2-3mm gap and are not welded temporarily;
s3, cutting off the maintenance fabrication hole 9, cutting off the nut safety, making mark on the mark, loosening the lower nut 17 of the rudder bearing 5 by about 35mm by using a special wrench, and then paving a half-type rubber ring pad on the upper end surface of the lower nut 17 for damping and buffering;
s4, installing an expansion oil pipe joint outside a steel casting connected with the rudder blade 7 and the lower cone of the rudder stock 4, installing and connecting a hydraulic pipe and a first hydraulic pump 20, slowly pumping oil, loosening the rudder blade 7 by the first hydraulic pump 20 to enable the rudder blade 7 to be loosened and sunk for about 32mm from the lower cone of the rudder stock 4, then pumping oil by a second hydraulic pump 21 to a lower nut 17, jacking the rudder blade 7 to be 7-8mm and maintaining pressure, and clamping and positioning the rudder blade 7 due to a temporary fixed code plate 19 in the loosening process of the rudder blade 7, so that the rudder blade 7 basically cannot rotate even under the impact of water flow;
s5, welding the upper half section of the temporary fixing code plate 19 according to the symmetrical diagonal sequence, and integrally fixing the rudder blade 7 and the solid rudder 6 together;
s6, removing the oil pump pressure of the lower nut 17 to transfer the weight of the rudder blade 7 to the temporary fixed code plate 19 and the solid rudder 6, wherein a clearance exists between the lower nut 17 and the rudder blade 7, and continuously detaching the lower nut 17 until the lower nut 17 is left for 50-60mm and is not completely screwed out;
s7, matching two sides of a rudder blade 7 by using 4 chain blocks, placing a bearing turntable 22 under a rudder stock 4 through a maintenance process hole 9 to enable the upper end surface of the bearing turntable 22 to be attached to the lower end surface of a lower nut 17, then continuously loosening the lower nut 17 to enable the bearing turntable 22 to be located on the bearing turntable 22, enabling the bearing turntable 22 to rotate along with the rotation of the lower nut 17, adjusting the tightness of a hanging chain 37 on a hanging hole 36 to enable the bearing turntable 22 to stably move downwards along with the lower nut 17, when the nut is completely loosened, transferring the whole weight onto a hanging bracket 32, finally placing the lower nut 17 and the bearing turntable 22 into a nut cavity of the rudder stock, and smearing butter on the threads of the rudder stock 4 and the lower nut 17 for protection;
s8, removing the plunger rod pin 12, turning 180 degrees after removing the upper nut 13, installing the upper nut back, reserving about 27mm of pump looseness allowance of the tiller 11, enabling the plunger head 14 of the upper nut 13 to face upwards, then installing a lifting ring 15, lifting 70% of the weight of the tiller 4 and the tiller 11 by using a wharf crane to about 50 tons, then matching 2 5-ton chain blocks to rotate the tiller 11 and the tiller 4 rightwards by 90 degrees, enabling a shifting fork of the tiller 11 to be capable of separating from the limited range of a cylinder plunger rod, facilitating the subsequent disassembly of the tiller 11, matching and disassembling by using a self-provided hydraulic jack of the upper nut 13, disassembling the lifting ring 15, firstly lifting a half cushion block 24 onto the upper nut 13, then lifting the jacking cylinder 18 in place, connecting a hydraulic oil pipe 39 to the side surface of the upper nut 13, winding out from an observation hole 31 on the side surface of the jacking cylinder 18, then externally connecting a hydraulic pump, welding the lower part of the jacking cylinder 18 onto the end surface of the tiller 11 according to a welding process, and weld the reinforcing plate of the gusset plate, after waiting to weld the seam and cool completely, do the magnetic powder inspection, guarantee the defect of crackle-free, for the sake of safety, can use chain block and wire rope cooperate to anchor the tiller 11 first before the pump is loosened, prevent from pushing away the tiller 11 because of pushing the too big, press slowly and loosen the tiller 11, the self-made solid hydraulic ram 25 cooperates and dismantles and demolish the flying ring 15, cushion the round steel plate 26 on the upper end of the rudder stock 4 first, hoist and mount the self-made solid hydraulic ram 25 to the round steel plate 26, and then hoist and mount the haugh cushion block 24 to the nut 13, then hoist and mount the lifting cylinder 18 in place, and connect the hydraulic oil pipe 39 on the side of the upper nut 13 and self-made solid hydraulic ram 25 separately, and wind from the observation hole 31 of the side of the lifting cylinder 18 separately, and connect 2 hydraulic pumps externally, weld the lower portion of the lifting cylinder 18 on the terminal surface of the tiller 11 according to the welding process, and weld the reinforcing plate of the gusset plate, after waiting to weld the seam and cool completely, magnetic powder inspection is carried out, the defect of no crack is ensured, for the sake of safety, a hand chain block and a steel wire rope are matched to anchor the tiller 11 before the pump is loosened, the tiller 11 is prevented from being jacked and flown due to overlarge jacking force, finally, the pump is pumped to 1500 tons of force from a self-made solid hydraulic jack 25, then the pump is slowly pumped to an oil jack of an upper nut 13, and the tiller 11 is loosened by combining the hydraulic jack;
s9, cutting off the disassembling tool after the tiller 11 is completely loosened, disassembling the upper nut 13, hanging the tiller 11 away and removing, and disassembling the grinding disc 10 base according to the specification requirement of the ship;
s10, slowly lifting the rudder stock 4 by a crane and then stabilizing the rudder stock 4, marking, then loosening the thrust disc of the grinding disc 10 by a hydraulic pump to completely separate the cone between the thrust disc of the grinding disc 10 and the rudder stock 4, slowly commanding the crane to lower the rudder stock 4, temporarily inserting the rudder stock 4 into the cone hole of the rudder stock until the weight of the rudder stock 4 is completely supported by the cone hole of the rudder stock, and unloading the wharf crane;
s11, hanging out the grinding disc 10 thrust disc, and integrally hanging out the grinding disc 10;
s12, slowly lifting the rudder stock 4 by using a wharf crane again, simultaneously pushing and loosening the rudder stock 4 in a nut cavity at the lower end of the rudder stock 4 by using a 100-ton hydraulic jack in a matching manner, after the rudder stock 4 is completely separated from a cone hole of a rudder plate, lifting the rudder stock 4 out of a lifting process hole of a stern deck, and fixing the remaining rudder blade 7 on the idle rudder 6.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the large ship rudder stock can be disassembled in a floating state without docking, so that the docking cost is greatly saved, the loss of manpower and material resources is reduced, the construction efficiency can be obviously improved, and the maintenance period is shortened; compared with methods of welding large lifting lugs, hanging large hoists and other hoisting equipment in a floating state and matching with a rudder plate for fixing, the method of fixing the rudder plate by temporarily fixing the code plate 19 can save 4 large hoists and can also save the maintenance cost of the hoists after being corroded by seawater, and the rudder blade 7 fixed by welding is safer and more reliable and is not influenced by water flow impact and the like; the jacking cylinder 18 is adopted for matching disassembly, compared with various combined disassembly and assembly methods such as welding a screw rod tooling nut, installing a large-scale puller plate, hydraulic jacking on the lower part of the tiller, heating and matching the tiller hub and the like, the construction time is shorter, the jacking force is larger, and the problem of disassembling and assembling the dry tiller with the tonnage can be easily solved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a frock is dismantled to large-scale boats and ships rudderstock assembly, includes steering wheel within a definite time (1), stern (2), goes up rudder bearing (3), rudderstock (4), lower rudder bearing (5), stays rudder (6) and rudder blade (7), its characterized in that: the stern (2) is arranged at the tail of the steering engine room (1), one end of the rudder stock (4) is arranged on the steering engine room (1) through the upper rudder bearing (3), the other end of the rudder stock is arranged on the solid rudder (6) through the lower rudder bearing (5), the rudder blade (7) is arranged on the solid rudder (6), a hoisting process hole (8) is formed in a stern deck position above the rudder stock (4) of the steering engine room (1), and a maintenance process hole (9) is formed in a position below the lower rudder bearing (5) of the rudder blade (7);
the upper rudder bearing (3) comprises a grinding disc (10), a rudder handle (11), a plunger rod pin (12), an upper nut (13), a plunger head (14) and a lifting ring (15), the rudder handle (11) is positioned above the grinding disc (10), the plunger rod pin (12) is installed on the rudder handle (11), the upper nut (13) is positioned on the rudder handle (11), the plunger head (14) is positioned in the upper nut (13), and the lifting ring (15) is installed on the rudder rod (4);
the lower rudder bearing (5) comprises a shaft sleeve (16) and a lower nut (17), and the position of the shaft sleeve (16) on the rudder stock (4) is locked by the lower nut (17);
the hydraulic jacking system further comprises a jacking cylinder (18), a temporary fixing code plate (19), a first hydraulic pump (20), a second hydraulic pump (21), a bearing rotary table (22), a round cushion plate (23), a half cushion block (24) and a self-made solid hydraulic jack (25).
2. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the jacking cylinder (18) comprises a steel plate (26), a top reinforcing rib plate (27), a lifting lug (28), a rolling plate (29) and a side reinforcing rib plate (30), wherein the top reinforcing rib plate (27) is welded to the top of the steel plate (26), the lifting lug (28) is welded to the steel plate (26), the rolling plate (29) is welded to the bottom of the steel plate (26), and the side reinforcing rib plate (30) is welded to the joint of the rolling plate (29) and the steel plate (26).
3. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: the top reinforcing rib plate (27) is of a shear type structure, the side reinforcing rib plates (30) are uniformly distributed, and observation holes (31) are uniformly formed in the side wall of the rolling plate (29).
4. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower half section of the temporary fixing code plate (19) is symmetrically and diagonally welded on the rudder blade (7), and a gap of 2-3mm is reserved between the upper half section of the temporary fixing code plate and the fixed rudder (6).
5. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bearing turntable (22) comprises a hanger (32), a bottom plate (33), steel balls (34) and a turntable (35), wherein the bottom plate (33) is placed on the hanger (32), the turntable (35) is installed on the bottom plate (33) through fixing pins, and the steel balls (34) are arranged between the turntable (35) and the bottom plate (33).
6. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 5, wherein the assembling tool comprises: hanging holes (36) are formed in two ends of the hanging frame (32), a hanging chain (37) is installed through the hanging holes (36), ball grooves (38) are formed in the bottom plate (33) and the rotary table (35), and the steel balls (34) are located in the ball grooves (38).
7. The large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-made solid hydraulic jack (25) and the upper nut (13) are both connected with a hydraulic oil pipe (39) and penetrate out of the observation hole (31) of the jacking cylinder (18) to be externally connected with a hydraulic pump.
8. Method of dismantling a rudder stock assembly for large vessels according to any one of claims 1 to 7 including the steps of:
s1, a hoisting process hole (8) is formed in the stern deck right above the rudder stock (4), and draft of the ship is adjusted, so that the bottom edge of the pre-cut maintenance process hole (9) is at least 500mm higher than the water surface;
s2, hanging up an inverted hanging frame from a stern (2) to the left side and the right side of a rudder blade (7), symmetrically and diagonally welding the lower half section of a prefabricated temporary fixing code plate (19) on the rudder blade (7), and leaving a gap of 2-3mm between the upper half section and a fixed rudder (6) for temporary non-welding;
s3, cutting off the removal maintenance fabrication hole (9), loosening the lower nut (17) of the rudder bearing (5) by about 35mm, and then paving a half-type rubber ring pad on the upper end face of the lower nut (17);
s4, loosening the rudder blade (7) by using a first hydraulic pump (20) to loosen and sink the rudder blade from a cone at the lower part of the rudder stock (4), pumping oil into a lower nut (17) by using a second hydraulic pump (21), jacking the rudder blade (7) to 7-8mm and maintaining pressure;
s5, welding the upper half section of the temporary fixing code plate (19) according to the symmetrical diagonal sequence, and integrally fixing the rudder blade (7) and the fixed rudder (6) together;
s6, removing the oil pump pressure of the lower nut (17), so that the weight of the rudder blade (7) is completely transferred to the temporary fixed code plate (19) and the fixed rudder (6), at the moment, a separation space exists between the lower nut (17) and the rudder blade (7), and continuously removing the lower nut (17) until the lower nut (17) is left for 50-60mm and is not completely screwed out;
s7, matching two sides of a rudder blade (7) by using 4 chain blocks, putting a bearing turntable (22) under a rudder stock (4) through a maintenance process hole (9), enabling the upper end face of the bearing turntable (22) to be attached to the lower end face of a lower nut (17), then continuously loosening the lower nut (17) to enable the bearing turntable to be located on the bearing turntable (22), enabling the bearing turntable (22) to rotate along with the rotation of the lower nut (17), adjusting the tightness of a hanging chain (37) on a hanging hole (36), enabling the bearing turntable (22) to stably move downwards along with the lower nut (17), and when the nut is completely loosened, transferring the weight to a hanging bracket (32);
s8, removing the plunger rod pin (12), turning 180 degrees after removing the upper nut (13) and installing the upper nut back, reserving the pump looseness allowance of the tiller (11) to be about 27mm, enabling the plunger head (14) of the upper nut (13) to face upwards, then installing a lifting ring (15), lifting 70% of the weight of the tiller (4) and the tiller (11) by using a wharf crane, and then rotating the tiller (11) and the tiller (4) together by 90 degrees rightwards by using 2 5-ton chain block matching so as to get rid of the obstruction of the plunger rod;
s9, cutting off the disassembling tool after the tiller (11) is completely loosened, disassembling the upper nut (13), hanging the tiller (11) away and removing, and disassembling the base of the grinding disc (10) according to the specification requirement of the ship;
s10, slowly lifting the rudder stock (4) by a crane and then stabilizing the rudder stock (4), marking, then loosening the thrust disc of the grinding disc (10) by a hydraulic pump to completely separate the cone between the thrust disc of the grinding disc (10) and the rudder stock (4), slowly commanding the crane to lower the rudder stock (4), temporarily inserting the rudder stock (4) into the cone hole of the rudder stock until the cone hole of the rudder stock completely supports the weight of the rudder stock (4), and unloading the wharf crane;
s11, lifting out the grinding disc (10) thrust disc, and lifting out the grinding disc (10) integrally;
s12, slowly lifting the rudder stock (4) by using the wharf crane again a little, simultaneously loosening the rudder stock (4) in a nut cavity at the lower end of the rudder stock (4) by using a 100-ton hydraulic top in a matching mode, after the rudder stock (4) is completely separated from a cone hole of a rudder plate, lifting the rudder stock (4) out of a lifting process hole of a stern deck, and fixing the remaining rudder blade (7) on the idle rudder (6).
9. The method for disassembling the rudder stock assembly of the large ship according to claim 8, wherein in the step S8, the upper nut (13) is used for being disassembled in a matched manner with a self-provided hydraulic jack, the lifting ring (15) is disassembled, the half cushion block (24) is firstly lifted onto the upper nut (13), then the jacking cylinder (18) is lifted in place, the hydraulic oil pipe (39) is connected to the side surface of the upper nut (13), and is wound out from the observation hole (31) in the side surface of the jacking cylinder (18), then the hydraulic pump is externally connected, the lower part of the jacking cylinder (18) is welded on the end surface of the rudder stock (11) according to a welding process, the rib plate is welded for reinforcement, after the welding seam is completely cooled, magnetic powder inspection is carried out, the defect of cracks is avoided, and finally the rudder stock (11) is slowly hydraulically loosened.
10. The method for disassembling the rudder stock assembly of the large ship according to claim 8, wherein in S8, the self-made solid hydraulic ram (25) is matched with and disassembled from the lifting ring (15), the round steel plate (26) is padded at the upper end part of the rudder stock (4), the self-made solid hydraulic ram (25) is hoisted onto the round steel plate (26), the Hough cushion block (24) is hoisted onto the upper nut (13), the jacking cylinder (18) is hoisted in place, the hydraulic oil pipes (39) are respectively connected to the side surfaces of the upper nut (13) and the self-made solid hydraulic ram (25), the hydraulic oil pipes are respectively wound out from the observation holes (31) on the side surfaces of the jacking cylinder (18), the hydraulic pumps are externally connected, the lower part of the jacking cylinder (18) is welded on the end surface of the rudder stock (11) according to a welding process, the welded rib plate is reinforced, and after a weld seam is completely cooled, magnetic powder inspection is performed to ensure that no crack exists, and finally pumping to 1500 tons of force from a self-made solid hydraulic jack (25), and then slowly pumping to an oil jack with an upper nut (13) to release the tiller (11) by combining the hydraulic jack.
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| CN202110935012.3A CN113772071B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Large ship rudder stock assembly disassembling tool and disassembling method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115817754A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 招商局金陵鼎衡船舶(扬州)有限公司 | Method for replacing lower rudder bearing |
| CN115817754B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2024-05-31 | 招商局金陵鼎衡船舶(扬州)有限公司 | Novel rudder down bearing and replacing method |
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| CN113772071B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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