CN113748895B - Air temperature and humidity regulating method and device for sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
Air temperature and humidity regulating method and device for sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN113748895B CN113748895B CN202111156242.6A CN202111156242A CN113748895B CN 113748895 B CN113748895 B CN 113748895B CN 202111156242 A CN202111156242 A CN 202111156242A CN 113748895 B CN113748895 B CN 113748895B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses an air temperature and humidity regulation method and device for a sunlight greenhouse, which comprises a greenhouse air circulation system, a heat storage and humidity regulation system and an air flow regulation system; in different periods of the temperature of the greenhouse, the greenhouse air circulation system is started in different modes, air circulation is realized by a heat insulation pipeline, an air distribution pipeline, an air supply pipeline, an air outlet pipeline, a centrifugal blower and an air diffuser of the greenhouse air circulation system, and heat storage and humidity adjustment are realized by arranging loose gravels, pebbles and porous moisture absorption materials in the heat insulation pipeline; the air flow regulation is realized through a temperature and humidity sensor, a solar radiation sensor and an air blower. The invention can send the heat in the sunlight greenhouse into the rock blocks in the soil pipeline for heat storage in the daytime, thereby preventing the root of the vegetation from being frozen; reducing the temperature amplitude in the greenhouse; the relative humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted, and the frost damage of vegetation caused by low temperature at night is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural greenhouse planting and special environment parameter regulation and control, in particular to an air temperature and humidity regulation and control method and device for a sunlight greenhouse.
Background
. The sunlight greenhouse is an important facility of modern agriculture, and provides out-of-season flowers, vegetables, fruits and the like for urban and rural areas. Because the vegetation such as vegetables, fruits, flowers and the like are different in types and different in environmental parameters of growth and development, the method is very important for providing a proper artificial environment for the growth of plants. The patent technologies related to the sunlight greenhouse are various, and a plurality of application technologies are provided, including the heat preservation of the greenhouse, the heat storage of the wall body, the efficient utilization of solar energy, the indoor temperature regulation technology and the like.
At present, the sunlight greenhouse has the problems of large temperature change, easy generation of cold injury, freeze injury and high temperature injury, high humidity in the greenhouse, easy generation of frost and the like. More importantly, the devices, equipment and systems adopted by a plurality of current patent technologies are high in price and large in initial investment, and are suitable for large-scale production links. It is inconvenient for small-scale production in vast rural areas, mountain villages and other areas.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention greatly reduces the cost of the sunlight greenhouse, fully utilizes the existing cheap or free materials at the local, and provides the method and the device for regulating and controlling the temperature and the humidity of the air of the sunlight greenhouse, which can send the heat in the sunlight greenhouse into massive rocks in a soil pipeline for heat storage in the daytime, on one hand, the soil temperature can be improved, and the freezing damage to the roots of the vegetation can be prevented; on the other hand, the heat is slowly released at night and is conveyed to the surface of the greenhouse vegetation, so that the temperature amplitude in the greenhouse is reduced; meanwhile, the sand and the porous moisture absorption material in the soil pipeline can adjust the relative humidity in the greenhouse, and frost and freeze damages to vegetation caused by over-low temperature at night are prevented.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
On one hand, the invention provides an air temperature and humidity regulating method of a sunlight greenhouse, which comprises a greenhouse air circulating system, a heat storage and humidity regulation system and an air flow regulation system;
the greenhouse air circulation system comprises two opening modes:
before 12 noon, when the air flow regulating system detects that the temperature rise amplitude in the greenhouse reaches 10-15 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a low-speed operation mode; at noon 12, the greenhouse air circulation system is started to operate in a low-speed operation mode at regular time;
in the daytime, when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than 30 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a high-speed operation mode; when the temperature in the greenhouse is less than 30 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system is started to operate in an intermediate speed mode;
when the air circulation system operates in the daytime, the heat storage and humidity regulation system operates in a heat storage mode at the same time;
at night, when the air flow regulating system detects that the soil temperature is less than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity in the greenhouse is more than 90%, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a high-speed operation mode, and the heat storage and humidity control system simultaneously carries out heat accumulated in the daytime in a heat release mode; and when the soil temperature is higher than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity is lower than 80%, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a low-speed operation mode.
Preferably, the greenhouse air circulation system is driven by a centrifugal fan to run in three modes of high speed, medium speed and low speed, wherein the low speed running mode is 20-30% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan;
preferably, the medium-speed operation mode is 40-60% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan;
preferably, the high-speed operation mode is more than 80% of rated air volume of the centrifugal fan.
On the other hand, the invention provides an air temperature and humidity regulating device of a sunlight greenhouse, which comprises a greenhouse air circulating system, a heat storage and humidity regulation system and an air flow regulating system;
the greenhouse air circulation system comprises heat insulation pipelines arranged in soil, air distribution pipelines arranged between the heat insulation pipelines, an air supply pipeline communicated with the air distribution pipelines, an air outlet pipeline communicated with the heat insulation pipelines, a centrifugal air feeder communicated with the air supply pipeline and an air outlet pipeline air diffuser;
the heat and humidity storage system comprises loose gravels, blocky gravels and porous moisture absorption materials which are arranged in a heat insulation pipeline in the soil;
the air flow regulation system comprises a temperature sensor T, a relative humidity sensor RH, a solar radiation sensor Ra, a soil temperature sensor T0 and a centrifugal blower.
Preferably, at least one greenhouse air circulation system unit is arranged in the greenhouse.
Preferably, a plurality of heat preservation pipelines are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the greenhouse, the air distribution pipeline is communicated between the heat preservation pipelines, and the heat preservation pipelines and the air distribution pipeline are buried under the soil ground for 10-15 cm; the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air distribution pipeline and communicated with the centrifugal blower at the top, and the air outlet pipeline is vertically communicated with two end parts of the heat preservation pipeline; the top of the air outlet pipeline is provided with a diffuser.
Preferably, the position of the air distribution pipeline communicated with the heat preservation pipeline is the lowest point of the surface of the greenhouse soil, a calcium chloride drying agent with the thickness of 10mm is arranged at the bottom of the air distribution pipeline, and the heat preservation pipeline inclines upwards 0.5-1.0 degrees from the air distribution pipeline to two ends respectively.
Preferably, the height of the air outlet pipeline extending out of the soil ground is 0.5-1.5m, and the height of the air supply pipeline extending out of the soil ground is 1.5-2 times of the height of the air outlet pipeline.
Preferably, the heat preservation pipeline adopts polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene or hard polyvinyl chloride rigid plastic pipes with the pipe diameter of 100mm-200 mm.
Preferably, the particle size of the loose sand stone is 5-15mm, and the thickness of the loose sand stone paved at the bottom of the heat preservation pipeline is 10-15% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline;
the block gravel and the block pebbles are irregular bodies or spheres, and the porous moisture absorption material is porous mineral rock, broken bricks and plant straw balls; the equivalent diameter of the massive gravel, the massive gravel and the porous hygroscopic material is 55-70% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention fully utilizes the existing cheap or free materials at the local, thereby greatly reducing the system cost; and starting from the temperature and relative humidity required by the vegetation in the greenhouse, the environmental parameters required by the vegetation growth are subjected to self-adaptive adjustment. Meanwhile, the temperature and the humidity in the greenhouse are adjusted by controlling the air volume of the centrifugal blower from the detection of parameters such as solar radiation, the temperature in the greenhouse, the relative humidity in the greenhouse, the soil temperature and the like, so that the generation of freezing damage, cold damage and high-temperature damage of vegetation in the greenhouse is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a structural flow and schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the pipe laying of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of sand, rock, porous mineral rock and the like inside the heat preservation pipeline.
In the figure: 1. a heat-insulating pipeline; 2. a wind distribution pipeline; 3. an air supply duct; 4. an air outlet pipeline; 5. a centrifugal blower; 6. a diffuser; 7. soil; temperature sensor T, relative humidity sensor RH, solar radiation sensor Ra, soil temperature sensor T0.
a. Loose sandstone at the bottom of the pipeline; b. block-shaped gravel; c. blocky pebbles; d. a porous hygroscopic material.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention without limiting the invention thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of an air temperature and humidity control apparatus for a sunlight greenhouse.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the greenhouse air circulation system, the heat storage and humidity conditioning system and the air flow rate regulation system; the greenhouse air circulation system comprises a heat insulation pipeline 1, an air distribution pipeline 2, an air supply pipeline 3, an air outlet pipeline 4, a centrifugal blower 5 and a diffuser 6 which are arranged in soil 7. The heat and humidity storage system comprises loose sand stones a at the bottom of the pipeline arranged in the heat insulation pipeline 1 in the soil, and block-shaped gravel b, block-shaped gravel c and porous moisture absorption materials d which are sequentially arranged at intervals. The air flow regulation system comprises a temperature sensor T, a relative humidity sensor RH, a solar radiation sensor Ra and a soil temperature sensor T0.
The plurality of heat preservation pipelines are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the greenhouse, the air distribution pipeline 2 is communicated between the heat preservation pipelines 1 and is jointly arranged in the soil, and the heat preservation pipelines and the air distribution pipeline are buried under the ground of the soil by 10-15 cm; the air supply pipeline 3 is communicated with the air distribution pipeline 2 and communicated with the centrifugal blower 5 at the top, and the air outlet pipeline 4 is vertically communicated with two end parts of the heat preservation pipeline 1; the top of the air outlet pipeline 4 is provided with a diffuser 6.
The depths of the heat preservation pipelines and the air distribution pipelines buried in the soil are 100-150mm, which is beneficial to preventing the freeze injury of the low temperature to the vegetation root and simultaneously beneficial to the accumulation of heat.
In the embodiment, the communication position of the air distribution pipeline 2 is the lowest point of the surface of the greenhouse soil, the heat preservation pipelines 1 are respectively inclined upwards to two ends by 0.5-1.0 degrees from the air distribution pipeline 2, and a calcium chloride drying agent with the thickness of 10mm is arranged at the bottom of each air distribution pipeline. The inclined design of the two ends of the heat preservation pipeline is beneficial to the gathering treatment of the liquid condensate water in the high-humidity environment.
The height of the air outlet pipeline 4 extending out of the ground is 0.5-1.5m, and the height of the air supply pipeline 3 extending out of the ground is 1.5-2 times of the height of the air outlet pipeline 4.
The height of the air outlet pipeline extending out of the ground is limited, which is beneficial to temperature regulation and control of the leaves, stems and leaves of vegetation; the height that the blast pipe stretches out ground will be higher than the air-out pipeline, is favorable to the air in big space on vegetation upper portion to circulate, and keeps the stability of vegetation leaf stem, leaf surface temperature.
The heat preservation pipeline 1 is made of rigid plastic pipes such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene or rigid polyvinyl chloride and has a pipe diameter of 100-200 mm.
The particle size of the loose sand stone is 5-15mm, and the thickness of the loose sand stone laid at the bottom of the heat preservation pipeline is 10-15% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline; the particle size and the laying thickness of the loose sand have the porous characteristic, the circulation speed of air is delayed, and the temperature and humidity regulation of the air is increased. The block gravel and the block pebbles are irregular bodies or spheres, the porous moisture absorption material is porous mineral rock, broken bricks and plant straw balls, and the equivalent diameter of the block gravel, the block pebbles and the porous moisture absorption material is 55-70% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline. The selection and the size of the porous moisture absorption material are limited, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the ventilation flow of the air circulation,
In this device, along sunlight warmhouse booth length direction, bury the pipe with the stereoplasm in the soil, two are listed as a set of, and the centre even has air to divide the wind pipeline for send into daytime hot-blast the heat release of carrying out heat accumulation and rock heat accumulation night. Loose gravels are arranged at the bottom of the pipeline in the hard plastic pipe, and then block gravels, block gravels and porous moisture absorption materials are arranged at intervals in sequence.
In terms of temperature and humidity regulation: in the daytime, hot air in the greenhouse is sent into the hard plastic pipes, and heat is accumulated in the rock blocks for accumulating heat and adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse; at night, heat accumulated by the rocks in the hard plastic pipes is slowly released to the surface of the vegetation in the greenhouse and used for adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse and preventing the frost damage of the vegetation, and the hard plastic pipes can also improve the temperature of soil and prevent the frost damage of the roots of the vegetation. Meanwhile, the humidity in the greenhouse can be adjusted based on loose gravels and porous moisture absorption materials at the bottom of the hard plastic pipe.
In terms of centrifugal blower control: starting from the morning, two starting modes are provided, namely, before 12 noon, when the temperature rise amplitude in the shed reaches 10-15 ℃, the centrifugal blower is started to run in a low-speed mode; for example, in the morning, the temperature in the greenhouse is 8 ℃, when the temperature rises to 18 ℃, the low-speed operation mode can be started, and 20-30% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan is selected.
Secondly, a low-speed running mode of starting the centrifugal blower at a fixed time at 12 noon; when the solar radiation intensity detected by the solar radiation sensor Ra and the temperature sensor T reaches more than 70% of the radiation intensity recorded in the history of the local day, or the temperature in the shed is higher than 30 ℃, the centrifugal blower is started to operate in a high-speed mode, and when the temperature in the shed is higher than 20 ℃ but lower than 30 ℃, the centrifugal blower is in a medium-speed operation mode, and 40-60% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal blower is selected. And when the air circulation system runs in the daytime, the heat storage humidity control system is simultaneously operated in a heat storage mode.
At night, when the soil temperature sensor T0 detects that the soil temperature is lower than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity sensor RH in the shed is greater than 90%, the centrifugal blower starts a high-speed operation mode, more than 80% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal blower is selected for regulating and controlling the humidity in the shed, and the heat storage and humidity control system is simultaneously operated in a heat release mode; releasing heat accumulated in the daytime; when the soil temperature is higher than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity is less than 80%, the centrifugal blower is in a low-speed operation mode, and 20-30% of the rated air volume of the centrifugal blower is selected.
The system can fully utilize the existing cheap or free materials in the local area, greatly reduce the cost, and meanwhile, the heat storage and humidity adjustment materials in the hard plastic pipes buried in the soil can adjust the temperature and the humidity in the greenhouse, improve the temperature of the soil and reduce the generation of the freezing damage, the cold damage and the high-temperature damage of the vegetation in the greenhouse.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An air temperature and humidity regulation method for a sunlight greenhouse is characterized by comprising a greenhouse air circulation system, a heat storage and humidity regulation system and an air flow regulation system;
the heat storage humidifying system comprises loose gravels, blocky gravels and porous moisture absorption materials which are arranged in a heat insulation pipeline in the soil;
the greenhouse air circulation system comprises two opening modes:
before 12 noon, when the air flow regulating system detects that the temperature rise amplitude in the greenhouse reaches 10-15 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a low-speed operation mode; at 12 noon, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a low-speed operation mode at regular time, and the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan is 20-30%;
in the daytime, when the temperature in the greenhouse is higher than 30 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system is started to operate in a high-speed mode, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 30 ℃, the greenhouse air circulation system is started to operate in a medium-speed mode, wherein the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan is 40-60%;
in the daytime, the heat storage humidity control system operates in a heat storage mode while the air circulation system operates;
at night, when the air flow regulating system detects that the soil temperature is less than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity in the greenhouse is more than 90%, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a high-speed operation mode, and the rated air volume of the centrifugal fan is more than 80%; the heat storage humidity control system simultaneously performs heat stored in the daytime in a heat release mode; and when the soil temperature is higher than 0 ℃ or the relative humidity is lower than 80%, the greenhouse air circulation system starts a low-speed operation mode.
2. The air temperature and humidity control device of the solar greenhouse disclosed by claim 1 is characterized by comprising a greenhouse air circulation system, a heat storage and humidity control system and an air flow regulation system;
the greenhouse air circulation system comprises heat insulation pipelines arranged in soil, air distribution pipelines arranged between the heat insulation pipelines, an air supply pipeline communicated with the air distribution pipelines, an air outlet pipeline communicated with the heat insulation pipelines, a centrifugal air feeder communicated with the air supply pipeline and an air outlet pipeline air diffuser;
the heat storage humidifying system comprises loose gravels, blocky gravels and porous moisture absorption materials which are arranged in a heat insulation pipeline in the soil;
the particle size of the loose sand stone is 5-15mm, and the thickness of the loose sand stone laid at the bottom of the heat preservation pipeline is 10-15% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline;
the air flow regulation system includes a temperature sensor T, a relative humidity sensor RH, a solar radiation sensor Ra, a soil temperature sensor T0, and a centrifugal blower.
3. The air temperature and humidity control device for the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein at least one greenhouse air circulation system unit is provided in the greenhouse.
4. The air temperature and humidity control device for the sunlight greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of heat preservation pipelines are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the greenhouse, the air distribution pipeline is communicated between the heat preservation pipelines, and the heat preservation pipelines and the air distribution pipeline are buried 10-15cm under the soil; the air supply pipeline is communicated with the air distribution pipeline and the top of the air distribution pipeline is communicated with the centrifugal blower; the air outlet pipelines are vertically communicated with two end parts of the heat preservation pipeline; the top of the air outlet pipeline is provided with a diffuser.
5. The air temperature and humidity control device for the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 4, wherein the air distribution duct is connected to the heat preservation duct at the lowest point of the soil surface of the greenhouse, and the heat preservation duct is inclined upward from the air distribution duct to both ends by 0.5-1.0 degrees;
and a calcium chloride drying agent with the thickness of 10mm is arranged at the bottom of the air distribution pipeline.
6. The air temperature and humidity control device for the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 4, wherein the height of the air outlet duct extending out of the soil ground is 0.5-1.5m, and the height of the air supply duct extending out of the soil ground is 1.5-2 times the height of the air outlet duct.
7. The air temperature and humidity control device of the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heat preservation pipeline is made of polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene or rigid polyvinyl chloride rigid plastic pipes with a pipe diameter of 100mm-200 mm.
8. The air temperature and humidity control device of the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein the block-shaped gravel and the block-shaped pebble are irregular or spherical, and the porous moisture absorption material is porous mineral rock, crushed brick, plant straw cluster; the equivalent diameter of the massive gravel, the massive gravel and the porous hygroscopic material is 55-70% of the pipe diameter of the heat preservation pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111156242.6A CN113748895B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Air temperature and humidity regulating method and device for sunlight greenhouse |
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| CN202111156242.6A CN113748895B (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | Air temperature and humidity regulating method and device for sunlight greenhouse |
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| CN113748895A CN113748895A (en) | 2021-12-07 |
| CN113748895B true CN113748895B (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101480134A (en) * | 2008-01-10 | 2009-07-15 | 常州市金凌菇业有限公司 | Method for automatically regulating ventilation and internal circulation of industrialized cultivation house for gold needle mushroom |
| JP5712233B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-05-07 | 崇治 二枝 | Agricultural and horticultural house |
| CN104896565A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Constant-temperature heat release and heat storage device |
| CN104848494A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 上海东方低碳系统集成有限公司 | Comfortable energy-saving temperature control panel |
| CN206547471U (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-10-13 | 天津农学院 | Gaseous environment regulation device in warmhouse booth based on PLC |
| CN110024600A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of greenhouse solar energy collection thermal desorption system and control method |
| CN112219613A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-15 | 合肥集知云信息科技有限公司 | Wisdom agricultural maintenance management system based on thing networked control |
| CN112314280A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-05 | 河海大学 | Greenhouse agricultural environment management and control system and operation process thereof |
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