CN113741270A - Compatible power supply circuit of singlechip and load control circuit - Google Patents
Compatible power supply circuit of singlechip and load control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113741270A CN113741270A CN202111015090.8A CN202111015090A CN113741270A CN 113741270 A CN113741270 A CN 113741270A CN 202111015090 A CN202111015090 A CN 202111015090A CN 113741270 A CN113741270 A CN 113741270A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
- G05B2219/25257—Microcontroller
Abstract
The invention discloses a compatible power supply circuit and a load control circuit of a single chip microcomputer, wherein the power supply circuit comprises the single chip microcomputer, a multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit and a reset circuit, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is used for connecting a starting power supply and a working power supply and outputting the power supply to the single chip microcomputer and the reset circuit after voltage stabilizing treatment, the reset circuit is also connected with the single chip microcomputer, the starting power supply is provided by the output voltage of a single power supply, the working power supply is provided by the total output voltage formed by connecting a plurality of power supplies in series or the output voltage formed by boosting the single power supply, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit accesses the starting power supply for use when the single chip microcomputer is powered on, the reset circuit forces the single chip microcomputer to reset, and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit accesses the working power supply for use after the single chip microcomputer resets. The invention improves the stability of the operation of the singlechip.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, in particular to a compatible power supply circuit of a single chip microcomputer and a load control circuit.
Background
Core chips of the existing commonly used intelligent equipment are all provided with a single chip microcomputer (CPU) and the like as main control chips, and the single chip microcomputer and a load of the intelligent equipment commonly share a power supply. Due to the difference of application environments, the power supply device not only supplies power to a load but also supplies power to a single chip microcomputer particularly in the application occasions of a multi-power input mode, such as a power supply mode of a plurality of detachable batteries.
However, in the case of power supply by multiple batteries, the electrical connection of the multiple batteries is unstable, which leads to unstable input voltage supplied to the single chip microcomputer and affects the stability of the single chip microcomputer.
Therefore, the prior art has yet to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a compatible power supply circuit and a load control circuit of a single chip microcomputer, and aims to improve the running stability of the single chip microcomputer.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a compatible power supply circuit of a single chip microcomputer comprises the single chip microcomputer, and further comprises a multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit and a reset circuit, wherein the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is used for being connected with a starting power supply and a working power supply and outputting the working power supply to the single chip microcomputer and the reset circuit after voltage stabilizing processing, the reset circuit is further connected with the single chip microcomputer, the starting power supply is provided by output voltage of a single power supply, the working power supply is provided by total output voltage formed by connecting a plurality of power supplies in series or by output voltage formed by boosting the single power supply, when the single chip microcomputer is powered on, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit enables the starting power supply to be used, the reset circuit forces the single chip microcomputer to reset, and after the single chip microcomputer resets, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit enables the working power supply to be used.
The single power supply is a single battery, and the plurality of power supplies are a plurality of batteries.
The multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is provided with a first input end, a second input end and a power output end, wherein the first input end is used for being connected with the starting power supply, the second input end is used for being connected with the working power supply, and the power output end outputs the voltage subjected to voltage stabilizing treatment to the single chip microcomputer and the reset circuit.
And a diode D3 is connected between the starting power supply and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit in the forward direction, and a diode D1 is connected between the working power supply and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit in the forward direction.
The multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing unit and a switch unit, wherein the switch unit is connected between the working power supply and the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit, the starting power supply is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit, the connecting end of the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit and the starting power supply is the first input end, the connecting end of the input end of the switch unit and the working power supply is the second input end, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit is the power output end.
Wherein, the voltage stabilizing unit is a voltage stabilizer.
Wherein, the switch unit includes first order MOS pipe switch circuit and second grade MOS pipe switch circuit, first order MOS pipe switch circuit includes MOS pipe Q3, Q3's drain electrode is connected the output of voltage regulator unit, the singlechip be provided with VCC _ EN control end with Q3's gate connection, VDD end is connected to Q3's source electrode, second grade MOS pipe switch circuit includes MOS pipe Q2 and Q1, VDD end is connected to Q2's gate, Q2's source ground connection, Q1's gate is connected to Q2's drain electrode, Q1's drain electrode is connected the second input end, Q1's source electrode is connected the input of voltage regulator unit.
The input end of the voltage stabilizing unit is also connected with an external power supply, and the external power supply is connected with the output voltage of the single power supply in parallel through an isolation diode.
The first input end is connected with a capacitor C2 in parallel, the second input end is connected with a capacitor C1 in parallel, and the power output end is connected with capacitors C3 and C4 in parallel.
The reset circuit comprises a capacitor C5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9 and an MOS transistor Q5, wherein one end of the C5 is connected with a power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the C5 is connected with one end of the R9 and a grid of the Q5, the other end of the R9 is grounded, a source of the Q5 is grounded, the single chip microcomputer is provided with a reset end NRST, the reset end NRST is connected with a drain of the Q5, and the power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the R8 between the reset end NRST.
The power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is further connected with a power-off bleeder circuit, the power-off bleeder circuit comprises an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q4, the grid electrode of Q4 is connected with the first input end, the source electrode of Q4 is grounded, and the drain electrode of Q4 is connected with the power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit.
The invention further provides a load control circuit, which comprises the single-chip compatible power supply circuit and a load on-off circuit, wherein the load on-off circuit is connected with the working power supply and a load, and the single-chip is provided with a PW _ EN control end which is connected with the load on-off circuit to control the on-off of the load on-off circuit.
It is understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-mentioned technical features of the present invention and those specifically described below (in the embodiments) can be combined with each other to constitute a new or preferred technical solution, to be limited to space, and not to be described in any more detail herein.
The compatible power supply circuit of the single chip microcomputer is provided with the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit and the reset circuit, wherein the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with two different power supplies which are respectively a starting power supply and a working power supply, the starting power supply is provided by a single power supply, and the working power supply is provided by a plurality of power supplies. The single chip microcomputer is powered on, a starting power supply is connected to carry out forced reset starting on the single chip microcomputer, a working power supply is connected to carry out power supply after the single chip microcomputer is reset and enters a normal working state, therefore, no matter the quantity of power supplies changes or the fluctuation of the total output voltage caused by unstable connection among a plurality of power supplies, the single chip microcomputer is started by taking the fixed voltage provided by a single power supply as the starting power supply and using the fixed voltage after voltage stabilization processing, the single chip microcomputer is switched to the working power supply to supply power to the single chip microcomputer and a functional circuit associated with the single chip microcomputer after being normally started, and therefore the working stability of the single chip microcomputer is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a compatible power supply circuit of a single chip microcomputer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the compatible power supply circuit of the single chip microcomputer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit in the compatible power supply circuit of the single chip microcomputer according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the starting power supply and the working power supply when two batteries are used in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the single-chip microcomputer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the voltage regulator unit and the first stage MOS transistor switch circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic connection diagram of a second stage MOS transistor switch circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the reset circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of the power down bleed circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a load control circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic connection diagram of the load on/off circuit according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100-power supply circuit, 1-single chip microcomputer, 2-multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit, 21-first input end, 22-second input end, 23-power supply output end, 3-reset circuit, 4-voltage stabilizing unit, 5-switch unit, 51-first stage MOS tube switch circuit, 52-second stage MOS tube switch circuit, 6-power-off bleeder circuit, 7-booster circuit, 200-starting power supply, 300-working power supply, 400-load on-off circuit, 500-load and 600-load control circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present invention provides a power supply circuit 100 with single chip compatible, which includes a single chip 1, a multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 and a reset circuit 3.
The multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 is used for connecting a starting power supply 200 and a working power supply 300, and outputting the voltage-stabilized voltage to the single chip microcomputer 1 and the reset circuit 3, the reset circuit 3 is also connected with the single chip microcomputer 1, the starting power supply 200 is provided by the output voltage of a single power supply, and the working power supply 300 is provided by the total output voltage formed by connecting a plurality of power supplies in series or the output voltage formed by boosting the single power supply.
In one embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the single power source is a single battery, the multiple power sources provide the starting power source 200 for the output voltage of multiple batteries, i.e., a single battery, and the output voltage of the multiple batteries after being connected in series or the output voltage of the single battery after being boosted provides the working power source 300.
Specifically, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 is provided with a first input end 21, a second input end 22 and a power output end 23, the first input end 21 is used for connecting the starting power supply 200, the second input end 22 is used for connecting the working power supply 300, and the power output end 23 outputs the voltage subjected to voltage stabilization processing to the single chip microcomputer 1 and the reset circuit 3.
The first input end 21, i.e. B1+ in the figure, and the second input end 22, i.e. Bn +, B1+ in the figure, of the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit 2 are connected to the starting power supply 200, Bn + is connected to the working power supply 300, n is the number of battery nodes, as shown in fig. 4, when n is 2, i.e. two battery nodes, Bn + is B2 +. The power output end 23 of the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit 2 is VCC in the figure, and VCC is an output power of the starting power supply 200 or the working power supply 300 after voltage stabilization processing by the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit 2 so as to adapt to the working voltage of the single chip microcomputer 1 and the reset circuit 3 at the rear end thereof.
When the single chip microcomputer 1 is powered on, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 enables the starting power supply 200 to be accessed for use, and the reset circuit 3 forces the single chip microcomputer 1 to reset. After the single chip microcomputer 1 is reset, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 accesses the working power supply 300 for use. The single chip microcomputer 1 enters a normal working state after being reset. The singlechip 1 is powered on and reset to start, so that the singlechip 1 can be powered on to force the program to initialize and run, and the program in the singlechip 1 can be ensured to run normally.
The starting power supply 200 of the present invention is provided by a single power supply, and the working power supply 300 is provided by a plurality of power supplies or by boosting a single power supply, so that the voltage of the working power supply 300 is greater than the voltage of the starting power supply 200 to power the single chip microcomputer 1 and its associated functional circuits (not shown in the figure), and the functional circuits can be connected through the IO ports of the single chip microcomputer 1.
The starting power supply 200 of the invention is used for starting the singlechip 1, and the working power supply 300 is used for supplying power to the singlechip 1 and the functional circuit associated with the singlechip 1 after the singlechip 1 is reset and started to enter a normal working state.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the starting power supply 200 is provided by the output voltage of a single battery, and in the present invention, the battery is a lithium battery, and the output voltage of the single lithium battery is 2.8V to 4.3V.
The operating power supply 300 of the present invention is divided into two cases:
1. as shown in fig. 1, when the power supply circuit 100 of the present invention uses n batteries including a plurality of B1, B2 … …, Bn for power supply, the working power supply 300 is provided by the total output voltage after the B1, B2 … …, Bn are connected in series, and the starting power supply 200 in this case is provided by taking one battery out of n batteries composed of B1, B2 … …, Bn, preferably, the output voltage of the lowest (i.e. the first) B1 of the n batteries is taken as the starting power supply 200 in this embodiment.
2. As shown in fig. 2, when the power supply circuit 100 of the present invention adopts a single battery B1 for supplying power, at this time, the power supply circuit 100 of the present invention further includes a boost circuit 7 connected to the B1 and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2, where the boost circuit 7 is configured to boost the output voltage of the single battery B1, and then output the boosted voltage through the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 so as to adapt to the power consumption requirements of the single chip microcomputer 1 and the functional circuit in the normal operating state.
The multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 and the reset circuit 3 are arranged, different power supplies are provided at the power-on reset stage and the normal working stage of the single chip microcomputer 1, so that the fixed voltage provided by a single battery is used as the starting power supply 200 at the starting stage of the single chip microcomputer 1, the influence of fluctuation change of the total output voltage caused by change of the number of the battery sections or unstable connection among a plurality of batteries is avoided, the starting stability of the single chip microcomputer 1 is ensured, and the single chip microcomputer 1 is switched to the working power supply 300 for power supply after being normally started so as to meet the power consumption requirements of the single chip microcomputer 1 and the auxiliary function circuits thereof at the normal working stage and ensure the stability at the normal working stage. Meanwhile, the design of the circuit improves the compatibility of the single chip microcomputer 1, and if the load power is increased or decreased, and the required battery section number or the battery specification is changed correspondingly, the power supply circuit 100 can still normally start the single chip microcomputer 1.
The two power supplies of the starting power supply 200 and the working power supply 300 of the invention belong to the parallel connection relationship at the first input end 21 and the second input end 22 of the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit 2, so when the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit 2 is connected at the same time, the power supply with higher voltage works.
In order to prevent the reverse direction of the two parallel direct current power supply voltages, it is preferable that the power supply circuit 100 of the present invention has a diode D3 connected in the forward direction between the starting power supply 200 and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2, and a diode D1 connected in the forward direction between the operating power supply 300 and the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2. The diodes D3 and D1 are backward diodes, and prevent a high-voltage power supply from flowing into a low-voltage power supply.
The multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 has dual functions of switching and voltage stabilizing, namely, different power supplies are switched and selected by the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 at different operation stages of the single chip microcomputer 1, the starting power supply 200 is selected at the power-on reset stage, the working power supply 300 is selected at the normal working stage after reset, and meanwhile, the power supplies at the two stages are subjected to voltage stabilizing processing and then output through the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 so as to ensure the stability of voltages at different stages.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 of the present invention includes a voltage stabilizing unit 4 and a switch unit 5, wherein the switch unit 5 is connected between the operating power supply 300 and an input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 4, and the starting power supply 200 is connected to an input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 4. Thus, the starting power supply 200 and the operating power supply 300 are connected in parallel to the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 4.
The switching unit 5 connects the operating power supply 300 to the input terminal of the voltage regulator unit 4 or disconnects the connection with the voltage regulator unit 4. The voltage regulation unit 4 regulates the voltage of the input starting power supply 200 or the input working power supply 300 and outputs the regulated voltage to the subsequent single chip microcomputer 1 and other functional circuits for use.
The connection end between the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit 4 and the starting power supply 200 is the first input end 21, the connection end between the input end of the switch unit 5 and the working power supply 300 is the second input end 22, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit 4 is the power output end 23.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the single chip microcomputer 1 of the present invention is model number MS51XB9AE, which is denoted by U2 in fig. 5. U2 is provided with VCC, NRST pins. The VCC pin is connected to the power output terminal of the voltage stabilization unit 4. The NRST pin is connected to the reset circuit 3.
As shown in fig. 6, the voltage regulator unit 4 of the present invention is a voltage regulator U1. The regulator U1 may be a low dropout linear regulator, a switching regulator, or other devices that perform a voltage regulation function. The input IN of U1 connects first input B1+, and node LDO-IN, and second input Bn + is connected to node LDO-IN, and power output VCC is connected to the output OUT of U1, and power output VCC connects the VCC pin and reset circuit 3 of singlechip 1. The GND terminal of U1 is connected to ground. U1 steps down the voltage inputted from the input terminal IN and then outputs the voltage at a stable voltage.
Preferably, the switch unit 5 of the embodiment of the present invention is an electronic switch on-off control circuit, such as an MOS transistor on-off control circuit, a thyristor on-off control circuit, a triode on-off control circuit, and the like.
Preferably, the embodiment of the invention adopts a MOS transistor on-off control circuit. The MOS tube on-off control circuit is driven by voltage, and the power consumption is low.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the switching unit 5 of the present invention includes a first stage MOS transistor switching circuit 51 and a second stage MOS transistor switching circuit 52.
First order MOS pipe switch circuit 51 includes MOS pipe Q3, Q3's drain electrode is connected the output of voltage regulator unit 4, singlechip 1 be provided with VCC _ EN control end with Q3's gate connection, VDD end is connected to Q3's source electrode. A resistor R5 is also connected between the gate of Q3 and the drain of Q3. The first input end B1+ is connected with a capacitor C2 in parallel, and the power output end VCC is connected with capacitors C3 and C4 in parallel. The capacitors C2, C3 and C4 are used for filtering.
The second stage MOS switch circuit 52 includes MOS transistors Q2 and Q1, the gate of Q2 is connected to the VDD terminal, the source of Q2 is grounded, the drain of Q2 is connected to the gate of Q1, the drain of Q1 is connected to the second input Bn +, and the source of Q1 is connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 4.
Specifically, a resistor R1 is connected in series between the VDD terminal and the gate of Q2, a resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the gate of Q2, and a resistor R2 is connected between the gate of Q1 and the drain of Q1. The source of the Q1 is connected IN series with the resistor R4 and then connected to the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit 4 through a node LDO-IN. The input end of the node LDO-IN connected to the voltage stabilizing unit 4 is also connected with a capacitor C1 IN parallel for filtering.
The diode D3 is connected between the first input terminal B1+ of the present invention and the input terminal of the regulator unit 4 in the forward direction, and the diode D1 is connected between the second input terminal Bn + and the drain of the Q1 in the forward direction.
As shown in fig. 8, the reset circuit 3 of the present invention includes a capacitor C5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, and a MOS transistor Q5. C5's one end is connected many power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2's power output VCC, C5's the other end is connected R9's one end and Q5's grid, R9 other end ground connection, Q5's source ground connection, singlechip 1 is provided with the end NRST that resets, reset the end NRST with Q5's drain electrode is connected, many power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2's power output VCC with still connect between the end NRST that resets R8.
The working principle of the circuit of the invention is as follows:
1. a power-on reset stage:
when the power supply circuit 100 is powered on, the starting power supply 200 is connected to the input end IN of U1 through the first input end B1+, D3, after the voltage regulation of U1 (such as 2.8V), the input end IN is output to a VCC end, the voltage value of the circuit is added to a power supply pin VCC of the singlechip U2 to supply power to the singlechip U2, and simultaneously, the hardware reset action is carried out on the singlechip through a reset circuit consisting of C5, R9, Q5, R8 and D6, and the reset process is as follows: at the moment of power-on, 2.8V voltage is directly applied to a grid of the Q5 through the C5 to be conducted, the potential of a reset end NRST of the singlechip U2 is pulled low, the singlechip U2 is reset, due to the RC charging characteristics of the C5 and the R9, the Q5 automatically exits from a conducting state after a plurality of times and gradually returns to a cut-off working area, meanwhile, the potential of the reset end NRST of the singlechip U2 returns to a high potential through the R8 from 2.8V, and the singlechip U2 finishes the reset action.
Preferably, a diode D6 is connected in parallel between the gates of the capacitors C5 and Q5, and the function of the D6 is to provide a discharge path of C5 when the power is off, so as to quickly drain the charge on C5 in preparation for the next power-on.
2. And (3) a normal working stage:
the single chip microcomputer U2 can enter a normal working state after being electrified and reset, then the VCC-EN control end is set to be a low level through a program in the single chip microcomputer U2, the Q3 is conducted, the voltage of the power supply output end of the voltage stabilizing unit U1 is connected to the VDD end after the Q3 is conducted, the voltage of the VDD end is applied to the grid electrode of the Q2 through the R1 to be conducted, the grid electrode potential of the Q1 is pulled down, thereby conducting the drain and the source of the Q1, the working power supply 300 enters the Q1 drain-to-source conducting working state through the second input terminal Bn +, D1, and then is added to the node LDO-IN through R4, since the voltage of the working power supply 300 connected to the LDO-IN node is greater than the voltage of the start power supply 200 connected to the first input terminal B1+, and both are connected in parallel to the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit 4, so that the high voltage working power supply 300 is connected to the whole circuit for operation, i.e., the application of the operating power supply 300 with the second input terminal Bn + connected to the input terminal of U1 is completed. The working power supply 300 is used for supplying power to the singlechip U2 and the auxiliary function circuit thereof in the normal working stage of the singlechip U2 so as to meet the power consumption requirement in the stage.
The invention changes the power supply input end of the singlechip 1 into a stable power supply/battery (starting power supply) which is fixedly provided with the lowest power supply end, after the singlechip 1 obtains reliable power supply conditions, and at the moment of power supply entering of the singlechip 1, the singlechip 1 adopts a hardware circuit mode to carry out forced reset, so that the singlechip 1 can normally enter a program running state; after the single chip microcomputer 1 enters a stable working program, a rear-stage power supply/battery (working power supply) of a power supply end is opened to supply power, so that the reliable power supply requirements of the single chip microcomputer 1 and an internal control circuit are met.
Preferably, the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit 4 of the present invention is further connected to an external power supply, and the external power supply is connected in parallel with the output voltage of the single power supply through an isolation diode. I.e. an external power supply is connected in parallel with the starting power supply 200. As shown in fig. 7, the external power source of the present embodiment is a USB power source, and the USB power source generally provides 5V voltage, but it can be understood that other voltage values are also possible. The external power supply is connected to the LDO-IN end through an isolation diode D2 and a resistor R4, and the LDO-IN end is connected IN parallel with a first input end B1+ connected with the starting power supply 200 through an isolation diode D3. The external power source can be connected to an external power source without a battery to supply power to the whole power supply circuit 100 and the load.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 9, the power output terminal VCC of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 of the present invention is further connected with a power-off bleeder circuit 6, the power-off bleeder circuit 6 includes a MOS transistor Q4, a gate of the Q4 is connected to the first input terminal B1+, a source of the Q4 is grounded, and a drain of the Q4 is connected to the power output terminal VCC of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2.
Because the power output terminal VCC and its associated circuits have capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4, the internal power of the capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 needs to be discharged at the moment of power failure to protect the circuits.
The specific relief working process is as follows: when the power supply circuit 100 is powered off, that is, no voltage between B1+ and Bn + is 0V, the gate of Q4 is 0V, so that the drain and the source of Q4 are turned on, and the potential at the power output terminal VCC and the associated circuit is passed through the drain of Q4 to the source and then through R7 to GND, thereby achieving the purpose of discharging the electric quantity in the capacitor.
As shown in fig. 10, the present invention further provides a load control circuit 600, which includes the above-mentioned one-chip compatible power supply circuit 100, and further includes a load on-off circuit 400, where the load on-off circuit 400 is connected to the working power supply 300 and the load 500, and the one-chip 1 is provided with a PW _ EN control terminal connected to the load on-off circuit 400 to control on-off of the load on-off circuit 400. Therefore, the load 500 of the product and the single chip microcomputer 1 can share one power supply end, but the power supply end can be divided into a starting power supply and a working power supply for separate use, so that the stability of the operation of the product is ensured. The load control circuit 600 of the present invention can be used for controlling an electronic atomization device such as an electronic cigarette to ensure the stability of the operation of a single chip microcomputer in the electronic cigarette.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, the load on-off circuit 400 is composed of a triode Q6 and a MOS transistor Q7, a base of Q6 is connected to a PW _ EN control terminal of the single chip microcomputer 1, an emitter of Q6 is grounded, a collector of Q6 is connected to a gate of Q7, a drain of Q7 is connected to the second input Bn +, and a source of Q7 is connected to the load 500 through an OUT + terminal. The single chip microcomputer 1 controls the level of the PW _ EN control terminal to turn on the Q6, pulls down the gate potential of the Q7 to turn on the drain and the source of the Q7, so that the working power supply 300 enters the drain and the source of the Q7 through the second input terminal Bn +, and is loaded to the load 500 from the OUT + terminal to enable the load to work.
The compatible power supply circuit 100 and the load control circuit 600 of the single chip microcomputer provided by the embodiment of the invention are provided with the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 and the reset circuit 3, wherein the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit 2 is connected with two different power supplies which are respectively a starting power supply 200 and a working power supply 300, the starting power supply 200 is provided by a single power supply, and the working power supply 300 is provided by a plurality of power supplies. The starting power supply 200 is connected to the single chip microcomputer 1 when the single chip microcomputer 1 is powered on to forcibly reset and start the single chip microcomputer 1, the working power supply 300 is connected to the single chip microcomputer 1 after the single chip microcomputer 1 is reset and enters a normal working state to supply power, therefore, no matter the quantity of power supplies changes or the fluctuation of the total output voltage caused by unstable connection among a plurality of power supplies, the single chip microcomputer 1 is started by using the fixed voltage provided by a single power supply as the starting power supply 200 and is used after voltage stabilization processing, the single chip microcomputer 1 is switched to the working power supply 300 after being normally started to supply power to the single chip microcomputer 1 and a functional circuit associated with the single chip microcomputer, and the working stability of the single chip microcomputer 1 is ensured.
The above description is only for clearly illustrating the invention and is not therefore to be considered as limiting the scope of the invention, and all embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the technical solutions of the present invention or other related technical fields directly/indirectly applied under the concept of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A compatible power supply circuit of a singlechip comprises the singlechip and is characterized in that,
the power supply circuit also comprises a multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit and a reset circuit;
the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is used for connecting a starting power supply and a working power supply, outputting the power supply to the single chip microcomputer and the reset circuit after voltage stabilization, the reset circuit is also connected with the single chip microcomputer, the starting power supply is provided by the output voltage of a single power supply, and the working power supply is provided by the total output voltage formed by connecting a plurality of power supplies in series or the output voltage formed by boosting the single power supply;
when the single chip microcomputer is powered on, the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit enables the starting power supply to be accessed for use, and the reset circuit forces the single chip microcomputer to reset;
after the single chip microcomputer is reset, the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit enables the working power supply to be accessed and used.
2. The compatible power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the single power source is a single battery, and the plurality of power sources are a plurality of batteries.
3. The compatible power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein,
the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is provided with a first input end, a second input end and a power supply output end, wherein the first input end is used for being connected with the starting power supply, the second input end is used for being connected with the working power supply, and the power supply output end outputs the voltage subjected to voltage stabilizing treatment to the single chip microcomputer and the reset circuit.
4. The single chip compatible power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein a diode D3 is connected in a forward direction between the starting power supply and the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit, and a diode D1 is connected in a forward direction between the working power supply and the multi-power voltage stabilizing circuit.
5. The single chip compatible power supply circuit according to claim 3, wherein the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing unit and a switch unit, the switch unit is connected between the working power supply and the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit, and the starting power supply is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit;
the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit and the connecting end of the starting power supply are the first input end, the input end of the switch unit and the connecting end of the working power supply are the second input end, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit is the power output end.
6. The SCM compatible power supply circuit of claim 5, wherein the voltage regulation unit is a voltage regulator.
7. The compatible supply circuit of claim 5, wherein the switching unit comprises a first stage MOS transistor switching circuit and a second stage MOS transistor switching circuit;
the first-stage MOS tube switching circuit comprises an MOS tube Q3, the drain electrode of the Q3 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing unit, the singlechip is provided with a VCC _ EN control end which is connected with the grid electrode of the Q3, and the source electrode of the Q3 is connected with a VDD end;
the second stage MOS tube switch circuit comprises MOS tubes Q2 and Q1, wherein the grid electrode of the Q2 is connected with a VDD end, the source electrode of the Q2 is grounded, the drain electrode of the Q2 is connected with the grid electrode of the Q1, the drain electrode of the Q1 is connected with the second input end, and the source electrode of the Q1 is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing unit.
8. The compatible power supply circuit of claim 7, wherein the input terminal of the voltage stabilizing unit is further connected to an external power supply, and the external power supply is connected in parallel with the output voltage of the single power supply through an isolation diode.
9. The SCM compatibility power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein the first input terminal is connected in parallel with a capacitor C2, the second input terminal is connected in parallel with a capacitor C1, and the power output terminal is connected in parallel with capacitors C3 and C4.
10. The compatible supply circuit of claim 3, wherein the reset circuit comprises a capacitor C5, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, and a MOS transistor Q5;
one end of the C5 is connected with the power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the C5 is connected with one end of the R9 and the grid electrode of the Q5, the other end of the R9 is grounded, the source electrode of the Q5 is grounded, the single chip microcomputer is provided with a reset end NRST, the reset end NRST is connected with the drain electrode of the Q5, and the power output end of the multi-power-supply voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the reset end NRST and is further connected with the R8.
11. The single chip compatible power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein a power supply output end of the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit is further connected with a power-off bleeder circuit, the power-off bleeder circuit comprises a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube Q4, a gate of the Q4 is connected with the first input end, a source of the Q4 is grounded, and a drain of the Q4 is connected with a power supply output end of the multi-power supply voltage stabilizing circuit.
12. A load control circuit, comprising the compatible power supply circuit of any one of claims 1-11, further comprising a load on-off circuit, wherein the load on-off circuit is connected to the working power supply and a load, and the single chip is provided with a PW _ EN control terminal connected to the load on-off circuit to control the on-off of the load on-off circuit.
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