CN113759304A - Method, system, equipment and medium for obtaining direction-finding angle of dual-polarized antenna array - Google Patents
Method, system, equipment and medium for obtaining direction-finding angle of dual-polarized antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array; acquiring the initial phase value of each antenna array element; obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state by a darkroom measuring method; negating the phase consistency value of the antenna array element obtained by the darkroom measuring method to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array; and correspondingly adding the initial phase value of the angle parameter estimation and the phase error compensation value within a preset angle range, acquiring a final phase value between the array elements of the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value. The invention solves the problem that the single-polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate large phase measurement errors of the mobile terminal in different postures, and has high positioning precision on the mobile terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless positioning, in particular to a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array.
Background
With the development of industries such as mobile communication, autopilot, smart factory, etc., the demand for location information is becoming more and more popular, and the demand for location accuracy is becoming higher and higher. The positioning technology is mainly divided into outdoor positioning and indoor positioning according to different use scenes. Currently, an outdoor positioning technology is mainly based on positioning of a satellite system (GNSS), and in order to improve the accuracy of outdoor positioning, a mode of constructing a differential base station is generally adopted to improve the accuracy of outdoor positioning. In an indoor environment, due to the influence of obstacles such as walls, glass and the like, satellite signals in the indoor environment are very weak, and accurate positioning capability cannot be provided basically. The indoor positioning technology is various and has many methods, different positioning methods are often adopted for different indoor scenes, and currently, the mainstream indoor positioning technology is the positioning modes such as RFID, Wi-Fi, UWB and Bluetooth.
In the positioning system, positioning values such as distance, angle, speed and the like are obtained through measurement value calculation, so that the positioning accuracy of the positioning system can be ensured only by relatively accurate measurement values. The antenna is located at the foremost end of the positioning system and is a carrier for receiving information, the antenna can convert the space electromagnetic wave signal into an electric signal, and the information such as the amplitude and the phase of the electric signal is the measured value required by the positioning system, so the accuracy of the amplitude and phase measured values obtained by the receiving antenna directly affects the positioning accuracy of the positioning system. The positioning method based on Angle parameter (Angle of Arrival) estimation needs to obtain the phase measurement values of different angles of each array element of the antenna array as accurately as possible, but the structural form of the array elements of the antenna array, the relative position environment of the array elements, the interval size of the array elements, the polarization form of the array elements, the polarization of incident electromagnetic waves and the like all affect the phase values among the array elements, and different phase measurement errors are brought. The mobile terminal radiates electromagnetic wave signals through the transmitting antenna, the polarization of the transmitting antenna is usually fixed, but the posture of the mobile terminal is changed along with the movement of the carrier, so that the polarization of the antenna for transmitting the electromagnetic wave signals of the mobile terminal is also changed frequently and has uncertainty. Since the polarization of the mobile terminal transmit antenna is constantly changing and the phase response of the antenna array to incident electromagnetic waves of different polarizations is very different.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical purpose is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring the direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array, wherein a base station dual-polarized antenna array is adopted to compare the magnitude of two signal amplitude measurement values of an orthogonal polarization receiving end, and a receiving signal phase initial value with higher polarization of the amplitude measurement values and an array element phase error compensation value are selected to acquire an inter-array element phase final value, so that the problems that the phase measurement error is large due to uncertain polarization of a transmitting antenna of a mobile terminal and the phase measurement error of a single-polarized antenna array for mobile terminals with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) is large and cannot be effectively compensated are solved, and the accuracy of the phase value between the array elements for estimating the direction-finding angle parameters is improved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements;
s2, acquiring the initial phase value of each antenna array element: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two receiving signals of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two receiving signals, determining the polarization type of the receiving signal with a higher signal amplitude measurement value, and using the phase measurement value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as that of each antenna array element as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation;
s3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value under the polarization matching state of an antenna array element by a darkroom measuring method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
s4, estimating direction-finding angle parameters of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and (4) correspondingly adding the initial phase value of the angle parameter estimation in the step (S2) and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step (S3) within a preset angle range, obtaining a final phase value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
Preferably, one of the antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array is selected as a first array element, and the first array element is an edge-most array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array, or the first array element is customized by a user.
Preferably, the phase consistency value is: and phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element.
Preferably, the obtaining of the phase consistency value of the antenna array element in the polarization matching state by the darkroom measurement method includes: and calculating phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by using a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element in a preset angle range.
Preferably, the preset angle ranges from +30 ° to +90 ° or-90 ° to-30 °.
A system for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array comprises: the antenna comprises a base station dual-polarized antenna array and an antenna communication device, wherein the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements;
the antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
the phase initial value calculation unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two receiving signals of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two receiving signals, and determining the polarization type of the receiving signal with a higher signal amplitude measurement value, wherein each antenna array element takes the phase measurement value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state through a darkroom measurement method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
the direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value calculation unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring a phase final value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
Preferably, all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode.
Preferably, the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements, and the orthogonally polarized antenna array elements are orthogonally polarized in a +45 ° polarization, an-45 ° polarization, or a horizontal polarization and a vertical polarization.
An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array.
A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for implementing any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array when executed by a processor.
Has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the base station dual-polarized antenna array, compares the magnitude of two signal amplitude measurement values of an orthogonal polarization receiving end, selects a receiving signal phase initial value with higher polarization of the amplitude measurement value and adds an array element phase error compensation value to obtain an inter-array element phase final value, can effectively solve the problems that the phase measurement error is large and a single-polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate phase measurement of mobile terminals with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) caused by uncertain polarization of a transmitting antenna of a mobile terminal, and improves the accuracy of inter-array element phase values for direction-finding angle parameter estimation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a four-array element +45 °, -45 ° orthogonally polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a large angle phase consistency value with respect to the 1 st array element when four array elements are polarized at +45 ° in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a large angle phase consistency value with respect to the 1 st array element when four array elements are polarized at-45 ° in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows phase consistency values of large angles with respect to the 1 st array element when four array elements are vertically polarized in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a large angle phase consistency value of the four array elements with respect to the 1 st array element during horizontal polarization in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows the phase consistency value of the four array elements with a large angle relative to the 1 st array element during cross polarization in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method, system, device and medium for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to the present invention will be further described and explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1:
the invention aims to provide a method, a system, equipment and a medium for acquiring a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array. In the method, an orthogonal base station dual-polarized antenna array is designed to receive a radiation electromagnetic wave signal of a mobile terminal, the magnitude of a signal amplitude measurement value of each receiving end of an antenna array element is compared, a receiving signal with a higher polarization amplitude measurement value is selected, and a phase measurement value of each array element of the antenna array under the polarization is used as an initial phase value of angle parameter estimation. And simultaneously, obtaining a phase consistency value within a preset angle range under the polarization matching state of the antenna array element by a darkroom measuring method, and negating the phase consistency value to form an antenna array element phase error compensation value. And correspondingly adding the phase initial value measured by the antenna array elements and the phase error compensation value obtained by darkroom measurement within a preset angle range to form a compensated final phase value among the antenna array elements, and estimating direction-finding angle parameters by using the final phase value.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array includes the following steps:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: designing an orthogonal polarized antenna array element, wherein a base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonal polarized antenna array elements, namely constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array through the antenna array elements;
s2, acquiring the initial phase value of each antenna array element: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, and acquiring receiving signals of two receiving ends of the first array element, namely receiving signals of the two receiving ends of the first array element in orthogonal polarization, wherein the orthogonal polarization mode of the first array element is horizontal polarization and orthogonal polarization of vertical polarization, and the two receiving signals are respectively a horizontal receiving end signal and a vertical receiving end signal; comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two received signals, determining the polarization type of the received signal with higher signal amplitude measurement value, and using the phase measurement value of the receiving end which is the same as the polarization type as the initial phase value of the angle parameter estimation by each antenna array element;
the first array element is the most marginal array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array, for example, the most left or right antenna array element in the linear array, or the first array element is customized by a user.
S3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value under the polarization matching state of an antenna array element by a darkroom measuring method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array; the preset angle range is +30 degrees to +90 degrees or-90 degrees to-30 degrees; the polarization matching state means that the polarization direction of the antenna array element receiving antenna is consistent with the polarization direction of the electric wave, and at the moment, the antenna array element can receive all energy of the electric wave. The consistency in the phase consistency values refers to consistency with a reference array element, namely, the reference array element refers to a selected first array element in the invention, and the array element polarization matching refers to the polarization direction matching of a receiving antenna and an array element antenna.
The method for obtaining the phase consistency value of the antenna array element in the polarization matching state by the darkroom measurement method comprises the following steps: and calculating phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by using a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating phase consistency values in a preset angle range, wherein the phase consistency values in the preset angle range are phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element under the condition that the phase consistency values in the preset angle range are in the preset angle range. The detection angle in the preset angle range refers to the angle range in which the system needs the antenna to work, the communication system generally comprises three sectors, each antenna part is responsible for the 120-degree range, the phased array radar generally comprises four sectors, and each antenna is responsible for the 90-degree range. The area in charge of the specific antenna can be designed according to an actual system, and the angle range which needs to be covered by the using scene can be seen.
S4, estimating direction-finding angle parameters of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and (4) correspondingly adding the initial phase value of the angle parameter estimation in the step (S2) and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step (S3) within a preset angle range, obtaining a final phase value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
The invention adopts the base station dual-polarized antenna array, compares the magnitude of two signal amplitude measurement values of an orthogonal polarization receiving end, selects a receiving signal phase initial value with higher polarization of the amplitude measurement value and adds an array element phase error compensation value to obtain an inter-array element phase final value, can effectively solve the problems that the phase measurement error is large and a single-polarized antenna array cannot effectively compensate phase measurement of mobile terminals with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) caused by uncertain polarization of a transmitting antenna of a mobile terminal, and improves the accuracy of inter-array element phase values for direction-finding angle parameter estimation.
The attitude of the mobile terminal and the polarization of the transmitting antenna are not fixed, for example, when the mobile phone is placed on a hand, a pocket and the like of a person, the placing angles of the mobile phone are different, that is, the polarization of the antenna in the mobile phone is various, the polarization can not be determined, while the base station is that the antenna array is fixed and the polarization is determined. The invention can solve the problem that the single-polarization antenna array in the prior art cannot effectively compensate the large phase measurement error of the mobile terminal with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations), and solves the problem that the single-polarization antenna array has poor positioning accuracy on the mobile terminal.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, a system for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array includes: the antenna comprises a base station dual-polarized antenna array and an antenna communication device, wherein the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements; all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode, and the orthogonal polarization mode of the orthogonal polarized antenna array elements is + 45-degree polarization or-45-degree polarization orthogonal polarization, or horizontal polarization or vertical polarization orthogonal polarization, or other orthogonal polarization modes.
The antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
the phase initial value calculation unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring receiving signals of two receiving ends of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two receiving signals, selecting the receiving signal with a higher amplitude measurement value, determining the polarization type of the receiving signal, acquiring the phase measurement value of the receiving end of each antenna array element under the polarization type, and using the phase measurement value as an angle parameter estimation phase initial value;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value within a preset angle range in an antenna array element polarization matching state through a darkroom measurement method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
the direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value calculation unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring a phase final value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
According to the method, the accuracy of the phase value between the array elements for estimating the direction-finding angle parameters can be improved only by comparing the magnitude of the amplitude measurement value of the orthogonal polarization signal of the array elements and adding no extra hardware equipment to a base station adopting an orthogonal dual-polarization antenna.
Example 3:
an electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array. The memory can be various types of memory, such as random access memory, read only memory, flash memory, and the like. The processor may be various types of processors, such as a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, or an image processor.
A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for implementing any one of the above methods for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array when executed by a processor. The storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
Example 4: +45 degree, -45 degree cross-polarized four-array element dual-polarized antenna array
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a four-element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention, where in this embodiment, a large angle refers to ± 60 ° in a preset angle range. The dual-polarized antenna array element is a microstrip patch antenna, the 1 st array element of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array is positioned at the leftmost side of the array, the 2 nd array element, the 3 rd array element and the 4 th array element are sequentially arranged from left to right, and the interval of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array is half wavelength of working frequency. The polarization of four array elements of the antenna array is a dual-polarized antenna with +45 degrees and-45 degrees orthogonal polarization, wherein the +45 degrees polarization is in the Y-axis direction, the-45 degrees polarization is in the X-axis direction, and the +45 degrees and-45 degrees orthogonal polarization array elements of the antenna array can receive electromagnetic waves in any polarization form. Wherein, the +45 degree polarized incident electromagnetic wave is matched with the +45 degree polarization of the array element, the-45 degree polarized incident electromagnetic wave is matched with the-45 degree polarization of the array element, the +45 degree polarized incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the-45 degree polarization of the array element, and the-45 degree polarized incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the +45 degree polarization of the array element. The received signal value is the largest when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is matched with the polarization of the array element, the received signal value is the lowest when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the polarization of the array element, and the received signal values of the incident electromagnetic waves in other polarization forms are between the maximum received signal value and the minimum received signal value. Two typical horizontal and vertical polarization directions are also labeled as described in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a phase consistency value of a large angle between an array element 2, an array element 3, and an array element 4 and a 1 st array element when polarization of incident electromagnetic waves of a four-array element dual-polarized antenna array and polarization of the array elements in embodiment 4 of the present invention are all +45 degrees, where the large angle in embodiment 4 refers to an azimuth angle of ± 60 degrees, and as shown in fig. 4, when the polarization of +45 degrees is matched, the maximum difference between phase consistency values of other array elements and the 1 st array element is about 10 degrees in the case of the antenna array large angle.
Fig. 5 shows that when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array and the polarization of the array elements in embodiment 4 of the present invention are all-45 °, the phase consistency values of the array elements 2, 3, and 4 with respect to the array element 1 are large-angle, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the maximum difference between the phase consistency values of other array elements with respect to the array element 1 is about 10 ° when the polarization matching is performed at-45 °.
According to the large-angle phase consistency value curve of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element shown in the attached drawing 4 and the large-angle phase consistency value curve of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 relative to the 1 st array element shown in the attached drawing 5 and matched with the-45-degree polarization, it can be seen that the phase consistency value response curves of the four-array-element dual-polarization antenna array to the incident electromagnetic waves polarized at the +45 degrees and the-45-degree are basically approximate, so that the phase consistency value under the condition of the + 45-degree polarization matching or the-45-degree polarization matching can be used as an array phase error compensation value.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 shows that when the incident electromagnetic wave of the medium-four-array element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention is polarized to vertical polarization, and the array elements are polarized to +45 °, the phase consistency values of the array elements 2, 3, and 4 with respect to the 1 st array element are large-angle, and as shown in fig. 6, the maximum difference between the phase consistency values of the other array elements with respect to the 1 st array element is about 15 ° when the incident wave of vertical polarization is in a large-angle condition.
As shown in fig. 7, fig. 7 shows that when the incident electromagnetic wave of the medium-four-array element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention is polarized to horizontal polarization, and the array elements are polarized to +45 °, the phase consistency values of the array elements 2, 3, and 4 with respect to the 1 st array element are large-angle, and as shown in fig. 7, the maximum difference between the phase consistency values of other array elements with respect to the 1 st array element is about 15 ° when the incident wave of horizontal polarization is large-angle.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 shows that when the incident electromagnetic wave of the medium-four-array element dual-polarized antenna array in embodiment 4 of the present invention is polarized at-45 °, and the array elements are polarized at +45 °, that is, the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave is orthogonal to the polarization of the array elements, the phase consistency values of the array elements 2, 3, and 4 with respect to the 1 st array element are large-angle, and as shown in fig. 8, the maximum difference between the phase consistency values of the other array elements with respect to the 1 st array element is about 60 ° when the orthogonal polarization is performed.
The maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the incident electromagnetic wave polarized into the vertical polarization array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 at a large angle relative to the 1 st array element is about 15 degrees, and the maximum difference of the phase consistency values of the incident electromagnetic wave polarized into the horizontal polarization array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 at a large angle relative to the 1 st array element is about 15 degrees as shown in fig. 7. If the phase consistency value with the maximum difference of about 10 degrees is adopted for error compensation when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization and the array element polarization in the attached figure 4 are polarized at +45 degrees, or the phase consistency value with the maximum difference of about 10 degrees is adopted for error compensation when the incident electromagnetic wave polarization and the array element polarization in the attached figure 5 are polarized at-45 degrees, the phase compensation error of the antenna incident electromagnetic wave polarization is only 5 degrees when the antenna incident electromagnetic wave polarization is horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, so that the phase consistency value under the polarization matching condition of +45 degrees or-45 degrees can be adopted to replace the phase consistency value of the incident electromagnetic wave horizontal polarization and vertical polarization for error compensation.
The maximum difference of phase consistency values of incident electromagnetic wave polarization of the array element 2, the array element 3 and the array element 4 in the orthogonal polarization shown in the attached figure 8 is about 60 degrees relative to the 1 st array element, if the phase consistency values in the single polarization matching in the attached figure 4 or the attached figure 5 are adopted for error compensation, the phase compensation error is close to 50 degrees when the polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave of the antenna is orthogonal to the polarization of the array element, and the antenna cannot be accurately positioned. The problem that the phase measurement error of the mobile terminal with different postures (namely different transmitting antenna polarizations) is large and cannot be effectively compensated by adopting the single-polarized antenna array in the prior art is also solved.
The +45 °, -45 ° cross polarization dual-polarized antenna array shown in fig. 3 does not need to consider the attitude of the mobile terminal (i.e. different polarization of the transmitting antenna), compares the amplitude measurement values of two signals at the receiving end in the cross polarization array elements +45 °, -45 ° polarization state, and if the amplitude measurement value of the received signal in the +45 ° polarization state is large, each array element of the four-array element dual-polarized antenna array adopts the +45 ° polarization phase measurement value as the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase. And (3) negating the phase consistency value under the + 45-degree polarization condition in the attached figure 4 to be used as the phase error compensation value of the antenna array element. Correspondingly adding the initial value of the polarization phase value of +45 degrees of each array element of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array and the phase error compensation value in a large-angle range to form a compensated final phase value among the array elements of the antenna array, and estimating direction-finding angle parameters by using the final phase value. Similarly, if the amplitude measurement value of the received signal is large in the-45-degree polarization state, each array element of the four-array-element dual-polarization antenna array adopts the-45-degree polarization phase measurement value as the initial value of the angle parameter estimation phase. Correspondingly adding the initial value of the polarization phase value of-45 degrees of each array element of the four-array-element dual-polarized antenna array and the phase error compensation value in a large-angle range to form a compensated final phase value among the array elements of the antenna array, and estimating direction-finding angle parameters by using the final phase value. Therefore, the invention improves the accuracy of the direction-finding angle by introducing the phase error compensation value, and solves the problem of poor positioning accuracy of the single-polarized antenna array to the mobile terminal.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for obtaining a direction finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing a base station dual-polarized antenna array: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements;
s2, acquiring the initial phase value of each antenna array element: selecting one antenna array element in a base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two receiving signals of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two receiving signals, determining the polarization type of the receiving signal with a higher signal amplitude measurement value, and using the phase measurement value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as that of each antenna array element as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation;
s3, calculating a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: obtaining a phase consistency value under the polarization matching state of an antenna array element by a darkroom measuring method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
s4, estimating direction-finding angle parameters of the base station dual-polarized antenna array: and (4) correspondingly adding the initial phase value of the angle parameter estimation in the step (S2) and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the step (S3) within a preset angle range, obtaining a final phase value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the final phase value.
2. The method for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: and selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, wherein the first array element is the most marginal array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array, or self-defining the first array element by a user.
3. The method for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: the phase consistency value is: and phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element.
4. The method for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: the method for obtaining the phase consistency value of the antenna array element in the polarization matching state by the darkroom measurement method comprises the following steps: and calculating phase values of all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array in the polarization matching state of the antenna array elements by using a darkroom measurement method, and further calculating phase difference values of other antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array relative to the first array element in a preset angle range.
5. The method for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 1, wherein: the preset angle range is +30 degrees to +90 degrees or-90 degrees to-30 degrees.
6. A system for obtaining a direction finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array is characterized by comprising: the antenna comprises a base station dual-polarized antenna array and an antenna communication device, wherein the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements;
the antenna communication device comprises a phase initial value acquisition unit, a phase error compensation value calculation unit and a direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit;
the phase initial value calculation unit is used for selecting one antenna array element in the base station dual-polarized antenna array as a first array element, acquiring two receiving signals of the first array element, comparing the amplitude measurement values of the two receiving signals, and determining the polarization type of the receiving signal with a higher signal amplitude measurement value, wherein each antenna array element takes the phase measurement value of a receiving end with the same polarization type as the phase initial value of angle parameter estimation;
the phase error compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a phase consistency value of the antenna array element in a polarization matching state through a darkroom measurement method, and negating the phase consistency value to form a phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array;
the direction-finding angle parameter estimation unit is used for correspondingly adding the phase initial value output by the phase initial value calculation unit and the phase error compensation value of the base station dual-polarized antenna array output by the phase error compensation value calculation unit within a preset angle range, acquiring a phase final value among antenna array elements in the compensated base station dual-polarized antenna array, and estimating the direction-finding angle parameter of the base station dual-polarized antenna array by using the phase final value.
7. The system for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 6, wherein: all antenna array elements in the base station dual-polarized antenna array have the same orthogonal polarization mode.
8. The system for obtaining the direction-finding angle of the dual-polarized antenna array according to claim 6, wherein: the base station dual-polarized antenna array comprises at least two orthogonally polarized antenna array elements, and the orthogonally polarized antenna array elements are orthogonally polarized in a plus 45-degree polarization mode or a minus 45-degree polarization mode, or are orthogonally polarized in a horizontal polarization mode or a vertical polarization mode.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement a method for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array according to any one of claims 1-5.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for implementing a method for obtaining a direction-finding angle of a dual-polarized antenna array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed by a processor.
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