CN113756866A - Construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as coal gangue dump covering layer - Google Patents
Construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as coal gangue dump covering layer Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010879 coal refuse Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as a coal gangue dump covering layer, belonging to the technical field of mine ecological restoration; determining the type of the fly ash, determining the optimal water content of the fly ash, selecting the thickness of a covering layer, selecting covering compaction work, calculating the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, determining the critical air seepage velocity of the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump, and analyzing the thickness, compaction work and the pressure difference of the fly ash covering layer by using a gas permeation test so as to determine construction parameters; the method provides an effective implementation method for independently using the fly ash as the covering layer of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, solves the technical problem that the construction parameters are not clear when the fly ash is independently used as the covering layer, and effectively improves the utilization amount of the fly ash.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a construction parameter determination method for independently adopting coal ash as a coal gangue dump covering layer.
Background
The coal gangue is a solid waste discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and is a mining waste. The storage amount of the coal gangue is increased year by year; however, the utilization degree of the coal gangue is low at present, so that a large amount of coal gangue is accumulated to form a so-called coal gangue dump. Approximately one third of these dumps are over-pyrophoric. The spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump can not only pollute the atmosphere, but also release CO2、SO2The acid rain is formed by the action of the gases and the rain water, and collapse or explosion accidents are likely to happen in the rain period; in addition, toxic heavy metal elements in the coal gangue, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium and the like, permeate into soil through rainwater leaching, and pollute underground water.
At present, people mostly adopt clay or a mixture of the clay and fly ash to cover the surface of the coal gangue dump for treating the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, and then carry out mechanical rolling to prevent air from entering the inside of the coal gangue dump so as to achieve the effects of oxygen isolation and flame retardance. However, the method requires a large amount of earth, the current national policy for protecting cultivated land and land resources does not allow a large amount of excavation for surface covering soil, and the problems of damage to vegetation caused by large amount of soil taking, water and soil loss caused by large amount of soil taking and the like cannot be ignored. On the other hand, the treatment method is more difficult to be applied to the areas where the loess or clay resources are originally lacked.
The annual production amount of fly ash in China exceeds 1.5 million tons, a large amount of fly ash can cause serious pollution to atmosphere, water, soil and the like after being stacked for a long time, the fly ash is independently used as a flame-retardant covering layer of a coal gangue dump, the utilization amount of the fly ash can be increased, the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump can be treated, the resource utilization of the fly ash is realized, a series of environmental problems caused by the accumulation of the fly ash can be solved, and the method has very important practical significance for environmental protection.
However, compared with a clay covering layer, the fly ash covering layer has larger air permeability, so that the fly ash and the clay are still mixed for use at present, the construction parameters when the fly ash is used as the covering layer alone are not clear, and the purposes of oxygen isolation and flame retardance cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a construction parameter determination method which singly adopts fly ash as a coal gangue dump covering layer, so that the permeation speed of air is smaller than the critical value causing spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump, and the purposes of oxygen isolation and flame retardance are achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the construction parameter determination method for independently adopting the fly ash as the coal gangue dump flame-retardant covering layer comprises the following steps:
1) and (4) performing component analysis on the fly ash to determine the type of the fly ash.
2) And determining the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the fly ash.
3) And determining the thickness and the compaction degree of a covering layer formed by the fly ash, and determining compaction work adopted by the covering layer.
4) And calculating the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump.
5) And determining the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump.
6) The air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer is determined through the thickness of the fly ash covering layer, compaction work and the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump.
7) The air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer is compared with the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump to determine construction parameters, and the condition of preventing spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump is met.
Preferably, the component analysis in step 1) is to determine the chemical composition of the fly ash by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.
Preferably, in the step 2), the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the fly ash are determined by adopting a compaction test.
Preferably, in the step 3), the fly ash is compacted under the optimal moisture content obtained in the step 2), and more than 3 compaction works corresponding to compaction degrees of more than or equal to 90% are selected.
Preferably, in the step 4), the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion gangue dump is calculated according to the formula (1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the internal and external pressure difference of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: pa;
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3(ii) a g represents the acceleration of gravity, and is 9.81m/s2；HRepresents the height of the gangue dump, unit: m;Trepresents the internal temperature of the gangue dump, unit: k;T 0represents ambient temperature, in units: k;H irepresents any height of the gangue dump, and the unit is as follows: m;
the stacking angle of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: (iv) DEG;
denotes the wind flow pressure, unit: pa, which can be determined according to equation (2):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3；
Representing wind flow velocity, unit: m/s.
Preferably, in the step 5), the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump is determined through indoor tests.
Preferably, in the step 6), a single-factor variable analysis is performed by using a gas permeation test according to the thickness of the covering layer of the fly ash and the covering compaction work, so as to obtain the influence of the variable on the air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the prior method, the method for using the fly ash as the flame-retardant covering layer of the coal gangue dump does not need to excavate earth surface covering soil, thereby reducing the occupation of land resources. The fly ash is common industrial solid waste in power plants, a large amount of land is occupied by the discharge and accumulation of the fly ash, and the generated dust seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment and harms human health. The coal ash is independently adopted as the covering layer of the coal gangue dump, so that the resource recycling of the coal gangue dump is realized, the environmental problem caused by the mass accumulation of the coal ash is solved, the economic and environmental benefits are unified, and the coal gangue dump has important practical application significance.
2. The invention provides a corresponding construction parameter determination method aiming at the factors of the thickness of the covering layer, compaction work, pressure difference and the like, provides a solution for the solid waste utilization of the fly ash and the treatment of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, and has important practical significance for the economic benefit and the environment of a mining area.
3. The coal ash is selected as a covering layer material of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, and the release of alkaline substances in the coal ash improves the pH value of the coal gangue leachate, so that the improvement of the pH value is not only beneficial to the survival of organisms, but also beneficial to the ecological management of the coal gangue dump; and the oxidation of the pyrite in the coal gangue is inhibited, so that the acid pollution of the coal gangue dump is reduced. Meanwhile, the use of the fly ash reduces the sulfur content in the coal gangue dump leachate, prevents sulfur-containing compounds in the coal gangue leachate from entering surrounding soil and water, and has very obvious control effect on the pollution of high-sulfur coal gangue. Particularly, when loess is lacked on site as a covering layer material, the method can provide a test method and construction parameters for constructing the oxygen-insulating flame-retardant layer of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, lays a foundation for the subsequent realization of ecological management and restoration of the coal gangue dump, and has important practical significance for the economic benefit and the environment of a mining area.
The method of the invention provides an effective implementation method for independently using the fly ash as the spontaneous combustion covering layer, solves the technical problem that the fly ash cannot be independently used as the spontaneous combustion covering layer due to large air permeability, and effectively improves the utilization amount of the fly ash.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
A construction parameter determination method for independently adopting fly ash as a coal gangue dump flame-retardant covering layer specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1) chemical composition analysis was performed on the selected fly ash by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and the results are shown in table 1, from which table 1 it can be seen that the fly ash used was ordinary fly ash (PC ash).
TABLE 1 basic chemical composition of fly ash
Step 2) determining the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the fly ash by adopting a compaction test according to GBT 50123 and 2019 geotechnical test method standard; the compaction hammer is 2.5kg of light compaction hammer, the diameter of the hammer bottom is 51mm, and the drop distance is 305 mm; the inner diameter of the compaction cylinder is 102mm, the height of the compaction cylinder is 116mm, and the volume of the compaction cylinder is 947.4m3. Preparing samples according to the water content with the difference of about 2 percent in sequence, compacting 3 layers when compacting, compacting for 25 times each layer, calculating the corresponding dry density, and compacting by compaction experimentsThe optimum water content of the selected fly ash is 18 percent, and the corresponding maximum dry density is 1.095g/cm3. Fly ash with water content of 18% is prepared for test.
And 3) selecting the thicknesses of the covering layers of 20cm, 30cm and 40cm for testing according to the actual engineering condition.
And 4) preparing the fly ash with the water content of 18% according to the optimal water content and the maximum dry density in the step 2), compacting the prepared fly ash by using a compaction instrument, calculating corresponding compaction degrees, and selecting more than 3 compaction works corresponding to the compaction degrees which are more than or equal to 90% as shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Dry Density and compaction at different compaction powers
As shown in Table 2, when the compaction frequency of each layer of fly ash reaches 6 times, i.e. the compaction work per unit volume is 142.12 kJ/m for carrying out the thin film processing, the compaction degree can reach 0.9; when the compaction frequency of each layer of fly ash reaches 14 times, namely the compaction work per unit volume is 331.61 kJ/m for carrying out the cultivation, the compaction degree can reach 0.955. So the selected compaction work is 150kJ/m3、250kJ/m3、350kJ/m3、450kJ/m3And 550kJ/m3Tests were carried out.
And step 5) calculating the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump, wherein the calculation can be carried out according to the formula (1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the internal and external pressure difference of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: pa;
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3(ii) a g represents the acceleration of gravity, and is 9.81m/s2；HRepresents the height of the gangue dump, unit: m;Trepresents the internal temperature of the gangue dump, unit: k;T 0represents ambient temperature, in units: k;H irepresents any height of the gangue dump, and the unit is as follows: m;
the stacking angle of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: (iv) DEG;
denotes the wind flow pressure, unit: pa, which can be determined according to equation (2):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3；
Representing wind flow velocity, unit: m/s.
During calculation, 253K, 263K, 273K, 283K, 293K and 303K are respectively taken as the environment temperature, 350K and 1200K are respectively taken as the internal temperature of the gangue dump, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 40 degrees and 45 degrees are respectively taken as the stacking angles of the gangue dump, 60m is taken as the height of the gangue dump, 2m/s and 6m/s are taken as the wind speed, the pressure at different positions with the height of the gangue dump of 5m, 10m, 15m, 20m, 30m, 40m, 50m and 60m is calculated, and the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump is calculated to be 0.001 MPa.
And 6) determining the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump through an indoor test. The method adopted in the test is to place the coal gangue in a constant temperature test furnace, supply gas to the coal gangue by a vacuum pump, and test the temperature in the coal gangue by a thermocouple. The temperature of the bottom of the test furnace is kept constant and is controlled to be about 300 ℃. The burning point of the coal gangue adopted in the test is 395-400 ℃, and when the temperature in the coal gangue reaches 400 ℃, the burning point is higher than that of the coal gangueAnd in the above step, the coal gangue is considered to be burnt. And observing the temperature of each point of the coal gangue under different air flow rates, and if the temperature of each point is lower than 300 ℃ and the temperature of each point is still stable and unchanged after continuous 72 hours, considering that the coal gangue cannot generate spontaneous combustion under the condition. The test result shows that the air flow rate in the gangue is 4.4 multiplied by 10-5At m/s, the coal refuse does not spontaneously combust, so it is believed that the air flow rate in the refuse dump is less than 4.4X 10-5At m/s, namely 0.044mm/s, the coal gangue can not generate spontaneous combustion.
And 7) aiming at the thickness and compaction work of the coal ash cover layer, performing single-factor variable analysis by adopting a gas permeation test to obtain the influence of the variable on the air seepage velocity in the coal ash cover layer, and comparing the influence with the critical air seepage velocity of the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump obtained in the step 6) of 0.044mm/s to determine the construction parameters.
The method of the gas permeation test is as follows: controlling the thickness and compaction work of the fly ash, filling the fly ash into a cylindrical container with holes at two ends, and pressurizing one end of the cylindrical container to 0.001MPa by using an air pump; the other end of the cylindrical vessel was vented to atmosphere throughout the pressurization process, and the air flow rate at that end was measured by a gas flow meter.
The prepared fly ash with the water content of 18% is subjected to a gas permeation test under 5 compaction works and 3 covering layer thicknesses, and the corresponding seepage velocity is measured, and is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 seepage velocity at a differential pressure of 0.001MPa
When the compaction work is 150kJ/m3And 250 kJ/m3When the thickness of the covering layer is 20cm and 30cm, the air seepage velocity is more than 0.044mm/s, and the condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump cannot be met; when the compaction work is 350 kJ/m3When the thickness of the covering layer is 20cm, the air seepage velocity is more than 0.044mm/s, and the condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump cannot be met; when the compaction work is 450 kJ/m3And 550 kJ/m3At the moment, the seepage velocity of the air under 3 thicknesses is less than 0.044mm/s, and the condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump is met.
In summary, when the water content of the fly ash is 18%, if the thickness of the covering layer is 20cm, the compaction work should reach 450 kJ/m3The condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the gangue dump can be met; if the thickness of the covering layer is 30cm, the compaction work should reach 350 kJ/m3The condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the gangue dump can be met; if the thickness of the covering layer is 40cm, the above 5 compaction works can all meet the condition of preventing the spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The construction parameter determination method for singly adopting the fly ash as the gangue dump covering layer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) performing component analysis on the fly ash to determine the type of the fly ash;
2) determining the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the fly ash;
3) determining the thickness and the compaction degree of a covering layer formed by the fly ash, and determining compaction work adopted by the covering layer;
4) calculating the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump;
5) determining the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the gangue dump;
6) determining the air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer through the thickness of the fly ash covering layer, compaction work and the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion coal gangue dump;
7) the air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer is compared with the critical air seepage velocity of spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump to determine construction parameters, and the condition of preventing spontaneous combustion of the coal gangue dump is met.
2. The method for determining construction parameters by solely using fly ash as a gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein the component analysis in the step 1) is to determine chemical components of the fly ash by X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis.
3. The method for determining the construction parameters by solely using the fly ash as the gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the optimal water content and the maximum dry density of the fly ash are determined by adopting a compaction test.
4. The method for determining construction parameters by solely using fly ash as a gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the fly ash is compacted under the obtained optimal water content, and more than 3 compaction works corresponding to compaction degrees of more than or equal to 90% are selected.
5. The method for determining the construction parameters by solely using the fly ash as the gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the maximum internal and external pressure difference of the spontaneous combustion gangue dump is calculated according to the formula (1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the internal and external pressure difference of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: pa;
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3(ii) a g represents the acceleration of gravity, and is 9.81m/s2；HRepresents the height of the gangue dump, unit: m;Tindicating gangueStone hill internal temperature, unit: k;T 0represents ambient temperature, in units: k;H irepresents any height of the gangue dump, and the unit is as follows: m;
the stacking angle of the gangue dump is expressed as unit: (iv) DEG;
denotes the wind flow pressure, unit: pa, which can be determined according to equation (2):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the air density in ambient temperature, in units: kg/m3；
Representing wind flow velocity, unit: m/s.
6. The method for determining the construction parameters by solely using the fly ash as the coal gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the critical air seepage velocity of the coal gangue dump for spontaneous combustion is determined through an indoor test.
7. The method for determining construction parameters by solely using fly ash as a gangue dump covering layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), single-factor variable analysis is performed by using a gas permeation test according to the covering layer thickness and the covering compaction work of the fly ash, so as to obtain the influence of the variable on the air seepage velocity in the fly ash covering layer.
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