CN113759304B - Method, system, equipment and medium for acquiring direction-finding angle of dual-polarized antenna array - Google Patents
Method, system, equipment and medium for acquiring direction-finding angle of dual-polarized antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a base station dual polarized antenna array; acquiring the phase initial value of each antenna array element; obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state by a darkroom measurement method; inverting the phase consistency value of the array elements of the antenna array obtained by the darkroom measurement method to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array; and correspondingly adding the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase and the phase error compensation value within a preset angle range, obtaining the final value of the phase between array elements of the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out the direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final value of the phase. The invention solves the problem that the single-polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate the large phase measurement error of the mobile terminal with different postures, and has high positioning precision on the mobile terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless positioning, in particular to a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array.
Background
With the development of industries such as mobile communication, autopilot, and smart factories, demands for location information are becoming increasingly popular, and demands for location accuracy are becoming higher. Positioning technology is mainly divided into outdoor positioning and indoor positioning according to different use scenes. At present, the outdoor positioning technology is mainly based on positioning of a satellite system (GNSS), and in order to improve the accuracy of outdoor positioning, a differential base station is usually built to improve the accuracy of outdoor positioning. In an indoor environment, satellite signals in the indoor environment are very weak due to the influence of barriers such as walls and glass, and accurate positioning capability cannot be provided basically. The indoor positioning technology has more types and methods, different positioning methods are often adopted for different indoor scenes, and the current mainstream indoor positioning technology has positioning modes such as RFID, wi-Fi, UWB, bluetooth and the like.
In the positioning system, the positioning values such as distance, angle, speed and the like are all obtained through measurement value calculation, so that the positioning accuracy of the positioning system can be ensured by relatively accurate measurement values. The antenna is positioned at the forefront end of the positioning system and is a carrier for receiving information, the space electromagnetic wave signal can be converted into an electric signal through the antenna, and the amplitude, the phase and other information of the electric signal are measured values required by the positioning system, so that the accuracy of the amplitude and phase measured values obtained through the receiving antenna directly influences the positioning accuracy of the positioning system. The positioning method based on Angle of array estimation needs to obtain the phase measurement values of different angles of each array element of the antenna array as accurately as possible, but the structure form of the array elements of the antenna array, the relative position environment of the array elements, the interval size of the array elements, the polarization form of the array elements, the polarization of incident electromagnetic waves and the like all have influence on the phase values among the array elements, and different phase measurement errors are brought. The mobile terminal radiates electromagnetic wave signals through the transmitting antenna, the polarization of the transmitting antenna is usually fixed, but the gesture of the mobile terminal is changed along with the movement of the carrier, so that the polarization of the antenna for transmitting the electromagnetic wave signals of the mobile terminal is also changed frequently, and the mobile terminal has uncertainty. Since the polarization of a mobile terminal transmitting antenna often varies, and the phase response of an antenna array to incident electromagnetic waves of different polarizations varies greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is that: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array, which adopt a base station dual-polarized antenna array, compare the magnitudes of two signal amplitude measurement values of a receiving end with orthogonal polarization, select a receiving signal phase initial value with higher amplitude measurement value and an array element phase error compensation value to acquire an inter-array element phase final value, and can effectively solve the problems that the phase measurement error is large due to uncertain polarization of a transmitting antenna of a mobile terminal and the phase measurement error of the single-polarized antenna array is large for mobile terminals with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) and can not be effectively compensated, thereby improving the accuracy of the inter-array element phase value for estimating the direction-finding angle parameters.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: the base station dual polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization;
S2, acquiring phase initial values of array elements of each antenna array: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two received signals of the first array element, comparing the magnitudes of the two received signal amplitude measurement values, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measurement value, and taking the phase measurement value of a receiving end which is the same as the polarization type as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation by each antenna array element;
s3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value of an antenna array element in a polarization matching state by a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
S4, estimating a direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and correspondingly adding the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase in the step S2 and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step S3 within a preset angle range to obtain the final phase value among the antenna array elements of each antenna array in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out the direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
Preferably, one of the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array is selected as the first array element, where the first array element is an edge-most array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array, or the first array element is customized by a user.
Preferably, the phase consistency value is: and the phase difference value of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element.
Preferably, the obtaining the phase consistency value of the antenna array element in the polarization matching state by using the darkroom measurement method includes: and calculating the phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array under the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by using a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating the phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element within a preset angle range.
Preferably, the predetermined angle range is +30° to +90° or-90 ° to-30 °.
A dual polarized antenna array direction finding angle acquisition system comprising: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization and an antenna communication device;
The antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
the phase initial value obtaining unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, obtaining two received signals of the first array element, comparing the magnitude of the amplitude measured values of the two received signals, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measured values, and taking the phase measured value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as the phase initial value of the angle parameter estimation by each antenna array element;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state through a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
The direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value acquisition unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring the phase final value among the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
Preferably, all antenna array elements in the base station dual polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode.
Preferably, the base station dual polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization, wherein the orthogonal polarization mode of the antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization is +45° polarization, -45 ° polarization, or is horizontal polarization or vertical polarization.
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction finding angle of a dual polarized antenna array when executing the program.
A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions for implementing any of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual polarized antenna array when executed by a processor.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention adopts the base station dual polarized antenna array, compares the magnitude of two signal amplitude measurement values of the orthogonal polarization receiving end, selects the received signal phase initial value of the higher polarization of the amplitude measurement value and the array element phase error compensation value to obtain the final value of the phase between the array elements, can effectively solve the problems that the phase measurement error is large and the single polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate for the phase measurement of the mobile terminal with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) caused by the uncertain polarization of the transmitting antenna of the mobile terminal, and improves the accuracy of the phase value between the array elements for estimating the direction-finding angle parameter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a four-array element +45°, -45 ° orthogonal polarization antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the large angle phase uniformity values for the +45° polarization of the four elements of example 4 relative to the 1 st element;
FIG. 5 shows the large angle phase uniformity values relative to the 1 st element for a four element-45 polarization in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the large angle phase uniformity values relative to the 1 st element for four elements in example 4 of the present invention when vertically polarized;
FIG. 7 shows the large angle phase uniformity values relative to the 1 st element in the four-element horizontal polarization in example 4 of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows the large angle phase uniformity values relative to the 1 st element in cross polarization of four elements in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method, the system, the equipment and the medium for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array are further described and explained below with reference to the attached drawings and the embodiment.
Example 1
The invention aims to provide a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array. In the method, an orthogonal base station dual polarized antenna array is designed to receive the radiation electromagnetic wave signals of the mobile terminal, the magnitude of signal amplitude measurement values of all receiving ends of the antenna array elements is compared, a receiving signal with a higher amplitude measurement value and polarized is selected, and the phase measurement value of all the antenna elements of the antenna array under the polarization is used as an angle parameter estimation phase initial value. And meanwhile, obtaining a phase consistency value in a preset angle range under the polarization matching state of the array elements of the antenna array by a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the array elements of the antenna array. And correspondingly adding the phase initial value measured by the antenna array elements and the phase error compensation value obtained by darkroom measurement within a preset angle range to form a compensated phase final value among the antenna array elements, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter by using the phase final value.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: designing an antenna array element with orthogonal polarization, wherein the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization, namely constructing the base station dual-polarized antenna array through the antenna array elements;
S2, acquiring phase initial values of array elements of each antenna array: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, and acquiring receiving signals of two receiving ends of the first array element, namely receiving signals of two receiving ends of the first array element in orthogonal polarization, wherein the orthogonal polarization mode of the first array element is orthogonal polarization of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and the two receiving signals are respectively horizontal receiving end signals and vertical receiving end signals; comparing the magnitude of the two received signal amplitude measurement values, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measurement value, and taking the phase measurement value of the receiving end, which is the same as the polarization type, of each antenna array element as the phase initial value of the angle parameter estimation;
The first array element is the most edge array element in the base station dual polarized antenna array, such as the leftmost or rightmost antenna array element in the linear array, or the user-defined first array element.
S3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value of an antenna array element in a polarization matching state by a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array; the preset angle range is +30 DEG to +90 DEG or-90 DEG to-30 DEG; the polarization matching state refers to that the polarization direction of the antenna array element receiving antenna is consistent with the polarization direction of the electric wave, and at this time, the antenna array element can receive all energy of the electric wave. The phase consistency value is consistent with a reference array element, namely the reference array element refers to a selected first array element, and the array element polarization matching refers to the polarization direction matching of a receiving antenna and an array element antenna.
The method for obtaining the phase consistency value of the antenna array element under the polarization matching state by using the darkroom measurement method comprises the following steps: and calculating the phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array under the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by adopting a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating the phase consistency value in a preset angle range, wherein the phase consistency value in the preset angle range is the phase difference value of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element under the condition that the phase consistency value in the preset angle range is in the preset angle range. The detection angle in the preset angle range refers to the angle range in which the system needs to work by the antennas, the communication system is generally three sectors, each antenna part is responsible for 120 DEG range, the phased array radar is generally four sectors, and each antenna is responsible for 90 DEG range. The area which is responsible for a specific antenna can be designed according to an actual system, and the angle range which needs to be covered by a use scene is seen.
S4, estimating a direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and correspondingly adding the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase in the step S2 and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step S3 within a preset angle range to obtain the final phase value among the antenna array elements of each antenna array in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out the direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
The invention adopts the base station dual polarized antenna array, compares the magnitude of two signal amplitude measurement values of the orthogonal polarization receiving end, selects the received signal phase initial value of the higher polarization of the amplitude measurement value and the array element phase error compensation value to obtain the final value of the phase between the array elements, can effectively solve the problems that the phase measurement error is large and the single polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate for the phase measurement of the mobile terminal with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) caused by the uncertain polarization of the transmitting antenna of the mobile terminal, and improves the accuracy of the phase value between the array elements for estimating the direction-finding angle parameter.
The mobile terminal is not fixed in gesture and transmitting antenna polarization, taking a mobile phone as an example, when the mobile phone is placed on a hand, in a pocket and the like of a person, the placing angles of the mobile phone are different, that is to say, the antenna polarization in the mobile phone is various, the polarization can not be determined, the base station is an antenna array which is fixed, and the polarization is determined. The invention can solve the problem that the single-polarized antenna array in the prior art cannot effectively compensate for large phase measurement errors of mobile terminals with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations), and solves the problem that the single-polarized antenna array has poor positioning precision on the mobile terminals.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a system for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array includes: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization and an antenna communication device; all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode, and the orthogonal polarization mode of the antenna array elements with the orthogonal polarization is the orthogonal polarization of +45 DEG polarization and-45 DEG polarization, or the orthogonal polarization of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and can also be other orthogonal polarization modes.
The antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
The phase initial value obtaining unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, obtaining received signals of two receiving ends of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measured values of the two received signals, selecting a received signal with a higher amplitude measured value, determining the polarization type of the received signal, obtaining the phase measured value of the receiving end of each antenna array element under the polarization type, and estimating the phase initial value as an angle parameter;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value in a preset angle range under the polarization matching state of the array elements of the antenna array through a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
The direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value acquisition unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring the phase final value among the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
In the invention, only the amplitude measurement values of the array element orthogonal polarization signals are compared, and the accuracy of the phase values among the array elements for estimating the direction-finding angle parameters can be improved without adding extra hardware equipment for the base station adopting the orthogonal dual-polarized antenna.
Example 3
An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor implements any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array when executing the program. The memory may be various types of memory, such as random access memory, read only memory, flash memory, etc. The processor may be various types of processors, such as a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, or an image processor, etc.
A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions for implementing any of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual polarized antenna array when executed by a processor. The storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, etc.
Example 4
+45°, -45 ° Orthogonal polarized four-array element dual polarized antenna array
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the large angle refers to ±60° within a preset angle range, which is a schematic diagram of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention. The type of the array elements of the dual-polarized antenna array is a microstrip patch antenna, the 1 st array element of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array is positioned at the leftmost edge of the array, the 2 nd array element, the 3 rd array element and the 4 th array element are sequentially arranged from left to right, and the interval of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array is half wavelength of the working frequency. The polarization of the four array elements of the antenna array is +45 degrees and-45 degrees of orthogonal polarized dual polarized antennas, wherein +45 degrees of polarization is in the Y-axis direction, and-45 degrees of polarization is in the X-axis direction, and the antenna array +45 degrees and-45 degrees of orthogonal polarized array elements can receive electromagnetic waves in any polarization form. Wherein +45 DEG polarized incident electromagnetic waves are matched with +45 DEG polarization of the array element, -45 DEG polarized incident electromagnetic waves are matched with-45 DEG polarization of the array element, +45 DEG polarized incident electromagnetic waves are orthogonal to-45 DEG polarization of the array element, -45 DEG polarized incident electromagnetic waves are orthogonal to +45 DEG polarization of the array element. The received signal value is the largest when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is matched with the polarization of the array element, the received signal value is the lowest when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal with the polarization of the array element, and the received signal values of the incident electromagnetic waves in other polarization forms are between the largest received signal value and the smallest received signal value. Two typical horizontally polarized wave directions and vertically polarized wave directions are also noted as described in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a phase consistency value of large angles of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization and the array element polarization of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array in the embodiment 4 of the present invention are both +45° polarization, the large angles in the embodiment 4 refer to ±60° azimuth angles, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of other array elements relative to the 1 st array element in the case of large angles of the antenna array when +45° polarization is matched is about 10 °.
As shown in fig. 5, when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization and the array element polarization of the four-element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention are both-45 ° polarization, the phase consistency values of the large angles of the array element 2, the array element 3, and the array element 4 with respect to the 1 st array element are about 10 ° as the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the other array elements with respect to the 1 st array element in the case of the large angles of the antenna array when the polarization of-45 ° is matched in fig. 5.
According to the large-angle phase consistency value curves of the array elements 2, 3 and 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the array elements are matched with +45° polarization shown in fig. 4 and the large-angle phase consistency value curves of the array elements 2, 3 and 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the array elements are matched with-45 ° polarization shown in fig. 5, the response curves of the four-array dual-polarized antenna array to the phase consistency value of incident electromagnetic waves with +45° polarization and-45 ° polarization are basically similar, so that the phase consistency value under +45° polarization matching or-45 ° polarization matching can be used as an array phase error compensation value.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 shows the large-angle phase consistency values of the array elements 2, 3 and 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization of the middle four-array dual-polarized antenna array in the embodiment 4 of the present invention is vertical polarization and the array element polarization is +45°, and as shown in fig. 6, the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the other array elements relative to the 1 st array element under the large-angle condition of the vertical polarization incident wave is about 15 °.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 shows the large-angle phase consistency values of the array elements 2,3 and 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization of the middle four-array dual-polarized antenna array in the embodiment 4 of the present invention is horizontal polarization and the array element polarization is +45°, and as shown in fig. 7, the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the other array elements relative to the 1 st array element under the large-angle condition of the incident wave of water Ping Jihua is about 15 °.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a diagram showing the phase consistency value of the large angle of the array element 2, the array element 3, and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave of the middle four array element dual polarized antenna array in the embodiment 4 of the present invention is-45 ° polarization, and the array element polarization is +45° polarization, that is, the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the polarization of the array element, where the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of other array elements relative to the 1 st array element is about 60 ° in the case of the large angle in the orthogonal polarization as shown in fig. 8.
The maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the large angles of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element is about 15 degrees when the incident electromagnetic wave is polarized in the vertical polarization mode, and the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the large angles of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element is about 15 degrees when the incident electromagnetic wave is polarized in the horizontal polarization mode, which is shown in the figure 7. If the maximum difference of 10 ° between the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave and the polarization of the array element in fig. 4 is +45°, or the maximum difference of 10 ° between the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave and the polarization of the array element in fig. 5 is-45 °, the phase consistency value of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization of the antenna is only 5 °, the phase consistency value of the matching condition of +45° or-45 ° can be used to replace the phase consistency value of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave, so as to compensate the error.
The maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the large angles of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element is about 60 degrees when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization is in orthogonal polarization, and if the phase consistency values in the single polarization matching process in the figure 4 or the figure 5 are adopted for error compensation, the phase compensation error of the incident electromagnetic wave polarization of the antenna is close to 50 degrees when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization of the antenna is in orthogonal polarization with the array element polarization, and the positioning cannot be accurately performed. This is also a problem that the phase measurement error of mobile terminals with different postures (i.e. different polarizations of transmitting antennas) is large and cannot be effectively compensated by adopting a single-polarized antenna array in the prior art.
The +45° -45° orthogonal polarized dual-polarized antenna array shown in fig. 3 does not need to consider the gesture of the mobile terminal (i.e. different transmitting antenna polarizations), compares the magnitudes of two signal amplitude measurement values of the receiving end in the +45° -45 ° polarization state of the orthogonal polarized array elements, and if the magnitude measurement value of the receiving signal amplitude in the +45° polarization state is large, each array element of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array adopts +45° polarization phase measurement value as an angle parameter to estimate a phase initial value. The phase consistency value under the +45 degree polarization condition in fig. 4 is inverted and is used as the phase error compensation value of the array element of the antenna array. And correspondingly adding an initial value of +45° polarization phase value of each array element of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array and a phase error compensation value within a large angle range to form a compensated phase final value among the array elements of the antenna array, and estimating a direction-finding angle parameter by using the phase final value. Similarly, if the amplitude measured value of the received signal in the polarization state of-45 degrees is large, each array element of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array adopts the polarization phase measured value of-45 degrees as an initial value of the estimated phase of the angle parameter. And correspondingly adding an initial value of the polarization phase value of-45 degrees of each array element of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array with the phase error compensation value within a large angle range to form a compensated phase final value among the array elements of the antenna array, and estimating a direction-finding angle parameter by using the phase final value. Therefore, the invention improves the precision of the direction-finding angle by introducing the phase error compensation value, and solves the problem of poor positioning precision of the monopole antenna array to the mobile terminal.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: the base station dual polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization;
S2, acquiring phase initial values of array elements of each antenna array: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two received signals of the first array element, comparing the magnitudes of the two received signal amplitude measurement values, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measurement value, and taking the phase measurement value of a receiving end which is the same as the polarization type as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation by each antenna array element;
s3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value of an antenna array element in a polarization matching state by a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
S4, estimating a direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and correspondingly adding the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase in the step S2 and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step S3 within a preset angle range to obtain the final phase value among the antenna array elements of each antenna array in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out the direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
2. The method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and selecting one of the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, wherein the first array element is the most edge array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array, or the first array element is customized by a user.
3. The method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the phase consistency value is: and the phase difference value of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element.
4. The method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for obtaining the phase consistency value of the antenna array element under the polarization matching state by using the darkroom measurement method comprises the following steps: and calculating the phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array under the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by using a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating the phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element within a preset angle range.
5. The method for acquiring the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preset angle range is +30° to +90° or-90 ° to-30 °.
6. A system for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array, comprising: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization and an antenna communication device;
The antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
the phase initial value obtaining unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, obtaining two received signals of the first array element, comparing the magnitude of the amplitude measured values of the two received signals, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measured values, and taking the phase measured value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as the phase initial value of the angle parameter estimation by each antenna array element;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state through a darkroom measurement method, and inverting the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
The direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value acquisition unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring the phase final value among the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array after compensation, and carrying out direction-finding angle parameter estimation of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
7. The system for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual polarized antenna array according to claim 6, wherein: and all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode.
8. The system for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual polarized antenna array according to claim 6, wherein: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization, wherein the orthogonal polarization mode of the antenna array elements with orthogonal polarization is +45° polarization, -45 ° polarization, or horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing a method for obtaining a direction finding angle of a dual polarized antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the program.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions for implementing a method for obtaining a direction finding angle of a dual polarized antenna array according to any one of claims 1-5 when executed by a processor.
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| CN114415107B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-06-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Polarization measurement method and system for improving array direction finding precision and storage medium |
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