CN113769259A - 一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵 - Google Patents

一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵 Download PDF

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CN113769259A
CN113769259A CN202111120153.6A CN202111120153A CN113769259A CN 113769259 A CN113769259 A CN 113769259A CN 202111120153 A CN202111120153 A CN 202111120153A CN 113769259 A CN113769259 A CN 113769259A
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permanent magnet
rotor
rotor impeller
impeller
blood pump
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唐雨萌
谢楠
柳阳威
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Beihang University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/10Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
    • A61M60/104Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
    • A61M60/109Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
    • A61M60/113Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/20Type thereof
    • A61M60/205Non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/216Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
    • A61M60/237Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly axial components, e.g. axial flow pumps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/30Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
    • A61M60/36Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
    • A61M60/38Blood oxygenation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/419Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/40Details relating to driving
    • A61M60/403Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/422Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/802Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
    • A61M60/804Impellers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M60/00Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
    • A61M60/80Constructional details other than related to driving
    • A61M60/845Constructional details other than related to driving of extracorporeal blood pumps

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,包括:进口管、转子叶轮泵壳、出口管,具有永磁体套筒及螺旋式转子叶片的转子叶轮;通过将永磁体组件内置于永磁体套筒中,减小了永磁体组件与血泵外电磁控制系统的距离,便于电磁控制系统对转子叶轮的控制;螺旋式转子叶片及后导锥结构有助于减小血泵出流的脉动强度;所采用的回流狭缝结构实现了转子叶轮与静止的转子叶轮泵壳间的血液冲洗;与传统的轴流血泵相比,本发明有效降低了转子叶片与转子叶轮泵壳之间的相互作用,抑制了溶血,降低了血栓形成风险,提高了血泵的运转稳定性。

Description

一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵
技术领域
本发明涉及人工心脏泵技术领域,尤其涉及一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵。
背景技术
重症爆发性心肌炎、急性心功能衰竭、急性心肌梗塞等疾病或者心脏外科手术后均可能导致组织器官供血不足,严重的甚至会引发心脏骤停。体外膜肺氧合技术能够较好的应对上述情况,其核心装置是人工血泵和人工肺,但人工血泵中往往存在严重的溶血和血栓,导致患者出现诸多并发症,增加患者的死亡风险。现有商业化轴流血泵大多采用机械支撑轴承以保证转子叶轮的稳定运转,由于存在高速旋转导致的轴承磨损、摩擦热,以及密封装置易污染血液等问题,在机械轴承处及高剪切应力区域易出现血栓及溶血,严重危害患者的生命安全。改进血泵流道设计使之能效降低血泵内剪切应力,进而减少溶血和血栓等血液相容性问题对提升血泵性能具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,可搭配人工肺等装置提供体外短中期循环支持,改善现有技术所面临的血液相容性问题并降低患者并发症与死亡率。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,包括:透明泵壳组件和转子叶轮;所述透明泵壳组件的材质为聚氨酯;所述透明泵壳组件包括进口管,转子叶轮泵壳及出口管;所述转子叶轮位于所述透明泵壳组件内,所述转子叶轮和所述透明泵壳组件的侧边布置有回流狭缝,所述回流狭缝的宽度为0.5至1.5毫米;所述转子叶轮包括转子叶片、前导锥、转子叶轮轴、后导锥、永磁体套筒与永磁体组件,其中,所述永磁体组件内置于所述永磁体套筒中;所述永磁体套筒为等厚度圆管,永磁体套筒的棱边采取倒圆处理;所述转子叶片为螺旋式,共四片,交替等间隔分布于所述永磁体套筒与所述转子叶轮轴之间;所述永磁体组件包括位于所述永磁体套筒内的前轴向环形永磁体、径向环形永磁体及后轴向环形永磁体,其中,所述前轴向环形永磁体和所述后轴向环形永磁体用于所述转子叶轮的轴向定位,所述径向环形永磁体用于所述转子叶轮的径向定位;所述转子叶片的来流侧设置有转子叶片前缘,所述转子叶片的尾部设置有转子叶片尾缘,所述转子叶片前缘和所述转子叶片尾缘均经过倒圆处理。
进一步,所述透明泵壳组件的内表面以及所述转子叶轮的表面喷涂有抗凝涂层以降低血小板激活凝结形成血栓的风险。
进一步,所述进口管、所述转子叶轮轴和所述出口管的直径相等,均为10至12毫米,所述转子叶轮泵壳的直径为20毫米,所述永磁体套筒的轴向长度为25毫米,所述转子叶片的轴向长度为22毫米,所述前导锥与所述后导锥的型线圆滑过渡到所述转子叶轮轴,所述前导锥的轴向尺寸为10至12毫米,所述后导锥的轴向尺寸为15至18毫米。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明所提供的一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,采用螺旋式转子叶片以及后导锥结构有效减小了血泵出流的脉动强度,为人工肺提供了较好的来流条件;本发明所采用的包含永磁体套筒的转子叶轮,与传统的转子叶轮相比,有效降低了转子叶片与转子叶轮泵壳之间的相互作用,抑制了溶血,降低了血栓形成风险,克服了传统设计中轴流血泵转子依靠机械轴承固定轴向和径向位置,易在机械轴承处产生血栓的缺陷;本发明所采用的回流狭缝结构实现了转子叶轮与静止的转子叶轮泵壳间的血液冲洗,有效降低了血栓形成风险;本发明所采用的内置于永磁体套筒内的永磁体组件与透明泵壳组件外侧布置的电磁控制系统距离更近,增强了电磁控制系统对转子叶轮的控制效果,提高了血泵的运转稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本发明装置的剖视图;
图2为本发明装置的主视图;
图3位本发明装置的左视图;
图4为本发明装置的右视图;
图5为本发明中不包含永磁体套筒的转子叶轮示意图;
图6为本发明中永磁体套筒示意图;
图7为本发明装置的内部流动示意图;
其中,1:透明泵壳组件;2:转子叶轮;3:进口管;4:转子叶轮泵壳;5:出口管;6:回流狭缝;7:转子叶片;8:前导锥;9:转子叶轮轴;10:后导锥;11:永磁体套筒;12:永磁体组件;13:前轴向环形永磁体;14:径向环形永磁体;15:后轴向环形永磁体;16:转子叶片前缘;17:转子叶片尾缘。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述,所举实例只用于说明本发明,并非用于限制本发明的范围。
如图1、图2所示,一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,包括:透明泵壳组件1和转子叶轮2;透明泵壳组件1的材质为聚氨酯;透明泵壳组件1包括进口管3,转子叶轮泵壳4及出口管5,其中,进口管3与转子叶轮泵壳4之间光滑过渡,转子叶轮泵壳4与出口管5之间光滑过渡,有效防止了流动分离,并为转子叶轮2提供了良好的来流、出流条件;转子叶轮2位于透明泵壳组件1内,转子叶轮2和透明泵壳组件1的侧边布置有回流狭缝6,回流狭缝6的宽度为0.5至1.5毫米,血液在回流狭缝6中的流动受转子叶轮2的上游和下游间压差的影响,在临床应用工况,对回流狭缝6形成了有效的冲洗,减小了此处发生血栓的风险;转子叶轮2包括转子叶片7、前导锥8、转子叶轮轴9、后导锥10、永磁体套筒11与永磁体组件12,其中,永磁体组件12内置于永磁体套筒11中;永磁体套筒11为等厚度圆管,永磁体套筒11的棱边采取倒圆处理,减少了血流发生流动分离的风险,增强了血液相容性;转子叶片7为螺旋式,共四片,交替等间隔分布于永磁体套筒11与转子叶轮轴9之间;永磁体组件12包括位于永磁体套筒11内的前轴向环形永磁体13、径向环形永磁体14及后轴向环形永磁体15,其中,前轴向环形永磁体13和后轴向环形永磁体15用于转子叶轮2的轴向定位,径向环形永磁体14用于转子叶轮2的径向定位,共同保证了转子叶轮2的稳定旋转,避免了由于转子叶轮2产生旋转振荡而导致的溶血;转子叶片7的来流侧设置有转子叶片前缘16,转子叶片7的尾部设置有转子叶片尾缘17,转子叶片前缘16和转子叶片尾缘17均经过倒圆处理,以减弱转子叶片7对血液的刮削作用,减少血液损伤。
透明泵壳组件1的内表面以及转子叶轮2的表面喷涂有抗凝涂层以降低血小板激活凝结形成血栓的风险。
如图3、图4所示,进口管3、转子叶轮轴9和出口管5的直径相等,均为10至12毫米,转子叶轮泵壳4的直径为20毫米,永磁体套筒11的轴向长度为25毫米,转子叶片7的轴向尺寸为22毫米,如图5所示,前导锥8与后导锥10的型线圆滑过渡到转子叶轮轴9,前导锥8的轴向尺寸为10至12毫米,后导锥10的轴向尺寸为15至18毫米,后导锥10通过调控过流通道面积使得血流平缓流出血泵。
特别地,如图7所示,血液由进口管3流入血泵,在前导锥8的引流作用下流入转子叶轮2,在转子叶轮2的旋转作用下增速增压后,通过后导锥10与转子叶轮泵壳4之间的过流通道流入出口管5,并由出口管5流出血泵;少部分血液流出转子叶轮2后,在转子叶轮2的上游和下游间压差的作用下,通过回流狭缝6回流至转子叶轮2前侧,实现转子叶轮2与静止的转子叶轮泵壳4间的血液冲洗,进而降低血栓形成风险。
实施例一:临床稳定循环工况
在临床应用时,本发明的体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵外部接有泵外电磁控制系统,转子叶轮2的旋转受泵外的电磁系统控制,位于永磁体套筒11中的前轴向环形永磁体13、径向环形永磁体14及后轴向环形永磁体15均由相应的电磁来控制。通过控制前轴向环形永磁体13及后轴向环形永磁体15控制转子叶轮2的轴向位置,通过控制径向环形永磁体14控制转子叶轮2的径向位置,共同保证转子叶轮2稳定旋转。
在稳定循环工况,血液由进口管3流入血泵,在前导锥8的引流作用下流入转子叶轮2,血液在转子叶轮2的旋转作用下增速增压后,流经后导锥10以及出口管5流出血泵。少部分血液受转子叶轮2上游和下游压差的影响,流入回流狭缝6并回流至转子叶轮2前侧,在转子叶轮2前侧与进口来流汇合,重新流入转子叶轮2,实现转子叶轮2与静止的转子叶轮泵壳4间的血液冲洗,有效降低血栓形成风险,提升血液相容性。
实施例二:撤机状态
在撤机状态,本发明的一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵维持实施例一中的模拟过程,通过监测人体循环体征,逐步降低转子叶轮2的转速,逐级减少血流量,直至血流量为零;在人体完全恢复自主循环后,移除血泵,完成撤机。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,其特征在于,包括:透明泵壳组件(1)和转子叶轮(2);所述透明泵壳组件(1)的材质为聚氨酯;所述透明泵壳组件(1)包括进口管(3),转子叶轮泵壳(4)及出口管(5);所述转子叶轮(2)位于所述透明泵壳组件(1)内,所述转子叶轮(2)和所述透明泵壳组件(1)的侧边布置有回流狭缝(6),所述回流狭缝(6)的宽度为0.5至1.5毫米;所述转子叶轮(2)包括转子叶片(7)、前导锥(8)、转子叶轮轴(9)、后导锥(10)、永磁体套筒(11)与永磁体组件(12),其中,所述永磁体组件(12)内置于所述永磁体套筒(11)中;所述永磁体套筒(11)为等厚度圆管,永磁体套筒(11)的棱边采取倒圆处理;所述转子叶片(7)为螺旋式,共四片,交替等间隔分布于所述永磁体套筒(11)与所述转子叶轮轴(9)之间;所述永磁体组件(12)包括位于所述永磁体套筒(11)内的前轴向环形永磁体(13)、径向环形永磁体(14)及后轴向环形永磁体(15),其中,所述前轴向环形永磁体(13)和所述后轴向环形永磁体(15)用于所述转子叶轮(2)的轴向定位,所述径向环形永磁体(14)用于所述转子叶轮(2)的径向定位;所述转子叶片(7)的来流侧设置有转子叶片前缘(16),所述转子叶片(7)的尾部设置有转子叶片尾缘(17),所述转子叶片前缘(16)和所述转子叶片尾缘(17)均经过倒圆处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,其特征在于,所述透明泵壳组件(1)的内表面以及所述转子叶轮(2)的表面喷涂有抗凝涂层以降低血小板激活凝结形成血栓的风险。
3.根据权利要求1至2所述的一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵,其特征在于,所述进口管(3)、所述转子叶轮轴(9)和所述出口管(5)的直径相等,均为10至12毫米,所述转子叶轮泵壳(4)的直径为20毫米,所述永磁体套筒(11)的轴向长度为25毫米,所述转子叶片(7)的轴向长度为22毫米,所述前导锥(8)与所述后导锥(10)的型线圆滑过渡到所述转子叶轮轴(9),所述前导锥(8)的轴向尺寸为10至12毫米,所述后导锥(10)的轴向尺寸为15至18毫米。
CN202111120153.6A 2021-09-24 2021-09-24 一种体外循环磁悬浮轴流血泵 Pending CN113769259A (zh)

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CN114392476A (zh) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-26 上海炫脉医疗科技有限公司 一种高温超导磁悬浮轴流式血泵

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103083742A (zh) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-08 江苏大学 一种低血损的微型轴流式人工心脏
CN105688298A (zh) * 2016-01-13 2016-06-22 山东大学 新式内叶轮轴流式血泵

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103083742A (zh) * 2013-01-18 2013-05-08 江苏大学 一种低血损的微型轴流式人工心脏
CN105688298A (zh) * 2016-01-13 2016-06-22 山东大学 新式内叶轮轴流式血泵

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114392476A (zh) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-26 上海炫脉医疗科技有限公司 一种高温超导磁悬浮轴流式血泵
CN114392476B (zh) * 2022-01-17 2024-02-06 上海炫脉医疗科技有限公司 一种高温超导磁悬浮轴流式血泵

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Application publication date: 20211210