CN113757273B - Multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge - Google Patents
Multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge Download PDFInfo
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- CN113757273B CN113757273B CN202110958601.3A CN202110958601A CN113757273B CN 113757273 B CN113757273 B CN 113757273B CN 202110958601 A CN202110958601 A CN 202110958601A CN 113757273 B CN113757273 B CN 113757273B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/08—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium
- B60T1/087—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels using fluid or powdered medium in hydrodynamic, i.e. non-positive displacement, retarders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/24—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
- F16D57/005—Details of blades, e.g. shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
- F16D57/02—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders with blades or like members braked by the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
- F16D65/853—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with closed cooling system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D2065/782—Features relating to cooling the brake-actuating fluid being used as a coolant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge, which comprises a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a multi-plate friction brake part and a speed increasing mechanism part. The composite brake support bridge has the advantages that the hydraulic retarder and the multi-plate friction brake are designed at the wheel edge part in a highly integrated mode, the positions of the original drum brake and the executing mechanism of the drum brake are replaced, and the weight of the whole bridge is effectively reduced. The multi-piece friction brake is positioned on the liquid retarder outer ring, and the wheel edge part is additionally provided with the speed increasing mechanism through air source control, so that the braking effects of the hydraulic retarder and the friction brake are improved. The working medium of the composite brake support bridge provides a braking effect for the liquid slowly and enters the multi-plate friction brake, the friction plate is subjected to immersion cooling, and the heat dissipation effect is improved. The hydraulic retarder provides braking torque during long-time braking, and the multi-piece friction brake with high response speed is used for braking during emergency braking, so that the braking efficiency and the running safety of the semi-trailer tractor are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile auxiliary braking, and particularly relates to a multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge.
Background
In recent years, the development of road transportation industry in China is rapid, and the semi-trailer tractor plays a vital role in road transportation due to the advantages of large load capacity, high efficiency, low logistics cost and the like. However, because the road conditions in China are complex, the number of long downhill sections is large, and the braking safety of the semi-trailer tractor in the long downhill process is difficult to guarantee by using friction braking alone, more and more semi-trailer tractors are additionally provided with auxiliary braking devices such as a retarder and the like to relieve the burden of a braking system.
The hydrodynamic retarder has light weight, small size and excellent continuous braking performance, and can meet the requirement of long-time braking of a vehicle. However, the installation position of the retarder is still a difficult problem for the semi-trailer tractor. At present, a hydraulic retarder of a semi-trailer tractor mainly has two installation schemes, one scheme is that the hydraulic retarder is installed in a trailer transmission system, but the weight of the semi-trailer tractor is concentrated on a trailer part, the inertia of the trailer part is large, and the vehicle instability is easily caused by overlarge braking force of the trailer. The other one is that the hydraulic retarder is installed in the middle of a non-drive axle of the trailer, and a mechanical brake of an original axle is removed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite brake support axle, wherein a hydraulic retarder provides braking torque during long-time braking, and a multi-plate friction brake with high response speed is used for braking during emergency braking, so that the braking efficiency and the driving safety of a semi-trailer tractor are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge, which comprises a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a multi-plate friction brake part and a speed increasing mechanism part; the hydrodynamic retarder part, the multi-plate friction brake part and the speed increasing mechanism part are integrally designed at the wheel edge part.
The supporting bridge part comprises a supporting axle housing, a wheel-side axle housing and a wheel hub; the wheel-side axle housing is arranged on the sun wheel shaft through a bearing and is connected with the supporting axle housing through a bolt; the wheel hub is arranged on the wheel-side axle housing through a bearing;
the hydraulic retarder part comprises a stator impeller and a rotor impeller, wherein the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are both in a blade structure, a liquid inlet flow channel, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of working liquid are arranged on the stator impeller, and the rotor impeller rotates along with a wheel through a sun wheel shaft;
the multi-plate friction brake part comprises a brake cylinder, a piston, a dynamic friction plate, a fixed friction dual steel sheet and a wave-shaped return spring, wherein the brake cylinder is fixed on a supporting axle housing, the piston is sleeved in the brake cylinder, a brake cylinder cover and a hydraulic retarder stator are integrally designed, the wave-shaped return spring is sleeved between the brake piston and the brake cylinder cover and is pressed by the brake cylinder cover, an inner hole spline groove of the dynamic friction plate is sleeved on a spline of the excircle of a rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder, an excircle spline of the fixed friction dual steel sheet is sleeved on a left end inner hole spline groove of a wheel axle housing, the dynamic friction plate and the fixed friction dual steel sheet are sequentially arranged and can freely slide in the axial direction, the left end fixed friction dual steel sheet is pressed by the piston, and the right end fixed friction dual steel sheet is pressed by the wheel edge;
the speed increasing mechanism comprises a planet carrier, a gear ring, a sun wheel shaft and a planet wheel, the planet carrier is connected with a wheel hub and rotates along with the wheel, the gear ring is installed on a wheel axle housing, the sun wheel and a transmission shaft are integrally designed, and the planet wheel is installed on a planet wheel shaft on the planet carrier and transmits power to the sun wheel shaft to increase speed.
Furthermore, the hydraulic retarder and the multi-plate friction brake are integrated, when the hydraulic retarder is used for braking for a long time, the hydraulic retarder provides braking torque, and when the hydraulic retarder is used for emergency braking, the multi-plate friction brake with high response speed is used for braking.
Furthermore, the multi-piece friction brake cylinder is fixed on the supporting axle housing, the brake cylinder cover and the stator impeller are designed in an integrated mode, and the piston is returned by the aid of the wave spring.
Furthermore, the spline groove of the inner hole of the dynamic friction plate is sleeved on the spline of the excircle of the rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder, and the spline of the excircle of the fixed friction dual steel sheet is sleeved on the spline groove of the inner hole of the hub axle housing.
Furthermore, the blade parts of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller form a circular working cavity, and a certain gap is kept between the stator impeller and the rotor impeller; the blades of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are straight blades, inclined blades or arc-shaped blades.
Furthermore, working liquid of the hydraulic retarder enters the multi-plate friction brake, and the dynamic friction plate and the fixed friction dual steel plate are subjected to immersion cooling, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the working fluid of the hydraulic retarder enters the axle cavity after consuming the kinetic energy of the vehicle, part of heat is dissipated by the axle cavity, then the working fluid is led to an external radiator, and enters the hydraulic retarder after dissipating the heat, so that circulation is formed.
The invention provides a multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite brake support bridge, which has the following working principle:
the power of wheels on two sides of the vehicle is transmitted to the planet carrier through the wheel hubs to drive the planet gear to rotate, the power is transmitted to the sun gear through meshing transmission, the sun gear and the transmission shaft are of an integrated structure, and the sun gear shaft drives the rotor impeller to rotate through the spline; when a vehicle is braked for a long time, a brake cylinder is not pressurized, a multi-disc friction brake does not work, working fluid is pressed into a liquid inlet flow channel of a hydraulic retarder from a liquid inlet pipeline, then enters a working cavity from a liquid inlet on a stator impeller, and is accelerated under the driving of a rotor impeller, the working fluid circulates in a circular working cavity of the retarder due to centrifugal action and converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into internal energy of the fluid, the high-temperature working fluid flows out from a liquid outlet on the stator impeller, enters a one-way valve part in the end part of an axle cavity through a liquid outlet flow channel on a support axle housing, and then is dispersed with partial heat after entering the axle cavity, and then enters an external radiator for heat dissipation, and the cooled working fluid enters the retarder again for circulation to achieve the effect of retarding braking; when the vehicle is emergently braked, working fluid enters the retarder from the fluid inlet pipeline, the brake cylinder is pressurized, the piston is used for jacking and pressing the fixed friction dual steel sheet and the movable friction sheet to perform mechanical braking under the action of air pressure, the mechanical braking is firstly performed due to the rapid air pressure reaction, and then the working fluid enters a working space of the friction sheet under the centrifugal action to cool the friction sheet; when the brake is not in a braking state, the working fluid does not enter the retarder, the residual working fluid is discharged through a residual liquid outlet at the lower part, the wave-shaped return spring pushes back the piston, the fixed friction dual steel sheet and the movable friction sheet are loosened, and the braking torque is basically not generated.
Compared with the prior art, the multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge has the following advantages:
as an automobile auxiliary braking device, the hydraulic retarder and the multi-plate friction brake are innovatively and highly integrated at the executing mechanism part of the original drum type brake of the supporting axle, the brake drum is removed, the quality of the whole axle is reduced, the innovative design of the wheel edge part greatly improves the braking effect of the hydraulic retarder, and the whole axle structure is highly integrated and has the functions of retarding and braking. The hydraulic retarber working solution is passed through the axle cavity and is dispelled a part of heat back rethread and dispel the heat to outside radiator, has improved the radiating effect. When the vehicle is braked for a long time, the hydraulic retarder is used for braking, so that the braking burden of the vehicle is reduced; during emergency braking, the multi-piece friction device is high in response speed, requirements during emergency braking can be met, vehicle braking safety is improved, and meanwhile hydraulic retarder working fluid can cool the friction plate, so that the situation that the temperature of the friction plate is too high and braking performance of the friction plate is reduced is avoided. The integrated multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge has the advantages of speed slowing and braking functions, light weight, long service life, and high braking effect and safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support axle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a wheel-side assembly of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support axle of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a supporting axle housing of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid braking supporting axle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a rotor wheel of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a stator impeller of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view of a rotor assembly of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of the present invention.
In the figure: the brake system comprises a check valve 1, a support axle housing 2, a working fluid inlet 2-1, an air inlet 2-2, a liquid outlet channel 2-3, a residual liquid outlet 2-4, a brake cylinder 3, a piston 4, a wave-shaped return spring 5, a dynamic friction plate 6, a fixed friction dual steel sheet 7, an axle housing 8 wheel edges, a wheel hub 9, a gear ring 10, a planet carrier 11, a planet wheel 12, a sun wheel shaft 13, a rotor impeller 14, a spline groove 14-1, an excircle spline 14-2, a circle 15, a stator impeller 16, a liquid inlet channel 16-1, a liquid outlet 16-2, a liquid inlet 16-3, a brake cylinder cover 16-4, a residual liquid channel 17 and a water channel isolation plate 18.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the examples are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the assembly diagram of the multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid braking support bridge of the present invention includes a support bridge portion, a hydraulic retarder portion, a multi-plate friction brake portion, and a speed increasing mechanism portion.
The supporting bridge part comprises a supporting axle housing 2, a wheel-side axle housing 8 and a wheel hub 9, a working liquid inlet 2-1 and an air inlet 2-2 are formed in one side, close to a wheel side, of the supporting axle housing 2, working liquid enters a liquid inlet flow channel 16-1 from the working liquid inlet 2-1, a liquid outlet flow channel 2-3 and the liquid inlet flow channel 16-1 are separated by a water channel partition plate 18 and are not interfered with each other, and the air inlet 2-2 is used for introducing compressed air required by a brake cylinder 3; one side of the supporting axle housing 2 close to the middle of the axle is provided with a one-way valve 1; the wheel-side axle housing 8 is arranged on the sun wheel shaft through a bearing, is connected with the supporting axle housing 2 through a bolt and has certain connection strength, and the inner ring at the left end of the wheel-side axle housing 8 is provided with a spline groove for installing the fixed friction dual steel sheet 7; a residual liquid flow passage 17 is arranged at the bottom of the left end of the wheel-side axle housing 8, and a residual liquid outlet 2-4 is arranged at the corresponding position of the supporting axle housing 2 and used for discharging residual liquid and air; the hub 9 is mounted on the hub shell 8 through a bearing.
The hydrodynamic retarder part comprises a rotor impeller 14 and a stator impeller 16, and blade structures are arranged on the stator impeller 14 and the rotor impeller 16; a liquid inlet flow channel 16-1 of working liquid is arranged on the stator impeller 16, a liquid outlet 16-2 is arranged between two blades at the top, a certain number of liquid inlets 16-3 are uniformly distributed on the blades, and a part of the outer circle of the stator impeller 16 protrudes to form a braking cylinder cover 16-4; the rotor impeller 14 is provided with an excircle spline 14-2 for mounting a dynamic friction plate, and the rotor impeller 14 is in meshing transmission with the sun gear shaft 13 through a spline groove 14-1 of an inner ring. The rotor impeller 14 and the stator impeller 16 form a working chamber and maintain a suitable clearance.
The speed increasing mechanism comprises a gear ring 10, a planet carrier 11, a planet wheel 12 and a sun wheel shaft 13, wherein the planet carrier 11 is connected with a wheel hub 9 and rotates along with the wheel, the gear ring 10 is installed on a wheel axle housing 8, the planet wheel 12 is installed on a planet wheel shaft on the planet carrier 11, the sun wheel and a transmission shaft are designed in an integrated mode, power of a tire is transmitted to the sun wheel shaft 13 through the planet wheel 12 and the gear ring 10 and the sun wheel shaft 13 through meshing transmission, and speed is increased;
the multi-plate friction brake part comprises a brake cylinder 3, a piston 4, a wave-shaped return spring 5, a dynamic friction plate 6 and a fixed friction dual steel plate 7, wherein the brake cylinder 3 is sleeved and fixed on a supporting axle housing 2, the piston 4 is sleeved in the brake cylinder 3, good sealing performance is realized between the brake cylinder 3 and the piston 4, a brake cylinder cover 16-4 and a hydraulic retarder stator impeller 16 are in an integrated structure, the wave-shaped return spring 5 is sleeved between the piston 4 and the brake cylinder cover 16-4 and is tightly pressed by the brake cylinder cover 16-4, an inner hole spline groove of the dynamic friction plate 6 is sleeved on an outer circle spline 14-2 of a hydraulic retarder rotor impeller, an outer circle spline of the fixed friction dual steel plate is sleeved on an inner hole spline groove of a wheel-side axle housing 8, the dynamic friction plate 6 and the fixed friction dual steel plate 7 are sequentially arranged and can slide for a certain distance in the axial direction, under the working state, the left end fixed friction dual steel sheet 7 is pressed by the piston, the right end fixed friction dual steel sheet 7 is pressed by the wheel axle housing 8, the piston 4 is pushed back by the wave-shaped return spring 5 under the non-working state, and a certain gap is formed between the movable friction plate 6 and the fixed friction dual steel sheet 7.
As shown in FIG. 2, it is a structural and fluid flow diagram of the wheel side of the multi-plate friction-hydraulic composite brake support axle of the present invention.
The power of the wheels is speeded up by the speed increasing mechanism and then transmitted to the rotor impeller 14 of the retarder through the sun gear shaft 13. When the hydraulic retarder is braked for a long time, working fluid enters a working cavity circulating circle 15 of the hydraulic retarder from a supporting axle housing working fluid inlet 2-1, the working fluid is accelerated under the driving of a rotor impeller 14, then the working fluid impacts a stator impeller 16 to convert vehicle kinetic energy into working fluid internal energy, the temperature of the working fluid rises, high-temperature working fluid flows to a liquid outlet flow channel 2-3 on the supporting axle housing from a stator impeller liquid outlet 16-2, then the high-temperature working fluid flows to an axle cavity through a one-way valve 1, then flows to an external radiator, and returns to a liquid inlet pipeline after being cooled by the radiator, so that circulation is realized. During emergency braking, working fluid enters a working cavity circulating circle 15 of the hydraulic retarder from a working fluid inlet 2-1 of the support axle housing, meanwhile, air pressure is transmitted into the air cylinder 3 through an air inlet 2-2 in the support axle housing, the piston 4 presses the friction plate under the action of the air pressure, braking torque is generated after the friction plate is pressed, and then the working fluid enters a friction plate working space through a gap between the rotor impeller 14 and the stator impeller 16 due to centrifugal action to cool the friction plate. When the brake is not in a braking state, the wave-shaped return spring 5 pushes the piston 4 back to the leftmost end, and no braking torque is generated; the working fluid does not enter the hydraulic retarder, and residual working fluid is discharged through a residual fluid flow passage 17 at the lower end of the wheel-side axle housing and residual fluid outlets 2-4 below the supporting axle housing, so that idling loss is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a supporting axle housing of a multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake supporting axle according to the present invention is shown. The right side of the supporting axle housing is provided with a liquid inlet 2-1, and working liquid is pressed into the liquid inlet 2-1 through a liquid inlet pipeline and then enters a liquid inlet flow passage 16-1 of the stator impeller. And the upper end of the right side of the support axle housing 2 is provided with an air inlet 2-2 of an air cylinder for braking the air inlet of the air cylinder. A liquid outlet channel 2-3 is arranged on the right side wall of the support axle housing, and high-temperature working liquid is conveyed to the liquid outlet channel 2-3 from a liquid outlet 16-2 of the stator impeller and flows to the one-way valve 1. And a residual liquid outlet 2-4 is formed in the bottom of the right side of the supporting axle housing 2 and used for discharging residual working liquid and reducing idle loss.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a hydrodynamic retarder rotor of a multi-plate friction-hydrodynamic composite brake support bridge according to the present invention. The left side of the rotor impeller 14 is of an impeller structure, and a certain number of blades are uniformly distributed and used for driving the working fluid to accelerate. The inner hole of the rotor is provided with a spline groove 14-1 which is connected with the sun wheel shaft 13 and plays a role in transmitting power. The excircle of the rotor is in a spline structure 14-2 and is used for mounting a dynamic friction plate and transmitting braking torque.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a hydrodynamic retarder stator of a multi-plate friction-hydrodynamic composite braking support bridge according to the present invention. The left side of the stator is provided with a liquid inlet flow passage 16-1 which is separated from a liquid outlet flow passage 2-3 on the supporting axle housing by a water passage clapboard. The right side is of an impeller structure, a certain number of blades are uniformly distributed and used for consuming kinetic energy of working fluid, and a liquid inlet 16-3 is formed in part of the blades and is also uniformly distributed. A liquid outlet 16-2 is arranged between the two blades at the top, and high-temperature working liquid is conveyed to the liquid outlet channel 2-3.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a hydrodynamic retarder rotor assembly of a multi-plate friction-hydrodynamic composite braking support bridge according to the present invention. The dynamic friction plates 6 are connected with the rotor impeller 14 through splines and driven by the rotor impeller 14 to rotate, and the left end and the right end of each dynamic friction plate 6 are provided with a fixed friction dual steel sheet 7. When the air pressure in the braking cylinder 3 is increased, the piston presses the friction plate, the dynamic friction plate 6 rubs the dual steel sheets 7 in a fixed friction mode to generate braking torque, and the braking torque is transmitted to the rotor impeller through the spline.
The invention is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the spirit and terms of the invention and any coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-piece friction-hydraulic composite braking support bridge is characterized in that: the hydraulic retarder comprises a support bridge part, a hydraulic retarder part, a multi-plate friction brake part and a speed increasing mechanism part; the hydrodynamic retarder part, the multi-plate friction brake part and the speed increasing mechanism part are integrally designed at the wheel edge part;
the supporting bridge part comprises a supporting axle housing, a wheel-side axle housing and a wheel hub; the wheel-side axle housing is arranged on the sun wheel shaft through a bearing and is connected with the supporting axle housing through a bolt; the wheel hub is arranged on the wheel-side axle housing through a bearing;
the hydraulic retarder part comprises a stator impeller and a rotor impeller, wherein the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are both in a blade structure, a liquid inlet flow channel, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of working liquid are arranged on the stator impeller, and the rotor impeller rotates along with a wheel through a sun wheel shaft;
the multi-plate friction brake part comprises a brake cylinder, a piston, a dynamic friction plate, a fixed friction dual steel sheet and a wave-shaped return spring, wherein the brake cylinder is fixed on a supporting axle housing, the piston is sleeved in the brake cylinder, a brake cylinder cover and a hydraulic retarder stator are integrally designed, the wave-shaped return spring is sleeved between the brake piston and the brake cylinder cover and is pressed by the brake cylinder cover, an inner hole spline groove of the dynamic friction plate is sleeved on a spline of the excircle of a rotor impeller of the hydraulic retarder, an excircle spline of the fixed friction dual steel sheet is sleeved on a left end inner hole spline groove of a wheel axle housing, the dynamic friction plate and the fixed friction dual steel sheet are sequentially arranged and can freely slide in the axial direction, the left end fixed friction dual steel sheet is pressed by the piston, and the right end fixed friction dual steel sheet is pressed by the wheel edge;
the speed increasing mechanism comprises a planet carrier, a gear ring, a sun wheel shaft and a planet wheel, the planet carrier is connected with a wheel hub and rotates along with the wheel, the gear ring is installed on a wheel axle housing, the sun wheel and a transmission shaft are integrally designed, and the planet wheel is installed on a planet wheel shaft on the planet carrier and transmits power to the sun wheel shaft to increase speed.
2. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic retarder and the multi-plate friction brake are integrally designed, when the hydraulic retarder is used for braking for a long time, the hydraulic retarder provides braking torque, and when the hydraulic retarder is used for emergency braking, the multi-plate friction brake with high response speed is used for braking.
3. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: the multi-piece friction brake cylinder is fixed on the supporting axle housing, the brake cylinder cover and the stator impeller are designed in an integrated mode, and the piston is returned by adopting a wave spring.
4. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: the blades of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller form a circular working cavity, and a certain gap is kept between the stator impeller and the rotor impeller; the blades of the stator impeller and the rotor impeller are straight blades, inclined blades or arc-shaped blades.
5. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: the working fluid of the hydrodynamic retarder enters the multi-plate friction brake, and the dynamic friction plate and the fixed friction dual steel plate are subjected to immersion cooling, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
6. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: the working liquid of the hydraulic retarder enters the axle cavity after consuming the kinetic energy of the vehicle, part of heat is dissipated by the axle cavity, then the working liquid is led to the external radiator, and enters the hydraulic retarder after dissipating heat to form circulation.
7. The multi-plate friction-hydraulic hybrid brake support bridge of claim 1, wherein: when the vehicle is braked for a long time, the multi-plate friction brake does not work, the working fluid enters the hydraulic retarder, flows to an external radiator after the kinetic energy of the vehicle is consumed, and the cooled working fluid enters the retarder again for circulation; when the vehicle is emergently braked, working fluid enters the retarder from the fluid inlet pipeline, the brake cylinder is pressurized at the same time, the piston is used for jacking the fixed friction dual steel sheet and the movable friction sheet to perform mechanical braking under the action of air pressure, and then the working fluid enters a working space of the friction sheet under the centrifugal action to cool the friction sheet; when the brake is not in a braking state, the working fluid does not enter the retarder, the wave-shaped return spring pushes the piston back, the fixed friction dual steel sheet and the dynamic friction sheet are loosened, and no braking torque is generated.
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| DE102022119113A1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Saf-Holland Gmbh | Brake cylinder for a vehicle brake |
| CN115163703A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-10-11 | 苏州亚太精睿传动科技股份有限公司 | Brake with hydraulic brake, braking method and mechanical equipment |
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