CN113771909A

CN113771909A - Method and device for assembling axle box bearing of bogie with built-in axle box

Info

Publication number: CN113771909A
Application number: CN202111152419.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闫婷婷; 王晓宁; 范德万; 祝帅; 韩宁
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-29
Filing date: 2021-09-29
Publication date: 2021-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-29
Also published as: CN113771909B

Abstract

The invention provides an assembling method and an assembling device for an axle box bearing of a bogie with an embedded axle box, which comprises the following steps: the sealing ring and the axle box rear cover are pressed and installed at the rear end of the axle box body; pressing the bearing into the axle box body from front to back, and installing an axle box front cover to press the bearing, so as to form an axle box bearing assembly; press-fitting the journal housing bearing assembly onto an axle. In the embodiment of the invention, the axle box body and the bearing are assembled into an integral component and then are pressed on the axle, thereby smoothly realizing the assembly of the bearing of the bogie with the built-in axle box, the axle box body and the axle.

Description

Method and device for assembling axle box bearing of bogie with built-in axle box

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to an assembling method and an assembling device for an axle box bearing of a bogie with an internal axle box.

Background

The bearing of the traditional wheel set is firstly pressed on the axle and then pressed on the axle box. However, the axle box bearing structure of the bogie with the built-in axle box is different from the traditional wheel set in assembly, and is different from the axle in assembly, and the assembly according to the traditional mode is difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an assembling method of an axle box bearing of an axle box built-in bogie, which comprises the following steps:

the sealing ring and the axle box rear cover are pressed and installed at the rear end of the axle box body;

pressing the bearing into the axle box body from front to back, and installing an axle box front cover to press the bearing, so as to form an axle box bearing assembly;

press-fitting the journal housing bearing assembly onto an axle.

In a specific scheme, when the sealing ring and the axle box rear cover are pressed and mounted, the rear end of the axle box body is upward; and before the bearing is pressed and mounted to the shaft box body, the shaft box body is adjusted to be upward in front end.

In a specific scheme, a guide part is fixed at one end of an axle, a journal box bearing assembly is firstly sleeved to the guide part, and the journal box bearing assembly is pushed by a press-fitting sleeve to move axially along the guide part to gradually approach the axle and finally to be pressed to a corresponding position of the axle.

The invention also provides an assembling device of the axle box bearing of the axle box built-in bogie, which is used for carrying out the assembling method of the axle box bearing of the axle box built-in bogie, and the assembling device comprises a guide part and a press-fitting sleeve, wherein the guide part is used for being fixed with one end of an axle, and the press-fitting sleeve can be sleeved outside the guide part so as to push the axle box bearing assembly to move axially along the guide part.

In a specific scheme, one end of the guiding part is provided with a conical end, and the conical end can be inserted into an inner hole at one end of the axle for positioning.

In a specific scheme, the assembling device further comprises a plug pin, the guide part is provided with radially extending jacks, the jacks are matched with the plug pin, and at least one jack is distributed in the circumferential direction of the guide part; the wall body of the press-fitting sleeve is provided with a long hole extending along the axial direction of the press-fitting sleeve, at least one long hole is circumferentially distributed on the press-fitting sleeve, and the long hole penetrates through the inside and the outside of the wall body; the bolt is inserted into the corresponding jack and the long hole, and the press-fitting sleeve moves relative to the bolt when moving along the axial direction.

In a specific scheme, the assembling device further comprises a movable press-fitting pump, and the bolt is vertically arranged and fixed with an inner column of the movable press-fitting pump.

In a specific scheme, the guide part comprises a first circular plate and a second circular plate which are concentrically distributed, a plurality of webs are arranged between the first circular plate and the second circular plate, and two ends of the webs are respectively connected with the first circular plate and the second circular plate; one side edges of the webs are connected, and the webs extend along the radial direction; the cone end is arranged on the first circular plate, one end of the second circular plate is concentrically provided with a cylinder, and the insertion hole is arranged on the cylinder.

In a particular aspect, the radial dimension of the cylinder is less than the radial dimensions of the first and second circular plates, and the width of the web is equal to the radius of the first and second circular plates.

The invention also provides an assembling device of the axle box bearing of the axle box built-in bogie, which is used for carrying out the assembling method of the axle box bearing of the axle box built-in bogie in the second item.

In the embodiment of the invention, the axle box body and the bearing are assembled into an integral component and then are pressed on the axle, thereby smoothly realizing the assembly of the bearing of the bogie with the built-in axle box, the axle box body and the axle.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a seal ring, an axle box rear cover, and an axle box body in a press-fitting manner according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a support tool supporting a shaft housing;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembly of the bearing into the axle housing;

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of an axlebox bearing assembly;

FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the axle housing supported by the support tool shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembled axlebox bearing assembly of FIG. 4 assembled to an axle;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a guide portion;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the guide of FIG. 9 from another perspective;

FIG. 11 is a front view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a left side view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a right side view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 11;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the press-fit sleeve of FIG. 8;

fig. 16 is a schematic view of the press-fit sleeve of fig. 15 from another perspective.

The reference numerals in fig. 1-16 are illustrated as follows:

1-an axlebox bearing assembly;

11-axle box body; 111-positioning guide posts; 112-spring mount;

12-axle box rear cover; 13-sealing ring; 14-a bearing; 15-axle box front cover; 16-bolt;

2, supporting a tool; 21-a ring-shaped substrate; 22-a support block;

3. a 3' -guide portion; 31-a cone end; 3 a-a jack; 3 b-mounting holes; 32-a first circular plate; 33-a second circular plate; 34-a web; 35-a cylinder;

4-press fitting and sleeving; 4 a-a long hole; 41-a connection end;

5-bolt;

6-axle; 61-shaft shoulder.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The present embodiment provides a method for assembling an axle box bearing of an axle box built-in bogie, so as to assemble an axle box body 11, a bearing, to an axle 6 (shown in fig. 8, and a wheel seat corresponding to the axle 6 in fig. 8 is located on the left side of the axle 6, and the wheel seat is not shown). The axially built-in bogie, i.e. the axle box, is located inside the wheel seat, from front to back with reference to the wheel seat, and from the inside of the wheel seat pointing in the direction of the outside of the wheel seat, both front and back being as described below.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a seal ring 13, an axle box rear cover 12 and an axle box body 11 in a press-fitting manner according to the present embodiment; fig. 2 is a schematic view of the support tool 2 supporting the shaft case 11.

First, the seal ring 13 and the axle box rear cover 12 are press-fitted to the rear end of the axle box body 11, and the axle box rear end is understood with reference to fig. 8 to be close to the wheel seat on the corresponding side and distant from the wheel seat on the corresponding side. The pedestal back cover 12, i.e., the retainer structure shown in fig. 1, is used to retain the bearing 14. In fig. 1, the upper end of the shaft housing 11 is a rear end, and the lower end is a front end, wherein black arrows from top to bottom indicate the press-fitting direction. Specifically, the shaft box body 11 may be horizontally placed on the support tool 2 shown in fig. 2, the inner hole of the shaft box body 11 extends in the vertical direction, and at this time, the rear end of the shaft box body 11 faces upward, that is, the rear end for mounting the seal ring 13 faces upward.

The sealing ring 13 and the axle box rear cover 12 are assembled together, then the assembly direction is arranged above the axle box body 11 according to the figure 1, the edge of the sealing ring 13 is lightly pressed into the inner hole of the axle box body 11, the rubber hammer can be used for uniformly and symmetrically knocking along the circumferential direction until the sealing ring 13 is completely pressed into the inner hole of the axle box body 11, and the assembly requires that the upper edge of the sealing ring 13 is flush with the outer edge of the axle box body 11.

Next, with continued reference to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of the bearing 14 being assembled into the shaft housing 11.

As described above, the seal ring 13 and the pedestal back cover 12 have been mounted to the rear end of the axle housing 11, and the bearing 14 needs to be press-fitted into the axle housing 11 from the front to the rear. As shown in fig. 3, the shaft box 11 may be vertically turned from the rear end of fig. 1 to the front end of fig. 3, and then continuously supported on the support tool 2 shown in fig. 2, and then the bearing 14 is slowly loaded along the axial direction of the inner hole of the shaft box 11 by using the hoisting tool, and during the assembly process, whether the angle of the bearing 14 is inclined or not is observed, so as to avoid the bearing 14 from being stuck and collided with the shaft box 11.

After the bearing 14 is assembled, a front axle box cover 15 is mounted to the front end of the axle box body 11 to press the front end of the bearing 14, the front axle box cover 15 is also a retainer structure, and the front end of the axle box body 11 is the oil seal side of the axle box body 11. Specifically, bolts 16, washers, spring washers, and iron wires or steel wires can be used to fasten the front axle box cover 15, and the axle box body 11, the bearings 14, the front axle box cover 15, and the rear axle box cover 14 are assembled to form the axle box bearing assembly 1, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, and fig. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of the axle box bearing assembly 1;

fig. 5 is a right side view of fig. 4.

In the above-described assembly of the journal bearing assembly 1, the shaft housing 11 is supported by the support tool 2 shown in fig. 2, and as shown in fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic view of the shaft housing 11 supported by the support tool 2 shown in fig. 2, and fig. 7 is a plan view of fig. 6.

The rear end of the shaft box body 11 needs to be assembled with the seal ring 13 and the axle box rear cover 12, and the bearing 14 needs to be installed into the shaft box body 11 from front to back, so that the shaft box body 11 is placed such that the inner hole of the shaft box body extends vertically, namely, the shaft box body is arranged according to the direction shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, which is beneficial to the press-fitting work, but the structure of the shaft box body 11 is not symmetrical, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the shaft box body 11 as a whole comprises the positioning guide pillar 111 protruding outwards and the two spring installation seats 112, at this time, when the shaft box body is placed along the inner hole in the vertical direction, the shaft box body 11 cannot be stably placed, and the vertical placement of the shaft box body 11 can be realized through the supporting tool 2.

Referring to fig. 2 again, the supporting tool 2 includes an annular base 21, the annular base 21 may be a circular ring structure shown in fig. 2, the upper end of the annular base 21 is provided with a plurality of supporting blocks 22, three strip-shaped supporting blocks 22 are arranged in fig. 2, the strip-shaped supporting blocks 22 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the strip-shaped supporting blocks 22 extend along the radial direction, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the supporting blocks 22 support the end face of the shaft box body 11, and the positioning guide posts 111 and the spring mounting seats 112 of the shaft box body 11 are lifted up and lifted up accordingly, so that the shaft box body can be stably located at a position to be pressed.

After the aforementioned journal bearing assembly 1 is assembled, it is necessary to press-fit the journal bearing assembly 1 onto the axle 6, thereby completing the assembly of the bearing 14, the axle housing 11, and the axle 6.

Specifically, with continued reference to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view of the assembled journal bearing assembly 1 of fig. 4 assembled to an axle 6.

Firstly, fixing the guide part 3 at one end of the axle 6, sleeving the journal bearing assembly 1 to the guide part 3, machining a chamfer at the position where the guide part 3 is firstly contacted with the journal bearing assembly 1, machining a chamfer at the circumferential edge of the right end of the guide part 3 in fig. 8, and slightly pushing the journal bearing assembly 1 when the journal bearing assembly 1 is assembled on the guide part 3 in advance to ensure that the chamfer is contacted with the inner ring fillet of the journal bearing assembly 1 so as to avoid or reduce possible damage.

Then, the axle box bearing assembly 1 is pushed by the press-fitting sleeve 4 to move along the axial direction of the guide portion 3 to gradually approach the axle 6, and finally to be externally sleeved on the corresponding position of the axle 6. That is, the guide portion 3 serves as a guide in an initial stage of assembling the journal bearing assembly 1 to the axle 6, the guide portion 3 is substantially flush with the outer peripheral wall of the axle 6, the inner peripheral wall of the press-fitting sleeve 4 is fitted to both the guide portion 3 and the outer peripheral wall of the axle 6, and the inner diameter of the press-fitting sleeve 4 may be slightly larger than the outer diameters of the guide portion 3 and the axle 6, so that the journal bearing assembly 1 can be pushed relatively stably.

With continued reference to fig. 9-13, fig. 9 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the guide;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the guide of FIG. 9 from another perspective; FIG. 11 is a front view of FIG. 9; FIG. 12 is a left side view of FIG. 11; FIG. 13 is a right side view of FIG. 11; fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 11.

The guide portion 3' in fig. 9 is another embodiment, and is different from the guide portion 3 in fig. 8 in that the guide portion 3 in fig. 8 is provided with a constant diameter except for the tapered end 31, and corresponds to the outer diameter of the axle 6. In fig. 9, the section of the guide part 3 'opposite to the tapered end 31 is a cylinder 35 with a smaller radial dimension than other positions, so that the weight reduction effect can be achieved, and other structures of the guide part 3 and the guide part 3' are the same.

Specifically, the guide portion 3' includes a first circular plate 32 and a second circular plate 33 concentrically arranged, a plurality of webs 34 are disposed between the first circular plate 32 and the second circular plate 33, and both ends of the plurality of webs 34 are respectively connected to the first circular plate 32 and the second circular plate 33; one side of a plurality of webs 34 meets, and webs 34 radially extends, in fig. 14, set up four webs 34, be the cross distribution, webs 34 can also set up to other quantity, and two circular slabs are connected to the main purpose of web 34, guarantee intensity, can alleviate the weight of whole guide portion 3' again, and two circular slabs and web 34 can be the integral type structure, can understand to form at the cutting of solid cylinder structure, also can be split type structure. The width dimension of the web 34 may be equal to the radial dimension of the first and second

circular plates

32, 33 such that the web 34 also supports and guides the journal bearing assembly 1 and the press-fit sleeve 4.

The tapered end 31 is provided at the middle portion of the first circular plate 32, and the first circular plate 32 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 3b in the circumferential direction, and as shown in fig. 8, 9, 10, and 11, bolts 5 may be inserted into the mounting holes 3b to be fastened to corresponding screw holes at one end of the axle 6, thereby fixing the guide portions 3, 3' and the axle 6. When fixing the guide portions 3 and 3 ', the tapered ends 31 of the guide portions 3 and 3' are inserted into the inner holes of the axle 6 to perform positioning, and then the bolts 5 are inserted for fixing.

As shown in fig. 9, a cylinder 35 is concentrically provided at one end of the second circular plate 33, the cylinder 35 is provided with at least one insertion hole 3a in the circumferential direction, and fig. 13 shows four insertion holes 3a, the insertion holes 3a extend in the radial direction, and when 8 is taken as a view, the axial lines of the axle 6, the journal bearing assembly 1, the guide portion 3, and the press-fitting sleeve 4 are aligned with each other, and the radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

As will be appreciated with reference again to fig. 8, 15 and 16, fig. 15 is a schematic view of the press-fit sleeve 4 of fig. 8; fig. 16 is a schematic view of the press-fitting sleeve of fig. 15 from another perspective, the press-fitting sleeve 4 including, in addition to the sleeve-like body portion, a connecting end 41 provided at the end portion, the connecting end 41 not being shown in fig. 8.

The wall body of the press-fitting sleeve 4 is provided with long holes 4a extending along the axial direction, at least one long hole 4a is distributed on the press-fitting sleeve 4 in the circumferential direction, the number and the position of the long holes 4a correspond to those of the insertion holes 3a, and the long holes 4a of the press-fitting sleeve 4 penetrate through the inside and the outside of the wall body. The assembling device for the axle box bearing in the embodiment further comprises a bolt (not shown in the figure), the bolt can be inserted into the corresponding insertion hole 3a and the corresponding long hole 4a, the bolt is positioned relative to the axle 6 and the guide part 3 after being inserted into the insertion hole 3a, when the press-fitting sleeve 4 pushes the axle box bearing assembly 1 to move along the axial direction, the long hole 4a moves relative to the bolt, and the bolt is in sliding fit with the long hole 4a to form good guide for pushing the press-fitting sleeve 4.

As shown in fig. 8, when the journal bearing assembly 1 is assembled, the axle 6 is horizontally arranged, and the journal bearing assembly 1 is also horizontally disposed with the inner hole extending, and is gradually fitted to the axle 6 in the axial direction of the inner hole. When the pressure equipment, can adjust guide portion 3 and pressure equipment cover 4, make a jack 3a be located the bottom of guide portion 3, and vertical extension, a slot hole 4a corresponds with the position of this jack 3a, then 3a location of jack are inserted to inserted bolt one end, and the other end can wear out slot hole 4a and support in ground or workstation mesa, has certain supporting role in addition to whole assembly devices, and the direction is also more reliable. The plug pin structure is not limited, and can be inserted into the jack 3a for positioning or screwed and fixed. In addition, a plurality of insertion holes 3a and long holes 4a are provided to facilitate the mating of the insertion holes 3a and long holes 4a for insertion of the plug pins.

The above mentioned support positioning and guiding functions of the latch are specifically described, and the latch in this embodiment also plays a role of fixing the press-fitting pump. In the scheme, the bearing 14 and the axle box body 11 need to be assembled together to the axle 6, the required press-fitting force is large, the press-fitting machine is different from a common bearing press-fitting machine, a movable press-fitting pump is adopted for press-fitting, an inner column of the press-fitting pump can be fixed with a bolt, the disk surface of the press-fitting pump is fixedly connected with the press-fitting sleeve 4, and as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the connecting end 41 of the press-fitting sleeve 4 can be connected with the disk surface of the fixed press-fitting pump. Like this, the relative pressure equipment pump main part shrink of interior post during operation of pressure equipment pump, and because the interior post and the bolt of pressure equipment pump are fixed, 6 fixed axles of bolt relatively, 6 supports of axletree and fixes on ground or platform, then the shrink action of interior post can correspondingly drive the pressure equipment pump and remove to drive the pressure equipment cover 4 and remove, press to guide portion 3 with promotion axle box bearing assembly 1, and be close to axletree 6 gradually, final pressure equipment to the relevant position of axletree 6. Therefore, the bolt can also play a role in fixing the inner column of the movable press-fitting pump, and the movable press-fitting pump has the advantages of high flexibility and freedom in height adjustment and can meet the requirements for loading and positioning of the axle 6. .

The maximum pressure value of the press-fitting pump can be set to the final pressurization pressure when the housing bearing assembly 1 is pushed by the press-fitting sleeve 4. When the pressure gauge is pressed in, it is necessary to pay attention to the fluctuation of the pressure gauge, and if a sudden pressure change occurs, the journal bearing assembly 1 should be removed to confirm whether or not damage such as seizing occurs on the surface of the bearing 14. As shown in fig. 8, after final press-fitting of the pedestal bearing assembly 1, the rear pedestal cover 12 and the R portion of the shoulder 61 of the axle 6 should be able to be tightly fitted, and in order to ensure that this fitting is achieved, final press-fitting may be performed using a fitting pressure, i.e., the final pressurization pressure described above.

As shown in fig. 4, the inner hole wall of the rear end of the axle housing 11 has a step, and together with the rear end cover 12, the bearing 14 acts as an axial stop, and as can be understood from fig. 8, the left end of the axle 6 also has a wheel seat (not shown), and both the bearing 14 and the axle housing 11 can only be relatively installed from right to left, and if the bearing 14 is installed first, the axle housing 11 cannot be installed and the bearing 14 is sleeved. In the embodiment of the present invention, the axle box body 11 and the bearing 14 are assembled into an integral assembly and then press-fitted onto the axle 6, thereby smoothly achieving the assembly of the bearing 14, the axle box body 11 and the axle 6 of the bogie with the built-in axle box.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for assembling the axle box bearing of the axle box built-in bogie is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

press-fitting the journal housing bearing assembly onto an axle.

2. The method of assembling an axlebox bearing for an inboxed bogie according to claim 1, wherein the rear end of the axlebox body is directed upward when the seal ring and the axlebox rear cover are press-fitted; and before the bearing is pressed and mounted to the shaft box body, the shaft box body is adjusted to be upward in front end.

3. The method of assembling an axlebox bearing assembly for an in-axlebox bogie according to claim 1, wherein a guide portion is fixed to one end of an axle, an axlebox bearing assembly is first fitted to the guide portion, and the axlebox bearing assembly is pushed by a press-fitting sleeve to move axially along the guide portion to gradually approach the axle and finally press-fitted to a corresponding position of the axle.

4. An apparatus for assembling an axlebox bearing of an in-axlebox bogie for performing the method for assembling an axlebox bearing of an in-axlebox bogie according to claim 3, wherein the apparatus comprises a guide portion for fixing to one end of an axle and a press-fit sleeve capable of covering the guide portion to push the axlebox bearing assembly to move axially along the guide portion.

5. The apparatus for assembling an axlebox bearing of an inboxed bogie according to claim 4, wherein one end of the guide portion is provided with a tapered end which can be inserted into an inner hole of one end of the axle to be positioned.

6. The apparatus for assembling axlebox bearings of an in-axlebox bogie according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus further comprises a pin, wherein the guide portion is provided with radially extending sockets, the sockets and the pin mating, the guide portion circumferentially distributing at least one of the sockets; the wall body of the press-fitting sleeve is provided with a long hole extending along the axial direction of the press-fitting sleeve, at least one long hole is circumferentially distributed on the press-fitting sleeve, and the long hole penetrates through the inside and the outside of the wall body; the bolt is inserted into the corresponding jack and the long hole, and the press-fitting sleeve moves relative to the bolt when moving along the axial direction.

7. The apparatus for assembling axlebox bearings of an inboxed bogie according to claim 6, further comprising a mobile press-fit pump, wherein the latch is vertically disposed and fixed to an inner column of the mobile press-fit pump.

8. The apparatus for assembling an axlebox bearing of an inboxed bogie according to claim 6, wherein the guide portion comprises a first circular plate and a second circular plate concentrically arranged, a plurality of webs are provided between the first circular plate and the second circular plate, and both ends of the plurality of webs are respectively connected to the first circular plate and the second circular plate; one side edges of the webs are connected, and the webs extend along the radial direction; the cone end is arranged on the first circular plate, one end of the second circular plate is concentrically provided with a cylinder, and the insertion hole is arranged on the cylinder.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the cylinder has a radial dimension less than a radial dimension of the first and second circular plates, and the web has a width equal to a radius of the first and second circular plates.

10. An apparatus for assembling an axle box bearing of an axle box built-in bogie for performing the method for assembling an axle box bearing of an axle box built-in bogie according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus comprises a support tool for axially supporting the axle box body to which the seal ring and the axle box rear cover are press-fitted, the support tool comprises an annular base body, and a plurality of support blocks are circumferentially distributed on an upper end surface of the annular base body.