CN113767615B - Imaging device including wide-angle imaging lens system and large image sensor - Google Patents
Imaging device including wide-angle imaging lens system and large image sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113767615B CN113767615B CN202080006646.4A CN202080006646A CN113767615B CN 113767615 B CN113767615 B CN 113767615B CN 202080006646 A CN202080006646 A CN 202080006646A CN 113767615 B CN113767615 B CN 113767615B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
- G02B9/60—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having five components only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
- G02B9/62—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having six components only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
Abstract
The application relates to an imaging apparatus (100) for capturing an image. An imaging device (100) comprises a first set of optical elements (105) located on an optical axis of the imaging device (100), wherein the first set of optical elements (105) comprises a plurality of lenses (110, 120, 130) and defines an aperture stop (170) of the imaging device (100). Further, the imaging device (100) comprises an image sensor (160) and a second set of optical elements (140) located between the image sensor (160) and the first set of optical elements (105) on the optical axis. The second set of optical elements (140) includes a flat field lens (141) having a concave aspheric front surface. The plurality of lenses of the first set of optical elements (105) includes a first set of lenses (110) and a second set of lenses (120), the first set of lenses (110) defining achromatic lenses disposed in front of the aperture stop (170), the second set of lenses (120) disposed behind the aperture stop (170). The imaging apparatus (100) allows providing a wide-angle imaging lens system with a large image sensor for, for example, a camera of a mobile device such as a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates generally to optical imaging devices. More particularly, the present application relates to an optical imaging apparatus having a wide-angle imaging lens system and a large image sensor, for example, a camera for a mobile device such as a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like.
Background
Many smartphones include wide-angle imaging systems ("cameras") with a field of view (FOV) of about 60 to 90 degrees and a ratio of Total Track Length (TTL) to Effective Focal Length (EFL) greater than 1. Attempting to increase resolution by increasing the size of the image sensor results in an increase in EFL, thereby increasing the overall length of the imaging system. Accordingly, there is a need for an optical imaging system that allows the use of large image sensors (e.g., image sensors having a diameter of 1 inch or greater) while maintaining a short Total Track Length (TTL) of the camera, i.e., a TTL/EFL ratio of less than 1.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide an optical imaging apparatus having a wide-angle imaging lens system and a large image sensor, for example, a camera for a mobile device such as a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like.
Briefly, embodiments of the present application provide an imaging lens system for a camera in which a ratio of TTL/EFL can be reduced to a value smaller than 1 when the camera is in an inactive state. Accordingly, embodiments of the present application provide a compact camera module when the camera is in an inactive state. To use the camera, a first set of optical elements of the imaging system is moved away from the image sensor and along the optical axis to an active position such that the ratio TTL/EFL is greater than 1 to achieve high performance optical imaging. Thus, higher image quality can be obtained. When the camera is in an inactive state, the lens system is folded, thereby reducing the overall size of the imaging system. In addition, embodiments of the present application utilize an imprinted polymer layer or coating on one or both surfaces of at least one lens of the imaging system to facilitate lens centering and spacing and axial and tip or tilt alignment. Since the combination of the lens and the imprinted polymer layer has an achromatic function, the imprinted polymer layer can improve optical image quality and reduce TTL.
More specifically, according to a first aspect, an imaging apparatus for capturing an image is provided. An imaging device includes a first set of optical elements positioned on an optical axis of the imaging device, wherein the first set of optical elements includes a plurality of lenses and defines an aperture stop of the imaging device. Further, the imaging device includes an image sensor and a second set of optical elements located between the image sensor and the first set of optical elements on the optical axis. The second set of optical elements includes a flat field lens having a concave aspheric front surface. The plurality of lenses of the first set of optical elements includes a first set of lenses defining an achromatic lens located in front of the aperture stop and a second set of lenses located behind the aperture stop. Therefore, the imaging device has a wide-angle imaging lens system that allows a large image sensor.
In this application, when referring to an optical element that transmits light, the words "front" and "rear" refer to the entrance and exit sides of the optical element, respectively. Light enters the optical element from the front and leaves the optical element from the rear. The lens has an anterior surface and a posterior surface. Light (e.g., from an object) enters the lens through the front surface and exits the lens (e.g., toward the image sensor) through the back surface.
In another possible embodiment, the first set of optical elements includes an aperture defining an aperture stop. Alternatively, the aperture stop may be defined "virtually" by a plurality of lenses of the first set of optical elements.
In another possible embodiment, the front and back surface shapes of the field flattener lens are used to correct field curvature aberrations. Advantageously, this allows to guarantee a suitable field curvature aberration even if there is a tilt error of the first set of optical elements.
In another possible embodiment, the front and back surface shapes of the field flattener lens are used to provide an incident chief ray angle between-30 ° and +30 °, i.e., less than |30| ° (relative to the surface normal of the front and back surfaces of the field flattener lens). Advantageously, this allows to guarantee a suitable field curvature aberration even if tilt errors of the first set of optical elements are present.
In another possible embodiment, the imaging device comprises a group drive for moving the first group of optical elements along the optical axis between an active position and an inactive position for adjusting the distance d between the first group of optical elements and the second group of optical elements. Advantageously, this allows for a compact imaging system in the inactive position, while providing improved image quality in the active position.
In another possible embodiment, the first set of optical elements has a distance d along the optical axis from the second set of optical elements, wherein the ratio of the distance d to the image height is in the range of 0.4 to 0.8 in the active position of the first set of optical elements.
In another possible embodiment, the imaging device comprises a Near-infrared cut-off filter (NIR filter) and/or a cover glass arranged between the second set of optical elements and the image sensor, i.e. in front of the image sensor. Advantageously, this allows to protect the image sensor by the cover glass and to provide a more realistic color reproduction of the image by blocking light outside the visible spectral range by means of NIR filters.
In another possible embodiment, the aperture value of the imaging device, i.e. the F/# is between 2.4 and 1.6. Thus, advantageously, the imaging device allows to provide good imaging performance even in low light conditions, as well as a larger possible Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) due to the improved diffraction limit.
In another possible embodiment, the plurality of lenses of the first set of optical elements have a net aperture diameter of less than 10 mm. Therefore, advantageously, the imaging device can have a compact form factor.
In another possible embodiment, the distance between the second set of optical elements and the image sensor is less than 0.6mm.
In another possible embodiment, the first set of lenses in which the achromatic lenses are defined comprises a glass lens having an embossed polymer layer on either the front or rear surface thereof, wherein the embossed polymer layer has an aspheric shape, and wherein the aspheric shape of the embossed polymer layer is different from the shape of the front or rear surface of the glass lens. Due to the different shapes, the embossed polymer layer may act as an additional lens with a different index of refraction than a glass lens.
In another possible embodiment, the glass lens comprises a lens having a first refractive index P 1 And a first dispersion coefficient V 1 And the imprinted polymer layer comprises a first material having a second optical refractive index P 2 And a second coefficient of dispersion V 2 Of a second material of (2), wherein V 2 ·P 1 +V 1 ·P 2 Approximately equal to 0.
In another possible embodiment, the glass lens has a concave aspherical surface on the side facing the imprint polymer layer. Additionally or alternatively, the imprint polymer layer has a concave aspherical surface on a side opposite to a side facing the glass lens.
In another possible embodiment, the imprinted polymer layer includes mechanical interlocking means for aligning the glass lens and/or the first set of lenses. Advantageously, this allows the glass lens and/or the first set of lenses to be aligned with one of more lenses along the optical path and/or the image sensor.
In another possible embodiment, the focal length of the glass lens and the focal length of the imprinted polymer layer have different signs, i.e. one focal length is larger than zero and the other is smaller than zero.
In another possible embodiment, the glass lens has a refractive index greater than 1.58 and the imprinted polymer layer has a refractive index less than 1.58. Here and hereinafter, the refractive index and the dispersion coefficient are defined for an exemplary reference wavelength 587,56nm.
In another possible embodiment, the glass lens has an Abbe number less than 45 and the imprinted polymer layer has an Abbe number greater than 45.
In another possible embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the glass lens to the focal length of the imprinted polymer layer is in a range between 1.5 and 2.5.
In another possible embodiment, the first set of optical elements includes a third set of lenses disposed between the first set of lenses and the aperture stop, wherein the third set of lenses has a positive refractive index.
In another possible embodiment including a third set of lenses, the glass lenses have a refractive index less than 1.58 and the imprinted polymer layer has a refractive index greater than 1.58.
In another possible embodiment including a third set of lenses, the glass lens has an abbe number greater than 45 and the imprinted polymer layer has an abbe number less than 45.
In another possible embodiment comprising a third set of lenses, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the glass lens to the focal length of the imprinted polymer layer is less than 1.
In another possible embodiment, the first set of lenses defining the achromatic lenses includes a first lens and a second lens, wherein the first lens of the first set of lenses has a positive refractive index and the second lens of the first set of lenses has a negative refractive index, or wherein the first lens of the first set of lenses has a negative refractive index and the second lens of the first set of lenses has a positive refractive index.
In another possible embodiment, a first lens of the first set of lenses has a refractive index greater than 1.58 and a second lens of the first set of lenses has a refractive index less than 1.58.
In another possible embodiment, a first lens of the first set of lenses has an Abbe number less than 45 and a second lens of the first set of lenses has an Abbe number greater than 45.
In another possible embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first set of lenses to the focal length of the second lens of the first set of lenses is in a range between 1.5 and 2.5.
In another possible embodiment of the first lens and the second lens comprising the first set of lenses, the first set of optical elements comprises a third set of lenses arranged between the first set of lenses and the aperture stop, wherein the third set of lenses has a positive refractive index.
In another possible embodiment including the first and second lenses of the first set and the third set, the first lens of the first set has a refractive index less than 1.58 and the second lens of the first set has a refractive index greater than 1.58.
In another possible embodiment including the first and second lenses of the first set and the third set of lenses, the first lens of the first set has an abbe number greater than 45 and the second lens of the first set has an abbe number less than 45.
In another possible embodiment of the first and second lenses and the third lens set comprising the first set of lenses, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the first set of lenses and the focal length of the second lens of the first set of lenses is less than 1.
In another possible embodiment that does not include a third set of lenses, the second set of lenses includes a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens, wherein the third lens of the second set of lenses is disposed closer to the second group of optical elements than the first lens of the second set of lenses and the second lens of the second set of lenses is disposed between the first lens and the third lens of the second set of lenses, wherein the first lens of the second set of lenses has a positive refractive index, the second lens of the second set of lenses has a negative refractive index, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has a positive refractive index.
In another possible embodiment, which does not comprise a third set of lenses, the third lens of the second set of lenses has a convex aspherical surface on the side facing the second group of optical elements.
In another possible embodiment that does not include a third set of lenses, the first lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index less than 1.58, the second lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index less than 1.58.
In another possible embodiment that does not include a third set of lenses, the first lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number greater than 45, the second lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number less than 45, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number greater than 45.
In another possible embodiment not comprising the third set of lenses, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second set of lenses and the focal length of the second lens of the second set of lenses is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and/or the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens of the second set of lenses and the focal length of the third lens of the second set of lenses is in a range between 1 and 2.
In another possible embodiment including a third set of lenses, the second set of lenses includes a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens, wherein the third lens of the second set of lenses is disposed closer to the second group of optical elements than the first lens of the second set of lenses, and the second lens of the second set of lenses is disposed between the first lens and the third lens of the second set of lenses, wherein the first lens of the second set of lenses has a negative refractive index, the second lens of the second set of lenses has a negative refractive index, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has a positive refractive index.
In a further possible embodiment, the third lens of the second set of lenses has a convex aspherical surface on the side facing the second group of optical elements.
In another possible embodiment including a third set of lenses, the first lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index greater than 1.58, the second lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has a refractive index less than 1.58.
In another possible embodiment including a third set of lenses, the first lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number less than 45, the second lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number less than 45, and the third lens of the second set of lenses has an abbe number greater than 45.
In another possible embodiment comprising a third set of lenses, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens of the second set of lenses to the focal length of the second lens of the second set of lenses is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and/or wherein the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens of the second set of lenses to the focal length of the third lens of the second set of lenses is in a range between 1 and 5.
According to another aspect, there is provided an electronic device, for example, a smartphone, a tablet computer, or the like, including the imaging apparatus according to the first aspect.
The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below.
Drawings
In the following examples, the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an imaging apparatus according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2a is a graph showing the multi-color Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance of the imaging apparatus of FIG. 1 for different FOVs;
FIG. 2b is a graph showing lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging apparatus of FIG. 1 for different wavelengths;
FIG. 2c is a graph illustrating distortion of the imaging device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2d is a graph showing the multi-color through focus MTF performance of the imaging apparatus of FIG. 1 for different FOVs;
FIG. 2e is a table listing exemplary lens parameters of the imaging device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2f is a table listing aspheric coefficients of the imaging device of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a diagram showing an imaging apparatus according to another embodiment;
FIG. 4a is a graph showing the polychromatic Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance for different FOVs by the imaging apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4b is a graph showing lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging apparatus of FIG. 3 for different wavelengths;
FIG. 4c is a graph illustrating distortion of the imaging device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4d is a graph showing the polychromatic through focus MTF performance for different FOVs by the imaging apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4e is a table listing exemplary lens parameters of the imaging device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4f is a table listing aspheric coefficients for the imaging device of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing an imaging apparatus according to another embodiment;
fig. 6a is a graph showing the multi-color Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance of the imaging apparatus of fig. 5 for different FOVs;
FIG. 6b is a graph illustrating lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging device of FIG. 5 for different wavelengths;
FIG. 6c is a graph illustrating distortion of the imaging device of FIG. 5;
FIG. 6d is a graph showing the polychromatic through focus MTF performance for different FOVs by the imaging apparatus of FIG. 5;
FIG. 6e is a table listing exemplary lens parameters of the imaging device of FIG. 5;
FIG. 6f is a table listing aspheric coefficients for the imaging device of FIG. 5; and
fig. 7a and 7b are schematic cross-sectional views of different embodiments of an embossed achromatic lens of an imaging device according to an embodiment.
In the following, the same reference numerals indicate identical or at least functionally equivalent features.
Detailed Description
In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific aspects of embodiments of the application or which may be used. It should be understood that embodiments of the present application may be used in other respects, and include structural or logical changes not depicted in the figures.
For example, it should be understood that the disclosure in connection with the described methods also applies to the corresponding devices or systems configured to perform the methods, and vice versa. For example, if one or more particular method steps are described, a corresponding apparatus may comprise one or more units, e.g., functional units, to perform the described one or more method steps (e.g., one unit performs one or more steps, or multiple units each perform one or more of the steps), even if such one or more units are not explicitly described or shown in the figures. On the other hand, for example, if a particular apparatus is described based on one or more units (e.g., functional units), the corresponding method may include one step of performing the function of the one or more units (e.g., one step of performing the function of the one or more units, or multiple steps of each performing the function of one or more of the plurality of units), even if such one or more steps are not explicitly described or shown in the figures. Furthermore, it should be understood that features of the various exemplary embodiments and/or aspects described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an image forming apparatus 100 according to an embodiment. In one embodiment, the imaging device is provided in the form of a camera to an electronic device such as a smartphone, tablet computer, or the like.
The imaging device 100 includes a first set of optical elements 105 on an optical axis. The first group of optical elements 105 includes a plurality of lenses, i.e., in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a first set or group of lenses 110 and a second set or group of lenses 130, and defines an aperture stop 170 of the imaging device 100. The first set of lenses 110 define an achromatic lens and are arranged in front of the aperture stop 170, while the second set of lenses 130 are arranged behind the aperture stop 170. As can be appreciated, the spatial relationship between the various optical elements of the imaging device 100, such as the first and second sets of lenses 110 and 130 (which move left to right through the imaging device 100 in fig. 1) located in front of and behind the aperture stop 170 is defined herein with respect to the path of light through the imaging device 100 along the optical axis. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first set of lenses 110 defining achromatic lenses includes a first lens 111a and a second lens 113a. In one embodiment, the first lens 111a has a positive refractive index and the second lens 113a has a negative refractive index, or vice versa. In one embodiment, the first lens 111a and/or the second lens 113a may comprise a plastic material. In one embodiment, the aperture stop 170 may be provided by an iris. In another embodiment, the aperture stop 170 may be defined "virtually" by a plurality of lenses of the first group of optical elements 105, such as the first set of lenses 110 and the second set of lenses 130 shown in FIG. 1.
Furthermore, the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 1 comprises an image sensor 160, said image sensor 160 being configured to convert incident light into one or more electrical signals and being arranged on the optical axis such that the second set of optical elements 140 is located between the image sensor 160 and the first set of optical elements 105, i.e. the first set of lenses 110 and the second set of lenses 130. As will be described in further detail below, the first set of optical elements 105 may be moved along the optical axis relative to the second set of optical elements 140 and the imaging sensor 160 to change the distance d between the first set of optical elements 105 and the second set of optical elements 140. The second set of optical elements 140 includes a flat field lens 141 having a concave aspheric front surface on the side opposite the image sensor 160. In one embodiment, the front and back surface shapes of the field flattener lens 141 are used to correct field curvature aberrations. Advantageously, this allows to guarantee a suitable field curvature aberration even if there is a tilt error of the first set of optical elements 105. In one embodiment, the front and back surface shapes of the field flattener lens 141 are used to provide an incident Chief Ray Angle (CRA) in the range of-30 ° to +30 °, i.e., less than |30| °, relative to the surface normals of the front and back surfaces of the field flattener lens 141.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the second set of lenses 130 includes a first lens 131, a second lens 133, and a third lens 135. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 has a positive refractive index, the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 has a negative refractive index, and the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has a positive refractive index. As can be seen from fig. 1, the third lenses 135 of the second set of lenses 130 may have convex aspheric surfaces on the exit side, i.e., the side facing the second group of optical elements 140 and the image sensor 160.
In one embodiment, the imaging device 100 comprises a group driver for moving the first group of optical elements 105, i.e. the first set of lenses 110 and the second set of lenses 130, and the aperture stop 170 along the optical axis between an active position and an inactive position to adjust the distance d between the first group of optical elements 105 and the second group of optical elements 140, including the first set of lenses 110 and the second set of lenses 130 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and thereby adjust the distance between the first group of optical elements 105 and the image sensor 160, said image sensor 160 being located at a fixed distance relative to the second group of optical elements 140. Advantageously, this allows for a compact imaging system in the inactive position, while providing improved image quality in the active position. In one embodiment, the distance d along the optical axis between the movable first set of optical elements 105 and the fixed second set of optical elements 140 is such that in the movable position of the first set of optical elements 105, i.e. in the use position of the imaging device 100, the ratio of the distance d to the image height is in the range of 0.4 to 0.8. In one embodiment, the fixed distance between the second set of optical elements 140, including the flat field lens 141, and the image sensor 160 is less than 0.6mm.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the imaging device 100 further comprises a near infrared cut filter and/or a cover glass 150 arranged between the second set of optical elements 140 and the image sensor 160, i.e. in front of the image sensor 160.
Fig. 2a to 2d show graphs of the optical performance of the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 1. More specifically, fig. 2a is a graph showing the multicolor Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance of the imaging apparatus of fig. 1 for different FOVs, fig. 2b is a graph showing the lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging apparatus of fig. 1 for different wavelengths, fig. 2c is a graph showing the distortion of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 1, and fig. 2d is a graph showing the multicolor MTF defocus performance of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 1 for different FOVs.
Fig. 2e shows a table listing exemplary lens parameters for the imaging device 100 of fig. 1, including surface type, radius, thickness, refractive index, abbe number, and conic constant for each lens, while fig. 2f shows a table listing aspheric coefficients for different lens surfaces for the imaging device 100 of fig. 1. Here and hereinafter, the refractive index and the dispersion coefficient are defined for an exemplary reference wavelength 587,56nm. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the surface numbering used in fig. 2e and 2f corresponds to the order of the lenses of the imaging device of fig. 1 from left to right, i.e. along the optical path. For example, the surfaces 2 and 3 identified in fig. 2e and 2f are the front or entrance surface and the back or exit surface, respectively, of the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110.
The profile of the depression height z (h) of the aspheric surfaces given in fig. 2e and 4e can be calculated by the following formula:
z(h)＝ch 2 /{1+[1-(k+1)c 2 h 2 ] 1/2 }+Ah 4 +Bh 6 +Ch 8 +Dh 10 +Eh 12 +Fh 14 +Gh 16
as shown in fig. 2F, where C is the radius of curvature, h is the lateral distance from the optical axis, k is the conic constant, and a, B, C, D, E, F, and G are aspheric coefficients.
TTL rest Is the total track length of the optical system 100 in its rest position. As given in fig. 2 e. Is roughly formed by TTL rest TTL-d gives
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110 has a refractive index less than 1.58. In one embodiment, the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 has an abbe number less than 45, while the second lens of the first set of lenses has an abbe number greater than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 to the focal length of the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110 is in a range between 1.5 and 2.5.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 has a refractive index less than 1.58, the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has a refractive index less than 1.58. In addition, the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number greater than 45, the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number less than 45, and the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number greater than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 to the focal length of the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 to the focal length of the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 is in a range between 1 and 2.
In one embodiment, the aperture value of the imaging apparatus 100, i.e., F/# is between 2.4 and 1.6. In one embodiment, the plurality of lenses of the first set of optical elements 105 have a net aperture diameter of less than 10 mm.
A variation of the imaging device 100 of fig. 1 is shown in fig. 3. The imaging device 100 shown in fig. 3 differs from the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 1 primarily in that the first set of lenses 110 defining the achromatic lenses includes a glass lens 111b having an imprinted polymer layer 113b on its front surface. In another embodiment, the imprint polymer layer 113b may be coated on the back surface or both surfaces of the glass lens 111b. In order to provide the achromatic function, the imprinting polymer layer 113b has an aspherical surface shape different from the front surface shape of the glass lens 111b. Due to the different surface shape, the imprinted polymer layer 113b may act as an additional lens having a different refractive index compared to the glass lens 111b.
In one embodiment, the glass lens 111b includes a glass having a first refractive index P 1 And a first dispersion coefficient V 1 The imprint polymer layer 113b includes a first material having a second optical refractive index P 2 And a second coefficient of dispersion V 2 Of a second material of (2), wherein V 2 ·P 1 +V 1 ·P 2 Approximately equal to 0. In one embodiment, the glass lens 111b has a concave aspherical surface on the side facing the imprint polymer layer 113b. Additionally or alternatively, the imprinted polymer layer 113b has a concave aspherical surface on a side opposite to a side facing the glass lens 111b. In one embodiment, the focal length of the glass lens 111b and the focal length of the imprinted polymer layer 113a have different signs, i.e., one focal length is greater than zero and the other is less than zero.
Fig. 4a to 4d show graphs of the optical performance of the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 3. More specifically, fig. 4a is a graph showing the polychromatic Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 3 for different FOVs, fig. 4b is a graph showing the lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 3 for different wavelengths, fig. 4c is a graph showing the distortion of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 3, and fig. 4d is a graph showing the polychromatic through-focus MTF performance of the imaging apparatus of fig. 3 for different FOVs.
Fig. 4e shows a table listing exemplary lens parameters for the imaging device 100 of fig. 3, including surface type, radius, thickness, refractive index, dispersion coefficient, and conic constant for each lens, while fig. 4f shows a table listing aspheric coefficients for different lens surfaces for the imaging device 100 of fig. 3.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the glass lens 111b may have a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the imprinted polymer layer 113b may have a refractive index less than 1.58. Further, the glass lens 111b may have an abbe number less than 45, and the imprint polymer layer 113b may have an abbe number greater than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the glass lens 111b to the focal length of the imprint polymer layer 113b may be in a range between 1.5 and 2.5.
A variation of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 3 is shown in fig. 5. The imaging apparatus 100 shown in fig. 5 differs from the imaging apparatus 100 shown in fig. 3 and the imaging apparatus 100 shown in fig. 1 mainly in that in the imaging apparatus 100 shown in fig. 5, the first set of optical elements 105 further comprises a third set of lenses 120, including a lens 121, wherein the third set of lenses 120 is arranged between the first set of lenses 110 and the aperture stop 170 and has a positive refractive index.
Fig. 6a to 6d show graphs of the optical performance of the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 5. More specifically, fig. 6a is a graph showing the multicolor Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) performance of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 5 for different FOVs, fig. 6b is a graph showing the lateral chromatic aberration of the imaging apparatus of fig. 5 for different wavelengths, fig. 6c is a graph showing the distortion of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 5, and fig. 6d is a graph showing the multicolor through-focus MTF performance of the imaging apparatus 100 of fig. 5 for different FOVs.
Fig. 6e shows a table listing exemplary lens parameters for the imaging device 100 of fig. 5, including surface type, radius, thickness, refractive index, abbe number, and conic constant for each lens, while fig. 6f shows a table listing Qbfs aspheric coefficients for different lens surfaces of the imaging device 100 of fig. 5.
The depression height profile of the Q-type aspheric surface given in fig. 6e is based on the Qbfs surface description given in "manufacturability estimation of optical surfaces" of opt express, volume 19, 9923-9941, g.w.forbes (2011). The corresponding Qbfs coefficients are given in fig. 6 f.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the glass lens 111b may have a refractive index less than 1.58, and the imprinted polymer layer 113b may have a refractive index greater than 1.58. Further, the glass lens 111b may have an abbe number greater than 45, and the imprint polymer layer 113b may have an abbe number less than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the glass lens 111b to the focal length of the imprint polymer layer 113b may be less than 1.
Like the imaging device 100 of fig. 1 and 3, the imaging device 100 shown in fig. 5 includes a second set of lenses 130 having a first lens 131, a second lens 133, and a third lens 135. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 has a negative refractive index, the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 has a negative refractive index, and the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has a positive refractive index. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has a convex aspheric surface on the side facing the second group of optical elements 140.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the first lenses 131 of the second set of lenses 130 have a refractive index greater than 1.58, the second lenses 133 of the second set of lenses 130 have a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the third lenses 135 of the second set of lenses 130 have a refractive index less than 1.58. In addition, the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number less than 45, the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number less than 45, and the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 has an Abbe number greater than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens 131 of the second set of lenses 130 to the focal length of the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the second lens 133 of the second set of lenses 130 to the focal length of the third lens 135 of the second set of lenses 130 is in a range between 1 and 5.
According to another variation not shown in the figures, the imaging device 100 of fig. 1 (in which the achromatic lenses are defined as the first lens 111a and the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110) may further include a third set of lenses 120 having a positive refractive index as shown in fig. 5. In such an embodiment, the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 has a refractive index less than 1.58 and the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110 has a refractive index greater than 1.58. Further, the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 has an Abbe number greater than 45, while the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110 has an Abbe number less than 45. In one embodiment, the absolute value of the ratio of the focal length of the first lens 111a of the first set of lenses 110 to the focal length of the second lens 113a of the first set of lenses 110 is less than 1.
Fig. 7a and 7b show two embodiments of a first set of lenses 110, the first set of lenses 110 having a glass lens 111b and an embossed polymer layer 113b for defining an achromatic lens. In the embodiment shown in fig. 7b, the imprint polymer layer 113b includes mechanical interlocks 701 for aligning the glass lenses 111b and/or the first set of lenses 110. Advantageously, this allows the glass lens 111b and/or the first set of lenses 110 to be aligned with one of more lenses (such as lens 131) following the optical path and/or the image sensor 160. The polymer imprinting layer 113b may be provided by a polymer imprinting process that allows the formation of additional structures, such as interlocks 701, with very high precision (given by a master) and with precise alignment with the imprinted lens surface.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the "blocks" ("elements") of the various figures (methods and apparatus) represent or describe the functionality of embodiments of the present application (rather than necessarily individual "elements" in hardware or software), and thus equally describe the functionality or features of apparatus embodiments as well as method embodiments (elements = steps).
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods may be implemented in other ways. For example, the described apparatus embodiments are merely exemplary. For example, the cell division is only a logical functional division, and may be other divisions in an actual implementation. For example, various elements or components may be combined or integrated in another system or certain features may be omitted, or not implemented. Further, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communicative connection may be achieved by using some interfaces. An indirect coupling or communicative connection between devices or units may be achieved electronically, mechanically, or otherwise.
Elements described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate and parts shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one position or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the elements may be selected according to the actual need to achieve the objectives of the solution of the embodiments.
In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
Claims (32)
1. An imaging apparatus (100) for capturing an image, the imaging apparatus (100) comprising:
a first set of optical elements (105) arranged on an optical axis, the first set (105) comprising a plurality of lenses (110, 120, 130) and defining an aperture stop (170) of the imaging device (100);
a second set of optical elements (140) arranged on an optical axis behind the first set of optical elements (105), the second set of optical elements (140) comprising a field flattener lens (141), the field flattener lens (141) having a concave and aspheric front surface; and
an image sensor (160) arranged on the optical axis behind the second set of optical elements (140); and is
Wherein the plurality of lenses (110, 120, 130) of the first set of optical elements (105) comprises:
a first set of lenses (110) arranged in front of the aperture stop (170) and defining an achromatic lens, an
A second set of lenses (130) arranged behind the aperture stop (170),
wherein the first set of lenses (110) comprises a glass lens (111 b) having an imprinted polymer layer (113 b) on a front or rear surface of the glass lens (111 b), wherein the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) has a different shape than the front or rear surface of the glass lens (111 b)The glass lens (111 b) has an aspherical surface shape with a surface shape different from that of the lens, and has a first refractive index P 1 And a first dispersion coefficient V 1 And the imprint polymer layer (113 b) comprises a first material having a second optical refractive index P 2 And a second coefficient of dispersion V 2 Of a second material of (2), wherein V 2 ·P 1 +V 1 ·P 2 Equal to 0.
2. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the first set of optical elements (105) comprises an aperture defining the aperture stop (170).
3. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the front and back surfaces of the field flattener lens (141) are shaped to correct field curvature aberrations.
4. The imaging device (100) according to claim 3, wherein the flat field lens (141) has the front and back surfaces shaped to provide a primary ray angle of incidence in the range of-30 ° to +30 ° with respect to a surface normal of the front and back surfaces of the flat field lens (141).
5. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the imaging apparatus (100) comprises a group drive for moving the first group of optical elements (105) along the optical axis between an active position and an inactive position for adjusting a distance d between the first group of optical elements (105) and the second group of optical elements (140).
6. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 5, wherein the first set of optical elements (105) and the second set of optical elements (140) are at the distance d from each other on an optical axis, and wherein a ratio of the distance d to an image height is in a range of 0.4 to 0.8.
7. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, comprising a near infrared cut filter (150) and/or a cover glass (150) arranged between the second set of optical elements (140) and the image sensor (160).
8. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the imaging apparatus (100) has an aperture value between 2.4 and 1.6.
9. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the plurality of lenses in the first set of optical elements (105) have a net aperture diameter of less than 10 mm.
10. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein a distance between the second set of optical elements (140) and the image sensor (160) is less than 0.6mm.
11. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the glass lens (111 b) has a concave aspheric surface on a side facing the imprinted polymer layer (113 b).
12. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) has a concave aspherical surface on a side opposite to a side facing the glass lens (111 b).
13. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) comprises a mechanical interlock (701) for aligning the glass lens (111 b) and/or the first set of lenses (110).
14. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, wherein a focal length of the glass lens (111 b) and a focal length of the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) have different signs.
15. The imaging device (100) of claim 1, wherein the glass lens (111 b) has a refractive index greater than 1.58 and the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) has a refractive index less than 1.58.
16. The imaging device (100) of claim 1, wherein the glass lens (111 b) has an abbe number less than 45 and the imprint polymer layer (113 b) has an abbe number greater than 45.
17. The imaging device (100) according to claim 1, wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the glass lens (111 b) to a focal length of the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) is in a range between 1.5 and 2.5.
18. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 1, wherein the first set of optical elements (105) comprises a third set of lenses (120) disposed between the first set of lenses (110) and the aperture stop (170), and wherein the third set of lenses (120) has a positive refractive index.
19. The imaging device (100) of claim 18, wherein the glass lens (111 b) has a refractive index less than 1.58 and the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) has a refractive index greater than 1.58.
20. The imaging device (100) of claim 18, wherein the glass lens (111 b) has an abbe number greater than 45 and the imprint polymer layer (113 b) has an abbe number less than 45.
21. The imaging device (100) according to claim 18, wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the glass lens (111 b) to a focal length of the imprinted polymer layer (113 b) is less than 1.
22. The imaging apparatus (100) of any of claims 1 to 17, wherein the second set of lenses (130) includes a first lens (131), a second lens (133), and a third lens (135), wherein the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) is closer to the second group of optical elements (140) than the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130), the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) is disposed between the first lens (131) and the third lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130), wherein the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has a positive refractive index, the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has a negative refractive index, and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a positive refractive index.
23. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 22, wherein the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a convex aspheric surface on a side facing the second set of optical elements (140).
24. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 22, wherein a first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index less than 1.58, a second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and a third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index less than 1.58.
25. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 22, wherein the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number greater than 45, the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number less than 45, and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number greater than 45.
26. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 22, wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) to a focal length of the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and/or wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) to a focal length of the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) is in a range between 1 and 2.
27. The imaging apparatus (100) of any of claims 18 to 21, wherein the second set of lenses (130) comprises a first lens (131), a second lens (133), and a third lens (135), wherein the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) is closer to the second group of optical elements (140) than the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130), the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) being arranged between the first lens (131) and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130), wherein the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has a negative refractive index, the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has a negative refractive index, and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a positive refractive index.
28. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 27, wherein the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a convex aspheric surface on a side facing the second set of optical elements (140).
29. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 27, wherein the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index greater than 1.58, the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index greater than 1.58, and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has a refractive index less than 1.58.
30. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 27, wherein the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number less than 45, the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number less than 45, and the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) has an abbe number greater than 45.
31. The imaging apparatus (100) of claim 27, wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the first lens (131) of the second set of lenses (130) to a focal length of the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) is in a range between 0.5 and 1, and/or wherein an absolute value of a ratio of a focal length of the second lens (133) of the second set of lenses (130) to a focal length of the third lens (135) of the second set of lenses (130) is in a range between 1 and 5.
32. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises an imaging apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 31.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2020/059343 WO2021197604A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Imaging apparatus comprising a wide-angle imaging lens system and a large image sensor |
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| CN113767615A CN113767615A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| CN113767615B true CN113767615B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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| EP (1) | EP4127807A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113767615B (en) |
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| JP2009204752A (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2009-09-10 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Composite lens |
| JP5095443B2 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2012-12-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Image reading lens and image reading apparatus |
| JP5289922B2 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2013-09-11 | オリンパス株式会社 | Imaging optical system and electronic imaging apparatus having the same |
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- 2020-04-02 WO PCT/EP2020/059343 patent/WO2021197604A1/en unknown
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- 2020-04-02 EP EP20720359.7A patent/EP4127807A1/en active Pending
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| US3922071A (en) * | 1972-08-29 | 1975-11-25 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Symmetrical objective |
| JPH01250917A (en) * | 1987-12-24 | 1989-10-05 | Nikon Corp | Miniature zoom lens |
| US5886829A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 1999-03-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Compact zoom lens with a large zoom ratio |
| EP1617240A1 (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2006-01-18 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Resin composition for hybrid lens, method for producing hybrid lens, hybrid lens and lens system |
| CN101986183A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-03-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Optical lens assembly |
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| JP2019066645A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 日本電産サンキョー株式会社 | Wide-angle lens |
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| CN113767615A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| EP4127807A1 (en) | 2023-02-08 |
| WO2021197604A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
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