CN113740833B - Microwave photon radar communication integrated system and method - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
- G01S13/282—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses using a frequency modulated carrier wave
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
- G01S17/26—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar communication integration, and particularly relates to a microwave photon radar communication integration system and method. The system of the invention inserts the optical multi-dimensional regulation and control module into a traditional OEO with mode selection, amplification and optical fiber energy storage devices, and carries out flexible high-speed control and full multiplexing on four dimensions of frequency, phase, amplitude and polarization of light, thereby realizing relatively independent parallel fusion of radar communication functions in a radio frequency band. The method provided by the invention utilizes OEO to provide radio frequency local oscillation, optimizes phase noise of integrated signals, and solves the problem of dependence on high-frequency external sources; the radar distance ambiguity problem caused by high-speed communication is solved by multidimensional regulation and multiplexing of light in an OEO loop. The radar and communication performance realized by the method of the invention are as follows: maximum detection distanceCommunication capacityDistance resolutionThe numerical values M, N and tau can be flexibly changed to perform performance optimization, and requirements for radar and communication performance in different application scenes can be better met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar communication integration, and particularly relates to a microwave photon radar communication integration system and method.
Background
With the rise of intelligent traffic concepts, the vehicle needs to interact with other cooperation platforms in real time while detecting the environment with high precision. Under the promotion of the necessity of reducing the system power consumption and hardware redundancy, the functional integration and collaborative coexistence of the radar and the communication are realized on the same platform under the support of the feasibility that the working frequencies and the hardware structures of the radar and the communication tend to be consistent, so that the research hot spot is formed. In recent years, a plurality of radar communication integrated system structures based on the ideas of time division, frequency division, space division, code and the like are proposed, and the core is to allocate and multiplex different types of resources, which inevitably generates interference and affects performance. The common waveform is formed by carrying out software-level fusion and decoupling on the common waveform and the common waveform through signal design and digital processing, so that the common waveform is not interfered with each other and the efficiency is maximized. The integrated common waveform needs to meet the requirements of radar high resolution and high-speed effective communication at the same time, but due to the limitation of electronic bottleneck, signals generated by the digital-to-analog converter cannot cover high frequency and large bandwidth, and the resolution of the radar is affected. Electronic frequency doubling can degrade phase noise, affecting communication quality and receiver sensitivity. The high loss and electromagnetic interference of cable transmissions is also a challenge for the wide coverage of smart city networks. The microwave photonics introduces the advantages of high frequency, large bandwidth, electromagnetic interference immunity and the like of an optical domain into the electronic field, and provides support for high-quality integrated signal generation.
In the existing integrated system for microwave photonic radar communication, the communication function is embedded in the traditional radar pulse waveform through cascading electro-optic modulation, so that the independence of the two functions is destroyed, and the compromise exists between the radar and the communication performance. Meanwhile, in order to meet the frequency band requirement of the existing automotive radar, an external microwave source is used as a local oscillator, and it is necessary to up-convert the integrated signal. But this adds cost and complexity to the system and the additional introduced phase noise degrades the integration performance and also results in the system not being able to completely depart from the bottleneck. The photoelectric oscillator (Optoelectronic Oscillator, abbreviated as OEO) is a typical application of photon technology in the field of microwave oscillation signal generation, and the photoelectric hybrid resonant cavity provides characteristics of high Q value, low phase noise and photoelectric dual output, and can realize corresponding radio frequency signal output through broadband high-speed multidimensional regulation of an optical domain. There is thus a performance tradeoff between communication and radar and reliance on high quality external microwave sources in existing integrated system technologies, affecting the cost, complexity and joint performance of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microwave photon radar communication integrated system and a method, which utilize OEO to provide radio frequency local oscillation, optimize phase noise of integrated signals and solve the problem of dependence of the prior art on high-frequency external sources; the radar distance ambiguity problem caused by high-speed communication is solved by multidimensional regulation and multiplexing of light in an OEO loop.
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated system, which comprises: the device comprises a laser source, an optical multi-dimensional modulator, an optical coupler, a polarization beam splitter, a balance detector, a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter, an electric coupler, a quadrature mixer, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; the laser, the optical multi-dimensional modulator, the long optical fiber, the photoelectric detector, the amplifier, the filter and the electric coupler form a photoelectric oscillator;
The output of the laser source is connected with an optical input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator, a digital input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a two-circuit digital code source, a radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator, the digital signal sent by the two-circuit digital code source and the single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator are utilized to regulate and multiplex the frequency, amplitude, phase and polarization of laser sent by the laser source through the optical multi-dimensional regulator, the laser is divided into two paths of signals by an optical coupler, one path of output signal of the optical coupler is connected with the input of an electric coupler after passing through a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier and a filter in sequence, and one path of output signal of the electric coupler is connected with the radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator to form a closed photoelectric oscillator; the other path of output signal of the optical coupler is input into the balance detector through the polarization beam splitter to obtain a radar communication integrated signal, the radar communication integrated signal is transmitted through the transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna receives the radar communication integrated signal, the radar communication integrated signal and the other path of output signal of the electric coupler are transmitted to the quadrature mixer together, the mixed signal is transmitted to the digital signal processing module, and the digital signal processing module processes and demodulates the mixed signal to obtain distance information and communication information of the radar, so that radar communication integration is realized.
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the working frequency range of radar communication integration, determining the center frequency of a filter in the photoelectric oscillator; the radio frequency signal in the photoelectric oscillator passes through a 90-degree bridge, a double-parallel modulator with a single sideband modulation working state is driven in the X polarization direction, a single sideband spectrum E x in the X polarization direction is generated, and the frequency interval between an optical carrier in the single sideband spectrum E x and the radio frequency modulation sideband is the oscillation frequency omega e of the photoelectric oscillator;
(2) Setting the bits of communication information as c I and c Q, and designing a radar communication integrated signal: namely, two paths of bipolar coded pulse compression signals r I (t) and r Q (t) are adopted, the lengths of the bipolar codes are M and N respectively, the code element period of the bipolar codes is tau, and the set communication information bits c I and c Q are modulated on the whole polarities of the pulse compression signals r I (t) and r Q (t) to obtain two paths of radar communication integrated signals rc I (t) and rc Q (t);
(3) According to rc I (t) and rc Q (t) in step (2), driving a double parallel modulator with an operating state of suppressing carrier modulation in the Y polarization direction to generate a baseband spectrum E y in the Y polarization direction;
(4) A part of signals of the optical multi-dimensional modulator are input to a polarization beam splitter by utilizing an optical coupler, two output signals of the polarization beam splitter are respectively E x+Ey and E x-Ey, the two output signals are subjected to independent beat frequency in a balance detector and then subtracted, a radio-frequency radar communication integrated signal E xEy * without carrier leakage and image interference is generated, and the radar communication integrated signal E xEy * is transmitted through an antenna;
(5) After the radar communication integrated signal E xEy * in the step (4) is received by an antenna, carrying out quadrature mixing and analog-to-digital conversion, carrying out pulse compression on two paths of signals in a digital signal processing module to obtain communication information and two paths of radar echo delay information delta tau I and delta tau Q, and obtaining real radar echo delay delta tau by the digital signal processing module through data fusion to realize the integration of microwave photon radar communication.
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated system and a method, which are characterized in that:
According to the microwave photon radar communication integrated system, an optical multi-dimensional regulation module is inserted into a traditional OEO with a mode selection, amplification and optical fiber energy storage device, four dimensions of frequency, phase, amplitude and polarization of light are flexibly and high-speed controlled and fully multiplexed, and the relatively independent parallel fusion of radar communication functions is realized in a radio frequency band. According to the microwave photon radar communication integrated method, the OEO is utilized to provide the radio frequency local oscillation, so that the phase noise of an integrated signal is optimized, and the problem of dependence on a high-frequency external source is solved; the multi-dimensional regulation and multiplexing of light in the OEO loop solves the problem of radar distance ambiguity caused by high-speed communication, breaks through performance tradeoff existing in the traditional integrated method, and enables two functions to be independently designed and optimized; because the OEO has the characteristics of wideband tunability and independence of phase noise from frequency, the method combines corresponding signal receiving and processing methods, breaks through the joint performance limit, eliminates the problem of radar distance ambiguity caused by high-speed communication, and finally realizes a high-quality and reconfigurable integrated system. The microwave photon radar communication integrated method of the invention can realize the following radar and communication performances: maximum detection distance Communication capacityDistance resolutionThe numerical values M, N and tau can be flexibly changed to perform performance optimization so as to better meet the requirements of radar and communication performance in different application scenes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave photon radar communication integrated system provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical multi-dimensional modulator in the system shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of spectral transformation during integrated signal generation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the phase noise curve of OEO.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a radar range profile implemented in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication EVM curve implemented by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated system, the structure of which is shown in figure 1, comprising: the device comprises a laser source, an optical multi-dimensional modulator, an optical coupler, a polarization beam splitter, a balance detector, a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter, an electric coupler, a quadrature mixer, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; the laser, the optical multi-dimensional modulator, the long optical fiber, the photoelectric detector, the amplifier, the filter and the electric coupler form a photoelectric oscillator;
The output of the laser source is connected with an optical input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator, a digital input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a two-path digital code source, a radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator loop, the digital signal sent by the two-path digital code source and the single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator loop are utilized to regulate and multiplex the frequency, amplitude, phase and polarization of laser sent by the laser source through the optical multi-dimensional regulator, the laser is divided into two paths of signals by an optical coupler, one path of output signal of the optical coupler is connected with the input of an electric coupler after passing through an optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier and a filter in sequence, and one path of output signal of the electric coupler is connected with the radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator to form a closed photoelectric oscillator, namely the OEO; the other path of output signal of the optical coupler is input into the balance detector through the polarization beam splitter to obtain a radar communication integrated signal, a spectrum transformation schematic diagram in the signal generation process is shown as shown in fig. 3, the radar communication integrated signal is transmitted through the transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna receives the radar communication integrated signal, the radar communication integrated signal and the other path of output signal of the electric coupler of the photoelectric oscillator are transmitted to the quadrature mixer together, the mixed signal is transmitted to the digital signal processing module, and the digital signal processing module processes and demodulates the mixed signal to obtain distance information and communication information of the radar, so that the radar communication integration is realized.
In the integrated microwave photonic radar communication system, the specific structure of the optical multi-dimension modulator is shown in fig. 2, the integrated microwave photonic radar communication system comprises a 90-degree bridge and a dual-polarization dual-parallel modulator, a single-frequency oscillation signal of the loop of the photoelectric oscillator is connected with the 90-degree bridge, two output signals of the 90-degree bridge are respectively loaded on two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) in the X polarization direction, two digital code sources are input and loaded on the two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators in the Y polarization direction, and two paths of light in the X and Y polarization directions are combined into one path through one polarization beam combiner to be used as the output of the optical multi-dimension modulator.
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the working frequency range of radar communication integration, determining the center frequency of a filter in the photoelectric oscillator; the radio frequency signal in the photoelectric oscillator passes through a 90-degree bridge, a double-parallel modulator with a single sideband modulation working state is driven in the X polarization direction, a single sideband spectrum E x in the X polarization direction is generated, and the frequency interval between an optical carrier in the single sideband spectrum E x and the radio frequency modulation sideband is the oscillation frequency omega e of the photoelectric oscillator;
(2) Setting the bits of communication information as c I and c Q, and designing a radar communication integrated signal: namely, two paths of bipolar coded pulse compression signals r I (t) and r Q (t) are adopted, the lengths of the bipolar codes are M and N respectively, the code element period of the bipolar codes is tau, and the set communication information bits c I and c Q are modulated on the whole polarities of the pulse compression signals r I (t) and r Q (t) to obtain two paths of radar communication integrated signals rc I (t) and rc Q (t);
(3) According to rc I (t) and rc Q (t) in step (2), driving a double parallel modulator with an operating state of suppressing carrier modulation in the Y polarization direction to generate a baseband spectrum E y in the Y polarization direction;
(4) A part of signals of the optical multi-dimensional modulator are input to a polarization beam splitter by utilizing an optical coupler, two output signals of the polarization beam splitter are respectively E x+Ey and E x-Ey, the two output signals are subjected to independent beat frequency in a balance detector and then subtracted, a radio-frequency radar communication integrated signal E xEy * without carrier leakage and image interference is generated, and the radar communication integrated signal E xEy * is transmitted through an antenna;
(5) After the radar communication integrated signal E xEy * in the step (4) is received by an antenna, carrying out quadrature mixing and analog-to-digital conversion, carrying out pulse compression on two paths of signals in a digital signal processing module to obtain communication information and two paths of radar echo delay information Deltaτ I and Deltaτ Q, and obtaining real radar echo delay Deltaτ when Deltaτ I+i·Mτ＝△τQ +j.Nτ (i and j are any positive integers) is met by the digital signal processing module through data fusion, so as to realize microwave photon radar communication integration.
The microwave photon radar communication integrated method of the invention can realize the following radar and communication performances: maximum detection distanceCommunication capacityDistance resolutionThe numerical values M, N and tau can be flexibly changed to perform performance optimization so as to better meet the requirements of radar and communication performance in different application scenes.
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a microwave photon radar communication integrated system, wherein each part is realized as follows:
The response speed of the 90-degree bridge, the double-polarization double-parallel modulator, the balance detector, the amplifier, the electric coupler, the photoelectric detector and the IQ mixer is greater than the working frequency of the target integrated signal;
the center frequency of the filter is equal to the working frequency of the target integrated signal;
the code rate of the digital code source is larger than the bandwidth of the target integrated signal;
The dual-polarization dual-parallel modulator should be biased to a single sideband modulation operating point in the X direction and should be biased to a carrier modulation suppression operating point in the Y direction.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the quadrature modulator used is manufactured by Sichuan Hengwei corporation under the product model number HWIQ60265-18; the electric coupler is manufactured by A-INFO company, and the product model is GF-T8-10-26.5; the dual polarization dual parallel modulator used was manufactured by Fuji-Tong corporation under the product model FTM7977.
One embodiment of the method of the present invention is described below:
In this embodiment, taking a radar communication integrated system operating at 24GHz frequency and with a bandwidth of 2GHz as an example, m=11, n=13, an OEO-based microwave photonic radar communication integrated system device is implemented, and experimental verification is performed. The phase noise of the carrier frequency generated in OEO reaches-123 dBc/Hz at a frequency offset of 10kHz, as shown in fig. 4, demonstrating that the generated integrated signal has less phase jitter. The receiving end carries out pulse compression demodulation on the two paths of signals respectively, changes the one-dimensional distance image as shown in fig. 5 (a) and (b), and the one-dimensional distance image after data fusion as shown in fig. 5 (c), so that the maximum detection range is greatly enlarged under the condition of unchanged resolution, and the problem of distance blurring caused by high-speed communication is solved. Meanwhile, a communication capacity of 335.6Mbps was obtained, and a curve (EVM) of the error vector magnitude with the received power was shown in fig. 6.
Claims (1)
1. A microwave photon radar communication integration method based on a microwave photon radar communication integration system is characterized in that,
The system comprises: the device comprises a laser source, an optical multi-dimensional modulator, an optical coupler, a polarization beam splitter, a balance detector, a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier, a filter, an electric coupler, a quadrature mixer, a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; the laser source, the optical multi-dimensional modulator, the long optical fiber, the photoelectric detector, the amplifier, the filter and the electric coupler form a photoelectric oscillator;
The output of the laser source is connected with an optical input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator, a digital input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a two-circuit digital code source, a radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator is connected with a single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator, the digital signal sent by the two-circuit digital code source and the single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator are utilized to regulate and multiplex the frequency, amplitude, phase and polarization of laser sent by the laser source through the optical multi-dimensional regulator, the laser is divided into two paths of signals by an optical coupler, one path of output signal of the optical coupler is connected with the input of an electric coupler after passing through a long optical fiber, a photoelectric detector, an amplifier and a filter in sequence, and one path of output signal of the electric coupler is connected with the radio frequency input port of the optical multi-dimensional regulator to form a closed photoelectric oscillator; the other path of output signal of the optical coupler is input into the balance detector through the polarization beam splitter to obtain a radar communication integrated signal, the radar communication integrated signal is transmitted through the transmitting antenna, the receiving antenna receives the radar communication integrated signal, the radar communication integrated signal and the other path of output signal of the electric coupler are transmitted to the quadrature mixer together, the mixed signal is transmitted to the digital signal processing module, the digital signal processing module processes and demodulates the mixed signal to obtain distance information and communication information of the radar, and radar communication integration is realized;
The optical multi-dimensional modulator comprises a 90-degree bridge and a double-polarization double-parallel modulator, wherein a single-frequency oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator loop is connected with the 90-degree bridge, two output signals of the 90-degree bridge are respectively loaded on two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs) in the X polarization direction, two digital code sources are input and loaded on the two parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators in the Y polarization direction, and two paths of light in the X and Y polarization directions are combined into one path through a polarization beam combiner to serve as the output of the optical multi-dimensional modulator;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the working frequency range of radar communication integration, determining the center frequency of a filter in the photoelectric oscillator; the method comprises the steps that a radio frequency signal in a photoelectric oscillator passes through a 90-degree bridge, a double-parallel modulator with a single sideband modulation working state is driven in an X polarization direction, a single sideband spectrum Ex in the X polarization direction is generated, and the frequency interval between an optical carrier wave and a radio frequency modulation sideband in the single sideband spectrum Ex is the oscillation frequency omega e of the photoelectric oscillator;
(2) Setting bits of communication information as cI and cQ, and designing radar communication integrated signals: the method comprises the steps of modulating set communication information bits cI and cQ on the whole polarities of pulse compression signals rI (t) and rQ (t) to obtain two paths of radar communication integrated signals rcI (t) and rcQ (t) by adopting two paths of pulse compression signals rI (t) and rQ (t) with bipolar coding lengths of M and N respectively and a symbol period of the bipolar coding of tau;
(3) Driving a double-parallel modulator with a working state of inhibiting carrier modulation in the Y polarization direction according to the rcI (t) and the rcQ (t) in the step (2) to generate a baseband spectrum Ey in the Y polarization direction;
(4) Using an optical coupler to input a part of signals of the optical multi-dimensional modulator to a polarization beam splitter, so that two output signals of the polarization beam splitter are Ex+Ey and Ex-Ey respectively, the two output signals are subjected to independent beat frequency in a balance detector and then subtracted to generate radio frequency radar communication integrated signals ExEy without carrier leakage and image interference, and the radar communication integrated signals ExEy are transmitted through an antenna;
(5) After receiving the radar communication integrated signal ExEy in the step (4) by an antenna, performing quadrature mixing and analog-to-digital conversion, performing pulse compression on two paths of signals in a digital signal processing module to obtain communication information and two paths of radar echo delay information DeltaτI and DeltaτQ, wherein when Deltaτ= DeltaτI+i.Mτ= DeltaτQ+j.Nτ is satisfied by the digital signal processing module through data fusion, I and j are arbitrary positive integers; the real radar echo delay delta tau is obtained, and the integration of microwave photon radar communication is realized.
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