CN113738844B

CN113738844B - Four keep off through bridge reduction gear structure and car

Info

Publication number: CN113738844B
Application number: CN202111066916.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯涛; 许可; 王震
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-09-13
Filing date: 2021-09-13
Publication date: 2023-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-13
Also published as: CN113738844A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile axle control, and discloses a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure and an automobile. The four-gear through bridge speed reducer structure comprises an input shaft, a connecting shaft, a first output gear, a cross planetary gear set, an output gear shaft and a sliding gear sleeve. The input shaft is provided with a first spline shaft, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected with the input shaft, and a second spline shaft, a first output gear, a cross planetary gear set and a second output gear are sequentially arranged on the connecting shaft. First output gear fixedly connected with ring gear, the ring gear inner wall is provided with the spline groove, and slip tooth cover slidable mounting is epaxial in first integral key shaft and second spline, and slip tooth cover periphery is provided with the connection spline, connects the spline and can with the spline groove joint, and slip tooth cover is provided with the connection tooth towards one side of terminal surface tooth, connects the tooth ability and the terminal surface tooth meshing of first output gear. The four-gear through axle speed reducer structure has four gears, can be switched and selected according to different driving road conditions and vehicle loads, and achieves the purpose of energy conservation.

Description

Four keep off through bridge reduction gear structure and car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile axle control, in particular to a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure and an automobile.

Background

In the technical field of domestic through drive axles, the inter-axle differential only has two gears, namely two gears of a differential state of a middle axle and a rear axle and a differential locking state of the middle axle and the rear axle. With the increase of the market demand for energy conservation and environmental protection, the interaxial differential mechanism structure can not meet the market demand for energy conservation and environmental protection, and can not solve the problems of low energy utilization rate and the like. Keep off the position function few, can't carry out the switching that suitable fender position according to different road conditions, improve driving experience, realize energy-conserving effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure and an automobile, and solves the problems of few gear functions and low energy utilization rate of the existing speed reducer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

on the one hand, a four-gear through bridge speed reducer structure is provided, including:

the gear box comprises an input shaft, a first spline shaft and a second spline shaft, wherein one end of the input shaft is provided with the first spline shaft;

the connecting shaft is coaxial with the input shaft and is in rotating connection with the input shaft, a second spline shaft is arranged on the connecting shaft, and the first spline shaft is abutted to the second spline shaft;

the first output gear is sleeved on the connecting shaft, one side, facing the first spline shaft, of the first output gear is fixedly connected with a gear ring, and spline grooves are formed in the periphery of the inner wall of the gear ring in a protruding mode; one side of the first output gear, which is close to the gear ring, is provided with end face teeth, and the other side of the first output gear, which is far away from the gear ring, is provided with bevel teeth;

the cross planetary gear set comprises four planetary gears and a cross shaft, the four planetary gears are rotationally connected with the cross shaft, the cross shaft is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft, and the bevel gear is meshed with the four planetary gears;

the output gear shaft is sleeved on the connecting shaft, one end of the output gear shaft, close to the cross planetary gear set, is provided with a second output gear, and the second output gear is meshed with the four planetary gears;

the sliding gear sleeve is sleeved on the first spline shaft and can be in sliding connection with the first spline shaft and the second spline shaft, a connecting spline is arranged on the periphery of the sliding gear sleeve and can be clamped with the spline grooves, a connecting tooth is arranged on one side, facing the end face teeth, of the sliding gear sleeve, and the connecting tooth can be meshed with the end face teeth.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the gear ring, and a fastener passes through the mounting holes to be detachably connected to the first output gear.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, the fastening member is a bolt, the first output gear is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of mounting holes one to one, and the fastening member penetrates through the mounting holes and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, a connecting groove is formed on an end surface of the first spline shaft close to the second spline shaft, and the connecting shaft extends into the connecting groove and is rotatably connected to the connecting groove.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, a first needle bearing is installed at a rotational connection position of the connection shaft and the connection groove.

As a preferable configuration of the present invention, a second needle bearing is provided at a contact portion between the first spline shaft and the second spline shaft.

In a preferred configuration of the present invention, the first spline shaft and the second spline shaft have the same radial dimension.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, the sliding gear sleeve further includes a shifting fork, a ring groove is formed on the periphery of the sliding gear sleeve, and the shifting fork is installed in the ring groove.

As a preferable structure of the present invention, the cross shaft includes four rotating shafts vertically connected in the same plane and independently rotating, the four rotating shafts correspond to the four planetary gears one by one, and the planetary gears are rotationally connected to the rotating shafts.

In another aspect, an automobile is provided, which comprises the four-gear through axle speed reducer structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the four-gear through-bridge speed reducer structure has four gears, namely a neutral gear state, a single-axle driving state, a double-axle differential state and a double-axle differential locking state, by shifting the sliding gear sleeve, a driver can switch proper gears according to different driving road conditions and different vehicle loads, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved. The automobile comprises the four-gear through axle reducer structure, so that the automobile has four gears, and the automobile performance and the driving experience are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure in a neutral gear state according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure in a single axle driving state according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure in a two-axle differential state according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a four-gear through axle speed reducer structure in a double-axle differential locking state according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view at A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an input shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first output gear according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sliding sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. an input shaft; 11. a first spline shaft; 111. connecting grooves; 112. a first needle bearing; 113. a second needle bearing;

2. a connecting shaft; 21. a second spline shaft;

3. a first output gear; 31. a ring gear; 311. a spline groove; 312. mounting holes; 32. end face teeth; 33. conical teeth;

4. a cross planetary gear set; 41. a planetary gear; 42. a cross shaft;

5. an output gear shaft; 51. a second output gear;

6. a sliding gear sleeve; 61. connecting a spline; 62. a connecting tooth; 63. a shifting fork; 64. and a ring groove.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts throughout or parts having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, fixed or detachable connections, mechanical or electrical connections, direct or indirect connections via intermediate media, communication between two elements, or the interaction between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature being in contact not directly but with another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature "on," "above" and "over" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. "beneath," "under" and "beneath" a first feature includes the first feature being directly beneath and obliquely beneath the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to be limiting.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a four-gear through-axle reducer structure, which includes an input shaft 1, a connecting shaft 2, a first output gear 3, a cross planetary gear set 4, an output gear shaft 5, and a sliding sleeve gear 6. One end of the input shaft 1 is provided with a first spline shaft 11, and the first spline shaft 11 and the input shaft 1 are integrally formed. Further, the connecting shaft 2 is arranged coaxially with the input shaft 1 and is rotatably connected with the input shaft 1, a second spline shaft 21 is arranged on the connecting shaft 2, the first spline shaft 11 is in contact with the second spline shaft 21 in an abutting mode, and the radial sizes of the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21 are the same. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the specific structure of the input shaft 1 and the connecting shaft 2 is that a circular connecting groove 111 is opened on the end surface of the first spline shaft 11 near the second spline shaft 21, and the shaft end of the connecting shaft 2 extends into the connecting groove 111, is rotatably connected with the connecting groove 111, and can rotate relative to the connecting groove 111. Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, in order to reduce the wear of the coupling groove 111 and the shaft end of the connecting shaft 2 and to strengthen the rotational connection between the coupling groove 111 and the connecting shaft 2, a first needle bearing 112 is installed at the rotational connection between the connecting shaft 2 and the coupling groove 111, an annular mounting groove is formed on the contact surface between the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21, and a second needle bearing 113 is installed in the mounting groove.

Further, the first output gear 3 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 2 and can rotate relative to the connecting shaft 2, and the output torque of the first output gear 3 can be output to the middle axle wheel, and the specific structure thereof is shown in fig. 8. Specifically, a ring gear 31 is fixedly connected to the first output gear 3 on the side facing the first spline shaft 11, and the ring gear 31 is hollow and annular, has a radial dimension larger than the radial dimensions of the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21, and is circumferentially spaced from the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21. Spline grooves 311 are formed in the periphery of the inner wall of ring gear 31 in a protruding manner, and the spline grooves 311 are aligned with the first spline shaft 11. One side of the first output gear 3 close to the ring gear 31 is provided with face teeth 32, and the other side of the first output gear 3 away from the ring gear 31 is provided with bevel teeth 33. More specifically, a plurality of mounting holes 312 are formed in the ring gear 31, and fasteners pass through the mounting holes 312 to be detachably connected with the first output gear 3, so that the ring gear 31 can be conveniently mounted and replaced. Preferably, in this embodiment, the fastening member is a bolt, the first output gear 3 is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of mounting holes 312 one to one, and the fastening member passes through the mounting hole 312 and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes. In addition, other types of detachable connection manners can be used, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

Further, the cross planetary gear set 4 includes four planetary gears 41 and a cross 42, a spline hole is opened on the connecting shaft 2, and the cross 42 is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 2 through a key connection. The cross shaft 42 is in a cross shape and is composed of four rotating shafts which are vertically connected on the same plane and rotate independently, the four planetary gears 41 are respectively installed in one-to-one correspondence with the four rotating shafts, each rotating shaft is rotatably installed with one planetary gear 41, and the bevel gear 33 is meshed with the four planetary gears 41. In the present embodiment, the cross shaft 42 is a conventional device in the art, and the detailed structure and principle thereof are not described in this embodiment.

Further, the output gear shaft 5 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 2 and can rotate relative to the connecting shaft 2, one end of the output gear shaft 5 close to the cross planetary gear set 4 is provided with a second output gear 51, and the second output gear 51 is meshed with the four planetary gears 41. In the present embodiment, the output torque of the second output gear 51 is output to the rear axle wheels.

Further, the sliding sleeve 6 is fitted over the first spline shaft 11 and can be slidably connected to the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21. The sliding gear sleeve 6 has a specific structure as shown in fig. 9, the sliding gear sleeve 6 is provided with a connecting spline 61 on the outer periphery thereof, the connecting spline 61 can be engaged with the spline groove 311, one side of the sliding gear sleeve 6 facing the end face teeth 32 is provided with a connecting tooth 62, and the connecting tooth 62 can be engaged with the end face teeth 32. Specifically, the sliding gear sleeve 6 further comprises a shifting fork 63, a ring groove 64 is formed in the periphery of the sliding gear sleeve 6, and the shifting fork 63 is installed in the ring groove 64. The movement of the sliding sleeve gear 6 on the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21 is controlled by moving the shift fork 63.

The four gear states of the four-gear through axle speed reducer structure of the invention are respectively a neutral gear state, a single axle driving state, a double axle differential state and a double axle differential locking state, in this embodiment, the output torque of the first output gear 3 is output to the middle axle wheels, and the output torque of the second output gear 51 is output to the rear axle wheels, taking this as an example, the specific working process and working principle of the four-gear through axle speed reducer structure in the four gear states are described in detail as follows:

in the neutral state, as shown in fig. 1, the sliding sleeve 6 is positioned on the first spline shaft 21, and the connecting spline 61 on the sliding sleeve 6 is separated from the spline groove 311, so that the input torque of the input shaft 1 cannot be transmitted to the first output gear 3 and the second output gear 51, and the rotational speeds of the intermediate axle wheels and the rear axle wheels are not affected by the input torque. Under the single axle driving state (middle axle single axle drive), as shown in fig. 2, remove slip toothed sleeve 6 through shift fork 63, make the connecting spline 61 and the spline groove 311 joint of slip toothed sleeve 6, the input torque of input shaft 1 accessible ring gear 31 transmission is to first output gear 3 this moment, the rotation of drive middle axle wheel. In the double-axle differential state (intermediate axle and rear axle differential state), as shown in fig. 3, the sliding sleeve 6 is simultaneously connected to the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21, the connecting spline 61 on the sliding sleeve 6 is disengaged from the spline groove 311, and at this time, the input torque of the input shaft 1 can be transmitted to the second output gear 51 through the second spline shaft 21, the cross shaft 42 and the planetary gear 41 thereon, so that the first output gear 3 and the second output gear 51 are in the differential state. In the double-axle differential locking state (the middle axle and the rear axle are locked in a differential manner), as shown in fig. 4, the sliding gear sleeve 6 is simultaneously connected with the first spline shaft 11 and the second spline shaft 21, the connecting teeth 62 on the sliding gear sleeve 6 are meshed with the end face teeth 32 on the first output gear 3, and the input torque of the input shaft 1 can simultaneously act on the first output gear 3 and the second output gear 51, so that the middle axle and the rear axle are in the differential locking state.

In addition, the invention also discloses an automobile using the four-gear through axle speed reducer structure, which specifically comprises an input shaft 1, a connecting shaft 2, a first output gear 3, a cross planetary gear set 4, an output gear shaft 5 and a sliding gear sleeve 6. The input shaft 1 is used for inputting torque, and the output torques of the first output gear 3 and the output gear shaft 5 are respectively output to the middle axle wheels and the rear axle wheels. The specific structures of the input shaft 1, the connecting shaft 2, the first output gear 3, the cross planetary gear set 4, the output gear shaft 5 and the sliding gear sleeve 6 are the same as those described above. The automobile adopts the four-gear through axle reducer structure, so that energy is saved, emission is reduced, and the adaptability of the automobile under various road conditions is improved.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a four keep off through bridge reduction gear structure which characterized in that includes:

the gear box comprises an input shaft (1), wherein a first spline shaft (11) is arranged at one end of the input shaft (1);

the connecting shaft (2) is coaxial with the input shaft (1) and is rotationally connected with the input shaft (1), a second spline shaft (21) is arranged on the connecting shaft (2), and the first spline shaft (11) is abutted to the second spline shaft (21);

the first output gear (3) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (2), one side, facing the first spline shaft (11), of the first output gear (3) is fixedly connected with a gear ring (31), and spline grooves (311) are formed in the periphery of the inner wall of the gear ring (31) in a protruding mode; one side of the first output gear (3) close to the gear ring (31) is provided with end face teeth (32), and the other side of the first output gear (3) far away from the gear ring (31) is provided with bevel teeth (33);

the crossed planetary gear set (4) comprises four planetary gears (41) and a crossed shaft (42), the four planetary gears (41) are rotationally connected with the crossed shaft (42), the crossed shaft (42) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft (2), and the bevel teeth (33) are meshed with the four planetary gears (41);

the output gear shaft (5) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (2), one end, close to the cross planetary gear set (4), of the output gear shaft (5) is provided with a second output gear (51), and the second output gear (51) is meshed with the four planetary gears (41);

the sliding gear sleeve (6) is sleeved on the first spline shaft (11) and can be in sliding connection with the first spline shaft (11) and the second spline shaft (21), a connecting spline (61) is arranged on the periphery of the sliding gear sleeve (6), the connecting spline (61) can be clamped with the spline groove (311), a connecting tooth (62) is arranged on one side, facing the end face teeth (32), of the sliding gear sleeve (6), and the connecting tooth (62) can be meshed with the end face teeth (32);

in a neutral state, the sliding gear sleeve (6) is positioned on the first spline shaft (11), and the connecting spline (61) is separated from the spline groove (311);

under the single-axle driving state, the sliding gear sleeve (6) moves, the connecting spline (61) is clamped with the spline groove (311), and the input torque of the input shaft (1) can be transmitted to the first output gear (3) through the gear ring (31);

in a double-axle differential state, the sliding gear sleeve (6) is connected with the first spline shaft (11) and the second spline shaft (21), the connecting spline (61) is separated from the spline groove (311), and the input torque of the input shaft (1) can be transmitted to the second output gear (51) through the second spline shaft (21) and the crossed planetary gear set (4);

in a double-axle differential lock state, the sliding gear sleeve (6) is connected with the first spline shaft (11) and the second spline shaft (21), the connecting teeth (62) are meshed with the end face teeth (32), and the input torque of the input shaft (1) can be simultaneously transmitted to the first output gear (3) and the second output gear (51).

2. The four-speed through-axle reducer structure according to claim 1, wherein the ring gear (31) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes (312), and fasteners are detachably connected with the first output gear (3) through the mounting holes (312).

3. The four-gear through-bridge speed reducer structure according to claim 2, wherein the fastening member is a bolt, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the first output gear (3), the plurality of threaded holes correspond to the plurality of mounting holes (312) one by one, and the fastening member penetrates through the mounting holes (312) and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes.

4. The four-gear through axle speed reducer structure according to claim 1, wherein the end surface of the first spline shaft (11) close to the second spline shaft (21) is provided with a connecting groove (111), and the connecting shaft (2) extends into the connecting groove (111) and is rotatably connected with the connecting groove (111).

5. The four-speed through-axle reducer structure according to claim 4, wherein a first needle bearing (112) is mounted at a rotational connection of the connecting shaft (2) and the connecting groove (111).

6. The four-speed through-axle reducer structure according to claim 4, wherein a second needle bearing (113) is provided at an abutment of the first spline shaft (11) and the second spline shaft (21).

7. Four-speed through-axle reducer structure according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the first splined shaft (11) and the second splined shaft (21) have the same radial dimensions.

8. The four-gear through-bridge reducer structure according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the sliding gear sleeve (6) further comprises a shifting fork (63), a ring groove (64) is formed in the periphery of the sliding gear sleeve (6), and the shifting fork (63) is installed in the ring groove (64).

9. The four-gear through-axle reducer structure according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the cross axle (42) comprises four rotating shafts which are vertically connected in the same plane and rotate independently, the four rotating shafts correspond to four planetary gears (41) one by one, and the planetary gears (41) are connected with the rotating shafts in a rotating manner.

10. An automobile, characterized by comprising a four-speed through-axle reducer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.