CN113735639B - Quick microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and device - Google Patents
Quick microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113735639B CN113735639B CN202111150707.7A CN202111150707A CN113735639B CN 113735639 B CN113735639 B CN 113735639B CN 202111150707 A CN202111150707 A CN 202111150707A CN 113735639 B CN113735639 B CN 113735639B
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/957—Apparatus therefor using two or more serially arranged devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device, wherein the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process comprises an oxygen supply and air supply system, a feeding system, a degradation fermentation bin, a condenser, a vacuum pump unit, a cooling tower, a condensation water tank, an exhaust gas washing tower and an intelligent control cabinet; the outlet of the oxygen supply air supply system and the outlet of the feeding system are respectively communicated with the degradation fermentation bin, the outlet of the degradation fermentation bin is communicated with the condenser, the condensation outlet and the condensation inlet of the condenser are both connected with the cooling tower, and the gas outlet of the condenser is connected with the waste gas washing tower through the vacuum pump unit; the lower outlet of the condenser is connected with a condensed water tank; the oxygen supply and air supply system and the degradation fermentation bin are connected with a steam feeding valve; the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow and quality sensor signals of the whole device in the treatment process are all collected through the intelligent control cabinet, and the automatic operation control of the system is realized through the PLC.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of treatment of organic wastes (kitchen wastes, biogas residues, vinasse, various types of sludge, sugar refinery sludge oil-water separation solid organic residues and other various organic materials), in particular to a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device.
Background
At present, the organic garbage aerobic biochemical treatment machine on the market mainly has the defects of high energy consumption, long treatment time, large process waste gas emission, high secondary pollution control cost and the like; the influence of the material raw materials is large, and the process yield is seriously influenced. In addition, the dewatering treatment section of the aerobic biochemical treatment machine adopts the traditional drying and dewatering process, so that the waste gas production is large, the corresponding waste gas treatment equipment investment is large, and the operation energy consumption is high.
Aiming at the use condition of the aerobic biochemical treatment machine, the cost is high in the aspects of treatment capacity, treatment time, matched process, energy consumption, auxiliary system matched investment and the like, a biochemical treatment machine substitution machine type is required to be developed, the biochemical treatment cost is comprehensively reduced in the aspects of capacity, energy consumption, matching, investment and the like, and project income is improved. Realize large tonnage, short time and quick, effective harmless treatment and disposal of the organic materials. The rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device realizes single batch of 10-30 m 3 The anaerobic sterilization and aerobic fermentation rapid degradation treatment of the materials is effectively controlled within less than or equal to 12 hours, the efficient inactivation combined with the aerobic fermentation process is adopted, the efficient harmless treatment of the organic garbage raw materials is realized, the production cost of the organic garbage aerobic fermentation and the fertilizer is reduced, and the comprehensive economic benefit of the organic garbage treatment project is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device, which are mainly used for the treatment of various organic materials such as kitchen waste organic materials, oil-water separation solid organic slag materials, anaerobic digestion biogas residues and the like, and the treatment of high-temperature sterilization degradation and rapid aerobic fermentation of equipment is completed.
The process and the treatment device can realize the rapid harmless treatment of the organic materials, and simultaneously realize the rapid decomposition and degradation of the organic matters under the action of the high-temperature special aerobic bacteria agent to generate the organic fertilizer rich in the organic matters, thereby achieving the recycling utilization of the organic garbage. The whole treatment process is safe and reliable and the time is short.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device comprises an oxygen supply and air supply system, a feeding system, a degradation fermentation bin, a condenser, a vacuum pump unit, a cooling tower, a condensation water tank, an exhaust gas washing tower and an intelligent control cabinet; the outlet of the oxygen supply air supply system and the outlet of the feeding system are respectively communicated with the degradation fermentation bin, the outlet of the degradation fermentation bin is communicated with the condenser, the condensation outlet and the condensation inlet of the condenser are both connected with the cooling tower, and the gas outlet of the condenser is connected with the waste gas washing tower through the vacuum pump unit; the lower outlet of the condenser is connected with a condensed water tank; the oxygen supply and air supply system and the degradation fermentation bin are connected with a steam feeding valve; the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow and quality sensor signals of the whole device in the treatment process are all collected through the intelligent control cabinet, and the automatic operation control of the system is realized through the PLC.
The upper part of the degradation fermentation bin is provided with a feeding and distributing port connected with a feeding system, an air supply and oxygen supplementing pipe group connected with an oxygen supply and air supply system, an automatic microbial inoculum adding device and a metal filter cylinder dust remover connected with a condenser, and a double-layer jacket is arranged outside the degradation fermentation bin; the degradation fermentation bin is provided with a double-rotating-shaft steam access point, a jacket steam access point and a condensate water outlet, the bottom of the degradation fermentation bin is provided with a discharge hole, and a weighing metering sensor is arranged below the frame of the degradation fermentation bin.
The metal filter cartridge dust remover is connected with an exhaust gas outlet of the degradation fermentation bin, a plurality of metal filter cartridges are arranged in the metal filter cartridge dust remover, a metal filter screen is arranged on the outer surface of each metal filter cartridge, a steam heat-insulating interlayer is arranged on the shell of the metal filter cartridge dust remover, and a purging pipeline and a shockproof vacuum gauge are arranged at the top of the metal filter cartridge dust remover.
Wherein, 2 sets of hollow stirring shaft systems which are parallel to each other are arranged in the degradation fermentation bin, and each hollow stirring shaft system comprises a dynamic seal heat source access joint, a hollow transmission shaft, an eccentric heating propulsion disc and a dynamic seal heat source recovery interface; the eccentric heating propulsion disc is arranged on the hollow transmission shafts, and the eccentric directions of the eccentric heating propulsion disc arranged on the 2 hollow transmission shafts are opposite; 2 hollow transmission shafts rotate oppositely to enable materials to be circularly stirred in the degradation fermentation bin in the forward and reverse directions, so that the materials in the fermentation bin are fully and uniformly mixed and stirred; the outer edge of the eccentric heating propulsion disc is provided with an anti-scaling auxiliary paddle.
Wherein the degradation fermentation bin is provided with a driving motor, and the gear set is driven by the speed reducer to drive the hollow stirring shaft to rotate;
the air supply and oxygen supplementing pipe group comprises an air inlet control valve, an air inlet main pipe, an air distribution branch pipe and an oxygen supply pipe outlet, which are sequentially connected;
the degradation fermentation bin is provided with an in-bin temperature sensor, an in-bin pressure sensor, a jacket temperature sensor and a jacket pressure sensor; the temperature, pressure, moisture, weight, oxygen flow, quality and heat source feeding control of the whole flow of the feeding metering, heating inactivation and aerobic fermentation are all controlled in a closed loop and centralized way through a PLC automatic control system.
The oxygen supply air supply system comprises an oxygen supply air supply fan, wherein the oxygen supply air supply fan is connected with a hot air heat exchanger for exchanging heat with steam, and a flow velocity air meter is arranged on the hot air heat exchanger;
the automatic microbial inoculum adding device consists of a microbial inoculum storage bin and an automatic control valve, wherein a meter is arranged on the microbial inoculum storage bin, and the adding amount of the microbial inoculum is automatically and quantitatively controlled;
the condensed water tank is provided with a liquid level sensor and a pressure sensor to control the water draining action.
The rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process adopting the device provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Metering and delivering organic materials;
(2) Sterilizing at high temperature in a positive pressure environment;
(3) Inoculating special aerobic strain;
(4) Vacuum rapid drying and dehydration;
(5) And discharging the product, bagging and sealing.
The invention realizes harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of the organic garbage through the combined processes of high-temperature inactivation, special strain inoculation, aerobic fermentation, vacuum rapid dehydration and the like. The process changes the aerobic degradation mode of the traditional organic garbage treatment, adopts a normal pressure high temperature sterilization mode to inactivate harmful bacteria in the materials, inoculates special microbial inoculum for high temperature aerobic fermentation, combines vacuum rapid drying degradation treatment to realize rapid harmless treatment of the organic materials, and simultaneously realizes rapid decomposition degradation of organic matters under the action of the high temperature special aerobic microbial inoculum to generate organic fertilizer rich in organic matters so as to realize the recycling utilization of the organic garbage. The treatment process is safe and reliable and the time is short.
The step (2) is specifically to put the materials into a degradation fermentation bin, boost the pressure to 0.01MPa, heat the materials to 126 ℃ and maintain the temperature and the pressure for 20 minutes, and realize the inactivation of harmful bacteria in the materials through a high-temperature environment;
the step (3) is specifically that after high-temperature inactivation, a vacuum pump is started, when moisture in the material rapidly falls off to reach the optimal condition of proper moisture for aerobic fermentation, a bacterial agent automatic adding device is started to add bacterial agent, and a stirring motor continuously rotates to drive a rotating shaft to rotate so as to stir the strain and the material uniformly, so that inoculation is completed;
and simultaneously, when the fermentation inoculant is automatically added, an air inlet control valve of a degradation fermentation bin is opened, and an oxygen supply air blower and a hot air heat exchanger are simultaneously opened, oxygen-enriched fresh air is fed into the fermentation bin, so that aerobic microorganisms are rapidly spread and cultivated, organic materials are rapidly fermented and degraded, and the organic materials enter an aerobic fermentation stage.
The step (4) is that after aerobic fermentation is completed, a heating system is closed, the materials are cooled, an oxygen supply blower is closed, a vacuum pump is started, the materials in a degradation fermentation bin are rapidly dehydrated, beneficial bacteria are dormant to enter a spore state, and final fermentation treatment is completed;
and (5) specifically, discharging the fermented material from a discharge hole of a degradation fermentation bin, and carrying out aseptic conveying to a post-treatment unit to finish packaging and storage.
Specifically, the working method of the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device comprises the following steps:
when the control system starts to work, the control system opens the feeding valve of the feeding port, opens the steam feeding valve and drives the motor to rotate in an electrifying way; the material enters the degradation fermentation bin and is heated and stirred at the same time;
closing a feed inlet after loading is completed, ventilating and pressurizing the inside of the bin to 0.1MPa, heating the bin to 126 ℃ at the same time, inactivating the bin for more than 20 minutes, and starting a high-temperature sterilization primary process for disposal; starting a vacuum pump after high-temperature sterilization to enable the interior of the bin to quickly reach a vacuum state, so that moisture in the material is quickly removed, and the optimal condition of moisture content suitable for aerobic fermentation is achieved; at the moment, the system automatically detects the environmental conditions in the bin, starts the restoration of biological environmental conditions in real time, and adjusts the moisture, temperature, pressure and oxygen ventilation in the bin;
inoculating, starting an automatic microbial inoculum feeding bin, quantitatively feeding a special fermentation microbial inoculum into the bin, and fully mixing and inoculating with materials through stirring; starting high-temperature rapid aerobic fermentation, starting an oxygen supply fan, accelerating the propagation speed of microorganism aerobic bacteria, helping beneficial bacteria to rapidly establish dominant bacterial groups, and accelerating the rapid fermentation degradation of organic materials;
after the material is decomposed to one stage, starting vacuum rapid drying and dehydration to set moisture value, completing aerobic fermentation, closing a heating system, cooling the material, and enabling beneficial bacteria to sleep to enter a spore state, thus completing final fermentation treatment; discharging and packaging, wherein the fermented materials are discharged from a fermentation bin and enter a packaging system through a sterile conveyor to finish packaging and storage;
the control of the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow, material weight and steam flow in the whole process of feeding metering, high-temperature inactivation, aerobic fermentation and rapid decrement realizes closed-loop centralized control through a PLC automatic control system; the combined processes of high-temperature inactivation, special strain inoculation, aerobic fermentation, vacuum rapid dehydration and the like are used for realizing harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of the organic garbage.
Treatment of waste gas generated in the process: the waste gas after dust removal in a vacuum state by a metal filter cartridge dust remover is discharged into a condenser to exchange heat with a cooling tower, water vapor in the waste gas is condensed and collected to a condensed water tank to be collected in an organized way and then is subjected to centralized treatment, non-condensable gas is discharged along with a water ring pump after passing through the condenser, and the non-condensable gas is connected into a waste gas washing tower to be collected in an organized way, treated and discharged after reaching the standard; and (3) introducing the waste gas generated in the aerobic fermentation section into a waste gas washing tower for organized collection treatment, and discharging after reaching the standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the outstanding effects that:
(1) The process changes the single aerobic degradation mode of the traditional organic garbage treatment, adopts a normal pressure high temperature sterilization mode to inactivate harmful bacteria in the materials, inoculates special microbial inoculum for high temperature aerobic fermentation, combines vacuum rapid drying degradation treatment to realize rapid harmless treatment of the organic materials, and simultaneously realizes rapid decomposition degradation of organic matters under the action of the high temperature special aerobic microbial inoculum to generate organic fertilizer rich in organic matters so as to realize the recycling utilization of the organic garbage; the treatment process is safe and reliable and the time is short.
(2) The device is used for collecting high-humidity, high-pollution and high-viscosity materials such as organic garbage (kitchen garbage organic materials, oil-water separation solid organic slag materials, anaerobic digestion biogas residues and the like) and the like after heat exchange, so that the amount of waste gas is greatly reduced, the operation and matching cost of the later deodorizing equipment are effectively reduced, the sewage treatment difficulty is reduced, and the aerobic fermentation treatment efficiency of the organic garbage is improved.
(3) The device changes the problem of long treatment process time of the traditional aerobic fermentation equipment, and realizes the process of rapidly degrading organic garbage to decomposing.
The rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process and the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a structure diagram of a degradation fermentation bin;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a degradation fermentation cartridge;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a hollow stirring shaft;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the material in the degradation bin;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a metal cartridge dust collector;
FIG. 8 is a front view of an in-cabin air supply and oxygen supply tube set;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an in-cabin air supply and oxygen supply tube set;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the condensate tank;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a system for supplying air;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of an automatic microbial inoculum adding apparatus.
Wherein, 1-an oxygen supply air supply system; 2-a feeding system; 3-degrading fermentation bins; 4-a condenser; 5-a vacuum pump unit; 6-a cooling tower; 7-a condensate water tank; 8-an exhaust gas scrubber; 9-an intelligent control cabinet; 10-steam feed valve;
101-an oxygen supply blower; 102-a hot air heat exchanger; 103-a flow rate wind meter;
301-driving a motor; 302-a speed reducer; 303—a dual axis steam access point; 304-a gear set; 305-jacket steam access point; 306 a feeding and distributing port; 307-air supply oxygen supplementing tube group; 308-an automatic microbial inoculum adding device; 309-metal cartridge dust separator; 310-weighing metering sensor; 311-a first condensate outlet; 312-a second condensate outlet; 313-a first discharge port; 314-a second discharge port; 315-a third condensate outlet; 316-fermentation bin housing; 318-hollow stirring shaft system; 319-an in-bin temperature sensor; 320-in-bin pressure sensor; 321-jacket temperature sensor; 322-jacket pressure sensor; 323-on-line moisture detector; 324-double-layer jacket;
3181-dynamic seal heat source access joint; 3182—a hollow drive shaft; 3183-eccentric heating propulsion disc; 3184-anti-fouling secondary paddles; 3185—dynamic seal heat source recovery interface;
371-air inlet control valve; 372-an air inlet main pipe; 373-air distribution branch pipes; 374-outlet of oxygen supply air pipe;
381-a microbial inoculum storage bin; 382-meter; 383-automatic control valve;
391-metal filter cartridge; 392-an insulating interlayer; 393-shockproof vacuum gauge; 394-purge line;
701-a liquid level sensor; 702-pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 2, the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device comprises an oxygen supply and air supply system 1, a feeding system 2, a degradation fermentation bin 3, a condenser 4, a vacuum pump unit 5, a cooling tower 6, a condensation water tank 7, an exhaust gas washing tower 8 and an intelligent control cabinet 9; the outlets of the oxygen supply air supply system 1 and the feeding system 2 are respectively communicated with the degradation fermentation bin 3, the outlet of the degradation fermentation bin 3 is communicated with the condenser 4, the condensation outlet and the condensation inlet of the condenser 4 are both connected with the cooling tower 6, and the gas outlet of the condenser 4 is connected with the waste gas washing tower 8 through the vacuum pump unit 5; the lower outlet of the condenser 4 is connected with a condensed water tank 7; the oxygen supply air supply system 1 and the degradation fermentation bin 3 are connected with a steam feeding valve 10.
As shown in fig. 11, the oxygen supply air supply system 1 includes an oxygen supply air supply fan 101, the oxygen supply air supply fan 101 is connected with a hot air heat exchanger 102 for exchanging heat with steam, and a flow velocity air meter 103 is arranged on the hot air heat exchanger 102. The system is provided and creates an oxygen-enriched environment in real time in an aerobic fermentation stage by using a flow velocity air meter and a variable frequency control oxygen supply system, is provided with a hot air heat exchanger, heats air by saturated steam heat exchange, improves the temperature of air in a bin under the condition of keeping the oxygen quantity required by aerobic microorganisms, accelerates heat energy supplementation, and rapidly creates a temperature suitable for propagation and expansion culture of mesophilic microorganisms and thermophilic microorganism flora in fermentation materials.
The feeding system 2 is used for automatically feeding materials, and the full-flow automatic and quantitative feeding is completed.
The degradation fermentation bin 3 is an integrated double-layer jacket type pressure degradation fermentation bin, realizes integration of sterilization, fermentation and dehydration, comprises a jacket type bin body, an automatic microbial inoculum adding device, a stirring heating system, a bin wall anti-scaling device, an exhaust gas dust remover and the like, realizes degradation and inactivation of raw material materials in the degradation fermentation bin, and completes the whole process of inoculation and aerobic fermentation of special microbial inoculum.
The condenser 4 uses a physical cooling mode to quickly cool the waste gas, and water vapor in the waste gas is condensed into liquid phase water, and the liquid phase water is collected in an organized way and is discharged safely.
The vacuum pump unit 5 is used for creating a vacuum environment, accelerating the moisture separation of the fermentation materials and realizing rapid dehydration.
The cooling tower 6 provides a refrigerant for the waste water condenser to finish the cooling operation of the waste gas.
The condensed water tank 7 intensively recovers condensed water in the exhaust gas and intensively discharges the condensed water to the back-end water treatment.
The waste gas washing tower 8 can chemically wash the waste gas discharged from the degradation fermentation bin after dust removal, remove peculiar smell and realize standard emission.
The intelligent control cabinet 9 is used for collecting signals of temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow, quality sensors and the like in the processing process, and realizing automatic operation control of the system through a PLC.
The steam feed valve 10 is used to control the system heat source make-up.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the upper part of the degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with a feeding and distributing port 306 connected with the feeding system 2, an air supply and oxygen supplementing pipe group 307 connected with the oxygen supply and air supply system 1, a bacterial agent automatic adding device 308 and a metal filter cartridge dust remover 309 connected with the condenser 4, and a double-layer jacket 324 is arranged outside the bin body of the degradation fermentation bin 3; the degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with a double-rotating-shaft steam access point 303 and a jacket steam access point 305, the bottom of a fermentation bin shell 316 of the degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with a first condensate water outlet 311, a second condensate water outlet 312, a first discharge port 313 and a second discharge port 314, the tail of the degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with a third condensate water outlet 315, and a weighing and measuring sensor 310 is arranged below a frame of the degradation fermentation bin 3.
The degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with a driving motor 301, and the gear set 304 is driven by the speed reducer 302 to drive the hollow stirring shaft system 318 to rotate.
The degradation fermentation bin 3 is provided with an in-bin temperature sensor 319, an in-bin pressure sensor 320, a jacket temperature sensor 321, a jacket pressure sensor 322 and an online moisture detector 323; the temperature, pressure, moisture, weight, oxygen flow, quality and heat source feeding control of the whole flow of the feeding metering, heating inactivation and aerobic fermentation are all controlled in a closed loop and centralized way through a PLC automatic control system. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are used for controlling the temperature and pressure in the bin; the jacket temperature sensor and the jacket pressure sensor are used for controlling the jacket temperature and the jacket pressure, and the online moisture detector is used for monitoring the water content of the material in real time.
As shown in fig. 5-6, 2 sets of hollow stirring shaft systems 318 which are parallel to each other are arranged in the degradation fermentation bin 3, and the hollow stirring shaft systems 318 comprise a dynamic seal heat source access joint 3181, a hollow transmission shaft 3182, an eccentric heating propulsion disc 3183 and a dynamic seal heat source recovery interface 3185; the eccentric heating propulsion disc 3183 is mounted on the hollow transmission shafts 3182, and the eccentric directions of the eccentric heating propulsion discs arranged on the 2 hollow transmission shafts 3182 are opposite; the 2 hollow transmission shafts 3182 rotate oppositely to enable the materials to be circularly stirred in the forward and reverse directions in the degradation fermentation bin, so that the materials in the fermentation bin are fully and uniformly mixed and stirred; the outer edge of the eccentric heating propulsion disc 3183 is provided with an anti-scaling auxiliary paddle 3184, so that scaling of organic materials in the bin is effectively avoided.
As shown in fig. 7, the metal filter cartridge dust remover 309 is connected with the exhaust gas outlet of the degradation fermentation bin 3, a plurality of metal filter cartridges 391 are arranged in the metal filter cartridge dust remover 309, a metal filter screen is arranged on the outer surface of each metal filter cartridge 391, a steam insulation interlayer 392 is arranged on the outer shell of the metal filter cartridge dust remover 309, and a purging pipeline 394 and a shockproof vacuum gauge 393 are arranged on the top of the metal filter cartridge dust remover 309. Dust in the exhaust gas is filtered and trapped through the metal filter cylinder, so that the dust content of exhaust gas emission is reduced, and the service life of the vacuum pump is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the air supply and oxygen supplementing tube set 307 includes an air inlet control valve 371, an air inlet main pipe 372, an air distribution branch pipe 373 and an oxygen supply air pipe outlet 374, which are sequentially connected. The air supply oxygen supplementing tube group conducts drainage to oxygen-containing hot air entering the bin, so that an oxygen-containing fluid flow field in the bin is fully contacted with the material, and inoculation is promoted.
As shown in fig. 10, the condensate tank 7 is provided with a liquid level sensor 701 and a pressure sensor 702 to control the draining operation.
As shown in fig. 12, the automatic microbial inoculum adding device 308 is composed of a microbial inoculum storage bin 381 and an automatic control valve 383, wherein a meter 382 is arranged on the microbial inoculum storage bin 381, and the adding amount of the microbial inoculum is automatically and quantitatively controlled;
the whole device adopts a full-flow closed device, and the part contacted with the organic garbage and the by-product waste gas and waste water thereof is made of stainless steel.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment process adopting the treatment device comprises the following steps:
(1) Metering and delivering organic materials: the intelligent control cabinet controls to open a valve of a feeding and distributing port for feeding materials, a steam feeding valve and a stirring motor; and (5) feeding the materials to a weighing metering sensor to set a metering point, and ending the feeding.
(2) Sterilizing at high temperature in a positive pressure environment: and (3) putting the materials into a degradation fermentation bin, boosting the pressure to 0.01MPa, heating to 126 ℃, preserving heat and pressure for at least 20min, and inactivating harmful bacteria and viruses in the materials through a high-temperature environment. In addition, the process can realize the inactivation of various bacteria and viruses by keeping the normal pressure in the bin and continuously working materials for not less than 10 hours and at the temperature not higher than 80 ℃.
(3) Inoculating special aerobic strain: after high-temperature inactivation, starting a vacuum pump, when the moisture in the material rapidly falls off to reach the optimal condition of proper moisture for aerobic fermentation, starting an automatic microbial inoculum adding device to add microbial inoculum, and continuously rotating a stirring motor to drive a rotating shaft to rotate so as to uniformly stir the strain and the material, thereby completing inoculation;
oxygen supplementing and air supplying rapid fermentation: and simultaneously, when the fermentation inoculant is automatically added, an air inlet control valve of a degradation fermentation bin is opened, and an oxygen supply air blower and a hot air heat exchanger are simultaneously opened, oxygen-enriched fresh air is fed into the fermentation bin, so that aerobic microorganisms are rapidly spread and cultivated, organic materials are rapidly fermented and degraded, and the organic materials enter an aerobic fermentation stage.
(4) Vacuum rapid drying and dehydration: after aerobic fermentation is completed, the heating system is closed to cool the materials, the oxygen supply blower is closed, the vacuum pump is started to rapidly dehydrate the materials in the degradation fermentation bin, and beneficial bacteria are dormant to enter a spore state, so that the final fermentation treatment is completed;
(5) Delivering the product out of the bin, bagging and sealing: and discharging the fermented material from a discharge hole of the degradation fermentation bin, and carrying out aseptic conveying to a post-treatment unit to finish packaging and storage.
The specific working method of the rapid microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device comprises the following steps: when the control system starts to work, the control system opens the feeding valve of the feeding port, opens the steam feeding valve and drives the motor to rotate in an electrifying way; the material enters the degradation fermentation bin and is heated and stirred at the same time;
closing a feed inlet after loading is completed, ventilating and pressurizing the inside of the bin to 0.1MPa, heating the bin to 126 ℃ at the same time, inactivating the bin for more than 20 minutes, and starting a high-temperature sterilization primary process for disposal; starting a vacuum pump after high-temperature sterilization to enable the interior of the bin to quickly reach a vacuum state, so that moisture in the material is quickly removed, and the optimal condition of moisture content suitable for aerobic fermentation is achieved; at the moment, the system automatically detects the environmental conditions in the bin, starts the restoration of biological environmental conditions in real time, and adjusts the moisture, temperature, pressure and oxygen ventilation in the bin;
inoculating, starting an automatic microbial inoculum feeding bin, quantitatively feeding a special fermentation microbial inoculum into the bin, and fully mixing and inoculating with materials through stirring; starting high-temperature rapid aerobic fermentation, starting an oxygen supply fan, accelerating the propagation speed of microorganism aerobic bacteria, helping beneficial bacteria to rapidly establish dominant bacterial groups, and accelerating the rapid fermentation degradation of organic materials;
after the material is decomposed to one stage, starting vacuum rapid drying and dehydration to set moisture value, completing aerobic fermentation, closing a heating system, cooling the material, and enabling beneficial bacteria to sleep to enter a spore state, thus completing final fermentation treatment; discharging and packaging, wherein the fermented materials are discharged from a fermentation bin and enter a packaging system through a sterile conveyor to finish packaging and storage;
the control of the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow, material weight and steam flow in the whole process of feeding metering, high-temperature inactivation, aerobic fermentation and rapid decrement realizes closed-loop centralized control through a PLC automatic control system; the combined processes of high-temperature inactivation, special strain inoculation, aerobic fermentation, vacuum rapid dehydration and the like are used for realizing harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of the organic garbage.
As shown in fig. 2, the process produces an exhaust gas treatment: the waste gas after dust removal in a vacuum state by a metal filter cartridge dust remover is discharged into a condenser to exchange heat with a cooling tower in a refrigerant way, water vapor in the waste gas is condensed and collected into a condensed water tank after heat exchange, the condensed water tank is collected in an organized way and then is conveyed to a water treatment position in a concentrated way, non-condensable gas is discharged along with a water ring pump after passing through the condenser, and the non-condensable gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being connected into a waste gas washing tower for organized collection treatment; and (3) introducing the waste gas generated in the aerobic fermentation section into a waste gas washing tower for organized collection treatment, and discharging after reaching the standard.
The heat source condensed water of the first condensed water outlet 311, the second condensed water outlet 312 and the third condensed water outlet 315 is recovered to a condensed water recovery unit and sent to a back-end heat source regeneration system.
The fermentation inoculant can be se:Sup>A decomposing inoculant (WH-FS-A), and comprises ACCC01958 bacillus licheniformis, ACC19373 bacillus licheniformis, AC20006 candidse:Sup>A tropicalis and common high-temperature actinomycetes with CICC 10650. The strain can promote the rapid fermentation and decomposition of materials; the organic matters such as protein, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and the like are rapidly degraded, the utilization rate of organic matters and nutrients is improved, elements such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and the like in the material can be rapidly decomposed and mineralized, simple organic matters or inorganic matters are formed, and the commercialization application of fermentation products is facilitated. When in use, the microbial inoculum is put in the proportion of 1 to 5 per mill.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A quick microorganism aerobic fermentation treatment device is characterized in that: comprises an oxygen supply and air supply system (1), a feeding system (2), a degradation fermentation bin (3), a condenser (4), a vacuum pump unit (5), a cooling tower (6), a condensation water tank (7), an exhaust gas washing tower (8) and an intelligent control cabinet (9); the outlet of the oxygen supply air supply system (1) and the outlet of the feeding system (2) are respectively communicated with the degradation fermentation bin (3), the outlet of the degradation fermentation bin (3) is communicated with the condenser (4), the condensation outlet and the condensation inlet of the condenser (4) are both connected with the cooling tower (6), and the gas outlet of the condenser (4) is connected with the waste gas washing tower (8) through the vacuum pump unit (5); the lower outlet of the condenser (4) is connected with a condensed water tank (7); the oxygen supply air supply system (1) and the degradation fermentation bin (3) are connected with a steam feeding valve (10); the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow and quality sensor signals of the whole device in the treatment process are all collected through an intelligent control cabinet (9), and the automatic operation control of the system is realized through a PLC;
the upper part of the degradation fermentation bin (3) is provided with a feeding and distributing port (306) connected with a feeding system (2), an air supply and oxygen supplementing pipe group (307) connected with an oxygen supply and air supply system (1), a fungus agent automatic adding device (308) and a metal filter cartridge dust remover (309) connected with a condenser (4), and a double-layer jacket (324) is arranged outside the bin body of the degradation fermentation bin (3); the degradation fermentation bin (3) is provided with a double-rotating-shaft steam access point (303), a jacket steam access point (305) and a condensate water outlet, the bottom of the degradation fermentation bin (3) is provided with a discharge hole, and a weighing metering sensor (310) is arranged below the frame of the degradation fermentation bin (3);
the metal filter cartridge dust remover (309) is connected with an exhaust gas outlet of the degradation fermentation bin (3), a plurality of metal filter cartridges (391) are arranged in the metal filter cartridge dust remover (309), a metal filter screen is arranged on the outer surface of each metal filter cartridge (391), a heat-insulating interlayer (392) for heat insulation of steam is arranged on the shell of the metal filter cartridge dust remover (309), and a purging pipeline (394) and a shockproof vacuum gauge (393) are arranged at the top of the metal filter cartridge dust remover (309);
2 sets of hollow stirring shaft systems (318) which are parallel to each other are arranged in the degradation fermentation bin (3), and the hollow stirring shaft systems (318) comprise a dynamic seal heat source access joint (3181), a hollow transmission shaft (3182), an eccentric heating propulsion disc (3183) and a dynamic seal heat source recovery interface (3185); the eccentric heating propulsion disc (3183) is arranged on the hollow transmission shafts (3182), and the eccentric directions of the eccentric heating propulsion discs are opposite to each other, wherein the eccentric heating propulsion discs are arranged on the 2 hollow transmission shafts (3182); 2 hollow transmission shafts (3182) rotate oppositely to enable materials to be circularly stirred in the degradation fermentation bin in the forward and reverse directions, so that the materials in the fermentation bin are fully and uniformly mixed and stirred; an anti-scaling auxiliary paddle (3184) is arranged at the outer edge of the eccentric heating propulsion disc (3183);
the steam feed valve (10) is used for controlling the system heat source replenishment.
2. The rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the degradation fermentation bin (3) is provided with a driving motor (301), and the gear set (304) is driven by the speed reducer (302) to drive the hollow stirring shaft system (318) to rotate;
the air supply and oxygen supplementing pipe group (307) comprises an air inlet control valve (371), an air inlet main pipe (372) and an air distribution branch pipe (373) which are connected in sequence, and also comprises an oxygen supply pipe outlet (374);
the degradation fermentation bin (3) is provided with an in-bin temperature sensor (319), an in-bin pressure sensor (320), a jacket temperature sensor (321) and a jacket pressure sensor (322); the temperature, pressure, moisture, weight, oxygen flow, quality and heat source feeding control of the whole flow of the feeding metering, heating inactivation and aerobic fermentation are all controlled in a closed loop and centralized way through a PLC automatic control system.
3. The rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment device according to claim 2, wherein: the oxygen supply air supply system (1) comprises an oxygen supply air supply fan (101), wherein the oxygen supply air supply fan (101) is connected with a hot air heat exchanger (102) for exchanging heat with steam, and a flow velocity air meter (103) is arranged on the hot air heat exchanger (102);
the automatic microbial inoculum adding device (308) consists of a microbial inoculum storage bin (381) and an automatic control valve (383), wherein a meter (382) is arranged on the microbial inoculum storage bin (381), and the adding amount of the microbial inoculum is automatically and quantitatively controlled;
the condensed water tank (7) is provided with a liquid level sensor (701) and a pressure sensor (702) to control the water draining action.
4. A rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment process employing the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of: (1) metering and delivering organic materials; (2) sterilizing at high temperature in a positive pressure environment; (3) inoculating special aerobic bacteria; (4) vacuum rapid drying and dehydration; and (5) discharging the product, bagging and sealing.
5. The rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment process according to claim 4, wherein: step (2) is specifically that materials are put into a degradation fermentation bin to be boosted to 0.01MPa and heated to 126 ℃ for 20min, and the inactivation of harmful bacteria in the materials is realized through a high-temperature environment;
the step (3) is specifically that after high-temperature inactivation, a vacuum pump is started, when moisture in the material rapidly falls off to reach the optimal condition of proper moisture for aerobic fermentation, a bacterial agent automatic adding device is started to add bacterial agent, and a stirring motor continuously rotates to drive a rotating shaft to rotate so as to stir the strain and the material uniformly, so that inoculation is completed;
and simultaneously, when the fermentation inoculant is automatically added, an air inlet control valve of a degradation fermentation bin is opened, and an oxygen supply air blower and a hot air heat exchanger are simultaneously opened, oxygen-enriched fresh air is fed into the fermentation bin, so that aerobic microorganisms are rapidly spread and cultivated, organic materials are rapidly fermented and degraded, and the organic materials enter an aerobic fermentation stage.
6. The rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment process according to claim 5, wherein: the step (4) is that after aerobic fermentation is completed, a heating system is closed, the materials are cooled, an oxygen supply blower is closed, a vacuum pump is started, the materials in a degradation fermentation bin are rapidly dehydrated, beneficial bacteria are dormant to enter a spore state, and final fermentation treatment is completed;
and (5) specifically, discharging the fermented material from a discharge hole of a degradation fermentation bin, and carrying out aseptic conveying to a post-treatment unit to finish packaging and storage.
7. A rapid microbial aerobic fermentation treatment process using the apparatus of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: when the control system starts to work, the control system opens the feeding valve of the feeding port, opens the steam feeding valve and drives the motor to rotate in an electrifying way; the material enters the degradation fermentation bin and is heated and stirred at the same time;
closing a feed inlet after loading is completed, ventilating and pressurizing the inside of the bin to 0.1MPa, heating the bin to 126 ℃ at the same time, inactivating the bin for more than 20 minutes, and starting a high-temperature sterilization primary process for disposal; starting a vacuum pump after high-temperature sterilization to enable the interior of the bin to quickly reach a vacuum state, so that moisture in the material is quickly removed, and the optimal condition of moisture content suitable for aerobic fermentation is achieved; at the moment, the system automatically detects the environmental conditions in the bin, starts the restoration of biological environmental conditions in real time, and adjusts the moisture, temperature, pressure and oxygen ventilation in the bin;
inoculating, starting an automatic microbial inoculum feeding bin, quantitatively feeding a special fermentation microbial inoculum into the bin, and fully mixing and inoculating with materials through stirring; starting high-temperature rapid aerobic fermentation, starting an oxygen supply fan, accelerating the propagation speed of microorganism aerobic bacteria, helping beneficial bacteria to rapidly establish dominant bacterial groups, and accelerating the rapid fermentation degradation of organic materials;
after the material is decomposed to one stage, starting vacuum rapid drying and dehydration to set moisture value, completing aerobic fermentation, closing a heating system, cooling the material, and enabling beneficial bacteria to sleep to enter a spore state, thus completing final fermentation treatment; discharging and packaging, wherein the fermented materials are discharged from a fermentation bin and enter a packaging system through a sterile conveyor to finish packaging and storage;
the control of the temperature, pressure, moisture, oxygen flow, material weight and steam flow in the whole process of feeding metering, high-temperature inactivation, aerobic fermentation and rapid decrement realizes closed-loop centralized control through a PLC automatic control system; the harmless, reduction and recycling treatment of the organic garbage are realized through the combined processes of high-temperature inactivation, special strain inoculation, aerobic fermentation, vacuum rapid dehydration and the like;
treatment of waste gas generated in the process: the waste gas after dust removal in a vacuum state by a metal filter cartridge dust remover is discharged into a condenser to exchange heat with a cooling tower, water vapor in the waste gas is condensed and collected to a condensed water tank to be collected in an organized way and then is subjected to centralized treatment, non-condensable gas is discharged along with a water ring pump after passing through the condenser, and the non-condensable gas is connected into a waste gas washing tower to be collected in an organized way, treated and discharged after reaching the standard; and (3) introducing the waste gas generated in the aerobic fermentation section into a waste gas washing tower for organized collection treatment, and discharging after reaching the standard.
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