CN113756273A - Direct loading load test device for three-dimensional loading body - Google Patents
Direct loading load test device for three-dimensional loading body Download PDFInfo
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- CN113756273A CN113756273A CN202010527855.5A CN202010527855A CN113756273A CN 113756273 A CN113756273 A CN 113756273A CN 202010527855 A CN202010527855 A CN 202010527855A CN 113756273 A CN113756273 A CN 113756273A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a direct loading load test device of a three-dimensional loading body, which is a foundation load test device for directly applying upper weighting on a bearing plate to measure the pressure and the settlement deformation of foundation soil. The invention idea of the invention is as follows: direct loading, i.e. vertical: loading directly under free dynamics. Horizontal direction: during the test, no horizontal displacement of the loading body can occur. The direct loading load test device of the three-dimensional loading body is characterized in that a steel bar stand column fixed on a rectangular steel plate frame on the ground is used for maintaining the vertical stability of the loading body and limiting the horizontal displacement. The steel bar upright post is provided with a camera which is directly opposite to the bearing plate, the bearing plate is positioned in the center of the rectangular frame, the pressure measuring instrument and the deposition measuring instrument are arranged on the bearing plate, and a reading display cabinet for displaying the reading of the instrument and the state of the bearing plate is arranged outside the bearing plate. The material of the solid carrier can be iron, concrete and the like. The loading pad, the unequal-side carriers and the equal-side carriers are superposed layer by layer, the weight is applied to the bearing plate, the pressure p value and the settlement deformation quantity borne by the foundation soil are measured, and the pressure-deformation curve p-s drawn by the pressure value and the settlement value measured by the method is directly correct.
Description
1. Background of the invention
At present, the loading mode of a foundation soil loading test test of construction foundation detection technical specification 340 and 2015 Chapter 4 soil (rock) foundation loading test is indirect. The upper part is provided with a loading platform, the loading platform is weighted, the pressurization between the pressure bearing plate and the loading platform is indirectly completed through a jack, and the p value on the p-s curve and the actual loading value are questioned.
2. Summary of the invention
The device of the invention is a direct loading load test device of a three-dimensional loading body
2.1 idea of the invention
A direct loading device: and a load testing device which directly applies the weight on the bearing plate.
The vertical direction is as follows: loading directly under free dynamics.
Horizontal direction: during the test, no horizontal displacement of the loading body can occur.
2.2 summary of the invention
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device comprises a vertical stability and reading display device, a loading device and an operation and control implementation part.
2.2.1 vertical stabilization and reading display device
This device belongs to a preparation device before loading.
2.2.1.1, horizontal rectangular frame: the steel bars are arranged on the ground and connected into a square frame which can fix the steel bar upright post by using strip-shaped rectangular steel plates. The steel bar upright posts are erected from the ground to limit the loading body to be a whole.
2.2.1.2, steel bar column: and the steel bar upright columns are arranged on the horizontal rectangular frame and are fixed up and down by screws. The steel bar upright post keeps the vertical level of the loading body by utilizing the principle of limiting the horizontal displacement of the loading body. The steel bar upright column described in the application also meets the functional requirements of thick-walled steel pipes and the like.
2.2.1.3, bearing plate and instrument camera device
2.2.1.3.1, pressure bearing plate positioning ruler and pressure bearing plate: the bearing plate positioning ruler is a ruler which is made of steel bars and is used for determining the center position of a bearing plate through a rectangular frame. And determining the position of the bearing plate by using a bearing plate positioning ruler. The bearing plate is a steel plate which displays the pressure and the settlement deformation of the foundation soil by a loading pad on the lower foundation soil. The technical characteristics are as follows: the lower foundation soil is loaded with a pad, carriers with unequal side lengths and equal side lengths. And a pressure measuring instrument and a settlement measuring instrument are arranged on the bearing plate.
2.2.1.3.2, instrument: a pressure measuring instrument arranged on the pressure bearing plate and used for displaying the upper pressurizing weight and a settlement testing instrument used for displaying the settlement deformation of the foundation soil.
2.2.1.3.3, camera: and a camera arranged below the steel bar upright post enables the camera to be directly opposite to the edge of the bearing plate.
2.2.1.3.4, data status display cabinet: a display pressure measuring instrument and a display foundation soil settlement deformation measuring instrument which are arranged on the bearing plate and a cabinet which is arranged on the steel bar and is provided with a display screen for displaying the edge state of the bearing plate monitored by a camera. And the instrument on the bearing plate and the camera on the steel bar upright post are electrically connected with the instrument and the display screen in the data state display cabinet.
2.2.1.4, loading body leveling device: the device is a leveling measure which is adopted for preventing local instability of the loading body caused by non-uniformity of foundation soil of a test site or unforeseen factors in the test environment test process.
2.2.1.4.1, horizontal enclosure fixing and supporting: this is the enclosure support to be made before loading. The anchor feet of the jacks on the concrete buttress are fixed on the rectangular steel plate, the upper parts of the concrete buttress are fixedly connected by a thin horizontal steel rod, a wood pad is added between the steel rod and the extending arm in the test process, so that the whole cubic loading device forms a whole, and the vertical instability of the loading body measured by the level gauge in the test process is leveled by the jacks.
2.2.1.4.2, single support: the vertical leveling support is pertinently made at any time according to the instability condition of the loading body in the loading process. And a jack on the concrete buttress is not fixed, a steel plate with a larger area is paved at the bottom of the concrete buttress, and the local leveling of the loading body is carried out by using the jack on a single concrete buttress according to the instability part of the loading body.
2.2.2 stereoscopic Loading device with Carrier
The loading weight of the three-dimensional loading body direct loading load test device is the superposition and accumulation of the weight of the three-dimensional loading body from bottom to top. The three-dimensional carrier that adds above the bearing plate is from upwards doing down in proper order: loading pad, loading carrier with different side length, loading carrier with equal side length.
2.2.2.1, loading pad: is a cushion which has the same area with the bearing plate and is inserted into a rectangular socket space of which the bottom layer has different side lengths and the center of the bottom of the carrier. There are rectangular and circular shapes. Typically a rectangle 0.707 x 0.707m2Is 0.50m2. The diameter of the pile foundation is phi 600mm, phi 800mm and the like. The technical characteristics are as follows: the lower bearing plate is provided with carriers with unequal side lengths and the carriers with equal side lengths. The function is as follows: prevent to subside the soil of back pressure-bearing board periphery, transmit upper portion pressure.
2.2.2.2, adding carriers with different side lengths: the loading pad and the loading carrier with equal length are provided with the loading carriers with different side lengths. The technical characteristics are as follows: the loading pad below is provided with an equilateral long loading carrier. The function is as follows: the loading purpose is realized by a base formed by upward transition of the loading body from the loading pad to the equilateral long loading body. Starting from the loading pad, in order to integrally form a loading base with a small lower part and a large upper part, the external placing size of the loading body with different side lengths is less than or equal to the thickness of the loading body. The angle of the inclined plane of the loading base is more than or equal to 45 degrees. Outward has a cantilever to limit the horizontal displacement of the loaded carrier.
And rectangular insertion openings with the same size as the plane of the loading pad are formed in the centers of the bottommost parts of the bottom layers with different side lengths and the bottom of the carrier, and the loading pad is inserted during loading so as to fix the horizontal displacement of the loading pad.
2.2.2.3, equilateral long-strand addition support: and the loading carrier is arranged on the loading carriers with different side lengths and fixed size. The technical characteristics are as follows: the carrier is arranged on the carriers with different side lengths. The function is as follows: and (4) loading. The equal side length plus the carrier area plus the carrier weight.
The extension arms with different side lengths and the carriers with equal side lengths are provided with holes for inserting steel bars, holes for threading steel wire ropes and grooves. The technical characteristics are as follows: and the steel bar upright posts are inserted into the holes of the steel bar insertion, so that the vertical stability and the horizontal displacement of the added carrier are limited. The holes and grooves for the steel wire ropes to pass through are used for hoisting by adding carriers.
The material of the stereo loading body is all materials which can meet the direct loading functional technical scheme of the stereo loading body, such as: iron, concrete and other new materials which may appear in three-dimensional structures.
2.2.3, control implementation
2.2.3.1, mounting a vertical stabilizing and reading display device on the preparation device before the loading of the three-dimensional loading body direct loading load test device according to the description of 2.2.1 and the vertical stabilizing and reading display device, and then loading.
2.2.3.2, load handling implementation
The loading pad is accurately placed on the bearing plate. Inserting the holes on the extending arms of the bottommost unequal loading bodies into the steel bar stand columns correspondingly by using a crane, inserting the loading pads into the rectangular spaces below the bottommost unequal loading bodies, and moving the positions of the bearing plates and the loading pads along with the positions of the unequal loading bodies when deviation exists. Inserting each layer of inequilateral loading bodies into the steel bar upright column layer by using a crane to form a loading base in a three-dimensional manner. Inserting the equilateral loading body into the steel bar upright column layer by using a crane, and loading layer by layer.
In the loading process, when a horizontally fixed enclosure support is arranged, a skid is added between a horizontal enclosure steel bar and an extending arm at any time, and when a loading body is unstable, a jack on a concrete support is used for directly leveling. When the horizontal enclosure is not fixedly supported, the jack on a single concrete support squat is used for leveling according to the unstable position.
In the loading process, according to the loading interval time and the loading level, the pressure and the settlement value are read at any time in the data state display cabinet, the state on the bearing plate is observed, the loading is operated according to the relevant load test 'standard', and the pressurization data and the corresponding settlement observation data are recorded. And terminating the loading until the specification terminating loading condition is met.
2.2.1.3.3, drawing a pressure-deformation curve, namely a p-s curve.
And drawing a pressure-deformation curve, namely a p-s curve according to the pressure and settlement data in the loading process of the foundation soil displayed by the corresponding time of the data state display cabinet.
3. The invention has the advantages of
The p value of the upper pressure measured on the pressure bearing plate is consistent with the actual loading value when the direct loading device operates, and a pressure-deformation curve, namely a p-s curve drawn by the pressure and settlement data of the foundation soil measured by the direct loading device is direct, real and correct.
The invention is described in the specification and drawings.
The vertical loading body of fig. 1 directly loads the loading test test device elevation: the rectangle frame that subaerial thick wall steel sheet was done, the excellent stand of steel on the rectangle frame, the bearing plate at rectangle frame center installs pressure measurement instrument settlement measuring instrument on the bearing plate, installs the camera on the excellent stand of steel and directly to the camera of bearing plate, has the data status display cabinet far away, camera and data status display cabinet electric connection on the instrument excellent steel on the bearing plate. Weight adding on the bearing plate: the loading pad, the scalene plus carrier of the bottommost layer insert the scalene plus carrier of the loading pad, the scalene plus carrier. And adding the carrier on unequal sides, inserting the hole for adding the carrier into the steel bar when the carrier is added on the equal sides, and slowly loading.
Fig. 2 data display cabinet: and a pressure measuring instrument settlement measuring instrument on the pressure bearing plate, and a camera for monitoring the state of the pressure bearing plate are electrically connected with a cabinet for displaying the data state. The pressure and sedimentation data on the pressure bearing plate and the state of the pressure bearing plate when pressed can be seen from the cabinet.
FIG. 3 restriction of horizontal displacement limits vertical destabilizer plane: the steel bar hole on the rectangle frame and the rectangle frame on the ground, the jack on the concrete buttress at the corner, the horizontal enclosure steel bar of the buttress.
FIG. 4 horizontal displacement limiting vertical destabilizing device elevation: the device comprises a rectangular frame on the ground, a steel bar upright column on the rectangular frame, a jack on a corner concrete buttress, a horizontal steel bar of the buttress for enclosing, a pressure measuring instrument, a settlement measuring instrument and a camera for monitoring a pressure-bearing plate.
Fig. 5 equal side length plus carrier plane: the rectangle with equal side length is provided with a hole for inserting a steel bar, and the back of the front side is provided with a groove and a hole for threading a steel wire rope and a steel wire rope.
FIG. 6 shows the plane of the unequal loading bodies with side lengths: the rectangle from bottom to top is from little grow length of side inequality to have the loading body of an extensional arm, adds the skid between horizontal enclosure steel bar and the extensional arm. The steel bar inserting hole is arranged, and the groove and the hole for penetrating the steel wire rope and the steel wire rope are arranged on the front surface and the back surface.
Fig. 7 load pad socket plane elevation: the lower part of the inequilateral loading body at the bottommost layer is provided with a socket with a plane equal to the area of the loading pad.
Fig. 8 pressure bearing plate and gauge plane elevation: the pressure-measuring instrument and the settlement-measuring instrument are arranged on the bearing plate in pairs.
Claims (6)
1. Rectangular frame: and the banded rectangular steel plate frame is arranged on the ground and used for fixing the steel bar stand columns. The technical characteristics are as follows: the steel bar column is arranged on the ground, and a thick-wall rectangular steel plate for fixing the steel bar column can be installed. The planar dimensions are determined by the weight of the carrier material and the individual carriers.
2. The steel bar stand and the three-dimensional carrier are provided with holes for inserting the steel bars: and the horizontal displacement is limited on the horizontal rectangular frame to ensure a vertically stable steel bar stand column, and a hole for inserting a steel bar is formed in the three-dimensional carrier. The technical characteristics are as follows: the diameter of the steel bar upright post is subject to the limitation of horizontal displacement of the feeding carrier or the feeding bin. The height is determined according to the total loading weight and the loading body material of the loading test. The steel bar upright column described in the application can meet functional requirements, and can be a plurality of steel bar upright columns, and can also be various upright columns meeting the functional requirements, such as thick-wall steel pipes. The aperture of the steel rod inserted on the three-dimensional carrier is more than or equal to 2mm of the diameter of the steel rod.
3. Loading a cushion: the bearing plate and the side length are different, and a pad is arranged between the carriers. The technical characteristics are as follows: the load-bearing device comprises a rectangular or round cube, a load-bearing plate is arranged below the rectangular or round cube, and carriers with unequal side lengths and the weights of the carriers with the equal side lengths are borne above a load pad. The side lengths are different, carrier extending arms are added, and holes for limiting horizontal displacement of the carriers with the equal side lengths are added to maintain vertical and stable steel bar inserting upright columns.
4. Adding carriers with different side lengths: the loading pad and the loading carrier with equal length are provided with the loading carrier with different side lengths and the extending arm. The technical characteristics are as follows: the external dimension of each side of each layer is less than or equal to the thickness of the loading body, and the angle of the inclined plane of the loading base is more than or equal to 45 degrees. The loading pad is arranged below the loading bodies with different side lengths, and the loading pad is used for bearing the weight of the carriers with the same side length.
5. Space for inserting load pad: the bottom layer has different side lengths and is provided with a space for inserting the loading pad below the loading body. The technical characteristics are as follows: and the bottom layer has different side lengths and is provided with a space with the same size as the plane of the loading pad.
6. Equilateral long addition of support: and the loading bodies are arranged on the loading bodies with different side lengths and fixed sizes. The technical characteristics are as follows: each side is 30cm larger than the edge of the steel bar upright post. The thickness was determined according to the individual load test plus the weight of the carrier and the three-dimensional carrier material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010527855.5A CN113756273A (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Direct loading load test device for three-dimensional loading body |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010527855.5A CN113756273A (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Direct loading load test device for three-dimensional loading body |
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| CN113756273A true CN113756273A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103344495A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Test device for servo control of deep rock mass deformation by using rigid bearing plate center hole method, and method for device |
| WO2016196734A1 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-08 | Ramesh Chandra Gupta | Test device for determining three-dimensional consolidation properties of soils |
| CN208748717U (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-04-16 | 河北华宇工程检测有限公司 | A kind of building pile foundation dead-load detection device |
| CN210177554U (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-03-24 | 东莞市广强建筑基础工程有限公司 | Pile foundation static load test equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-06-03 CN CN202010527855.5A patent/CN113756273A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103344495A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-09 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Test device for servo control of deep rock mass deformation by using rigid bearing plate center hole method, and method for device |
| WO2016196734A1 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-08 | Ramesh Chandra Gupta | Test device for determining three-dimensional consolidation properties of soils |
| CN208748717U (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-04-16 | 河北华宇工程检测有限公司 | A kind of building pile foundation dead-load detection device |
| CN210177554U (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-03-24 | 东莞市广强建筑基础工程有限公司 | Pile foundation static load test equipment |
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