CN113754451A - Refractory brick prepared from industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refractory brick prepared from industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refractory brick prepared from industrial solid wastes and a preparation method thereof, wherein the refractory brick is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3 mm; 15-20 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1 mm; 6-25 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088 mm; 15-34 parts of silica fume; v2O52-5 parts; 5 parts of phosphoric acid; 6-12 parts of water. The method provided by the invention adopts the metallurgical waste vanadium slag with high added value as a main raw material, provides a single aluminum source, and is assisted with silica fume to obtain the high-aluminum refractory brick through molding and sintering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refractory brick, in particular to a refractory brick prepared by using industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vanadium slag is a byproduct associated with the production of ferrovanadium by an aluminothermic method, and the annual output of the ferrovanadium increases along with the continuous acceleration of the industrialization process of China. Utilization of vanadium slag is currently mostly used for residual V2O5However, a large amount of solid waste still exists after extraction, the problem of the metallurgical waste is not solved fundamentally, and the purification measures have the defects of complex manufacturing process, high energy consumption, high cost and the like, so that a way of utilizing the solid waste of vanadium slag with high added value and high efficiency is found out.
The development of the refractory material industry is relatively consistent with the pace of industrialized development in China, particularly for the metallurgical industry, refractory bricks with good performance can be prepared, and the refractory castable material has a crucial influence on enterprises and even the whole refractory material industry. At present, magnesite and bauxite are mainly used to synthesize magnesium-aluminum refractory bricks, and kaolin and bauxite are mainly used to synthesize siliceous refractory bricks. The high-alumina refractory brick is Al according to the national standard specification2O3A silicon-aluminum series refractory material with the content of more than 48 percent. Due to Al2O3Has the characteristics of a neutral refractory material, good slag resistance, good thermal stability, high refractoriness and the like. But the disadvantage is due to SiO2The alkali resistance of the material is lower than the acid resistance, the mullite is not uniformly formed, and the columnar mullite content is less.
The main chemical component contained in the vanadium slag is Al2O3、CaO、SiO2And MgO, and most of the ferrovanadium slag belongs to high-alumina metallurgical waste slag, Al2O3The content of the silicon-aluminum-based refractory brick can reach 65-85 wt.%, and the possibility is provided for preparing the silicon-aluminum-based high-aluminum-based refractory brick. Therefore, the refractory brick prepared by using the vanadium slag and the high-purity silica fume can reduce the development of mineral resources, improve the environmental problem caused by long-term accumulation of the vanadium slag and meet the concept of sustainable development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a refractory brick prepared by using industrial solid waste and a preparation method thereof. The method adopts the metallurgical waste vanadium slag with high added value as a main raw material, provides a single aluminum source, and is assisted with silica fume to obtain the high-aluminum refractory brick through molding and sintering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The refractory brick prepared by utilizing industrial solid wastes is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-45 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
15-20 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1 mm;
6-25 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088 mm;
15-34 parts of silica fume;
V2O52-5 parts;
5 parts of phosphoric acid;
6-12 parts of water.
Further, the refractory brick prepared by utilizing industrial solid waste is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
44 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
19 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1 mm;
22 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088 mm;
15 parts of silica fume;
V2O53 parts of a mixture;
5 parts of phosphoric acid;
and 8 parts of water.
Preferably, the vanadium slag is high-aluminum vanadium slag, and Al of the high-aluminum vanadium slag2O3Content 65-85 wt.%; the silica fume is high-purity silica fume, SiO2The content is more than 90 wt.%, and the particle size of the silica fume is less than 0.088 mm.
The preparation method of the refractory brick prepared by utilizing industrial solid wastes comprises the following steps:
feeding large vanadium slag blocks into a crusher for crushing;
adding the crushed vanadium slag into a ball mill for grinding;
thirdly, screening out the vanadium slag with the grain size of 1-3mm as a coarse aggregate, the vanadium slag with the grain size of 0.088-1mm as a fine aggregate, and the vanadium slag with the grain size of less than 0.088mm as powder;
mixing and stirring the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in parts by weight for 15 min; adding the powder, the silica fume and the V in parts by weight2O5Stirring for 15min, mixing uniformly, adding the water in parts by weight, stirring for 15min, adding the phosphoric acid in parts by weight, stirring for 15min, and ageing the uniformly mixed raw materials to form a mixture;
fifthly, the mixture is put into a mold and is pressed and molded at the constant pressure of 100 plus 150Mpa for 120 plus 180 seconds;
standing for 1d at normal temperature (20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90 percent), and drying for 12-24h in an electric heating blast drying machine at 110 +/-5 ℃;
seventhly, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, sintering the mixture for 3 to 5 hours at the temperature of 1350-.
Preferably, the step (i) is to crush the large vanadium slag by using an Escherchia crusher.
Preferably, the step two is to perform dry ball milling on the crushed vanadium slag by adopting a ball mill, wherein the weight part ratio of the grinding balls to the vanadium slag is 5-10: 1, the grinding time is 3-4h, and the rotation speed is 1000-1420 r/min.
Preferably, the ageing time of the step (iv) is 1.5 to 2 hours.
Preferably, the Fe in the mixture is washed by magnetic washing2O3Controlled to within 1 wt.%.
Preferably, the temperature rising rate of 0-1000 ℃ of the sintering temperature is controlled to be 10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 1000 ℃ for 20-30min, the temperature rising rate of 1000-1500 ℃ is controlled to be 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept at 1400 ℃ for 20-30 min.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the method adopts metallurgy waste high-aluminum vanadium slag with high added value as a main raw material, provides a single aluminum source, is assisted by high-purity silica fume as a unique silicon source, and is doped with V2O5And as an additive, selecting phosphoric acid as a binder, and performing crushing, ball milling, screening, modification, mixing, ageing, compacting, drying, sintering and the like to obtain the high-alumina refractory brick. The prepared refractory brick has a permanent linear change rate of-0.4-0.1%, an apparent porosity of less than 22%, a normal-temperature compressive strength of 45-56MPa, a breaking strength of 17-21MPa, a refractoriness of not less than 1750 ℃, a high refractoriness, a good thermal stability, a compact structure and a good slag corrosion resistance, and can be used in the high-temperature metallurgy industry, high-temperature furnace lining and the like.
The invention adopts a magnetic washing method to modify the mixture, and Fe2O3And the content of the additive is controlled within 1 wt.%, so that the additive is prevented from reacting with other substances at high temperature, and the refractoriness and mechanical property of the material are reduced.
The method has the advantages of wide raw material source, low price, low energy consumption and relatively simple preparation process, realizes the secondary utilization of solid waste residue resources, has the solid waste utilization rate of up to 95 percent when the method is used for preparing the refractory brick, greatly reduces the preparation cost of the refractory brick due to the solid waste utilization rate with high added value, and provides a new way for preparing the high-aluminum refractory brick.
In the invention, V is added2O5Decomposition of the V oxide in the temperature range of 700-1125 DEG C2O4With Al2O3React to form a solid solution, the presence of which activates Al2O3Thereby promoting sintering. Due to V2O5The mullite is promoted to grow into a net structure rapidly, and finally grows into a columnar structure on the basis, so that the mullite structure is more compact, and the corrosion resistance of the mullite is improved. The reaction process can be expressed as follows:
primary mullite treatment:
secondary mullite treatment:
therefore, the refractory brick is prepared by using the vanadium slag and the high-purity silica fume, so that the development of mineral resources can be reduced, the problems of underground water deterioration and environmental deterioration caused by long-term accumulation of the vanadium slag can be solved, the diversity of refractory material preparation is increased, and the concept of sustainable development is met.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
the refractory brick prepared by using industrial solid wastes in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3mm, 15kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1mm, 6kg of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088mm, 34kg of silica fume and V2O52kg, 5kg phosphoric acid and 6kg water. Wherein the vanadium slag is high-aluminum vanadium slag containing Al2O365-85 wt.%, and the silica fume is high-purity silica fume, SiO of the silica fume2The content is more than 90 wt.%, and the particle size of the silica fume is less than 0.088 mm.
The preparation method of the refractory brick prepared by using the industrial solid waste comprises the following steps:
feeding large vanadium slag into an Escholtz crusher for crushing;
secondly, adding the crushed vanadium slag into a ball mill for dry ball milling, wherein the weight part ratio of the grinding balls to the vanadium slag is 10: 1, grinding for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min;
thirdly, screening out the vanadium slag with the grain size of 1-3mm as a coarse aggregate, taking the vanadium slag with the grain size of 0.088-1mm as a fine aggregate, and taking the vanadium slag with the grain size of less than 0.088mm as powder.
Mixing and stirring the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate for 15 min; adding the powder, the silica fume and the V according to the weight2O5Stirring for 15min, mixing uniformly, adding water with the weight, stirring for 15min, adding phosphoric acid with the weight, stirring for 15min, and ageing the uniformly mixed raw materials for 1.5h to form a mixture; magnetic washing method is utilized to remove Fe in the mixture2O3Controlled to within 1 wt.%.
Fifthly, filling the mixture into a mold, and performing constant-pressure extrusion molding under the molding pressure of 100Mpa by adopting a semi-dry compaction method, wherein the constant-load time is 120 s;
standing for 1d at normal temperature (20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90 percent), and drying for 12h in an electric heating blast drying machine at the temperature of 110 +/-5 ℃;
seventhly, placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be sintered for 3 hours at 1350 ℃, controlling the sintering temperature to be 0-1000 ℃ and the heating rate to be 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 20 minutes at 1000 ℃, continuing to preserve the heat for 3 hours at 1350 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and finally cooling the mixture to the room temperature along with the furnace.
Example 2:
the refractory brick of this example differs from example 1 in that: the content of raw materials for preparing the refractory bricks is different.
The refractory brick prepared by using industrial solid wastes in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 44kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3mm, 19kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1mm, 22kg of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088mm, 15kg of silica fume and V2O53kg, 5kg phosphoric acid and 8kg water. The rest is the same as example 1.
The preparation method of the refractory brick prepared by using the industrial solid waste comprises the following steps:
feeding large vanadium slag into an Escholtz crusher for crushing;
secondly, adding the crushed vanadium slag into a ball mill for dry ball milling, wherein the weight part ratio of the grinding balls to the vanadium slag is 8: 1, grinding for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 1300 r/min;
thirdly, screening out the vanadium slag with the grain size of 1-3mm as a coarse aggregate, the vanadium slag with the grain size of 0.088-1mm as a fine aggregate, and the vanadium slag with the grain size of less than 0.088mm as powder.
Mixing and stirring the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate for 15 min; adding the weightAmount of powder, silica fume, V2O5Stirring for 15min, mixing uniformly, adding water with the weight, stirring for 15min, adding phosphoric acid with the weight, stirring for 15min, and ageing the uniformly mixed raw materials for 2h to form a mixture; and the magnetic washing method is utilized to wash Fe in the mixture2O3Controlled to within 1 wt.%.
Fifthly, filling the mixture into a mold, and performing constant-pressure extrusion molding under the molding pressure of 120Mpa by adopting a semi-dry compaction method, wherein the constant-load time is 150 s;
standing for 1d at normal temperature (20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90 percent), and drying for 18h in an electric heating blast dryer at the temperature of 110 +/-5 ℃;
and placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to be sintered for 4 hours at the high temperature of 1400 ℃, controlling the sintering temperature to be 0-1000 ℃, keeping the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 25 minutes, continuing to keep the temperature at 1400 ℃ for 4 hours at the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min, and finally cooling the mixture to the room temperature along with the furnace.
Example 3:
the refractory brick of this example differs from example 1 in that: the content of raw materials for preparing the refractory bricks is different.
The refractory brick prepared by using industrial solid wastes in the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3mm, 20kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1mm, 25kg of vanadium slag with the particle size of less than 0.088mm, 25kg of silica fume and V2O55kg, 5kg phosphoric acid and 12kg water.
The preparation method of the refractory brick prepared by using the industrial solid waste comprises the following steps:
feeding large vanadium slag into an Escholtz crusher for crushing;
secondly, adding the crushed vanadium slag into a ball mill for dry ball milling, wherein the weight part ratio of the grinding balls to the vanadium slag is 5: 1, grinding for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 1420 r/min;
thirdly, screening out the vanadium slag with the grain size of 1-3mm as a coarse aggregate, the vanadium slag with the grain size of 0.088-1mm as a fine aggregate, and the vanadium slag with the grain size of less than 0.088mm as a powder.
Mixing the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate according to the weightStirring for 15 min; adding the powder, the silica fume and the V according to the weight2O5Stirring for 15min, mixing uniformly, adding water with the weight, stirring for 15min, adding phosphoric acid with the weight, stirring for 15min, and ageing the uniformly mixed raw materials for 2h to form a mixture; and the magnetic washing method is utilized to wash Fe in the mixture2O3Controlled to within 1 wt.%.
Fifthly, the mixture is filled into a mold, and is extruded and formed under the forming pressure of 150Mpa by a semi-dry compaction method at constant pressure, and the constant load time is 180 s;
standing for 1d at normal temperature (20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90 percent), and drying for 24h by an electric heating blast dryer at the temperature of 110 +/-5 ℃;
seventhly, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace to be sintered for 5 hours at 1500 ℃, controlling the sintering temperature to be 0-1000 ℃ and the heating rate to be 10 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30 minutes at 1000 ℃, continuing to achieve 1400 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 5 hours at 1500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and finally cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace.
The performance of the refractory brick of the present invention and that of a general high alumina refractory brick sold in the market were measured, and the results are shown in table 1. Wherein the normal temperature compressive strength, the folding strength, the refractoriness, the change rate of the heating permanent line and the apparent porosity are respectively subjected to data acquisition and calculation according to test methods of GB/T5072-2008, GB/T3001-2017, GB/T7322-2017, GB/T5988-2007 and GB/T2997-2015.
Table 1 examples 1-3 firebrick performance test results:
it can be seen from example 1.2.3 that the refractory bricks prepared by the invention all meet the performance requirements of common high-alumina refractory bricks. The best performance of example 3 can be seen from the examples, and it can be concluded that: reasonable grain composition, sufficient forming pressure and proper sintering temperature and proper amount of additive V2O5Relatively ideal refractory brick products can be prepared.
It should be noted that relative improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the core principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles, novel features, and methods disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The refractory brick prepared by utilizing industrial solid wastes is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the refractory brick prepared from industrial solid waste according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
44 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 1-3 mm;
19 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size of 0.088-1 mm;
22 parts of vanadium slag with the particle size less than 0.088 mm;
15 parts of silica fume;
V2O53 parts of a mixture;
5 parts of phosphoric acid;
and 8 parts of water.
3. The refractory brick manufactured using industrial solid waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the vanadium slag is high-aluminum vanadium slag, and Al of the high-aluminum vanadium slag2O3Content 65-85 wt.%; the silica fume is high-purity silica fume, SiO2The content is more than 90 wt.%, and the particle size of the silica fume is less than 0.088 mm.
4. The method for manufacturing refractory bricks using industrial solid waste according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
feeding large vanadium slag blocks into a crusher for crushing;
adding the crushed vanadium slag into a ball mill for grinding;
thirdly, screening out the vanadium slag with the grain size of 1-3mm as a coarse aggregate, the vanadium slag with the grain size of 0.088-1mm as a fine aggregate, and the vanadium slag with the grain size of less than 0.088mm as powder;
mixing and stirring the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate in parts by weight for 15 min; adding the powder, the silica fume and the V in parts by weight2O5Stirring for 15min, mixing uniformly, adding the water in parts by weight, stirring for 15min, adding the phosphoric acid in parts by weight, stirring for 15min, and ageing the uniformly mixed raw materials to form a mixture;
fifthly, the mixture is put into a mold and is pressed and molded at the constant pressure of 100 plus 150Mpa for 120 plus 180 seconds;
standing for 1d at normal temperature (20 ℃ and relative humidity of 90 percent), and drying for 12-24h in an electric heating blast drying machine at 110 +/-5 ℃;
seventhly, placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, sintering the mixture for 3 to 5 hours at the temperature of 1350-.
5. The method of manufacturing refractory bricks using industrial solid waste according to claim 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps of crushing large vanadium slag by using an Escherchia crusher.
6. The method of manufacturing refractory bricks using industrial solid waste according to claim 4, wherein: and secondly, performing dry ball milling on the crushed vanadium slag by using a ball mill, wherein the weight part ratio of the grinding balls to the vanadium slag is 5-10: 1, the grinding time is 3-4h, and the rotation speed is 1000-1420 r/min.
7. The method for manufacturing refractory bricks using industrial solid waste according to claim 4, wherein the aging time of the step (iv) is 1.5 to 2 hours.
8. The method for preparing refractory brick from industrial solid waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein the Fe in the mixture is washed by magnetic method2O3Controlled to within 1 wt.%.
9. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step (c) is carried out by controlling the sintering temperature at 0-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, maintaining the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 20-30min, maintaining the temperature at 1000 ℃ for 1500 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and maintaining the temperature at 1400 ℃ for 20-30 min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111229901.4A CN113754451B (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Refractory brick prepared from industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111229901.4A CN113754451B (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2021-10-22 | Refractory brick prepared from industrial solid waste and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114213114A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 宜兴市隆昌耐火材料有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant and anti-erosion corundum-mullite brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN116143531A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-05-23 | 承德天大钒业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing unshaped refractory material by utilizing vanadium-aluminum slag and application |
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