CN113769572A - High-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process - Google Patents
High-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113769572A CN113769572A CN202111140129.9A CN202111140129A CN113769572A CN 113769572 A CN113769572 A CN 113769572A CN 202111140129 A CN202111140129 A CN 202111140129A CN 113769572 A CN113769572 A CN 113769572A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000590020 Achromobacter Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000605222 Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000588986 Alcaligenes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000588881 Chromobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000605268 Thiobacillus thioparus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000605272 Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001902 chlorine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
- B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: sending the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, and cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger; step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber, and pollutants in the waste gas are discharged after being purified by the microorganisms; step three: humidifying the waste gas, then introducing the waste gas into a biological filter bed, transferring pollutants in the waste gas from a gas phase to the surface of a biological membrane, purifying the pollutants by microorganisms, and then discharging the pollutants. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the environmental condition and the operation condition of the microorganism are easy to control, the secondary pollution is not easy to occur, and the purification effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flue gas treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process.
Background
China is the largest coal producing country and consuming country in the world, coal accounts for about 75% of energy demand in China, sulfur, chlorine and nitrogen oxides generated by coal combustion are main pollution sources of air pollution, and besides acid rain is formed, photochemical smog can be formed by destroying the ecological environment, and the photochemical smog is harmful to human health, and large-scale power station boilers and numerous industrial boilers are main emission sources.
The desulfurization and denitrification integrated technology widely used at home and abroad at present is mainly wet flue gas desulfurization. The wet flue gas desulfurization is usually carried out by a calcium method using lime or limestone, the desulfurization efficiency is more than 90%, and the wet flue gas desulfurization has the defects of huge engineering, high initial investment and operation cost and easy formation of secondary pollution. When the temperature of the selective catalytic reduction denitration reaction is 250-450 ℃, the denitration rate can reach 70% -90%. The technology is mature and reliable, and is widely applied in the world, particularly in developed countries, but the process equipment investment is large, the flue gas needs to be preheated, the catalyst is expensive and has short service life, and meanwhile, the problems of ammonia leakage, easy corrosion of equipment and the like exist. The selective non-catalytic reduction temperature area is 870-1200 ℃, and the denitration rate is less than 50%. The disadvantages are large investment of process equipment, need of preheating treatment of flue gas, easy corrosion of equipment and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a high-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a high-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, and cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger;
step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber, and pollutants in the waste gas are discharged after being purified by the microorganisms;
step three: humidifying the waste gas, then introducing the waste gas into a biological filter bed, transferring pollutants in the waste gas from a gas phase to the surface of a biological membrane, purifying the pollutants by microorganisms, and then discharging the pollutants.
Further, the liquid-phase strain of the denitrifier in the second step is one or more of achromobacter, alcaligenes, bacillus, chromobacterium and corynebacterium, and the desulfurizing bacteria of the desulfurizing agent liquid phase is one of vibrio desulfurizati, thiobacillus thiooxidans and thiobacillus ferrooxidans.
Further, the biological scrubber in the second step is a spray tower or a bubble tower.
Further, the temperature of the exhaust gas cooled by the heat exchanger in the step one is below 30 ℃.
Furthermore, the biological filter bed consists of a filter material bed layer, a gravel layer and a porous air distribution pipe, wherein the porous air distribution pipe is arranged in the gravel layer, and the filter material bed layer is filled with bioactive fillers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: using suitable denitrifying bacteria to remove NO by using NOx as nitrogen source under the condition of external carbon sourcexReduction to the most substantially harmless N2The denitrifying bacteria can grow and propagate; the sulfur oxides in the flue gas are removed by utilizing the metabolism process of the chemoautotrophic microorganisms to SOx, and pollutants in an oxidation state such as SO are removed in the biological desulfurization process2And sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate are reduced by microorganisms to generate elemental sulfur and are removed.
The environmental condition and the operation condition of the microorganism are easy to control, the secondary pollution is not easy to occur, and the purification effect is good.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The flue gas of the following examples is from simulated flue gas generated by a gas generating device, and the simulated flue gas is firstly introduced into a mixing device to mix the simulated flue gas with air before entering the synchronous desulfurization and denitrification treatment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger, and controlling the temperature of the waste gas at 40 ℃;
step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase is selected from alcaligenes, the desulfurizer liquid phase is selected from thiobacillus ferrooxidans, waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber, the biological scrubber is selected from a spray tower, and the spraying amount is 80m3/(m2H), the reaction time is 36 h;
step three: humidifying the waste gas, enabling the waste gas to enter a biological filter bed after the humidity reaches 20-30%, filling spherical-like ceramsite with the diameter of 1-1.5 cm into a filter material bed layer of the biological filter bed, transferring pollutants in the waste gas from a gas phase to the surface of a biological membrane, purifying the pollutants by microorganisms, and then discharging the pollutants.
As a result: detecting the concentration of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the outlet waste gas after running for 1 period; through detection, the removal rate of the sulfur dioxide concentration is 90-95%; the removal rate of the nitrogen oxide is 70-90%.
Example two:
the method comprises the following steps: conveying the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger, and controlling the temperature of the waste gas at 30 ℃;
step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase is Achromobacter, the desulfurizer liquid phase is vibrio desulfurization, waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber, the biological scrubber is selected from a spray tower, and the spraying amount is 50m3/(m2H), the reaction time is 24 h;
step three: humidifying the waste gas, enabling the waste gas to enter a biological filter bed after the humidity reaches 20-30%, filling materials filled in a filter material bed layer of the biological filter bed are made of porous acid-resistant plastic materials with the diameter of 80-100mm, and discharging pollutants in the waste gas after the pollutants are transferred to the surface of a biological membrane from a gas phase and purified by microorganisms.
As a result: detecting the concentration of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the outlet waste gas after running for 1 period; through detection, the removal rate of the sulfur dioxide concentration is 95-100%; the removal rate of the nitrogen oxide is 80-96%.
Comparative example:
the method comprises the following steps: conveying the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger, and controlling the temperature of the waste gas at 30 ℃;
step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase is Achromobacter, the desulfurizer liquid phase is vibrio desulfori, waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber and then discharged, the biological scrubber is a spray tower, the spraying amount is 50m3/(m2 h), and the reaction time is 24.
As a result: detecting the concentration of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the outlet waste gas after running for 1 period; through detection, the removal rate of the sulfur dioxide concentration is 70-85%; the removal rate of the nitrogen oxide is 60-80%.
In the technical scheme, the biological filter bed is additionally arranged in the spraying of the biological agent, and the results of the examples 1-2 and the comparative example 1 show that the desulfurization and denitrification effects are better, and the waste gas purification is more thorough.
The present invention and the embodiments thereof have been described above, but the description is not limited thereto, and the embodiments shown in the examples are only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sending the waste gas containing sulfur and nitrogen to a dust removal device by a fan for dust removal, and cooling the waste gas after dust removal by using a heat exchanger;
step two: respectively enabling microorganisms and nutrient ingredients thereof to exist in a liquid phase to form a denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and a desulfurizer liquid phase, wherein the denitrogenation microbial inoculum liquid phase and the desulfurizer liquid phase form a composite microbial inoculum, the waste gas is fully contacted with the composite microbial inoculum in a biological scrubber, and pollutants in the waste gas are discharged after being purified by the microorganisms;
step three: humidifying the waste gas, then introducing the waste gas into a biological filter bed, transferring pollutants in the waste gas from a gas phase to the surface of a biological membrane, purifying the pollutants by microorganisms, then discharging the pollutants, and spraying the pollutants above the biological filter bed.
2. The desulfurization and denitrification process of the high-efficiency biological agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the liquid-phase strain of the denitrifier is one or more of achromobacter, alcaligenes, bacillus, chromobacterium and corynebacterium, and the desulfurizing bacteria of the desulfurizing agent liquid phase is one of vibrio desulfurizati, thiobacillus thioparus and thiobacillus ferrooxidans.
3. The desulfurization and denitrification process of the high-efficiency biological agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, the biological scrubber is a spray tower or a bubble tower.
4. The desulfurization and denitrification process of the high-efficiency biological agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the waste gas cooled by the heat exchanger in the step one is below 30 ℃.
5. The desulfurization and denitrification process of the high-efficiency biological agent as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the biological filter bed consists of a filter material bed layer, a gravel layer and a porous air distribution pipe, wherein the porous air distribution pipe is arranged in the gravel layer, and the filter material bed layer is filled with bioactive fillers.
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CN202111140129.9A CN113769572A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | High-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process |
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CN202111140129.9A CN113769572A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | High-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process |
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CN202111140129.9A Withdrawn CN113769572A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | High-efficiency biological agent desulfurization and denitrification process |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114515501A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Sulfur circulation and complexing agent regeneration-based complexing absorption NO synchronous denitrification method |
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2021
- 2021-09-28 CN CN202111140129.9A patent/CN113769572A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114515501A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Sulfur circulation and complexing agent regeneration-based complexing absorption NO synchronous denitrification method |
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