CN113745271A

CN113745271A - Display panel and display device

Info

Publication number: CN113745271A
Application number: CN202010477326.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘子英; 陈栋; 黄聪
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-29
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Abstract

The application provides a display panel and a display device, comprising a first display area and a second display area, wherein the pixel density of the first display area is less than that of the second display area; the first display area comprises a plurality of first pixel units, each first pixel unit comprises a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the minimum distance between the first sub-pixel in each first pixel unit and the second sub-pixel in the adjacent first pixel unit is 1.2-2.5 times of the distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one first pixel unit. The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display device, which can reduce the diffraction phenomenon after light penetrates through the display panel and improve the optical effect of an optical element under a screen.

Description

Display panel and display device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device.

Background

With the development of display technology, users have higher and higher requirements on the visual experience of electronic devices, and high screen ratio becomes the research direction of electronic devices. In the case of an electronic device, the arrangement of optical elements such as front-end optical elements occupies space of a display screen, and affects screen occupation ratio. In order to improve the screen occupation ratio and realize a full screen, an optical element technology under the screen can be adopted, and the optical element is integrated below the film layer where the light-emitting device of the display panel is located. When the electronic equipment needs to display, the light-emitting device above the optical element can normally emit light, and when the optical element needs to be used, light can penetrate through the display panel to reach the optical element. Because the position corresponding to the light-emitting device in the display panel above the optical element is opaque, the diffraction phenomenon after the light penetrates through the display panel is very obvious, and the optical effect of the optical element is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display device, which can reduce the diffraction phenomenon after light penetrates through the display panel and improve the optical effect of an optical element under a screen.

In one aspect, the present embodiment provides a display panel, including a first display area and a second display area, where a pixel density of the first display area is less than a pixel density of the second display area;

the first display area comprises a plurality of first pixel units, each first pixel unit comprises a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the minimum distance between a first sub-pixel in each first pixel unit and a second sub-pixel in an adjacent first pixel unit is 1.2-2.5 times the distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one first pixel unit;

the second display area comprises a plurality of second pixel units, each second pixel unit comprises a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel, and the minimum distance between a first sub-pixel in each second pixel unit and a second sub-pixel in an adjacent first pixel unit is 0.9-1.1 times the distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one second pixel unit.

The application provides a display panel, in the first display area that optical element corresponds, set up the distance between two sub-pixels that are located adjacent pixel unit respectively, be greater than the distance between the sub-pixel that is located same pixel unit, make sub-pixel pile-up distribution, the regularity of arranging of pixel in first display area has been changed to a certain extent, and the size of the range cycle of sub-pixel has been increaseed, can break the regular diffraction grating of at least partial short period, increase the cycle length of grating, thereby the diffraction phenomenon when weakening light and piercing display panel, improve optical element's under the screen optical effect.

In a possible implementation manner, the number of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel is one, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located at three corners of a triangle.

In another possible embodiment, the number of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel is one, the number of the third sub-pixels is two, one of the first sub-pixel, one of the second sub-pixel and two of the third sub-pixels are located at four corners of a quadrangle, the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are arranged diagonally, and two of the third sub-pixels are arranged diagonally; the minimum distance between the third sub-pixel in the first pixel unit and the third sub-pixel in the adjacent first pixel unit is larger than the distance between two third sub-pixels in one first pixel unit.

The sub-pixels in the first pixel unit are arranged into an irregular quadrangle, and the arrangement regularity of the pixels in the first display area can be further changed on the basis that the sub-pixels are distributed in a pile manner, so that at least part of the short-period regular diffraction grating is broken, the period length of the grating is increased, and the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel is weakened.

In one possible embodiment, the quadrilateral is a rhombus.

The quadrangle is set to be a rhombus, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of setting the sub-pixels, shortening the manufacturing period and reducing the production cost.

In a possible implementation manner, a distance between two third sub-pixels in one first pixel unit is larger than a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one first pixel unit.

In a possible implementation manner, the first pixel units of two adjacent rows are staggered, and the first pixel units of two adjacent columns are staggered.

By adopting the staggered distribution mode of the first pixel units, the distance between the sub-pixels in the first pixel units in the adjacent rows or adjacent columns in the first display area can be increased, and the diffraction phenomenon is further weakened.

In one possible implementation manner, the first pixel unit in the nth row is staggered by the same distance relative to the two adjacent rows, the first pixel unit in the nth column is staggered by the same distance relative to the two adjacent columns, and the four adjacent first pixel units are distributed at four corners of the diamond, where n is a positive integer.

The four adjacent first pixel units are arranged at four corners of the diamond, so that the difficulty in setting the sub-pixels is reduced, the manufacturing period is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.

In one possible embodiment, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a green sub-pixel, respectively.

The red sub-pixel, the blue sub-pixel and the green sub-pixel form a light-emitting unit, and the light-emitting unit is displayed according to different proportions, so that the display of multiple colors can be realized.

In a possible implementation manner, a light-transmitting area is further disposed in the first display area, the light-transmitting area is located between four adjacent first pixel units, and the transmittance in the light-transmitting area is higher than the transmittance in an area other than the light-transmitting area.

The transmittance in the light-transmitting region is higher than the transmittance in other regions, so that the transmittance of the whole first display region can be improved.

In one possible implementation, the display panel includes a substrate, an array layer, and a display layer, which are stacked, the display layer forms the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, a light-transmitting layer is disposed in the light-transmitting region, the light-transmitting layer has a higher light transmittance than the array layer, and the light-transmitting layer is disposed corresponding to one or more of the array layers.

The light-transmitting region can be formed by replacing one or more film layers in the specific region of the first display region with a film layer having high light transmittance, which is easy to realize in terms of process.

In a possible implementation manner, a light-shielding region is further disposed in the first display region, a light-shielding layer is disposed in the light-shielding region, the light-shielding layer is located on a side, away from the viewing side, of the display layer where the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are located, and the light-shielding region at least covers a partial area of the first pixel unit.

The light shielding layer does not influence the light emission of the first pixel unit, and meanwhile, the addition of the light shielding region influences the shape of the diffraction grating, so that at least part of the regular diffraction grating with a short period can be further broken, and the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel is weakened.

In a possible embodiment, the shape and/or size of two adjacent shading areas are different.

The sizes and the shapes of the adjacent shading areas can be different, so that the regular arrangement of the short-period diffraction grating is further broken, and the diffraction period is increased.

In a possible implementation manner, areas among the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel in the first pixel unit are respectively larger than areas of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel in the second pixel unit.

The area of the sub-pixels in the first display area is increased, and the display effect of the first display area can be improved.

In a possible implementation manner, a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the first pixel unit is equal to a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one second pixel unit.

By the arrangement, the difficulty of setting the sub-pixels in the first display area can be reduced, so that the manufacturing period is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.

In one possible embodiment, the pixel density of the first display region is 40% -60% of the pixel density of the second display region.

By the arrangement, the first display area can simultaneously ensure the display effect and the light transmission effect, and the display state and the light emitting state can be smoothly realized.

In a possible embodiment, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are all circles or polygons with more than five sides.

The direction of diffraction of the sub-pixels is related to the shape of the sub-pixels, and compared with the mode that the sub-pixels are arranged into a triangle or a rectangle, the sub-pixels are arranged into a polygon with the number of circles and more than five sides, diffraction can be dispersed and uniform, and therefore the optical performance of the optical element is improved.

In one possible embodiment, the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel are different in shape.

Due to the fact that the diffraction directions of the sub-pixels in different shapes are different, the arrangement enables diffraction of the sub-pixels in a short distance not to be overlapped easily or to be reduced, diffraction phenomena can be reduced, and the optical effect of the optical element is improved.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a display device, including the display panel as described above, and further including an optical element, where the optical element is disposed to overlap with the first display region in a thickness direction of the display panel.

The application provides a display panel and a display device, the display panel comprises a first display area as a main display area and a second display area corresponding to an optical element, and the second display area can realize a display function and a light-emitting function. In the first display area, the distance between two sub-pixels respectively located in adjacent pixel units is set to be larger than the distance between the sub-pixels located in the same pixel unit, so that the sub-pixels are distributed in a pile, the arrangement regularity of the pixels in the first display area is changed to a certain extent, the arrangement period of the sub-pixels is increased, at least partial short-period regular diffraction gratings can be broken, the period length of the gratings is increased, the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through a display panel is weakened, and the optical effect of the optical element under the screen in the second display area is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic front view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic pixel arrangement diagram of a second display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of pixel arrangement of a first display region provided in the related art;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a simulation effect of the definition corresponding to the first display region provided in the related art;

fig. 9 is a schematic pixel arrangement diagram of a first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a simulation effect of definition corresponding to a first display area according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a diagram of another sub-pixel of the first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pixel unit in FIG. 6;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pixel unit in FIG. 9;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pixel unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 17 is a partial schematic view of another arrangement of first pixel units in a first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 18 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram illustrating another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 20 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display area according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 20;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of a film structure of a first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 23 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 24 is a schematic view of another film structure of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of reference numerals:

100-a display panel; 101-a first sub-pixel; 102-a second sub-pixel; 103-a third sub-pixel; 11-a first display area; 111-a first pixel cell; 112-a light-transmitting region; 113-a light-blocking area; 12-a second display area; 121-a second pixel cell; 131-a substrate base plate; 132-an array layer; 133-a display layer; 134-a first electrode; 135-a light emitting layer; 136-a second electrode; 137-a light-transmitting layer; 138-a light-shielding layer; 200-a housing; 300-optical element.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the present application provides a display device, which includes, but is not limited to, a mobile or fixed terminal device having a display panel and an optical element, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a handheld computer, an intercom, a netbook, a POS machine, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a wearable device, a virtual reality device, a wireless usb disk, a bluetooth sound, a bluetooth headset, or an in-vehicle device.

In the embodiments of the present application, a display device and a display panel will be described with a mobile phone as an example of the electronic device.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 2 is a schematic exploded structure diagram of the display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the mobile phone includes a display panel 100, a housing 200, and an optical element 300, where the display panel 100 and the housing 200 enclose an accommodating space for accommodating the optical element 300, and the optical element 300 includes, but is not limited to, a front camera, an optical fingerprint sensor, a structured light sensor, an attitude sensor, a proximity light sensor, and the like.

In order to increase the screen ratio and realize a full screen, in the embodiment of the present application, a technology of an optical element under the screen is adopted, and the optical element 300 is integrated below the display panel 100. The display panel 100 includes a first display region 11 and a second display region 12, the second display region 12 is a main display region of the display panel 100, and the optical element 300 is disposed corresponding to the first display region 11. When the display apparatus needs to display, the light emitting devices in the first display area 11 and the light emitting devices in the second display area 12 emit light normally at the same time; when the optical element 300 is used for photographing or collecting information, the light emitting device in the first display area 11 does not emit light, and the light penetrates through the first display area 11 and reaches the optical element 300.

In the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the first display area 11 is not limited, and the first display area 11 may be a circle, a semicircle, a triangle, a rectangle, or any polygon, and actually, the shape of the first display area 11 may be selected according to the model and the size of the display device, so that the display panel 100 may achieve a better imaging effect. For example, in the drawings provided in the present application, the first display area 11 is illustrated as a rectangle. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the relative position relationship between the first display area 11 and the second display area 12, the first display area 11 and the second display area 12 are adjacent and do not overlap, the second display area 12 at least partially surrounds the first display area 11, the second display area 12 occupies most of the area of the display panel 100, and the first display area 11 may be located at the top or the top corner of the display panel 100.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 3, in the embodiment of the present application, the pixel density in the first display area 11 may be set to be smaller than the pixel density in the second display area 12, where the pixel density is the number of pixels in a unit area. The display effect of the display panel 100 is related to the pixel density, the second display area 12 with a large pixel density can present a clearer display effect, and the light transmittance of the first display area 11 with a low pixel density is higher than that of the second display area 12 with a high pixel density, which is beneficial to increasing the light quantity received by the optical element 300 under the screen.

In one possible embodiment, the pixel density in the first display region 11 is 40% -60% of the pixel density in the second display region 12. The first display area 11 may be used to display a screen with low requirements for display accuracy, for example, a display area as a power, signal strength, time, etc. on the top of the mobile phone, or a display area as a virtual key (e.g., home key, return key, menu key) on the bottom of the mobile phone.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of a second display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of fig. 4. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a plurality of second pixel units 121 are disposed in the second display region 12, and at least three sub-pixels are disposed in one second pixel unit 121.

Note that the second pixel unit 121 in the embodiment of the present application is an area formed by dividing the second display area 12 of the display panel 100. In one embodiment, one pixel unit includes three sub-pixels; in another embodiment, one pixel unit may include four sub-pixels. The sub-pixels can be red sub-pixels, blue sub-pixels, green sub-pixels or white sub-pixels.

In the embodiment of the present application, it is illustrated that one second pixel unit 121 includes four sub-pixels, that is, one second pixel unit 121 includes one first sub-pixel 101, one second sub-pixel 102, and two third sub-pixels 103, where the first sub-pixel 101, the second sub-pixel 102, and the third sub-pixels 103 are a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel, respectively, and for other cases, reference may be made for understanding.

In addition, the shape arrangement of the four sub-pixels in one second pixel unit 121 has various implementations, the four sub-pixels can be respectively disposed at four corners of the quadrangle, and the two third sub-pixels 103 are located at opposite corners of the quadrangle. Illustratively, in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the quadrangle is a rhombus, the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 are respectively disposed at the top corner and the bottom corner of the rhombus, and the two third sub-pixels 103 are respectively disposed at the left corner and the right corner of the rhombus.

In one possible embodiment, in one second pixel unit 121, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1 ', the minimum distance between the first sub-pixel 101 in the second pixel unit 121 and the second sub-pixel 102 in the adjacent second pixel unit 121 is L2', and L1 'and L2' may be set so that the sub-pixels in the second display area 12 are uniformly distributed as a whole. Alternatively, L2 'may be set to be 0.9-1.1 times L1', at which point the sub-pixels in the second display area 12 are nearly uniformly distributed throughout.

Illustratively, when the sub-pixels in the second pixel unit 121 adopt the arrangement as in fig. 4, the distance between the second sub-pixel 102 of U1 'and the first sub-pixel 101 of U2' is L2 ', and the distance between the third sub-pixel 103 of U3' on the side close to U4 'and the third sub-pixel 103 of U4' on the side close to U3 'is L4'. Wherein, L2 'is 0.9-1.1 times of L1', and L4 'is 0.9-1.1 times of L3'. At this time, four second pixel units U1 ', U2', U3 'and U4' are arranged at the four corners of the diamond, respectively, and U1 'and U2' are diagonally disposed and U3 'and U4' are diagonally disposed. The sub-pixels in the second display area 12 are approximately uniformly distributed as a whole, and the display effect is good.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a pixel arrangement of a first display region provided in the related art, and fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 6. Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in the related art, the pixel arrangement of the first display region 11 is similar to that of the second display region 12, and only the pixel density of the first display region 11 is less than that of the second display region 12. Specifically, in the first display region 11, four second pixel units U1 ", U2", U3 ", and U4" are arranged at four corners of a diamond shape, respectively, and U1 "and U2" are diagonally disposed, and U3 "and U4" are diagonally disposed. In one first pixel unit 111, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1 ", and the distance between the two third sub-pixels 103 is L3". The distance between two adjacent second pixel units 121, for example, the second sub-pixel 102 of U1 ″ and the first sub-pixel 101 of U2 ″ is L2 ", and the distance between the third sub-pixel 103 of U3 ″ on the side close to U4 ″ and the third sub-pixel 103 of U4 on the side close to U3 ″ is L4". Wherein, L1 is L2, and L3 is L4.

In the related display technology, in order to reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process of the display panel, a plurality of sub-pixels are uniformly arranged in the first display region 11. At this time, the plurality of sub-pixels are arranged in the horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions with strong periodicity, i.e., a short-period regular diffraction grating is formed, and when light penetrates through the first display region 11, a short-period regular fringe diffraction is formed, which seriously affects the optical performance of the optical element. Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a simulation effect of the definition corresponding to the first display region provided in the related art. Referring to fig. 8, taking the optical element 300 as a camera as an example, the main function of the under-screen camera is to take a photograph or make a video recording, and if the camera forms an image by using diffracted light, the sharpness of the obtained image is very poor, which may affect the photographing effect of the camera, where the diffraction effect is a ghost around the number and the bar in fig. 8, and the ghost is more obvious and the diffraction is stronger.

Based on this, the application provides a display panel, in the first display area that optical element corresponds, set up the distance between two sub-pixels that are located adjacent pixel unit respectively, be greater than the distance between the sub-pixel that is located same pixel unit, make sub-pixel pile-up distribution, changed the regularity of arranging of pixel in the first display area to a certain extent, and enlarged the size of the range cycle of sub-pixel, can break the regular diffraction grating of at least partial short cycle, increase the cycle length of grating, thereby the diffraction phenomenon when weakening light and penetrating display panel, improve optical effect of optical element under the screen.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement of a first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 10 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of fig. 9. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of first pixel units 111 are disposed in the first display area 11, and at least three sub-pixels including a first sub-pixel 101, a second sub-pixel 102, and a third sub-pixel 103 are disposed in one first pixel unit 111.

Exemplarily, in fig. 9 and 10, one first sub-pixel 101, one second sub-pixel 102, and two third sub-pixels 103 are disposed in one first pixel unit 111, four sub-pixels are respectively located at four corners of a quadrangle, the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 are disposed diagonally, and two third sub-pixels 103 are disposed diagonally. In one first pixel unit 111, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1, the distance between two third sub-pixels 103 is L3, the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 in the first pixel unit 111 and the second sub-pixel 102 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 is L2, and the minimum distance between the third sub-pixel 103 in the first pixel unit 111 and the third sub-pixel 103 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 is L4, L2> L1, and L4> L3 may be set to distribute the sub-pixels in the first display region 11 in a pile.

It is to be understood that the larger the values of L2/L1 and L4/L3 are, the more sparsely the first pixel cells 111 are distributed in the first display region 11, the longer the period length of the diffraction grating is, and the weaker the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates the display panel is. However, when the first pixel units 111 are distributed too sparsely, the pixel density in the first display region 11 decreases, and the requirement for display is not satisfied sufficiently. In one possible embodiment, the minimum distance between the first sub-pixel 101 in the first pixel unit 111 and the second sub-pixel 102 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 may be 1.2-2.5 times the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 in one first pixel unit 111, i.e., L2 is 1.2-2.5 times L1, and L4 is 1.2-2.5 times L3.

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a simulation effect of the definition corresponding to the first display area according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 11, as compared with fig. 8, ghosting around the digital strip is significantly reduced, that is, the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is weak in diffraction compared with the related art, and the optical effect of the optical element can be improved.

It should be noted that the number of sub-pixels in one first pixel unit 111 is not specifically limited in this embodiment. Fig. 12 is a partial schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 12, in one possible implementation, the number of sub-pixels in one first pixel unit 111 may be three, namely, a first sub-pixel 101, a second sub-pixel 102, and a third sub-pixel 103, namely, a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel 101, the second sub-pixel 102 and the third sub-pixel 103 are located at three corners of a triangle, respectively, which may be an equilateral triangle. At this time, the minimum distance between the first sub-pixel 101 in the first pixel unit 111 and the second sub-pixel 102 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 may be 1.2 to 2.5 times the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 in one first pixel unit 111. Similarly, the minimum distance between the first sub-pixel 101 in the first pixel unit 111 and the third sub-pixel 103 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 may be 1.2-2.5 times the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the third sub-pixel 103 in one first pixel unit 111. The minimum distance between the second sub-pixel 102 in the first pixel unit 111 and the third sub-pixel 103 in the adjacent first pixel unit 111 may be 1.2-2.5 times the distance between the second sub-pixel 102 and the third sub-pixel 103 in one first pixel unit 111.

In addition, the shape of the sub-pixel is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another sub-pixel of the first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 13, in one possible embodiment, the sub-pixels may have a hexagonal shape. In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9, the sub-pixels are illustrated as circles. The direction of diffraction of the sub-pixels is related to the shape of the sub-pixels, and compared with the mode that the sub-pixels are arranged into a triangle or a rectangle, the sub-pixels are arranged into a polygon with the number of circles and more than five sides, diffraction can be dispersed and uniform, and therefore the optical performance of the optical element is improved.

In another possible embodiment, the plurality of sub-pixels in one first pixel unit 111 or the plurality of sub-pixels in two adjacent first pixel units 111 may adopt different shapes, and due to the different diffraction directions generated by the sub-pixels with different shapes, the diffraction of the sub-pixels in a shorter distance is not easily overlapped or the overlapping is reduced, so that the diffraction phenomenon can be reduced, and the optical effect of the optical element 300 can be improved.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pixel unit in fig. 6. Referring to fig. 14, in the related art, four sub-pixels in the first pixel unit 111 are respectively located at four corners of a quadrangle, which may be a diamond, and the distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1 ", and the distance between the two third sub-pixels 103 is L3". The dashed line box drawn around each sub-pixel in the figure indicates that the sub-pixel has little effect on the overall display effect of the entire first pixel unit 111 when moving within the range of the dashed line box.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pixel unit in fig. 9. Referring to fig. 15, in the embodiment of the present application, four sub-pixels in the first pixel unit 111 are respectively located at four corners of a diamond, where the four sub-pixels are respectively a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and two green sub-pixels, and in the embodiment, the arrangement order of the four sub-pixels at the four corners of the diamond is not limited, and exemplarily, one red sub-pixel and one blue sub-pixel are diagonally arranged, and two green sub-pixels are diagonally arranged.

The distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1, and the distance between the two third sub-pixels 103 is L3. It is to be understood that the first display region 11 shown in fig. 15 can be seen as, on the basis of fig. 14, moving each sub-pixel in each first pixel unit 111 toward the center of the first pixel unit 111 by a distance, so that the uniformly distributed pixels are changed into a stacked distribution, i.e., L1< L1 ", L3< L3". At this time, the number of the first pixel units 111 is not changed, that is, the pixel density of the first display region 11 is maintained.

In one possible embodiment, the size of the first pixel unit 111 in the first display region 11 is the same as the size of the second pixel unit 121 in the second display region 12, i.e., L1 ═ L1 ', L3 ═ L3'. By the arrangement, the difficulty of sub-pixel arrangement in the first display area 11 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing period is shortened, and the production cost is reduced.

In addition to the shape of the sub-pixels, the arrangement of the sub-pixels inside the first pixel unit 111 may also affect the period of the diffraction grating. Fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of a first pixel unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 16, in another possible implementation, the four sub-pixels in the first pixel unit 111 are respectively located at four corners of a quadrangle, which is not a diamond but a parallelogram or an irregular quadrangle. On the basis of fig. 14, by adjusting each sub-pixel to move within the range of the dashed box, the first pixel unit 111 shown in fig. 16 can be obtained. It should be understood that when adjusting each sub-pixel to move within the range of the dashed line box based on fig. 14, the process limitation results in a distance between two adjacent sub-pixels, and the distance prevents the adjacent sub-pixels from being too close.

The arrangement of the sub-pixels in the first pixel unit 111 is irregular quadrangle, and the arrangement regularity of the pixels in the first display area can be further changed on the basis of the stacked distribution of the sub-pixels, so that at least part of the short-period regular diffraction grating is broken, the period length of the grating is increased, and the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel is weakened.

In addition to the above factors, the arrangement of the plurality of first pixel units 111 in the first display region 11 may also affect the period of the diffraction grating. With reference to fig. 9 and 10, by using the staggered arrangement of the first pixel units 111, the distance between the sub-pixels in the first pixel units 111 in the adjacent rows or adjacent columns in the first display area 11 can be increased, so as to weaken the diffraction phenomenon.

Specifically, the staggered arrangement may be seen as that the first pixel units 111 in two transversely adjacent rows are staggered, that is, the first pixel unit 111 in the nth row is staggered by a certain distance with respect to the adjacent row, and the first pixel units 111 in two longitudinally adjacent columns are staggered, that is, the first pixel unit 111 in the nth column is staggered by a certain distance with respect to the adjacent column. The staggered distribution can also be seen in that four adjacent first pixel units 111 are distributed at four corners similar to a diamond shape, and the first pixel units 111 are arranged in an array in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction, and it is understood that the size of the diamond shape is larger than that of the first pixel unit 111.

In one possible embodiment, the first pixel unit 111 in the nth row is shifted from two adjacent rows by the same distance, and the first pixel unit 111 in the nth column is shifted from two adjacent columns by the same distance, in which case, the four adjacent first pixel units 111 form a diamond shape. Illustratively, in fig. 9, the first pixel units 111 of the odd columns are aligned in the lateral direction, the first pixel units 111 of the even columns are aligned in the lateral direction, the first pixel units 111 of the odd and even columns are distributed in the lateral direction in a non-aligned manner, the first pixel units 111 of the odd and even columns are uniformly staggered in the lateral direction, and four adjacent first pixel units U1, U2, U3 and U4 are distributed at four corners of a diamond shape, respectively.

At this time, compared to the scheme in fig. 6, taking the vertical arrangement as an example, the diffraction period is changed from the width of one column of sub-pixels to the width of two columns of first pixel units 111, and it can be seen that the diffraction period is greatly increased, thereby reducing the under-screen diffraction. In addition, four adjacent first pixel units 111 are arranged at four corners of the diamond, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of sub-pixel arrangement, shortening the manufacturing period and reducing the production cost.

In another possible embodiment, the first pixel unit 111 in the nth row is staggered with respect to the two adjacent rows by unequal distances, and the first pixel unit 111 in the nth column is staggered with respect to the two adjacent columns by unequal distances. Fig. 17 is a partial schematic view of another arrangement of first pixel units in the first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 17, four adjacent first pixel units U1, U2, U3, and U4 are respectively distributed at four corners of a quadrangle, which is not a diamond shape. U1 and U2 are aligned in the column direction, and the pixel cell row in which U3 is located is shifted by a distance L5 relative to the pixel cell row in which U1 is located, which is different from a distance L6 relative to the pixel cell row in which U2 is located. The pixel cell columns of U1 and U2 are shifted by a distance L7 with respect to the pixel cell column of U3, which is different from a distance L8 with respect to the pixel cell column of U4.

At this time, the four adjacent first pixel units 111 are arranged in an irregular quadrilateral, so that the arrangement regularity of pixels in the first display area can be further broken on the basis of the stacked distribution of the sub-pixels, so as to break at least part of the short-period regular diffraction grating, increase the period length of the grating, and weaken the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 18, a distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 is L1, a distance between the two third sub-pixels 103 is L3, a distance between the first sub-pixel 101 and the second sub-pixel 102 respectively located in the two adjacent first pixel units 111 is L2, and a distance between the two adjacent third sub-pixels 103 respectively located in the two adjacent first pixel units 111 is L4, wherein L2> L1, and L4> L3, so as to realize the stacked distribution of the sub-pixels in the first display area 11. Referring to fig. 6 and 7 together, in the present embodiment, L1 ═ L1 ″ and L3 ═ L3 ″ may be provided. At this time, L2 "< L2, L4" < L4 are easily seen. It can be understood that, on the basis of fig. 6, the distance between the sub-pixels inside each first pixel unit 111 is kept unchanged, and the distance between the adjacent first pixel units 111 is only increased, so that the scheme shown in fig. 18 can be obtained.

Compared with the scheme provided in fig. 9, in fig. 18, since the distance between the sub-pixels in one first pixel unit 111 is large, the pixel density of the scheme provided in fig. 18 is lower than that of the scheme provided in fig. 9 under the condition that the area of the first display region 11 is constant. In order to ensure the display effect of the first display region 11, the area of the sub-pixels in the first display region 11 may be increased. Fig. 19 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. On the basis of fig. 18, the area of each sub-pixel is increased, so that the scheme of fig. 19 can be obtained.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 21 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 20. Referring to fig. 20 and 21, a light-transmitting region 112 is disposed between four adjacent first pixel units 111, and the transmittance in the light-transmitting region 112 is higher than that in other regions, so that the transmittance of the whole first display region 11 can be improved.

Specifically, the shape and size of the light-transmitting region 112 are not particularly limited in this embodiment, the light-transmitting region 112 may be provided with a circular, rectangular or other axisymmetric pattern, and the process limitation may cause the light-transmitting region 112 to be provided with a space with the edges of the four first pixel units 111 around the light-transmitting region 112, and the space may prevent the light-transmitting region 112 from being too close to the sub-pixels, so as to prevent the light-transmitting region 112 from affecting the light-emitting performance of the sub-pixels. The shapes of the plurality of light-transmitting regions 112 may be uniform, for example, all of the light-transmitting regions are rectangular, and the distances between the light-transmitting regions 112 and the edges of the four first pixel units 111 around the light-transmitting regions may be the same, so as to ensure uniformity of light emission and reduce difficulty in process arrangement of the light-transmitting regions 112.

The transparent region 112 can be implemented in various ways, for example, by replacing one or more films in a specific region of the first display region 11 with a film having high light transmittance, or by using a transparent material instead of the opaque traces to increase the transmittance.

Fig. 22 is a schematic view of a film structure of a first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 22, the first display region 11 includes a substrate 131, an array layer 132, and a display layer 133, the display layer 133 having a plurality of organic light emitting devices disposed thereon, one organic light emitting device corresponding to one sub-pixel, the organic light emitting device including a first electrode 134, a light emitting layer 135, and a second electrode 136 stacked in this order. The organic light emitting device may include a light emitting device configured to emit red light, a light emitting device configured to emit blue light, and a light emitting device configured to emit green light, which are not distinguished in fig. 22. The organic light emitting device may further include at least one of a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a hole injection layer, and an electron injection layer, which are not shown in the drawings. A transistor is disposed under the organic light emitting device and connected to the first electrode 134.

A transparent layer 137 is further disposed in the first display region 11, and the transparent layer 137 is located in the transparent region 112. In the array layer 132 and the display layer 133 in the first display region 11, light transmittance of a part of the film layers is relatively low, a part of one or more of the film layers in the light-transmitting region 112 is etched, and the etched position is replaced by the light-transmitting layer 137 with high light transmittance, so that transmittance in the light-transmitting region 112 can be effectively improved.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of another pixel arrangement of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 24 is a schematic view of another film structure of the first display region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to fig. 23 and 24, a light-shielding region 113 is further disposed in the first display region 11, the light-shielding region 113 is formed by a light-shielding layer 138 disposed on the back surface of the first pixel unit 111, the light-shielding layer 138 does not affect the light emission of the first pixel unit 111, and the addition of the light-shielding region 113 affects the shape of the diffraction grating, so that at least part of the short-period regular diffraction grating can be further broken, and the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel is weakened.

Specifically, the shape and size of the light-shielding region 113 are not particularly limited in this embodiment, the light-shielding region 113 may be provided with a circle, a rectangle, other axisymmetric pattern or an irregular pattern, and the light-shielding region 113 may cover the region corresponding to the first pixel unit 111, or may only partially cover the region corresponding to the first pixel unit 111, for example, only partially or completely cover the region corresponding to the sub-pixels.

In a possible embodiment, the shapes of the light-shielding regions 113 may be uniform, for example, all of the light-shielding regions are elliptical, and the sizes of the light-shielding regions 113 are uniform, and are also consistent with the position relationship of the first pixel unit 111, at this time, the difficulty of disposing the light-shielding regions 113 in the process is low. In another possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 23, the size and shape of the adjacent light-shielding regions 113 may be different, so as to further break the regular arrangement of the short-period diffraction grating and increase the diffraction period.

The light-shielding region 113 may be implemented in various ways, for example, by adding a light-shielding layer to the film structure of the first display region 11. Referring to fig. 24, the film structure of the first display region 11 except for the light-shielding layer 138 is the same as that described in fig. 22, and is not repeated herein. The light-shielding layer 138 may be disposed in a film layer of the first display region 11 of the display panel in various ways, for example, the light-shielding layer 138 may be disposed in the same layer as an existing film layer structure of the first display region 11, or the light-shielding layer 138 may be formed by adding a film layer structure to the film layer structure of the first display region 11 of the display panel.

The light-shielding layer 138 may be made of a material that can absorb or reflect light, and the material of the light-shielding structure includes at least one or more of metal, metal oxide, and organic polymer.

In the embodiment, the light shielding layer 138 is illustrated as being located on a side of the substrate 131 away from the array layer 132, and the light shielding layer 138 may be an opaque film layer attached to the back surface of the substrate 131. In this case, the light-shielding layer 138 is provided without changing the manufacturing process of the array layer 102 and the display layer 103. In another possible embodiment, the light-shielding layer 138 may also be located between the substrate 131 and the array layer 132, that is, when the display panel is manufactured, the light-shielding layer 138 is first manufactured on the substrate 131, and after the manufacturing process of the light-shielding layer 138 is completed, the manufacturing process of the array layer is started.

The embodiment of the application provides a display panel and a display device, divide the display area of the display panel into a first display area corresponding to an optical element and a second display area serving as main display, and set up the pixel pile distribution in the first display area, specifically through setting up the distance between two sub-pixels respectively located in adjacent pixel units, be greater than the distance between the sub-pixels located in the same pixel unit and realize, the regularity of arrangement of the pixels in the first display area is changed to a certain extent, and the size of the arrangement period of the sub-pixels is increased, the regular diffraction grating of at least part of short period can be broken, the period length of the diffraction grating is increased, thereby the diffraction phenomenon when light penetrates through the display panel is weakened, and the optical effect of the optical element under the screen is improved.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "length," "width," "thickness," "top end," "bottom end," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "axial," "circumferential," and the like, as used herein, indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, are simply used to simplify the description for the convenience of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced position or element must have a particular orientation, a particular configuration, and operate in a particular manner, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the present application.

In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection, an indirect connection via an intermediary, a connection between two elements, or an interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description of the embodiments of the application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A display panel is characterized by comprising a first display area and a second display area, wherein the pixel density of the first display area is less than that of the second display area;

2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel is one, and the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located at three corners of a triangle, respectively.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are respectively one in number, the third sub-pixel is two in number, one of the first sub-pixel, one of the second sub-pixel, and two of the third sub-pixels are respectively located at four corners of a quadrangle, the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel are diagonally arranged, and two of the third sub-pixels are diagonally arranged; the minimum distance between the third sub-pixel in the first pixel unit and the third sub-pixel in the adjacent first pixel unit is larger than the distance between two third sub-pixels in one first pixel unit.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the quadrangle is a rhombus.

5. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a distance between two of the third sub-pixels in one of the first pixel units is greater than a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one of the first pixel units.

6. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first pixel units of two adjacent rows are staggered, and the first pixel units of two adjacent columns are staggered.

7. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the first pixel unit of the nth row is staggered with equal distance from two adjacent rows, the first pixel unit of the nth column is staggered with equal distance from two adjacent columns, and four adjacent first pixel units are distributed at four corners of the diamond shape, wherein n is a positive integer.

8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are a red sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and a green sub-pixel, respectively.

9. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a light-transmitting region is further provided in the first display region, the light-transmitting region is located between adjacent four first pixel units, and a transmittance in the light-transmitting region is higher than a transmittance in a region other than the light-transmitting region.

10. The display panel according to claim 9, wherein the display panel comprises a substrate, an array layer, and a display layer, the display layer forms the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel, a light-transmitting layer is disposed in the light-transmitting region, a light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is higher than a light transmittance of the array layer, and the light-transmitting layer is disposed corresponding to one or more of the array layers.

11. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a light shielding region is further disposed in the first display region, a light shielding layer is disposed in the light shielding region, the light shielding layer is disposed on a side of the display layer where the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are located, the side being away from a viewing side, and the light shielding region covers at least a partial area of the first pixel unit.

12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein the shape and/or size of two adjacent light-shielding regions are different.

13. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein an area between the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel in the first pixel unit is larger than an area between the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel in the second pixel unit.

14. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in the first pixel unit is equal to a distance between the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel in one of the second pixel units.

15. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the pixel density of the first display region is 40% to 60% of the pixel density of the second display region.

16. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are each a circle or a polygon having more than five sides.

17. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the first sub-pixel, the second sub-pixel, and the third sub-pixel are different in shape.

18. A display device comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 17, further comprising an optical element provided to overlap with the first display region in a thickness direction of the display panel.